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Criminology Theses and Dissertations

Theses/dissertations from 2024 2024.

Sociocultural Factors, Definitions, and Experiences of Intimate Partner Violence Among Latina and Hispanic Women , Vanessa Centelles

Theses/Dissertations from 2023 2023

Efficacy of Online Social Movements for Sparking Change: The Case of the Missing Murdered and Indigenous Women Movement (#MMIW) , Kacy A. Bleeker

An Examination of Racial Disparities in Arrest Across Florida Counties, 1998-2018: A Test of the Racial Threat and Political Representation Hypotheses , Xavier D. Burch

The Invisible Victims of Commercial Sexual Exploitation: Boys and Their Barriers to Access to Services , Amanda L. Connella

Damned & Damned: Examining Vexatious Litigation and the Vexatious Litigant Statute in Florida Courts , Sarah L. Harper

The Contributions of Mental Health Issues, Traumatic Brain Injury, and Adverse Childhood Experiences to Recidivism Among Rural Jail Incarcerees , Lauren N. Miley

Assessing the Relationship Between True Crime Documentary and Podcast Consumption, Fear of Crime, and Protective Behaviors , Lauren A. Tremblay

Police Officers’ Perceptions of Gunshot Detection Technology , Courtney L. Weber

Theses/Dissertations from 2022 2022

A Macro Social Examination of the Relationship Between Disabilities and Crime Using Neighborhood and County Level Data , Natasha A. Baloch

Racial Differences in Perceptions of Sanction Severity , Sarah L. Franklin

Juvenile Homicide Offenders: A Life-Course Perspective , Norair Khachatryan

Exploring the Effectiveness of a Life-Skills Program in a Florida Prison Through a Social Bond and General Strain Theory Perspective , Danielle M. Thomas

Theses/Dissertations from 2021 2021

Clean Water for All: Examining Safe Drinking Water Act Violations of Water Systems and Community Characteristics , Junghwan Bae

Morality and Offender Decision-Making: Testing the Empirical Relationship and Examining Methodological Implications , Jacquelyn Burckley

The Ring of Gyges 2.0: How Anonymity Providing Behaviors Affect Willingness to Participate in Online Deviance , Cassandra E. Dodge

A Macro Analysis of Illegal Hunting and Fishing Across Texas Counties: Using an Economic Structural Approach , Leo J. Genco Jr.

Self-Protection in Cyberspace: Assessing the Processual Relationship Between Thoughtfully Reflective Decision Making, Protection Motivation Theory, Cyber Hygiene, and Victimization , C. Jordan Howell

Racial Threat Theory: A Test of the Economic Threat Hypothesis , Carl L. Reeds

Online Perceptions of Panamanian Prisons and Incarcerated persons: An analysis of YouTube user comments , Mahaleth J. Sotelo

Theses/Dissertations from 2020 2020

Toxic Colonialism and Green Victimization of Native Americans: An Examination of the Genocidal Impacts of Uranium Mining , Averi R. Fegadel

Cross-National Incarceration Rates as Behavior of Law , Christopher J. Marier

The Effects of Perceived Motivations and Mental Distress on the Likelihood of Reporting and Engaging in Self-Protective Measures Among Victims of Stalking , Daniela Oramas Mora

Mental Health and In-Prison Experiences: Examining Socioeconomic and Sex Differences in the Effect of Mental Illness on Institutional Misconduct and Disciplinary Segregation , Rachel E. Severson

Theses/Dissertations from 2019 2019

Dating Application Facilitated Victimization: An Examination of Lifestyle-Routine Activities, Self-Control, and Self-Efficacy , Vanessa Centelles

Social Constructionism and Cultivation Theory in Development of the Juvenile “Super-Predator” , Elizabeth R. Jackson-Cruz

Bystander Intervention, Victimization, and Routine Activities Theory: An Examination of Feminist Routine Activities Theory in Cyber Space , Jennifer A. Leili

Sexual Assault and Robbery Disclosure: An Examination of Black’s Theory of the Behavior of Law , Caitlyn N. Muniz

Mass Shootings and Gun Sales: A Study on the Influence of Red and Blue Power , Maria Jose Rozo Osuna

A Multi-dimensional Macrolevel Study of Drug Enforcement Strategies, Heroin Prices, and Heroin Consumption Rates , Alexander G. Toth

Theses/Dissertations from 2018 2018

The Impact of a Religious/Spiritual Turning Point on Desistance: A Lifecourse Assessment of Racial/Ethnic Differences , Rhissa Briones Robinson

Political Decisions on Police Expenditures: Examining the Potential Relationship Between Political Structure, Police Expenditures and the Volume of Crime Across US States , Xavier D. Burch

Identifying the Personal and Perceived Organizational Characteristics Associated with Job Satisfaction Among Juvenile Probation Staff , Julie M. Krupa

The Role of Organizational Justice in Predicting Attitudes Toward Body-Worn Cameras in Police Officers , Nathaniel L. Lawshe

Yet Another Ferguson Effect: An Exploratory Content Analysis of News Stories on Police Brutality and Deadly Force Before and After the Killing of Michael Brown , Carl Root

