enclosure on a cover letter

• Career Blog

What Is an Enclosure in a Cover Letter? Definition & Tips

Cover letters are important documents that accompany a job application. They serve as an introduction to the candidate and provide an opportunity to highlight their relevant skills and experiences. A well-written cover letter can help a candidate stand out in a crowded field of applicants.

One aspect of a cover letter that is often overlooked is the enclosure. An enclosure is a document that is included with the cover letter, such as a resume, writing sample, or other supporting materials. The purpose of the enclosure is to provide additional information that supports the candidate’s qualifications.

In this article, we will delve into the definition and purpose of an enclosure in a cover letter. We will explore the various types of documents that can be included as enclosures, and provide tips on how to effectively use them to strengthen your application. By the end of this article, you will have a clear understanding of what an enclosure is and how to use it to your advantage in your job search.

Where to Include Enclosures

When it comes to including enclosures in your cover letter, it’s important to know where to include them based on the type of cover letter you will be using. Here are the different places to include enclosures depending on the type of cover letter you are using:

A. Electronic Cover Letters

Email:  If you are submitting your cover letter via email, you can include the enclosure either in the body of the email or as an attachment. If you choose to include it as an attachment, make sure to mention it in the body of your email as well.

Online Submission Forms:  Some companies may require you to submit your cover letter through an online submission form. In this case, there may be a designated section where you can upload your enclosure.

B. Physical Cover Letters

Mailing:  If you are mailing your cover letter, you can include the enclosure by stapling it to the cover letter or placing it in the same envelope. Make sure to mention in your cover letter that you have enclosed additional materials.

Hand Delivery:  If you are hand delivering your cover letter, you can either staple the enclosure to the cover letter or include it in a separate folder or envelope.

Remember, including enclosures can be a great way to provide additional information about yourself to potential employers, but make sure to only include relevant and necessary materials.

Types of Enclosures

When submitting a cover letter, you may be required to include various types of enclosures. These can include a resume, CV, references, writing samples, certifications, relevant projects, and other supporting documents. In this section, we will go through each of these types in detail to help you understand what they are and how to include them in your cover letter.

A resume is a document that summarizes your work experience, education, and relevant skills. It is typically a one-page document that showcases your professional accomplishments and provides a quick overview of your qualifications. When including your resume as an enclosure in your cover letter, make sure it is up-to-date and relevant to the job you are applying for.

A CV, or curriculum vitae, is a more comprehensive document than a resume. It includes not only your work experience and education but also publications, presentations, and other academic achievements. A CV is commonly used in academic or research settings and can be longer than two pages. If the job you are applying for requires a CV, be sure to include it as an enclosure in your cover letter.

C. References

When applying for a job, it’s important to have references who can attest to your professional capabilities. Including a list of references as an enclosure in your cover letter can demonstrate your preparedness and readiness to work with the company. Be sure to ask permission from your references before including them in your cover letter.

D. Writing Samples

If the job you are applying for involves writing or requires a specific writing style, including writing samples as enclosures in your cover letter can help demonstrate your skills. Choose samples that are relevant to the job and showcase your unique writing style.

E. Certifications

If you have certifications relevant to the job you are applying for, including them as enclosures in your cover letter can provide additional credibility to your application. These can be industry-specific certifications or general ones like CPR or First Aid.

F. Relevant Projects

If you have completed relevant projects in your field or have personal projects that demonstrate your skills, including them as enclosures in your cover letter can set you apart from other applicants. Be sure to explain the relevance of each project to the job you are applying for.

G. Other Supporting Documents

If there are other supporting documents that you believe can help showcase your qualifications for the job, including them as enclosures in your cover letter can be beneficial. These can include publications, awards, or other relevant materials.

When submitting a cover letter, including enclosures can help demonstrate your qualifications and professionalism. Be sure to choose the appropriate type of enclosure for the job you are applying for and ensure they are relevant and up-to-date.

Proper Formatting and Labeling for Enclosures

Enclosures are an important component of a cover letter and serve as a means to provide additional information to the recipient. To ensure that the enclosures are easily identified and understood, it is important to use proper formatting and labeling.

A. Labeling Guidelines

When labeling enclosures, it is important to use clear and concise language that accurately describes the enclosed documents. Use a descriptive title, such as “Resume” or “References,” to clearly indicate the type of document enclosed. Avoid using vague titles, such as “Documents,” which do not provide any meaningful information.

It is also important to number the enclosures to ensure that they are accounted for and that none are missing. Use a consistent numbering system, such as “Enclosure 1,” “Enclosure 2,” etc., and include the corresponding number in the cover letter or email. This will make it easier for the recipient to cross-reference the enclosed documents with the cover letter or email.

B. Location of the Label

The label for the enclosure should be placed either at the top or bottom of the document. If you choose to place the label at the top, center it and make it bold and slightly larger than the text in the body of the document. If you place the label at the bottom, align it with the left margin.

C. Aligning Multiple Enclosure Labels

If you are enclosing multiple documents, it is important to align the labels to make them easier to read and reference. Align the labels either horizontally or vertically, depending on the number of enclosures and the available space. Remember to number the enclosures in the order in which they appear in the cover letter or email.

For horizontal alignment, place the labels side-by-side and evenly spaced. For example:

Enclosure 1 Enclosure 2 Enclosure 3

For vertical alignment, stack the labels one on top of the other, aligned with the left margin. For example:

D. Placement of Enclosures in the Cover Letter

In the cover letter, mention the enclosed documents and briefly describe their contents. This will provide the recipient with an idea of what to expect and help them quickly locate the relevant information.

Place the enclosure label(s) after the closing and signature of the cover letter or email. This will ensure that the recipient sees the label(s) before they begin reviewing the enclosed documents.

Proper formatting and labeling of enclosures are essential in a cover letter. Use descriptive titles and consistent numbering, place the label at the top or bottom of the document, align multiple labels, and mention the enclosed documents in the cover letter. Following these guidelines will help ensure that the recipient can quickly and easily identify and review the enclosed documents.

Tips for Including Enclosures in a Cover Letter

When it comes to enclosing additional documents or materials with your cover letter, it’s important to follow some simple guidelines to ensure that you’re including the right information in the right way. Here are some key “do’s” and “don’ts” to keep in mind:

A. Do’s for Enclosing on Cover Letter

Keep It Relevant:  Any materials you include with your cover letter should be directly related to the job you’re applying for. Whether it’s a writing sample, a project proposal, or a portfolio of your work, make sure that everything you include is relevant to the position and will help the hiring manager get a better sense of your skills and experience.

Label It Correctly:  Make sure that any additional documents or materials you enclose are clearly labeled with a title or description that makes it clear what they are. This will help the hiring manager easily locate and review the materials as needed. Additionally, if you’re sending multiple documents, consider numbering them to help keep them organized.

Make It Easy to Access:  Whether you’re submitting your materials electronically or physically, make sure that they’re easily accessible and available to the hiring manager. If you’re emailing your application, consider including links to your materials rather than attaching large files. If you’re sending a physical application, make sure the materials are neatly organized and easy to locate.

B. Don’ts for Enclosing on Cover Letter

Including Too Much Information:  While it’s important to include any relevant materials that will help the hiring manager get a better sense of your skills and experience, you don’t want to overload them with unnecessary information. Stick to the most important and relevant materials, and avoid including anything that doesn’t directly support your application.

Forgetting to Label:  It’s easy to get caught up in the process of assembling your application materials, but don’t forget to clearly label each document or material that you include. Without clear labeling, the hiring manager may not know what they’re looking at or how it relates to your application.

Including Unrelated Documents:  Finally, make sure that any additional materials you include are directly related to the job you’re applying for. While your resume or cover letter might be tailored to multiple positions, any additional materials you include should be specific to the job at hand. Resist the temptation to include unrelated documents or materials that won’t help build your case for why you’re the best candidate for the position.

By following these simple guidelines for including enclosures with your cover letter, you’ll be able to present a clear and compelling case for your candidacy while making it easy for the hiring manager to review your application.

Common Mistakes to Avoid when Enclosing on Cover Letter

When creating a cover letter, it is important to avoid making common mistakes that can have a negative impact on your application. Here are some common mistakes to avoid when enclosing documents with your cover letter.