The Role of Race/Ethnicity and Risk Assessment on Juvenile Case Outcomes , Tayler N. Shreve

Theses/Dissertations from 2017 2017

Intimate Partner Violence and the Capacity and Desire for Self-Control , Krista Taralynne Brewer

School Shootings in the United States from 1997 to 2012: A Content Analysis of Media Coverage , Victoria N. Iannuzzi

Chronic Runaway Youth: A Gender-Based Analysis , Michelle N. Jeanis

A Test of Wikström’s Situational Action Theory Using Self-Report Data on Intimate Partner Violence , Lauren Nicole Miley

An Exploratory Study of Macro-Social Correlates of Online Property Crime , Hyojong Song

Female Incarceration and Prison Social Order: An Examination of Gender Differences in Prison Misconduct and In-Prison Punishments , Elisa L. Toman

Adverse Childhood Experiences and Their Role as Mitigators for Youthful and Non-Youthful Offenders in Capital Sentencing Cases , Jessica R. Trapassi

Theses/Dissertations from 2016 2016

Disinhibition, Violence Exposure, and Delinquency: A Test of How Self-Control Affects the Impact of Exposure to Violence , Wyatt Brown

The Guilty But Mentally Ill Verdict: Assessing the Impact of Informing Jurors of Verdict Consequences , Erin Elizabeth Cotrone

The Relationship between Psychopathic Personality Traits and Lying , Jason A. Dobrow

Delving into the Heart of Victimization Risk: Examining the Interactive Relationship between Demographic Factors and Context , Amy Sheena Eggers

A Power Conflict Approach to Animal Cruelty: Examining How Economic Power Influences the Creation of Animal Cruelty Laws , Leonard J. Genco

The Role of Gender in Self-Control and Intimate Partner Violence , Laura Marie Gulledge

The Restrictive Deterrent Effect of Warning Banners in a Compromised Computer System , Christian Jordan-Michael Howell

Tactics of Sexual Control and Negative Health Outcomes , Anna Elizabeth Kleppe

The Applicability of Criminology to Terrorism Studies: An Exploratory Study of ISIS Supporters in the United States , Amanda Marie Sharp Parker

The Path to Violent Behavior: The Harmful Aftermath of Childhood Trauma , Nicholas Michael Perez

The Effects of Racial Bias on Perceptions of Intimate Partner Violence Scenarios , Batya Yisraela Rubenstein

Theses/Dissertations from 2015 2015

Reel or Reality? The Portrayal of Prostitution in Major Motion Pictures , Raleigh Blasdell

Psychopathy and Perception of Vulnerability , Barbara Joyce Dinkins

Effect of Empathy on Death Penalty Support in Relation to the Racial Divide and Gender Gap , Brian Godcharles

Exploring the Interactive Effects of Social Learning Theory and Psychopathy on Serious Juvenile Delinquency , Brandy Barenna Henderson

Tampa Electric Company's Big Bend Utility Plant in Hillsborough County, Florida: A Case Study , Lynne M. Hodalski-Champagne

Thirty Year Follow-Up of Juvenile Homicide Offenders , Norair Khachatryan

Organized Crime in Insurance Fraud: An Empirical Analysis of Staged Automobile Accident Rings , Chris Longino

The Role of Social Support in the Disclosure and Recovery Process of Rape Victims , Jessica Nicole Mitchell

Evaluating the Social Control of Banking Crimes: An Examination of Anti-Money Laundering Deficiencies and Industry Success , Erin M. Mulligan

Elite Deviance, Organized Crime, and Homicide: A Cross-National Quantitative Analysis , Carol L.s. Trent

An Evaluation of the Utah First District Mental Health Court: Gauging the Efficacy of Diverting Offenders Suffering With Serious Mental Illness , Stephen Guy VanGeem

Rape, Race, and Capital Punishment in North Carolina: A Qualitative Approach to Examining an Enduring Cultural Legacy , Douglas Wholl

Theses/Dissertations from 2014 2014

The Tattoo: A Mark of Subversion, Deviance, or Mainstream Self-Expression? , Jocelyn Camacho

Juvenile and Adult Involvement in Double Parricide and Familicide in the U.S.: An Empirical Analysis of 20 Years of Data , Averi Rebekah Fegadel

Predicting Successful Drug Court Graduation: Exploring Demographic and Psychosocial Factors among Medication-Assisted Drug Court Treatment Clients , Autumn Michelle Frei

Experimentally Evaluating Statistical Patterns of Offending Typology For Burglary: A Replication Study , Lance Edwin Gilmore

Developmental Trajectories of Physical Aggression and Nonaggressive Rule-Breaking among At-risk Males and Females during Late Childhood and Early Adolescence , Eugena Givens

Predicting Fear of Crime using a Multilevel and Multi-Model Approach: A Study in Hillsborough County , Jonathan Maskaly

Public Knowledge and Sentiments about Elite Deviance , Cedric Michel

The Influence of Community Context on Social Control: A Multi-Level Examination of the Relationship between Race/Ethnicity, Drug Offending, and Juvenile Court Outcomes , Jennifer Peck

Theses/Dissertations from 2013 2013

Assessing the Relationship Between Hotspots of Lead and Hotspots of Crime , Kimberly L. Barrett

A Life-Course Approach to Sexual Offending: Examining the Continuity of Juvenile Sexual Offending into Adulthood and Subsequent Patterns of Recidivism , Maude Beaudry-Cyr

Examining the link between self-control and misconduct in a multi-agency sample of police supervisors: A test of two theories , Christopher Matthew Donner

The Impact of Hyperfemininity on Explicit and Implicit Blame Assignment and Police Reporting of Alcohol Facilitated Rape in a Sample of College Women , Sarah Ehlke

Rurality and Intimate Partner Homicide: Exploring the Relationship between Place, Social Structure, and Femicide in North Carolina , Amelia Kirkland

Self-Control, Attitudinal Beliefs, and White-Collar Crime Intentions , Melissa Anne Lugo

Zero Tolerance for Marginal Populations: Examining Neoliberal Social Controls in American Schools , Brian Gregory Sellers

State-Corporate Crime in the Democratic Republic of Congo , Veronica Jane Winters

Theses/Dissertations from 2012 2012

The Walls Are Closing In: Comparing Property Crime Victimization Risk In Gated And Non-Gated Communities , Nicholas Branic

What Propels Sexual Homicide Offenders? Testing an Integrated Theory of Social Learning and Routine Activities Theories , Heng Choon Chan

A Deadly Way of Doing Business: A Case Study of Corporate Crime in the Coal Mining Industry , Charles Nickolas Stickeler

Deconstructing the "Power and Control Motive": Developing and Assessing the Measurability of Internal Power , Shelly Marie Wagers

Theses/Dissertations from 2011 2011

Assessing racial differences in offending trajectories: A life-course view of the race-crime relationship , Michael S. Caudy

Mental Health Courts Effectiveness in Reducing Recidivism and Improving Clinical Outcomes: A Meta-Analysis , Brittany Cross

General Strain Theory and Juvenile Delinquency: A Cross-Cultural Study , Wen-Hsu Lin

General Strain Theory, Race, and Delinquency , Jennifer Peck

Developmental Trajectories of Self-Control: Assessing the Stability Hypothesis , James Vance Ray

Explaining the "Female Victim Effect" in Capital Sentencing Decisions: A Case for Sex-Specific Models of Capital Sentencing Research , Tara N. Richards

A Multilevel Model of Police Corruption: Anomie, Decoupling, and Moral Disengagement , Ruth Zschoche

Theses/Dissertations from 2010 2010

The Emotional Guardianship of Foreign-Born and Native-Born Hispanic Youth and Its Effect on Violent Victimization , Amy Sheena Eggers

The Influence of Narcissism and Self-Control on Reactive Aggression , Melissa L. Harrison

Is There an "Innocent Female Victim" Effect in Capital Punishment Sentencing? , Amelia Lane Kirkland

An Analysis of the Influence of Sampling Methods on Estimation of Drug Use Prevalence and Patterns Among Arrestees in the United States: Implications for Research and Policy , Janine Kremling

A Pathway to Child Sex Trafficking in Prostitution: The Impact of Strain and Risk-Inflating Responses , Joan A. Reid

Victimization Among Individuals With Low Self-Control: Effects on Fear Versus Perceived Risk of Crime , Casey Williams

Theses/Dissertations from 2009 2009

Domestic Violence Within Law Enforcement Families: The Link Between Traditional Police Subculture and Domestic Violence Among Police , Lindsey Blumenstein

Rape Attitudes and Beliefs: A Replication Study , Rhissa Emily Briones

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Home > USC Columbia > Arts and Sciences > Criminology and Criminal Justice > Criminology and Criminal Justice Theses and Dissertations

Criminology and Criminal Justice Theses and Dissertations

Theses/dissertations from 2023 2023.

The Risk of Protection: Examining the Contextual Effects of Child Protective Services on Child Maltreatment Fatalities in the U.S. , Cosette Morgan McCullough

Family Mass Murder: An Exploratory Study Of The Role Of Arson , Rachel Rori Rodriguez Spradley

Theses/Dissertations from 2022 2022

Too Feminine for Execution?: Gender Stereotypes and the Media’s Portrayal of Women Sentenced to Death , Kelsey M. Collins

Juveniles, Transferred Juveniles, and the Impact of a Criminal Record on Employment Prospects in Adulthood: An Experimental Study , Joanna Daou

Theses/Dissertations from 2021 2021

Why So Long? Examining the Nexus Between Case Complexity and Delay in Florida’s Death Penalty System , Corey Daniel Burton

The Criminalization of HIV and HIV Stigma , Deanna Cann

Views of Substance Use During Pregnancy: Social Responses to the Issue , Taylor Ruddy

The Spatial Variability of Crime: A Review of Methodological Choice, Proposed Models, and Methods for Illustrating the Phenomenon , Matthew D. Spencer