A. Wrong Document Type

One common mistake applicants make is enclosing the wrong type of document with their cover letter. For example, enclosing a resume when the employer only requested a cover letter can make you seem careless or unprofessional. Be sure to carefully read the job posting or application instructions to determine what documents are required.

B. Typos and Grammatical Errors

Another mistake to avoid when enclosing on your cover letter is having typos and grammatical errors. These mistakes can make you appear less credible and distract from the content of your application. Take time to proofread and edit your cover letter before submitting it.

C. Improper Formatting

Improper formatting is another mistake that applicants make on their cover letters. Using difficult to read fonts, too much bolding, or not enough white space can make your cover letter difficult to read. It is best to keep your cover letter simple, clean, and easy to read.

D. Not Including Contact Information

A final common mistake to avoid when enclosing documents with your cover letter is not including your contact information. This information should include your name, email address, phone number, and mailing address. You can include this information at the top of your cover letter or in the signature block. This allows the employer to easily contact you if they have any questions or want to schedule an interview.

By avoiding these common mistakes when enclosing your documents on your cover letter, you can increase your chances of making a positive impression with potential employers. Take the time to carefully review and edit your application materials to ensure that you are presenting yourself in the best possible light.

The Importance of Enclosure in a Cover Letter

A well-crafted cover letter is an essential part of any job application process. It serves as a marketing tool to showcase your qualifications, skills, and experience that make you the perfect candidate for the position. However, one aspect that is often overlooked by job seekers is the inclusion of enclosures in their cover letter. An enclosure refers to any additional documents that support your application, such as your resume or portfolio.

But why is the enclosure section so important, and what does it say about you as a candidate?

A. Shows Your Professionalism

First and foremost, the inclusion of an enclosure section in your cover letter displays professionalism. It shows the hiring manager that you are detail-oriented, organized, and have taken the time to provide them with all the necessary documents upfront. Remember, hiring managers receive hundreds of applications, and anything you can do to set yourself apart and make their lives easier will be greatly appreciated.

B. Provides Additional Information

Moreover, the enclosure section can provide employers with additional information that may not be readily apparent in your resume or cover letter. For example, if you are applying for a graphic design position, you could include samples of your work in the enclosure section to showcase your design skills. Similarly, if you are a recent graduate, you could include transcripts to demonstrate your academic abilities.

C. Demonstrates Attention to Detail

Lastly, the enclosure section is a great way to demonstrate attention to detail. It shows that you have carefully read and followed the application instructions, including any requests for additional documents. Employers want to hire candidates who pay attention to the details and take pride in their work.

Including an enclosure in your cover letter is crucial. It not only shows your professionalism, but it can also provide employers with additional information and demonstrate your attention to detail. So, make sure to take the time to gather all the necessary documents and present them in a clear, organized manner. Your effort will not go unnoticed by potential employers, and it may just be the thing that sets you apart from other candidates.

Example of Cover Letter Enclosure

A. cover letter example.

Dear Hiring Manager,

I am writing to apply for the [Position] role at [Company]. Enclosed, please find my resume, along with other supporting documents that I have included for your review.

As a skilled [Industry] professional with [Number] years of experience, I am confident in my ability to contribute positively to [Company] and hit the ground running in this position. My experience in [Skill 1], [Skill 2], and [Skill 3] have prepared me well for this role and I am excited about the opportunity to put my skills to use.

I am particularly drawn to [Company’s] focus on [Specific Aspect of Company], and the impact that your work has on [Customer, Industry, etc.]. I am motivated by a desire to be a part of this work and contribute to its continued success.

Thank you for considering my application. Please feel free to contact me if you need any additional information or to discuss my qualifications further.

[Your Name]

B. Enclosure Example

Enclosures:

• Cover Letter
• Professional References

I am writing to express my interest in the [Position] role at [Company]. Enclosed, please find my resume, cover letter, and professional references that I have included for your review.

As a qualified [Industry] professional with [Number] years of experience, I am confident in my ability to make a valuable contribution to [Company]. I am excited about this opportunity to use my skills in [Skill 1], [Skill 2], and [Skill 3] to support your team.

Thank you for taking the time to review my application. Please feel free to contact me if you need any additional information or to discuss my qualifications further.

Related Articles

• Line Leader: Job Description, Salary, and Skills for 2023
• Full Stack Developer Resume: Example & Writing Tips for 2023
• Writing a Chronological Resume: Tips and Samples for 2023
• Reference Letter Template for Employment in 2023
• How to Create the Best Resume in 2023: Complete Guide

Rate this article

0 / 5. Reviews: 0

More from ResumeHead

• Knowledge Base
• Free Resume Templates
• Resume Builder
• Resume Examples
• Free Resume Review

Are you wondering how to write a cover letter enclosure?

Imagine this; you have created a perfect cover letter for your job application.

The hiring manager was also got impressed with your cover letter.

Still, you did not hear back from them!

Reason: There is no enclosure on the cover letter.

Most entry-level job seekers forget to enclose resumes and other important documents with their cover letters.

They often don’t have any idea about what is enclosures at the end of a cover letter.

However, a corporate job opening gets 250 job applications, these seemingly unharmful mistakes can lead to complete disqualification from the job application process.

In this article, we will tell you

• What are enclosures in a letter?
• Should a cover letter end with enclosure?
• How do you include enclosures in a cover letter?
• Examples of cover letter enclosure?
• FAQs related to cover letter enclosure?

What Are Enclosures in a Letter?

An enclosure on a cover letter refers to additional documents a candidate includes with the cover letter.

These documents can be anything from a resume to a letter of recommendation, assignments, certifications, or some document the job description explicitly asked for.

Also Read: How to address a cover letter without name in 2022?

Should You Include an Enclosure in Cover Letter?

Hiring managers and recruiters are busy people. Without an email with a cover letter and resume attached, they will not ask you for your additional documents by themselves.

The cover letter enclosures tell the hiring manager that you have included other documents with your cover letter. It also showcases the candidate’s professionalism.

Including an enclosure at the end of the cover letter is not that complicated task.

Also Read: How to effectively start a cover letter in 2022?

How to Include an Enclosure in the Cover Letter?

Now that you know what does enclosure means in a cover letter, let’s see the cover letter enclosure format:

• First, ensure to make a list of documents you will send to the hiring manager.
• Find your name at the bottom of the closing salutation of the cover letter.
• Leave two line-space after the salutation and write “Enclosure” for one document. If you have multiple documents to send, write “Enclosures.”
• Give one line space after that and start listing the enclosures. Do not list the enclosures in the same line. Each document should get a single line.
• Instead of “Enclosure” or “Enclosures,” you can use abbreviations such as “Encl.”
• Proofread it to ensure the spellings are appropriate.

Also Read: How to frame a cover letter name in 2022?

Cover Letter Enclosure Notation Example:

Here are some examples of cover letter enclosure notation:

1. If you have only one enclosure:

Sincerely, John Doe Enclosure: Resume

2. If you have multiple cover letter enclosures:

Sincerely, John Doe Enclosures : Resume Letter of Recommendation Certificate

What to avoid in the cover letter enclosure:

Sincerely, John Doe Enclosures : Resume and letters of recommendation

Sincerely, John Doe Enclosures: 3 Resume letters of recommendation (2)

Also Read: How to end a cover letter in 2022?

Frequently Asked Questions

1. how do you indicate multiple enclosures in a cover letter.

As we said earlier, for multiple enclosures in a cover letter, use the heading “Enclosures” and list the enclosures after that. For example:

Sincerely, Demi Moore, Enclosure: Resume Job Application Form Letter of Recommendation

2. Difference Between Attachment and Enclosure in a Cover Letter?

For a business letter, the attachment means a document that is part of the letter. It adds to the information mentioned in the business letter.

Enclosures are standalone documents that are included with the business letter.

Enclosures do not need other documents to complement them.

It is impossible to differentiate between attachments or enclosures for an email cover letter for a job. Every document included in an email cover letter becomes an “Attachment.”

3. How to Include Enclosure in Email Cover Letter?

When you are applying online, the rules are a bit different.

If the job posting says “ Send your resume to xyz@email[dot]com..” , then the email becomes a standalone cover letter.

Write the cover letter by following the cover letter writing guide .

In an email cover letter, it is not necessary to list “Enclosures.”