Community Corrections Officer Decision-Making: An Intersectional Analysis , Amber Leigh Williams Wilson

Theses/Dissertations from 2020 2020

The Utility of Using Virtue Locales to Explain Criminogenic Environments , Hunter Max Boehme

Fostering Resilience in Correctional Officers , Jon Thomas Arthur Gist

The Impact of Race/Ethnicity on Sentencing: A Matching Approach , Travis Jones

Unraveling the Temporal Aspects of Victimization: The Reciprocal, Additive, and Cumulative Effects of Direct/Vicarious Victimization on Crime , Yeoju Park

Theses/Dissertations from 2019 2019

Media Influence on College Students' Perceptions of the Police , Matilda Foster

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Ohio's Certificate of Relief , Peter Leasure

Trends in the Prevalence of Arrest for Intimate Partner Violence Using the National Crime Victimization Survey , Tara E. Martin

Reading Between the Lines: An Intersectional Media Analysis of Female Sex Offenders in Florida Newspapers , Toniqua C. Mikell

Theses/Dissertations from 2018 2018

The Short-Term Self-Control Stability of College Students , Nicholas James Blasco

Developmental Patterns of Religiosity in Relation to Criminal Trajectories among Serious Offenders across Adolescence and Young Adulthood , Siying Guo

Local Incarceration As Social Control: A National Analysis Of Social, Economic, And Political Determinants Of Jail Use In The United States , Heather M. Ouellette

Association Between Perception Of Police Prejudice Against Minorities And Juvenile Delinquency , Kwang Hyun Ra

A Quasi-Experimental Analysis Of School-Based Situational Crime Prevention Measures , Gary Zhang

Theses/Dissertations from 2017 2017

Sex Offender Policies that Spin the Revolving Door: An Exploration of the Relationships Between Residence Restrictions, Homelessness, and Recidivism , Deanna Cann

Untangling the Interconnected Relationships between Alcohol Use, Employment, and Offending , Margaret M. Chrusciel

Inmate Time Utilization And Well-Being , Mateja Vuk

Theses/Dissertations from 2016 2016

The Socio-Legal Construction Of Adolescent Criminality: Examining Race, Community, And Contextual Factors Through The Lens Of Focal Concerns , Patrick Glen Lowery

The Impact Of Deinstitutionalization On Murders Of Law Enforcement Officers , Xueyi Xing

Theses/Dissertations from 2015 2015

Relationships Between Law Enforcement Officer-Involved Vehicle Collisions And Other Police Behaviors , John Andrew Hansen

In the Eye of the Beholder: Exploring the Dialogic Approach to Police Legitimacy , Justin Nix

Criminology on Crimes Against Humanity: A North Korean Case Study , Megan Alyssa Novak

General Strain Theory and Bullying Victimization: Do Parental Support and Control Alleviate the Negative Effects of Bullying , Jonathon Thompson

Theses/Dissertations from 2014 2014

Adultification in Juvenile Corrections: A Comparison of Juvenile and Adult Officers , Riane Miller Bolin

Perception of Police in Public Housing Communities , Taylor Brickley

Neighborhood Disorganization and Police Decision-Making in the New York City Police Department , Allison Carter

The Impact of Race on Strickland Claims in Federal Courts in the South , Wyatt Gibson

Lead Exposure and Crime , Tara Elaine Martin

GETTING AWAY WITH MURDER: HAZING, HEGEMONIC MASCULINITY, AND VICTIMIZATION , Toniqua Charee Mikell

Theses/Dissertations from 2013 2013

Policing Alcohol and Related Crimes On Campus , Andrea Nicole Allen

Gender and Programming: A Comparison of Program Availability and Participation in U.S. Prisons for Men and Women , Courtney A. Crittenden

Assessing the Impact of the Court Response to Domestic Violence in Two Neighboring Counties , Gillian Mira Pinchevsky

Theses/Dissertations from 2012 2012

Criminal Sentencing In the Court Communities of South Carolina: An Examination of offender, Judge, and County Characteristics , Rhys Hester

Examining the Effects of Religiosity and Religious Environments On Inmate Misconduct , Benjamin Dane Meade

Theses/Dissertations from 2011 2011

Criminologists' Opinions On Correctional Rehabilitation , Heather M. Ouellette

Theses/Dissertations from 2010 2010

A Qualitative Analysis of the Etiology, Manifestation, and Institutional Responses to Self-Injurious Behaviors in Prison , Steven Doty

Theses/Dissertations from 2002 2002

The Effects of Administrative Factors on Police Officer Job Performance , Irick Anthony Geary Jr.

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Home > College of Health & Human Sciences > CCJ > CCJ_THESES

Criminology and Criminal Justice Theses

Theses from 2023 2023.