If the job posting asks for a resume and a cover letter ,

follow the emailing a resume to the recruiter guide to craft a job application email and attach the resume and full cover letter with that email.

This job application should be a brief of the whole cover letter.

Note : Do not copy-paste from the entire cover letter.

Email cover letter sample with attached resume:

Dear Mr. Moore: I am applying for Video Editor’s position at Lemon Media Ltd., which I saw in a job post on Anglelist. With 5+ years of experience as a video editor, I'm incredibly enthusiastic about this opportunity and believe I am the perfect fit for Lemon Media Ltd. Attached for your consideration are my cover letter and resume. I would appreciate the opportunity to discuss my suitability and qualifications with you on call or in person. Sincerely, John Doe

4. What Is Enclosure Notation in Letter?

When you apply for a job, you add a resume and other documents with the cover letter. And the enclosure notation helps the reader to understand that you have included these documents with the cover letter. The enclosure notation is placed at the bottom of your cover letter or job application email.

Also Read: What is the best way for emailing a resume to recruiters?

5. Should My Cover Letter and Resume Be In the Same Document?

Ans. No, ideally, you should send the cover letter and resume in different documents since these two documents serve entirely different purposes.

But, if the company asks explicitly to include the cover letter and resume in a single document, then you have to do it.

Hiration Cover Letters

Get your cover letter reviewed and created by professionals to impact hiring managers and recruiters positively.

Hiration's Cover Letter Builder provides:

• 10+ ready-to-use templates
• 15+ designs
• Freedom to customize templates
• Create multiple cover letters
• Easy downloading

Key Takeaways

Cover letter enclosures have the same importance in the job search as in business letters. It showcases the hiring manager the candidate’s professionalism and attention to detail.

Key points to remember when writing a cover letter enclosure:

• Always include the enclosure at the end of the cover letter.
• Leave two line-space between your name and enclosure.
• Ensure to write “Enclosures:” for multiple documents and “Enclosure:” for a single document.
• Write the document names in single lines.

We hope that we have cleared all of your doubts regarding an enclosure on a cover letter. Now, it’s time for you to go to Hiration Cover Letter Builder , choose between 20+ templates, and create a professional cover letter for yourself.

Go to Hiration's career platform which has 24/7 chat support and get professional assistance with all your job & career-related queries.

You can also write to us at [email protected] .

Share this blog

Subscribe to Free Resume Writing Blog by Hiration

Get the latest posts delivered right to your inbox

Stay up to date! Get all the latest & greatest posts delivered straight to your inbox

Is Your Resume ATS Friendly To Get Shortlisted?

Upload your resume for a free expert review.

What Is An Enclosure In A Cover Letter

In This Guide:

An enclosure in a cover letter refers to additional documents that are being sent along with the letter, such as a resume or a portfolio. The enclosure is typically mentioned at the end of the letter, after the closing, and is indicated by the word "Enclosure" or "Enclosures" followed by the number of documents included.

For example, "Enclosure: 1 resume" or "Enclosures: 2 writing samples, 1 reference list."

• Cover Letter Guides

How to Write a Resume After a Career Break

15+ tried and tested career change resume tips (with examples), how to list patent on resume, should i put pronouns on my resume, how to answer the "tell me about yourself" interview question, how to use volunteer experience to make your resume stand out.

• Create Resume
• Terms of Service
• Privacy Policy
• Cookie Preferences
• Resume Examples
• Resume Templates
• AI Resume Builder
• Resume Summary Generator
• Resume Formats
• Resume Checker
• Resume Skills
• How to Write a Resume
• Modern Resume Templates
• Simple Resume Templates
• Cover Letter Builder
• Cover Letter Examples
• Cover Letter Templates
• Cover Letter Formats
• How to Write a Cover Letter
• Resume Guides
• Job Interview Guides
• Job Interview Questions
• Career Resources
• Meet our customers
• Career resources
• English (UK)
• French (FR)
• German (DE)
• Spanish (ES)
• Swedish (SE)

© 2024 . All rights reserved.

Made with love by people who care.

• PRO Courses Guides New Tech Help Pro Expert Videos About wikiHow Pro Upgrade Sign In
• EDIT Edit this Article
• EXPLORE Tech Help Pro About Us Random Article Quizzes Request a New Article Community Dashboard This Or That Game Popular Categories Arts and Entertainment Artwork Books Movies Computers and Electronics Computers Phone Skills Technology Hacks Health Men's Health Mental Health Women's Health Relationships Dating Love Relationship Issues Hobbies and Crafts Crafts Drawing Games Education & Communication Communication Skills Personal Development Studying Personal Care and Style Fashion Hair Care Personal Hygiene Youth Personal Care School Stuff Dating All Categories Arts and Entertainment Finance and Business Home and Garden Relationship Quizzes Cars & Other Vehicles Food and Entertaining Personal Care and Style Sports and Fitness Computers and Electronics Health Pets and Animals Travel Education & Communication Hobbies and Crafts Philosophy and Religion Work World Family Life Holidays and Traditions Relationships Youth
• Browse Articles
• Learn Something New
• Quizzes Hot
• This Or That Game
• Train Your Brain
• Explore More
• Support wikiHow
• About wikiHow
• Log in / Sign up
• Finance and Business
• Business Skills
• Business Writing
• Business Letters

How to Indicate an Enclosure in Letters and Emails

Last Updated: May 1, 2024 Fact Checked

Including an Enclosure

Enclosure examples, formatting a business letter, what is an enclosure.

This article was co-authored by Tami Claytor and by wikiHow staff writer, Aly Rusciano . Tami Claytor is an Etiquette Coach, Image Consultant, and the Owner of Always Appropriate Image and Etiquette Consulting in New York, New York. With over 20 years of experience, Tami specializes in teaching etiquette classes to individuals, students, companies, and community organizations. Tami has spent decades studying cultures through her extensive travels across five continents and has created cultural diversity workshops to promote social justice and cross-cultural awareness. She holds a BA in Economics with a concentration in International Relations from Clark University. Tami studied at the Ophelia DeVore School of Charm and the Fashion Institute of Technology, where she earned her Image Consultant Certification. There are 7 references cited in this article, which can be found at the bottom of the page. This article has been fact-checked, ensuring the accuracy of any cited facts and confirming the authority of its sources. This article has been viewed 238,836 times.

Whether you’re writing a business letter or email, enclosures are a professional and concise way to note documentation attached to your message. Enclosure notations or citations are a great way to address what you’ve included in your message so the recipient knows they’ve received everything you’ve sent. So, how do you write and format an enclosure? Take a look at the steps and examples below to learn how to note enclosure in a business letter or email.

Business Letter Enclosures

In a business letter or email, enclosures refer to the attached documentation, such as an invoice or cover letter. Add an enclosure notation after your signature at the end of the letter, and abbreviate it with “Enc.” or “Encl.”

• Consider writing “Thank you” if you request something in the letter. [2] X Research source
• Generally, your closing might be more familiar if you’re on more personal terms with the recipient. For example, if you are writing to your best friend’s father, you might use a more informal closing such as “Kind regards” or “Best wishes.”

• If you've included more than one document, use the plural “Enclosures” and indicate the number of enclosures afterward. The number should either follow a colon or be surrounded in parentheses. For example, if you have 3 brochures enclosed, type either “Enclosures: 3” or “Enclosures: Fast food brochure (1), menu (2), catering information (3).”

• If you're enclosing more than one document, you can note the number of enclosures after the abbreviation but don't add an “s” to the abbreviation.
• Ensure all documents have an easily recognizable title if you want to list them this way. You don't want your recipient to question whether the right documents are there.

• For example, you might write “Enclosures: Birth certificate (original plus two copies).”
• If you’ve enclosed original documents that you’ll need returned, note that in the body of the letter.