Evaluating the Impact of Registry Status on Employment and Housing Outcomes , Lauryn T. Lockett

EXPLAINING YOUTH GUN VIOLENCE WITH THEORY INTERGRATION , Kamryn Kamryn Wade

Theses from 2022 2022

The Police and Residents at Hot Spots: Implications of Hot Spots Policing and Police-Resident Familiarity for Residents' Trust in, and Fear of, the Police , Rasheed Babatunde Ibrahim

MEDIA PORTRAYAL OF FILICIDE OFFENDERS , Rachel Rearden

Theses from 2021 2021

Exploring Factors Affecting Prison Misconduct in Japan , Hiroyuki Okado

OFFICER’S AWARENESS OF CAMERA DURING ENCOUNTERS WITH CITIZENS , OLOLADE OKANLAWON

TREATMENT GAINS IN ANTISOCIAL ATTITUDES AND MENTAL HEALTH IN RELATION TO CLIENT SATISFACTION , Syazana Binti Tajudeen

Theses from 2020 2020

THE GENDER TRENDS OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY DROP IN JAPAN , Mayumi Hando

Police Officer Coping: The Effect of Police Culture, Management, and Family , Megan Heflin-Brand

SUPPORT SERVICES WITH COMMUNITY MEMBER FOR CRIME REHABILITATION AND PREVENTION BY JAPANESE CLASSIFIATION HOMES , Ayuchi Yamaoka

Theses from 2019 2019

TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND ORGANIZATIONAL PREPAREDNESS IN POLICING , Olasubomi David Ayeni

CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT: GENERAL STRAIN AND PROSOCIAL COPING THROUGH EMPLOYMENT , Rachel S. Berner

USING ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENTS TO PREDICT RECIDIVISM FOLLOWING A LIFESTYLE CHANGE PROGRAM , Emily Jane Cripps

Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design and Burglary Prevention: A Systematic Social Observation Approach , Kevin James Dobbins

OFFICER DE-ESCALATION AND USE OF FORCE: HOW POLICE DE-ESCALATE AN OFFICER-CITZEN INTERACTION , Conrad McLaughlin

Examining Factors of Prolonged Pretrial Detention in a Philippine Jail , Nicholas R. Murphy

INCREASED TRAFFIC ENFORCEMENT: A PLACE-BASED PREVENTIVE APPROACH TO MOTOR VEHICLE RELATED HARMS , Bradley Joseph O'Guinn

Desistance Typologies: An Examination of Desistance Strategies Used Between Offender Groups , Matthew J. Riordan

Theses from 2018 2018

Examination of the Relationship Between Transformational Leadership and Organizational Justice Among Police Officers , Allison Osborn

IS A POLICE OFFICER’S SENSE OF SELF-LEGITIMACY PREDICTIVE OF JOB SATISFACTION? , Molly Elizabeth Pyatt

CHANGES IN ANTISOCIAL ATTITUDES AND RECIDIVIST OUTCOMES , Maranda Rose Quillen

Police Legitimacy Across High-Crime Contexts: An Examination of Neighborhood-Level Expressive Concerns and Accumulated Experiences , Tyrell Spencer

Theses from 2017 2017

Using Expectancy Theory to Examine Barriers to Correctional Mental Health Treatment , Miranda Danielle Gibson

Theses from 2016 2016

AVERAGE DAILY TEMPERATURE AND SIMPLE AND AGGRAVATED ASSAULTS IN CHARLOTTE-MECKLENBERG COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA , Stephanie Dawn Box

Afraid to lose: The fear of falling's effect on white-collar crime , Zachary Hayes Kodatt

Asian Gangs in the United States: A Meta-Synthesis , Sou Lee

THE DETERRENT EFFECTS OF THE REVISED JUVENILE OFFENDER LAWS IN JAPAN , Kanu Maeda

The Relationship between Suicidal Ideation and Psychache among Incarcerated Female Offenders , Minori Maeda

The Inter-rater Reliability of the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised in Practical Field Settings , Yuko Matsushima

Does Social Learning Theory Predict Delinquency Differently Across Urban, Rural, and Suburban Areas? , Charles A. Payne

Theses from 2015 2015

Concealed Carry on a Midwestern College Campus , Joshua Aaron Abrams

A Qualitative Analysis of Substance Use and the Commission of Burglary , Geoffrey Loren Boise

Exploring Factors Affecting Crime Rates in Japan (1955-2012) , Dai Tanaka

Theses from 2014 2014

Procedural Justice and Domestic Violence: Victims' Satisfaction With Police and Willingness to Seek Help , Karla Keller Avelar

JUDAS KISS: HOW NEVER RATTING ON YOUR FRIENDS & ALWAYS KEEPING YOUR MOUTH SHUT DOES NOT APPLY TO STREET SNITCHES , Joseph John Pashea, Jr.

Theses from 2013 2013

Assessing Foreclosure and Crime at Street Segments in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina , Blake Richard Christenson

"Because I Like It? No, They Made Me Do It!!" Why Juveniles Engage In Sexting , Jennifer Ann Haegele

Deviant Peers, Opportunity, and Cyberbullying: A Theoretical Examination of a New Deviance , Charern Lee

An assessment of officer safety: Does departmental authorization of tasers reduce officer assault rates? , Daniel Carson Presley

Explaining the rising female incarceration trends in Japan (1970-2011) , Ayako Sasaki

Theses from 2012 2012

Perceived risk of homeland security incidents: The insignificance of actual risk factors , Melissa R. Haynes

Interactionist Labeling: Formal and Informal Labeling's Effects on Juvenile Delinquency , Daniel Ryan Kavish

Theses from 2011 2011

GEOSPATIAL ANALYSIS OF REPEAT & NEAR REPEAT RESIDENTIAL BURGLARIES , Grant Drawve

The Origins of Parochial Informal Social Control: Examining the Different Effects Among Individual and Neighborhood Influences of Crime Control , Christina Marie Oldham

POLICE PROGRAMS, CANINES, AND CONTINGENCY THEORY: AN EXPLANATION OF CANINE NUMBERS AMONG LARGE POLICE DEPARTMENTS , David Wayne Welker

Theses from 2010 2010

The Declining Health of Prisoners: Pains of Long-Term Incarceration vs. The Natural Aging Process , Brieanne F. Lonergan

PREDICTIVE VALIDITY OF THE YOUTH LEVEL OF SERVICE/CASE MANAGEMENT INVENTORY AMONG JAPANESE JUVENILE OFFENDERS , Masaru Takahashi

Theses from 2009 2009

Evaluating Residential Burglaries in a Small Midwestern City using Social Disorganization and Routine Activity Frameworks , Stanley James Howard

Theses from 2008 2008

The efficacy of community supervision , Takashi Seimiya

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Criminology and Criminal Justice Dissertations Collection

http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20233343

Affording a meaningful opportunity of release: legal representation of juvenile lifers.

Assessing deterrence in the FBI's Safe Streets gang initiative: a social network approach.

Autistic and at-risk: the public and personal safety of children with autism spectrum disorders.

Background justice: the political context of adolescent legal socialization.

Bureaucracy and law: a study of Chinese criminal courts and social media.

Clearances, cameras, and community violence: police outcomes in an organizational and community context.

College students and the illicit use of prescription drugs: a test of general strain theory.

A comparison of the individual-, county-, and state-level correlates of homicide and mass murder

Contextualizing the political economy of juvenile court decision-making

Crime, place, and networks in the age of the internet: the case of online-promoted illicit massage businesses.

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Our PhD alumni study crime, order and security from a variety of disciplinary perspectives and theoretical approaches. Use the list below to expore the range of areas our doctoral students have explored over the years.

Where available, theses are linked to TSpace , the University of Toronto's research repository, or else to the  UofT Libraries  Catalogue.

Giancarlo Fiorella, 2023 (Supv. Professor Beatrice Jauregui):  Spectralities at the Protest Chronotope: Venezuela’s Colectivos and the Opposition Social Imaginary

Serdar San, 2023 (Supv. Professor Matthew Light):  Policing and Police Reform in Turkey since 1980: Regime Transitions and Policing Transformations

Fernando Ramon Avila, 2023 (Supv. Professor Kelly Hannah-Moffat): "The Scars Remain." Power, Solidarity, and Punishment in an Atypical Latin American Prison

Grant John Valentine, 2023 (Supv. Professor Paula Maurutto):  The Canadian Punitive Paradox: The Evolution of Conservative Political Marketing Practices and the Late Onset of Penal Populism in Canadian Federal Politics

Jihyun Kwon, 2023 (Supv. Professor Audrey Macklin, Professor Kelly Hannah-Moffat):  Misconduct Mismanagement: Independent Oversight, Accountability, and the Rule of Law

Erick Laming, 2022 (Supv. Professor Scot Wortley): Police Use of Force: Understanding its Impact on Indigenous and Black Community Members in Ontario

Dikla Yogev, 2022 (Supv. Professor Matthew Light): Religion and Police Legitimacy: the Case of Israel’s Haredi Community

Luis Valentin Pereda Aguado, 2021 (Supv. Professor Matthew Light):  Processes of Violence in Mexico’s Organized Crime Groups: A Study of Los Zetas

Julius Haag, 2021 (Supv. Professor Scot Wortley):  A Qualitative Examination of the Impacts of Police Practices on Racialized and Marginalized Young People in Toronto

Jacquie Briggs, 2021, (Supv. Professor Emerita Mariana Valverde): Networks of Colonial Governance: Department of Indian Affairs Legal Aid in Canada, 1870 to 1970

Grace Tran, 2021 (Supv. Professor Audrey Macklin, Professor Emerita Mariana Valverde): Laws of Love: Negotiations of Intimacy and Legitimacy At and Beyond State Borders Through Vietnamese “Marriage Fraud” Arrangements

Zachary Levinsky, 2020:  'Don't Under Reach': The Limits of Compassion and Risk Management in Toronto School Safety from 1999-2007

Adam Ellis, 2020: Reconceptualizing Urban Warfare In Canada: Exploring the Relationship Between Trauma, Post-traumatic Stress, and Violence Among Male Combat Soldiers and 'Street Soldiers'

Brenna Keatinge, 2018: Growing Land, Growing Law: Race, Urban Politics, and the Governance of Vacant Land in Boston from 1950