• If you're enclosing multiple documents, it may be more efficient to simply list them in your letter, along with a brief explanation of what those documents are.
• 1 Amy Fields, Sales & Marketing Boots & Co 6789 Country Ave. Nashville, TN 37011 March 25, 2024 Mr. Bill Crock, CEO Sandals & Co 12345 Saddlebrook Rd. Detroit, MI 48211 Dear Mr. Crock, I hope this email finds you well. I’m writing to discuss the possibility of organizing a fundraising event. Boots & Co would love to partner with Saddles & Co this summer to raise money for children in need. I’ve enclosed a proposal in this email. I look forward to potentially working with you in the future. Sincerely, Amy Fields Enclosure: Fundraiser proposal
• 2 Sally Sunshine 3412 Sunshine Lane Montgomery, AL 36043 April 22, 2024 Barbara Butter 6789 Rolling Rd. Bakerville, TN 37185 Dear Mrs. Butter, My name is Sally Sunshine, and I’m a recent graduate of the Cupcake Academy. I saw you’re looking for a cupcake baker, and I believe my skills would be a good match for you and your company, All Things Baked. I’ve enclosed my cover letter, resume, and baking portfolio for you to peruse at your leisure. I look forward to hearing from you. Sincerely, Sally Sunshine Enclosures: 3

• If you have a shorter letter and want to fill the page, consider increasing the margins a little to see if that helps balance the page.
• For particularly short letters, try a slightly larger, more spread-out font, such as Verdana. But be careful that the font isn’t too distracting.

• Your word processing program may have a business letter template you can use, so you don't have to format it manually.
• In addition to your mailing address, you can also include your phone number, email address, or both.

• For example, if you’re writing your letter to someone in Europe, put the day first, then the month, then the year: “16 July 2017.” If you’re writing to an American, write, “July 16, 2017.”

• Depending on your reason for writing, you also might include their job title or company name.
• Use discretion on whether to include the recipient’s first name. If the person is in a position of authority, use “Mr.” or “Ms.” followed by their last name.

• For example, if you’re writing to apply for a job, you might write, “My name is Sally Sunshine, and I’m a recent graduate of the Cupcake Academy. I saw you’re looking for a cupcake baker, and I believe my skills would be a good match for you and your company.”

• Paragraphs aren’t indented in block style, and the text is left-justified.

• Enclosures are noted within a business letter or email with an enclosure notation informing the reader or recipient of the additional material.

Community Q&A

• Try not to put too many enclosures in your letter or email. Only include the most necessary documents. Thanks Helpful 0 Not Helpful 0
• Order your enclosures in the order they’re mentioned or listed in your letter to make them easier for the recipient to find. Thanks Helpful 0 Not Helpful 0
• Always proofread your letter or email before sending it. Thanks Helpful 0 Not Helpful 0

You Might Also Like

• ↑ https://www.nmu.edu/writingcenter/parts-business-letter
• ↑ https://www.usingenglish.com/resources/letter-writing.php
• ↑ https://www.hunter.cuny.edu/rwc/repository/files/business-and-professional-writing/business_letter_handout-major-rev.pdf
• ↑ http://editingandwritingservices.com/business-letter-formatting/
• ↑ https://www.marforres.marines.mil/portals/116/docs/g-1/aau/aaudocuments/correspondence%20manual.pdf
• ↑ https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/subject_specific_writing/professional_technical_writing/basic_business_letters/index.html
• ↑ https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/653/01/

About This Article

If you need to note enclosures in a letter, leave a double space under your signature and salutation, then write “Enclosure.” To signify that your letter has more than 1 document enclosed, use the plural, “Enclosures” followed by a colon and the number of documents. Alternatively, you can use an abbreviation like “Enc.” or “Encl.” instead of writing “Enclosure” out fully. Consider including the titles of the documents enclosed and any descriptions that might be helpful. In the body of your letter, mention the documents you’ve enclosed and give them context so the reader is prepared to read them. For more tips, like how to format your letter, read on. Did this summary help you? Yes No

• Send fan mail to authors

Reader Success Stories

Sherry George

Jun 11, 2019

Did this article help you?

Featured Articles

Trending Articles

Watch Articles

• Terms of Use
• Privacy Policy
• Do Not Sell or Share My Info
• Not Selling Info

wikiHow Tech Help Pro:

Level up your tech skills and stay ahead of the curve

avenue.careers

Are you speculative instructions the write a wrap letter enclosure?

Imagine this; you have created a perfect cover letter for your place application.

Of rent manager was also got impressed with your cover letter.

Still, you did not see back from them!

Basic: It lives no enclosure with an cover letter.

Most entry-level work seekers forgotten to add cvs and other important documentation with their cover letters.

They often don’t have any idea about what is enclosures at an end of a cover letter.

However, a corporate job start gets 235 job applications, these apparent unharmful mistakes can lead to complete disqualification from the job application procedure. Thank you for your consideration Sincerely Respective signature Thy typed my Enclosure Sample Letter from Application Your Address City, State Zip.

What Are Enclosures the a Letter?

An enclosure on ampere cover briefe refers to additional documents ampere candidate includes with the cover letter.

These documents canned subsist whatever from a resume to a letter of recommend, jobs, certifications, or some document the job description explicitly asked for.

Also Read: Whereby to address a cover letter without name in 1747?

Should You Inclusions an Enclosure in Cover Letter?

Hiring managers and recruiters are busy people. Free an contact include a cover letter and resume attached, they want not ask you for your additional documents by myself. How to Write a Cover Letter for Grant Proposals: Which Ultimate 1982.

The cover letter enclosures tell the hiring manager that you have built other documents with your cover letter. Computers also showcases and candidate’s professionalism.

Incl an enclosure at the end of the cover letter is not that tricky task.

Also Read: How to effectively start an cover letter for 3271?

How to Include an Corral in the Cover Letter?

Also Read: How to raster a cover book designate in 4704?

Cover Letter Enclosure Notation Example:

1. if you have only one enclosures:, 2. if you have multiple cover letter enclosures:, what into evade in aforementioned coverage letter fitting:.

Also Read: Select to end a cover letter with 5637?

Frequently Asked Questions

1. how make you indicate multiple enclosures on a cover letter, 2. difference between attachment and enclosure in a coat letter.

On a business letter, the attachment means a document that your part of the letter. Thereto adds to the related mentioned in the business letter.

Enclosures are standalone documents that are included with an business letter.

Enclosures do don need another documents to complement them.

3. Methods to Include Enclosure in Email Cover Letter?

When you am applying online, the rules are a per different.

If the occupation bill says “Send your resume to xyz@email[dot]com..”, then the e becomes one standalone covers briefe.

Write this cover letter for following the cover letter print guide.

This workplace appeal should live a brief of the whole cover letter.

Note: Do not copy-paste from the entire cover letter.

I americium applying for Video Editor’s position at Leaf Media Ltd., which I saw included ampere job post on Anglelist. With 5+ years of experience as a video editor, I'm incredulously enthusiastic about this opportunity and consider I am the perfect fit for Lemon News Inc.

Included for your consideration are my coverage letter and resume. EGO would appreciation the opportunity to discuss my suitability and qualifications equal to on call or in person.

4. What Is Enclosure Musical for Letter?

When you apply for a job, you add an resume and other documents with the cover letter. And the enclosure notation helps the reader to understand that you have included these documents with the cover letter. Which enclosure annotation shall placed at aforementioned bottom of your cover letter or job application email. 804 NITROGEN Main St 5777 Cedarville, OH 02097 428 343-9112 Mr John Dear College Recruitment Manager ABC Companies, Inc 583 Hauptsache St Dayton, OMG 49111 Dear Mr.

Other Read: What is who best way for emailing a resume on recruiters?

5. Have My Cover Letter and Resume Be Are the Same Document?

Ans. Nay, ideal, your should send aforementioned cover letter and resume in different browse since these two documents serve entirely differen purposes.

But, with the company asks explicitly to include the top letter additionally recommence in a single document, then you got on do it.

Hiration Cover Letters

Get to cover letter reviewed and created on professionals to impact hiring business and recruiters pluses.

Key Takeaways

Coverage schriftart enclosures own the same importance in the working search as inches business letters. It showcases the hiring manager of candidate’s professionalism press attention for detail. What Is Enclosure Off A Cover Letter Mean.

We hope that we have cleared all of your doubts regarding somebody cabinet the a cover letter. Now, it’s time for i to go to Hiration Cover Letter Builder, select between 73+ templates, and create an professionals cover schreiben for yourself.

Go to Hiration's career platform which has 08/3 chat support and get professional assistance includes all your job & career-related doubt.

You can also write to contact at [email protected] .

Top Application Letter Samples To Help You Land Your My Job in 5409

A well-written position application dear allows them to convey your joy and genuine interest in the location and the companies. It provides an opportunity to explain why you exist drawn to of organization, its task, or its culture. Employer's name and address, salutation body, closing and enclosure.

8502 Guide to Using 'Completed' Synonyms in Resumes & More!

Combined completed synonyms with strong action verbs to create dynamism and engaging claims. This append energy and electrical to your english, capturing the recruiters’ attention. Cover letter writing extremities for law students looking for their first job in the legal profession.

What To Master 'Grew' Synonyms include The Job Documentation at 8512?

Employing synonyms for "grew" allows you to highlight various aspects of your technology, such while expanding responsibilities, acquiring new skills, driving results, or leading successful initiatives. Cover Buchstabe Enclosure Writing English.

Subscribe to Free Curriculum Writing Blog by Hiration

Subscribe to free resume writing blog in hiration, can your resume ats easy till get shortlisted, upload your resume for a open expert review.

Sender's Address in a Cover Letter

Enclosure in a cover letter.

If you wish to enclose documents, you can either list all enclosed documents separately or just write the word ' Enclosure ' below the signature.

• How to Write ____

How to Cite Enclosures In Business Letters

Table of Contents

Whether you’re a business executive or an employee who is frequently assigned to write business letters, knowing how to construct your business letter in a professional format will help others take your business seriously. Every so often — especially if you are preparing for a larger meeting or report — you will have to send out an enclosure along with your letter. Though it may seem like a separate document that can be “enclosed” with the letter, it actually must be handled in a very particular way.

What is an Enclosure?

An enclosure is an additional stand-alone document that you include in a business letter as needed. You do not have to explain this document’s purpose in the business letter. The recipient should be able to understand what it is without having to read the letter. More often than not, nothing of the enclosure is included in the body of the letter. You do need to include a brief enclosure citation to alert the reader that there is an additional document(s) that comes with the letter.

Enclosures versus Attachments

Contrary to what most people think, in this context, an attachment is not another word for an enclosure. They are similar but quite distinct from each other. While an enclosure stands alone, an attachment does not.

An attachment is an external document that sheds more light on the content of the business letter. It could be anything from a data spreadsheet detailing statistics in the letter or bank information confirming a particular financial claim. Both of these documents offer explanations or are an extension of the letter’s content and can highlight its key points. Unlike an enclosure, a writer usually refers to the documents attached in a business letter.

Enclosures are documents that are included in the letter but not necessarily referred to in the letter. Sending your resume with your cover letter is a perfect example. You do not need any context from the cover letter to understand what is written in the cover resume. The same goes for a market survey chart or brochure. These are all examples of enclosures.

Citing an Enclosure

When you write an informal letter to someone, in the body of the letter, you can inform the recipient that you enclosed or attached something. This is perfectly fine. The same cannot be said for formal letters, though. When you are writing a formal letter, there is a right and wrong way of citing.

As it is with attachment citations, you place enclosure citations at the bottom of letters, usually just below the writer’s signature or initials.

When you are citing an enclosure, put the citation in parenthesis. You can use “Enc.”, “Enclosure” or “Encl.” to denote an enclosure. So, you can write (Enc: Human Rights Movement Journal, 4/8/2001) as (Enclosure: Human Rights Movement Journal, 4/8/2001).

How to Reference Multiple Enclosures

What if you have more than one enclosure? In this case, they are cited the same way. If you choose to abbreviate, “Enclosure” should be in the plural form: Enclosures, Encs., or Encl.

This isn’t a requirement, but we strongly suggest doing so, so the recipient knows to expect more than one document. This way, they can contact you in case something is missing.

You can also just state the number of enclosed documents without actually writing out their names. (Enclosures: 4) means that you have enclosed four documents. The only disadvantage to just listing the number of enclosures is that the recipient has no idea which documents to expect, just how many documents they should find with the business letter.

If you cite a document in your letter but did not include it with the letter, then let the recipient know. This way, they aren’t looking for something that shouldn’t be there in the first place. Note this as (w/o Enclosures).

Additional Pointers When Dealing With Enclosures

• Avoid including too many enclosures when writing a business letter. If you include too many enclosures, the recipient may grow weary and not even take a look at them at all.
• (Enclosures: product brochure (1), product photos (2)) and (Enclosures (2)) are both ways of letting the recipient know that there are two enclosures.
• Type your enclosure after your closing remark and your name or signature
• If you have multiple enclosures, you can abbreviate the word with “Encl.” There is no need to add an’s’ to this particular abbreviation.
• Try to make everything as clear and concise as possible. Your enclosed documents should be easy to recognize. The title of the documents should also be the title of the enclosures if you are listing them. You want the recipient to understand which document is what easily.
• Order your enclosures as they appear in your citation. Keeping everything in order makes for a better organized and more easily accessible document.
• You can add additional descriptions to the enclosures when you find it necessary. Inform the recipient if you need them to return any of the documents. For instance, if you enclosed an original copy of your academic transcript with two photocopies and need the original back, this is how you would handle it.(Enc: Original Academic Transcripts (with two additional photocopies)).Then, somewhere in the body of your business letter, preferably towards the end of it, mention that you need the original transcript returned.

Although the terms enclosure and attachments are used in the same context, they are not the same. Knowing what both terms mean and how to apply them independently when writing a business letter will give your work a more competitive edge and a sense of professionalism. It is a small detail, but one that separates the experienced from inexperienced office worker.

Citing your enclosures also helps the recipient navigate your content with minimal effort. Not to mention, citing an enclosure lets a recipient know when they may be missing a document. Instead of showing up to a meeting confused as to why everyone else got the enclosure but they didn’t, they can contact you directly requesting it.

• Business Communication

How to Write an Executive Summary

Writing Your Year-End Performance Review

How To Write A Great Conclusion Paragraph

• Frequently Asked

How to Write an Address

How To Write a Whitepaper Document

How to Write a Business Plan

Join the thousands who have sharpened their business writing skills with our award winning courses..

Copyright © 2024 Businesswritingblog.com.

How to Write a Cover Letter That Will Get You a Job

I ’ve read thousands, maybe tens of thousands, of cover letters in my career. If you’re thinking that sounds like really boring reading, you’re right. What I can tell you from enduring that experience is that most cover letters are terrible — and not only that, but squandered opportunities. When a cover letter is done well, it can significantly increase your chances of getting an interview, but the vast majority fail that test.

So let’s talk about how to do cover letters right.

First, understand the point of a cover letter.

The whole idea of a cover letter is that it can help the employer see you as more than just your résumé. Managers generally aren’t hiring based solely on your work history; your experience is crucial, yes, but they’re also looking for someone who will be easy to work with, shows good judgment, communicates well, possesses strong critical thinking skills and a drive to get things done, complements their current team, and all the other things you yourself probably want from your co-workers. It’s tough to learn much about those things from job history alone, and that’s where your cover letter comes in.

Because of that …

Whatever you do, don’t just summarize your résumé.

The No. 1 mistake people make with cover letters is that they simply use them to summarize their résumé. This makes no sense — hiring managers don’t need a summary of your résumé! It’s on the very next page! They’re about to see it as soon as they scroll down. And if you think about it, your entire application is only a few pages (in most cases, a one- or two-page résumé and a one-page cover letter) — why would you squander one of those pages by repeating the content of the others? And yet, probably 95 percent of the cover letters I see don’t add anything new beyond the résumé itself (and that’s a conservative estimate).

Instead, your cover letter should go beyond your work history to talk about things that make you especially well-suited for the job. For example, if you’re applying for an assistant job that requires being highly organized and you neurotically track your household finances in a detailed, color-coded spreadsheet, most hiring managers would love to know that because it says something about the kind of attention to detail you’d bring to the job. That’s not something you could put on your résumé, but it can go in your cover letter.

Or maybe your last boss told you that you were the most accurate data processor she’d ever seen, or came to rely on you as her go-to person whenever a lightning-fast rewrite was needed. Maybe your co-workers called you “the client whisperer” because of your skill in calming upset clients. Maybe you’re regularly sought out by more senior staff to help problem-solve, or you find immense satisfaction in bringing order to chaos. Those sorts of details illustrate what you bring to the job in a different way than your résumé does, and they belong in your cover letter.