Katharina Maier, 2018: Half Way to Freedom: The Role of Halfway Houses in Canada's Penal Landscape

Lysandra Marshall, 2017: Racial Disparities in Police Stops in Kingston, Ontario: Democratic Racism and Canadian Racial Profiling in Theoretical Perspective

Maria Jung, 2017: The Relationship between Immigration and Crime in Canada: 1976-2011

Meghana Rao, 2017: Troubling Suicide: Law, Medicine and Hijr Suicides in India

Holly Pelvin, 2017: Doing Uncertain Time: Understanding the Experiences of Punishment in Pre-trial Custody

Vanessa Iafolla, 2015: Anti-money Laundering and Counter-terrorist Financing Policy in Canada: Origins, Implementation and Enforcement

Alexandra Lysova, 2015: Dynamics of Violence between Intimate Partners in the Narratives of Incarcerated Women in Canada: A Violent Events Perspective

Natasha Madon, 2015: Intersections of Youths'Perceptions: Youths' Perceptions of Their Treatment by the Criminal Justice System and Other Social Institutions

Tara Marie Watson, 2014: Risks Inside and Beyond Institutional Walls: Organisational Responses to Substance Use in Canadian Federal Prisons

Akwasi Owusu-Bempah, 2014: Black Males' Perceptions of and Experiences with the Police in Toronto

Nicole Myers, 2013: Creating Criminality: The Intensification of Institutional Risk Aversion Strategies and the Decline of the Bail Process

Rashmee Singh, 2012: Grassroots Governance: Domestic Violence and Criminal Justice Partnerships in an Immigrant City

Olena Kobzar, 2012: Networking on the Margins: The Regulation of Payday Lending in Canada

Sarah Turnbull, 2012: Reconfiguring Canadian Penality: Gender, Diversity and Parole

Allyson Lunny, 2011:  Victimhood and Socio-legal Narratives of Hate Crime against Queer Communities in Canada, 1985-2003

Carolyn Greene, 2011: Creating Consensus: An Exploration of Two Pre-charge Diversion Programs in Canada

Anita Lam, 2011: Making Crime TV: Producing Fictional Representations of Crime for Canadian Television

Myles Leslie, 2011: Speaking for the Dead: Coroners, Institutional Structures and Risk Management

Prashan Ranasinghe, 2009: The Refashioning of Vagrancy and the (Re)Ordering of Public Space

Michael Mopas, 2009: Imagining the Internet and Making it Governable: Canadian Law and Regulation

Sara Thompson, 2009: The Social Ecology and Spatial Distribution of Lethal Violence in Toronto, 1988-2003

Randy Seepersad, 2009: Mediators and Moderators in the Relative Deprivation - Crime/Counter-normative Actions Relationship

Annmarie Barnes, 2007: Transnational Dislocations: The Use of Deportation as Crime Control

Dawn Moore, 2005: To Cure the Offender: Drugs, Users and the Canadian Criminal Justice System

Mary Lynn Young, 2005: Crime Content and Media Economics: Gendered Practices and Sensational Stories, 1950-2000

Carla Cesaroni, 2005: The Stress and Adjustment of Youth in Custody

Bryan Hogeveen, 2003: Can't You Be a Man? Rebuilding Wayward Masculinities and Regulating Juvenile Deviance in Ontario 1860-1930

Cheryl Webster, 2003: Working for 'Good Order and Discipline': The Impact of Mandatory Convict Labour on the Maintenance of Orderly Prison Life in Contemporary Portugal

John Deukmedjian, 2002: The Evolution and Alignment of RCMP Conflict Management and Organizational Surveillance

Phil Mun, 2002: Calculated Risk-taking: The Governance of Casino Gambling in Ontario

Renisa Mawani, 2001: The "Savage Indian" and the "Foreign Plague": Mapping Racial Categories and Legal Geographies of Race in British Columbia, 1871-1925

Kimberly-Jo White, 2001: Negotiating Responsibility: Representations of Criminality and Mind-State in Canadian Law, Medicine and Society, 1920-1950

Jennifer Wood, 2000: Reinventing Governance : A Study of Transformations in the Ontario Provincial Police

Kirsten Kramar, 2000: Unwilling Mothers and Unwanted Babies: 'Infanticide' and Medico-Legal Responsibility in 20th Century Canadian Legal Discourse

Kim Varma, 2000: Exploring Age and Maturity in Youth Justice

Stephane Leman-Langlois, 2000: Constructing Post-Conflict Justice: The South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission as an Ongoing Invention of Reconciliation and Truth

Anna Pratt, 2000: A Political Anatomy of Detention and Deportation in Canada

Voula Marinos, 2000: The Multiple Dimensions of Punishment: 'Intermediate' Sanctions and Interchangeability with Imprisonment

Jane Sprott 1999: Views of the Punishment of Youth: The Dimensions of Punitiveness

Benedikt Fischer, 1998: "Community policing" : a study of local policing, order and control

Kelly Hannah-Moffat, 1997: From Christian maternalism to risk technologies, penal powers and women's knowledges in the governance of female prisons

Willem De Lint, 1997: Shaping the subject of policing, autonomy, regulation and the police constable

Tammy Landau, 1994: Policing and security in four remote aboriginal communities: a challenge to coercive models of police work

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Home > STUDENT-WORKS > PROGRAM-ETD > CJ-ETD

Criminal Justice and Criminology Theses

If you are a graduate student submitting your thesis or dissertation, please click here to access the submission form.