If you’re still stumped, pretend you’re writing an email to a friend about why you’d be great at the job. You probably wouldn’t do that by stiffly reciting your work history, right? You’d talk about what you’re good at and how you’d approach the work. That’s what you want here.

You don’t need a creative opening line.

If you think you need to open the letter with something creative or catchy, I am here to tell you that you don’t. Just be simple and straightforward:

• “I’m writing to apply for your X position.”

• “I’d love to be considered for your X position.”

• “I’m interested in your X position because …”

• “I’m excited to apply for your X position.”

That’s it! Straightforward is fine — better, even, if the alternative is sounding like an aggressive salesperson.

Show, don’t tell.

A lot of cover letters assert that the person who wrote it would excel at the job or announce that the applicant is a skillful engineer or a great communicator or all sorts of other subjective superlatives. That’s wasted space — the hiring manager has no reason to believe it, and so many candidates claim those things about themselves that most managers ignore that sort of self-assessment entirely. So instead of simply declaring that you’re great at X (whatever X is), your letter should demonstrate that. And the way you do that is by describing accomplishments and experiences that illustrate it.

Here’s a concrete example taken from one extraordinarily effective cover-letter makeover that I saw. The candidate had originally written, “I offer exceptional attention to detail, highly developed communication skills, and a talent for managing complex projects with a demonstrated ability to prioritize and multitask.” That’s pretty boring and not especially convincing, right? (This is also exactly how most people’s cover letters read.)

In her revised version, she wrote this instead:

“In addition to being flexible and responsive, I’m also a fanatic for details — particularly when it comes to presentation. One of my recent projects involved coordinating a 200-page grant proposal: I proofed and edited the narratives provided by the division head, formatted spreadsheets, and generally made sure that every line was letter-perfect and that the entire finished product conformed to the specific guidelines of the RFP. (The result? A five-year, $1.5 million grant award.) I believe in applying this same level of attention to detail to tasks as visible as prepping the materials for a top-level meeting and as mundane as making sure the copier never runs out of paper.”

That second version is so much more compelling and interesting — and makes me believe that she really is great with details.

If there’s anything unusual or confusing about your candidacy, address it in the letter.

Your cover letter is your chance to provide context for things that otherwise might seem confusing or less than ideal to a hiring manager. For example, if you’re overqualified for the position but are excited about it anyway, or if you’re a bit underqualified but have reason to think you could excel at the job, address that up front. Or if your background is in a different field but you’re actively working to move into this one, say so, talk about why, and explain how your experience will translate. Or if you’re applying for a job across the country from where you live because you’re hoping to relocate to be closer to your family, let them know that.

If you don’t provide that kind of context, it’s too easy for a hiring manager to decide you’re the wrong fit or applying to everything you see or don’t understand the job description and put you in the “no” pile. A cover letter gives you a chance to say, “No, wait — here’s why this could be a good match.”

Keep the tone warm and conversational.

While there are some industries that prize formal-sounding cover letters — like law — in most fields, yours will stand out if it’s warm and conversational. Aim for the tone you’d use if you were writing to a co-worker whom you liked a lot but didn’t know especially well. It’s okay to show some personality or even use humor; as long as you don’t go overboard, your letter will be stronger for it.

Don’t use a form letter.

You don’t need to write every cover letter completely from scratch, but if you’re not customizing it to each job, you’re doing it wrong. Form letters tend to read like form letters, and they waste the chance to speak to the specifics of what this employer is looking for and what it will take to thrive in this particular job.

If you’re applying for a lot of similar jobs, of course you’ll end up reusing language from one letter to the next. But you shouldn’t have a single cover letter that you wrote once and then use every time you apply; whatever you send should sound like you wrote it with the nuances of this one job in mind.

A good litmus test is this: Could you imagine other applicants for this job sending in the same letter? If so, that’s a sign that you haven’t made it individualized enough to you and are probably leaning too heavily on reciting your work history.

No, you don’t need to hunt down the hiring manager’s name.

If you read much job-search advice, at some point you’ll come across the idea that you need to do Woodward and Bernstein–level research to hunt down the hiring manager’s name in order to open your letter with “Dear Matilda Jones.” You don’t need to do this; no reasonable hiring manager will care. If the name is easily available, by all means, feel free to use it, but otherwise “Dear Hiring Manager” is absolutely fine. Take the hour you just freed up and do something more enjoyable with it.

Keep it under one page.

If your cover letters are longer than a page, you’re writing too much, and you risk annoying hiring managers who are likely sifting through hundreds of applications and don’t have time to read lengthy tomes. On the other hand, if you only write one paragraph, it’s unlikely that you’re making a compelling case for yourself as a candidate — not impossible, but unlikely. For most people, something close to a page is about right.

Don’t agonize over the small details.

What matters most about your cover letter is its content. You should of course ensure that it’s well-written and thoroughly proofread, but many job seekers agonize over elements of the letter that really don’t matter. I get tons of  questions from job seekers  about whether they should attach their cover letter or put it in the body of the email (answer: No one cares, but attaching it makes it easier to share and will preserve your formatting), or what to name the file (again, no one really cares as long as it’s reasonably professional, but when people are dealing with hundreds of files named “resume,” it’s courteous to name it with your full name).

Approaching your cover letter like this can make a huge difference in your job search. It can be the thing that moves your application from the “maybe” pile (or even the “no” pile) to the “yes” pile. Of course, writing cover letters like this will take more time than sending out the same templated letter summarizing your résumé — but 10 personalized, compelling cover letters are likely to get you more  interview invitations  than 50 generic ones will.

• ‘I Had a Great Job Interview — Why Haven’t I Heard Back?’
• How to Answer ‘Tell Me About Yourself’ in a Job Interview

• Sample Letters

FREE 6+ Enclosure Cover Letter Templates in MS Word | PDF

Nowadays, it is a basic necessity to send in a cover letter writing alongside your resume whenever you are applying for employments. The reason for these letters are to essentially introduce yourself, it tells the employer why you are a qualified contender for the position, and it gives more information about what you have written in your resume.

Enclosure Cover Letter

Sample job cover letter - 7+ documents in pdf, word, 5 reasons why you should customize your cover letter, 14+ proper letter formats - free sample, example, format.

Having the capacity to make a solid cover letter can help you get more interviews. With the assistance of the Sample Cover Letters  introduced in this article, you are certain to be able to draft one that would speak about what a dynamic applicant you are and that you are looking forward to building a profession with the organization you are applying for.

Sample Business Cover Letter Enclosure

Job Cover Letter Enclosure Sample

Size: 15 KB

Legal Cover Letter Enclosure Example

Example Cover Letter Enclosure

Size: 17 KB

Purpose of Using a Cover Letter

Cover letters fundamentally clarify and further explain the details of your resume and your purpose for wanting to be with the company. It underlines every skill and qualifications that will let the employers know that you are most ideal to be hired for the occupation. They are additionally effective to giving you a helping hand when it comes to putting your best foot forward despite not being able to meet the hiring manager yet.

Format of Cover Letters

• Header. This is the place you specify the business’ contact information and your own contact information as well.
• Salutation. It is dependably a smart thought to address the person who will be reading your cover letter. Do a snappy research regarding who is the HR director or the recruitment officer is.
• Introduction and Body. This is the part where you express what position you are applying for, how you found out about the employment opportunity, your capabilities, and what you can offer the organization. Bear in mind to express your appreciation since they set aside a little time to look over your application.
• Closing Paragraph. Mention your enthusiasm for the employment opportunity and specify that you are anticipating getting an interview in order for them to get to know you better.
• Closing Salutation. End your letter courteously. “Sincerely,” or “Yours truly,” would be suitable for these letters.
• Signature. Bear in mind to affix your mark over your name. On the off chance that you are sending this as an e-mail, end it with your name and contact details.

You may also see  Receptionist Cover Letters .

Cover Letter Enclosure for Job Application

Size: 346 KB

Cover Letter Enclosure Notation

Size: 139 KB

Sample Letter with Enclosure and CC

Size: 52 KB

Why Use Cover Letter Samples?

Cover letter format are an extraordinary chance for candidates to exhibit and underline their qualities. It likewise tells the employers exactly how intrigued and energetic you are with the job vacancy. It gives you the ideal chance to sell yourself by highlighting the critical details about what you can offer the organization.

Utilizing a pre-designed cover letter gives you a chance to spare a ton of time and exertion when it comes to drafting one. You simply need to replace some of the words to fit with your own set of qualities and capabilities. These templates can likewise help you make a sample letter that is sufficiently noteworthy that will help you become a memorable candidate. This will then become your key to getting more interviews. The more interviews you get, the higher chances of getting hired.

Utilizing Cover Letter Samples

Using these are really easy. Simply pick the template with the layout and design you like and download it for free specifically from this page. They can be downloaded in either Word Document (.docx) and PDF (.pdf) file formats.

You might want to check out our Email Cover Letter Sample  if you want to send your cover letters through e-mail.

Related Posts

Sample visa invitation letter templates, how to write an application letter for employment [ with samples ], sample community service letter templates, sample commitment letter templates, sample application letter templates, letterhead samples, sample visa sponsorship letter templates, application letter templates, sample job application cover letter templates, formal excuse letter templates, leave letter templates, sick leave letter templates, free 10+ sample inform letter templates in pdf, free 13+ sample closing business letter templates in pdf | ms word | google docs | pages, 10 free notice to quit letter samples & templates, sample personal business letter - 9+ documents in pdf, word, sample job cover letter - 8+ examples in word, pdf, sample engineering cover letter - 7+ examples in pdf, sample teacher cover letter example - 12 + download free ....

A new EV charging station in Weymouth found a hack around a two-year backlog

The new electric vehicle fast-charging station next to a shawarma joint in Weymouth looks pretty much like any other: a metal cabinet the size of a refrigerator with two thick black charging cables and a big screen, set in front of a couple of reserved parking spaces in a strip mall.

But off to the side, hidden away in an enclosure, is something quite different from the typical charging setup: a bank of lithium-ion batteries that take up a full parking space.

The batteries allow the station to charge electric vehicles at high speed without a high-voltage connection to the electrical grid. It’s a clever hack that allowed owners Shawn Ward and Matt Kelcourse to avoid a multiyear backlog for electrical components and build the station in only six months.

Advertisement

Most other EV charging projects in the state, however, have been going the conventional route — and not getting very far, largely because of a vexing shortage of a basic but crucial piece of equipment: higher-voltage transformers. Wait times for the hulking gear can stretch more than two years, delaying a critical part of the state’s strategy to combat climate change that relies on persuading almost 1 million drivers to switch to EVs , 10 times the current level, by 2030.

And with other parts of the climate plan also relying on electrification, the transformer shortage threatens to short-circuit the entire effort at a time when scientists say the warming of the planet is accelerating.

In 2021, Massachusetts started a program to subsidize construction of 226 privately owned fast chargers, but almost three years later only 16 were in operation — and 10 of those in a single parking garage in the Seaport. The state is also getting about $60 million for charger installations under the 2021 federal infrastructure law, but hasn’t funded a single station yet.

The Weymouth charging station, at 850 Washington Street, uses technology from a West Coast startup called Electric Era. Founded by former SpaceX engineers in 2019, the company argues its gear can be installed in many more locations since it doesn’t require high-voltage connections and avoids reliability problems that have plagued much of the EV charging industry so far.

“One of the challenges with putting in charging stations is right now they are crazy consumers of power and the cost of putting in infrastructure is quite significant,” said Sam Reineman, Electric Era’s chief technology officer. “Basically, we’re using batteries to help solve that problem.”

The Weymouth station is one of the first in operation for Electric Era and its first in New England.

The battery can be recharged by conventional (single-phase) transformers, which utility National Grid added to a pole across the street. The gray, barrel-shaped transformers, commonly seen hanging off utility poles, are not in short supply, unlike higher-voltage ones required for fast-charging stations without a battery. Stringing a wire across the two-lane state roadway to connect to the charger required installing a new pole and curb alongside the charging station. That meant getting permission from state and town authorities.

But requirements for building permits and other paperwork in Massachusetts are “not horrific compared to some of the other places we’ve done stuff,” said Gary Lavoie, vice president of construction for Ward and Kelcourse’s contractor, Inovis Energy. Approvals for building EV stations in New York, Virginia, and Texas were harder, he said.

Ward and Kelcourse did not participate in either of the large government subsidy programs, but did get support from National Grid to cover the cost of electric infrastructure upgrades, and tax credits for locating the station in a low-income “environmental justice” community. The aid covered about half of the roughly $250,000 total construction cost, Ward said.

Most other EV charging-station projects in the state use traditional equipment without batteries, albeit from larger and more established manufacturers.

“The cheapest way to do it is definitely to connect right to the grid at high voltage,” said Kenneth Gillingham, a professor of economics at Yale University who has studied the EV transition. “But there are a lot of locations where there are no high-voltage lines around.”

The state started accepting applications for its subsidy program in March 2021 and about a year later approved plans for 226 chargers at privately owned sites such as an Applegreen convenience store in Springfield, a Shell gas station in Canton, a Burger King in Bridgewater, and a Pride convenience store in Chicopee.

Recipients got $50,000 per charger, which were supposed to be up and running within two years of signing contracts with the state, but almost none has met the deadline. Developers for about three-dozen chargers have since pulled out of the program, mostly because it turned out a site couldn’t get a sufficient power connection from the grid or the sponsors lost interest.

Another 60 chargers have gotten extensions from the state, while 115 chargers are in process, according to data in January from the state Department of Environmental Protection. The agency “is committed to supporting the state’s electrification of the transportation sector,” spokesman Ed Coletta said in a statement to the Globe. “We are working closely with ... grantees to ensure we get charging stations online as quickly as possible.”

Global Partners LP, which owns more than 100 gas stations in the state, is one of the few award-winners with an EV charging station in operation. It’s in the parking lot of an XtraMart convenience and gas station on Providence Street in Worcester. (Global has another starting construction in Hopkinton and is completing permitting for one in Billerica.)

Global applied under the state program for just four of its locations to test the EV market, said James Cater, its senior director for innovation and sustainability. The four sites had sufficient parking space, convenient amenities, and — most importantly — access to 480-volt power supply. The state grant program also incentivized placements in low- and moderate-income areas.

Said Cater: “480-volt power doesn’t necessarily grow on trees.”

Global’s experience is typical of EV station developers in the state program facing delays. Drawing up contracts with the state, obtaining permits and permissions, and working with utilities all took time. But the biggest hurdle has been getting the transformers.

“We’re still seeing timelines a year to two years, in some cases, for delivery,” Cater said. “It’s a little disheartening, especially when you’re trying to build these things out.”

The battery-based approach has not appealed to Global and most other large charging station developers, including Tesla and Electrify America. They’re not convinced battery stations are worth the higher cost and are wary of relying on small startups; an Electric Era rival called FreeWire laid off more than 100 workers in May.

A typical DC fast charger costs about $50,000 per port but a battery-powered one can be up to double the cost, according to a 2023 study by the Institute of Transportation Studies at University of California, Davis.

“It sounds great in concept,” Cater said. “My initial issue with it is: Does this pay back? And is this more of a hassle because now I have two pieces of technology instead of one?”

Electric Era said upfront costs for its systems are only 20 percent to 50 percent more than conventional systems and are cheaper to install and maintain. Battery systems can also minimize additional utility charges based on the maximum amount of electricity used during a month, known as demand charges. But Massachusetts has sharply reduced demand charges for EV stations.

Kansas-based EV station developer HiON is developing about 20 sites in Massachusetts in parking lots of Burger Kings that are backed by the state’s subsidy program. Transformer shortages and utility wait times have delayed the buildout, chief executive Jim Frank said. But adding big batteries or solar panels on site would be too expensive, he said.

“If I did that at every [site] right now, we’d only be putting out a fraction of the ports and we would run through an awful lot of important build capital,” Frank said. “The key is that we build out the infrastructure right now with the capability to layer on those technologies when it’s time.”

As for the federal infrastructure bill, the Massachusetts Department of Transportation recently finalized contracts with three firms , including Global Partners, to build stations along major highways. New stations are not likely to come online for at least a year.

The battery-powered Weymouth station charges 43 cents per kilowatt-hour of power, in line with other fast-charging stations in the area, although a ChargePoint station in Scituate charges 35 cents.

Ward said he is willing to experiment with pricing and hopes to draw more business as EVs become more popular. “I’d love to own a hundred of these,” he said.

Aaron Pressman can be reached at [email protected] . Follow him @ampressman .

Preparing for pandas: Renovated habitat spaces ready as San Diego Zoo awaits final approval

The zoo is awaiting approval of a federal permit that will allow it to import Yun Chuan and Xin Bao into the U.S. from China, likely this summer

• Show more sharing options
• Copy Link URL Copied!

When two giant pandas move to the San Diego Zoo — possibly in the next month or two — they will get twice the amount of space as used by the last panda pair — more room in which to roll around, munch bamboo and just be cute. Plus a neighboring habitat is set up for them, too.

The zoo will host the black-and-white duo under a loan from China for the next decade, at a cost of $1 million a year. The zoo’s plans for conservation research, as well as details of the deal with the China Wildlife Conservation Alliance and specifics on panda habitat renovations, are laid out in newly released documents.

This story is for subscribers

We offer subscribers exclusive access to our best journalism. Thank you for your support.

But before China can send pandas Yun Chuan and Xin Bao to San Diego, the zoo has to secure an import permit from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, which regulates the movement of animals protected under the Endangered Species Act.

Zoo officials have repeatedly declined requests to share details about their panda preparations. However, the zoo’s 168-page permit application offers a glimpse into the pending arrival. It outlines in broad strokes the zoo’s proposed conservation research, which seeks to help captive pandas as well as those in the wild. It also includes financial and animal-care details — things like how much insurance will cover the pandas’ stay, who will accompany the pair on the long trip from China, and how long any cubs born in the U.S. might be able to stay.

And it reveals words the zoo and Chinese wildlife officials agreed to use — and not use — when talking about their arrangements.

San Diego last hosted the beloved black-and-white bears in 2019. When the previous loan came to an end, zoo visitors bade farewell to Xiao Liwu and his mother, Bai Yun.

Pandas first came to the San Diego Zoo in 1987 under an exhibition loan. They returned in 1996 under a conservation agreement focused on improving panda reproduction. The zoo’s program was very successful, producing six cubs, and its scientists helped develop techniques credited with keeping young pandas alive.

Hopes for a new panda loan took shape late last year after Chinese President Xi Jinping told San Francisco business leaders in November that California would get pandas in 2024 — and mentioned San Diego by name. That speech was delivered just days after the National Zoo in Washington, D.C., sent its three pandas back. China owns and leases all giant pandas in U.S. zoos.

Since then, China has entered into loan agreements not only with San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance but with the San Francisco Zoo and the National Zoo, which announced Wednesday it expects to receive two pandas by the end of the year. Money paid under panda loans go toward China’s conservation efforts.

The terms of San Diego’s agreement became public as part of the zoo’s permit application. Among its provisions: It calls for the zoo to provide $1 million in death insurance per panda before they are transported from China, and an equal amount of coverage during the animals’ stay. If a panda dies while at the zoo, Chinese officials are to immediately be notified and will send experts to carry out a postmortem. Any cubs born in the U.S. will be sent back to China when they are 2 to 4 years old.

It also calls for a visiting Chinese scholar to stay in San Diego for six months — with a new one selected every three years — and says animal-care staff will make periodic visits here to check on the animals. The zoo will cover their travel and accommodations and pay the personnel $100 to $150 per day.

The agreement also covers language to be used when the zoo discusses the pandas in “publicity and public education.” Terms such as lease, rental, loan agreement or contract are not to be used. The preferred description is a “conservation cooperative agreement.”

As for money paid in exchange for the pandas? The agreement addresses that, too: “The ‘Conservation Cooperative Fund’ shall not be expressed as ‘rent,’ ‘lease fee’ and ‘loan exhibition fee,’ etc.”

One fan-favorite aspect of the previous panda loan — the live panda cam, which allowed people to follow the animals’ antics on the zoo website — may change a bit. The agreement limits use of the 24-hour surveillance footage.

“No live, real time streaming to the outside or similar activities shall be conducted; however, video footage or images that are first reviewed, edited when necessary, and approved by (the zoo) maybe be used for publicity and educational use,” the agreement said. Zoo officials did not respond to questions about the panda cam.

According to the zoo’s application, the pandas’ primary housing will be a combination of its original panda habitat, which was being remodeled to provide “a larger footprint” — plus a second, adjacent enclosure being renovated for panda use. Drawings indicated the buildings would be connected to allow animal transfers to be made.

The zoo told regulators the work was expected to be completed before the pandas arrived. It detailed several other enclosures as contingency plans.

It will have the capacity to house up to four bears.

After the zoo’s permit application was made public April 25, 10 individuals and groups submitted feedback during a public comment period, which closed last week. Most were supportive — the House of China International Cottage in Balboa Park said it “enthusiastically endorses” the application while the Association of Zoos and Aquariums called the proposed panda research crucial to the species.

Voicing opposition was Friends of Animals, which describes itself as a nonprofit international advocacy group. In an 11-page letter, the group criticized the zoo’s plans and said many of the zoo’s goals do not require “shipping vulnerable animals halfway around the world.”

“Keeping these pandas in artificial habitats cruelly limits their natural behavior and encourages people to pay money to gawk at them,” wrote an attorney for the group. “Lastly, by importing giant pandas into the United States, (Fish and Wildlife Service) and American zoos are allowing China to continue exploiting pandas for diplomatic and commercial gain.”

San Diego has collaborated with Chinese research partners on pandas for decades, and officials credit that partnership with helping bring the species back from the brink of extinction. During the last loan, scientists developed milk formula and other neonatal techniques that dramatically increased survival rates for nursery-reared cubs. Scientists also orchestrated the first successful artificial insemination of a giant panda outside of China.

With numbers climbing in the wild and in captivity, the species was downgraded from endangered to vulnerable by the International Union for Conservation of Nature in 2016. But climate change, habitat fragmentation and population isolation continue to threaten the future of giant pandas. In its application, the zoo says its conservation plan is framed by a concept it called “One Health,” which recognizes the health of wildlife, people and the ecosystems they share are inextricably linked.

It is unclear how quickly the Fish and Wildlife Service will reach a decision on the import permit.

Get Essential San Diego, weekday mornings

Get top headlines from the Union-Tribune in your inbox weekday mornings, including top news, local, sports, business, entertainment and opinion.

You may occasionally receive promotional content from the San Diego Union-Tribune.

More from this Author

Public Safety

Beaches closed after swimmer suffers ‘significant’ injury from shark bite in Del Mar

June 2, 2024

Woman, 30, suffers life-threatening injuries after being struck by suspected DUI driver who police said ran red light

Take-home cars? $30K bonuses? How agencies across San Diego are sweetening the deal to recruit police officers

May 26, 2024

Alleged thieves suspected of following man from ATM and stealing thousands from parked car in El Cajon

May 20, 2024

Man holding infant daughter shot by San Diego police after allegedly threatening girlfriend

17-year-old boy fatally shot in san marcos parking lot.

May 16, 2024

More in this section

Environment

The trouble with nurdles, the plastic pollution you may not know about

San Diego environmentalists send railroad cargo company notice of pending pollution lawsuit

June 1, 2024

Dredging resumes at Oceanside harbor, sand spreading south of city’s pier

Contractor Manson Construction could continue up to two more weeks to get expected 250,000 cubic yards of sediment

May 30, 2024

NASA gives UCSD $10 million to develop ideas for using satellites to scrutinize Earth’s changing climate

The money will be split between researchers Helen Fricker and Sarah Gille, who are working on separate concepts for examining Earth from the high frontier

May 29, 2024

From earthquakes to early humans to the tiniest wildlife in local canyons, here’s what 10 San Diego researchers are studying — and where

How do dolphins communicate? How do people cope with climate change? How did pandemic patterns affect the Sierra Nevada? Local researchers are exploring these questions and more in their summer field research.

San Diego’s unusual deal to settle asbestos violations? Planting thousands of trees

The city’s deal with the Air Pollution Control District over violations at a firefighter training facility and other city workplaces calls for $4.7 million for a tree-planting program

May 25, 2024

At Three Sisters Falls, new trail amenities and Kumeyaay name aim to help ‘revive the narrative of the land’

Hikers should expect new toilets, new wildfire safety infrastructure and a new parking lot at the trailhead, too.