Theses/Dissertations from 2024 2024

An Exploratory Study of Flora Poaching in Central Appalachia , McKinley Bowers

An Exploratory Study of the Southern Subculture of Honor in East Tennessee , Rachel Cohen

An Examination of Police Response to Individuals Suffering with Mental Illness , Aliss Copsey

Beyond the Screen: Understanding College Students’ Perspectives on Cyberstalking , Gabrielle Jackson

Exploring Knowledge and Perceptions of Nursing Students: A Quantitative Study on Sexual Assault and Sex Trafficking Awareness , Isabella Marino

Patterns of the Use and Perception of Cannabis among College Students in Tennessee , Jayla Ruffus-Milner

Theses/Dissertations from 2023 2023

The Impact of ACEs on College Students and Their Major Choice , Britten Harrison

Theses/Dissertations from 2018 2018

Public Perceptions on Domestic Sex Trafficking and Domestic Sex Trafficking Victims: A Quantitative Analysis , Faith Browder

Evaluating the Influences of Domestic Violence Training on the Attitudes and Perceptions of Police Recruits at the East Tennessee Regional Law Enforcement Academy , Jeffrey T. Gazzo Mr.

The American and Swedish Criminal Justice System: A Comparative Study , Josefin Hedstrom

Perceived Stress Among Police and Correctional Officers , Travis D. Hill

Political Competition and Predictors of Hate Crime: A County-level Analysis , Eaven Holder

Examining the Relationship between Offending Behaviors of Adult Male Offenders and the Social Bonds of Attachment and Commitment , Josie Klepper

Police Perceptions on False Accusations of Sexual Assault , Danielle Ostrander

Theses/Dissertations from 2017 2017

Do Juvenile Offenders Hold to the Child Saving Mentality? The Results from a Survey of Juvenile Offenders Placed on Court Mandated Juvenile Probation , Katelynn R. Adams

Law Enforcement Officers’ Perceptions in Regard to Sex Offenders, SORN, and Residency Restrictions Laws , Maria Aparcero-Suero

Exploring the Social Trend of Household Computer Ownership in Affecting the United States 1990's Crime Drop , Alison Kimberley Bogar

Environmental Factors and School Disorder: The Role of Urbanicty , Brandon S. Coffey

Is Prison Why I’m sick? Examining Health Conditions Among Minority Males Within Correctional Facilities , Mary Hannah Hughes

The Effects of Employment on Recidivism Among Delinquent Juveniles , Leigh Kassem

A Content Analysis of Media Accounts of Death Penalty and Life Without Parole Cases , Lisa R. Kirk

Theses/Dissertations from 2016 2016

Policing Postsecondary Education: University Police Legitimacy and Fear of Crime on Campus , Christina N. Barker

Testing Specific Deterrence In The National Basketball Association: An Application Of Beccaria's Theory Of Deterrence , Michael McCutcheon

The Forgotten Signature: An Observational Study on Policy of Securing Identity in Prevention of Identity Theft and Credit/Debit Card Fraud at Retail Store POS Terminals , Belinda R. Wilson

Theses/Dissertations from 2015 2015

Social Disorganization, Extra-Curricular Activities, and Delinquency , Robyn G. Dougherty Ms.

The Effects of Gender, Race, and Age on Judicial Sentencing Decisions , April Miller

Assessing Victim Blame: Intersections of Rape Victim Race, Gender, and Ethnicity , Kirsten A. Piatak

Youth Bullying: From Traditional Bullying Perpetration to Cyberbullying Perpetration and the Role of Gender , Erica D. Sizemore

Theses/Dissertations from 2014 2014

Police Attitudes about Citizens with Handgun Carry Permits , Bonson F. Cook Jr.

Heavy Drinking Behaviors and Parental Influence Among Greek Affiliated College Students , Melodie Harris

When Women Kill , Giovanna C. Lima

Theses/Dissertations from 2013 2013

Race, Social Disorganization and Delinquency , Alina Bazyler

To Conform or Not to Conform: An Examination of the Effects of Mock Jury Deliberation on Individual Jurors , Ashley S. Bowser

Examining Juvenile Delinquency Contributors through Life-Course and Strain Theory , Caitlin E. Burns

Media Influences and Student Attitudes Toward Law Enforcement Figures Within Northeast Tennessee , George T. Ford IV

A Study of Surveillance and Privacy Rights , Jesse T. Kittle Mr.

How Psychology’s Empirical Results Can Benefit the Criminal Justice System: Expert Testimony , Ford C. McCurry

The Effects of Family Structure on Juvenile Delinquency , Alisha B. Parks

Police Militarization: Attitudes Towards the Militarization of the American Police , Phillip T. Wyrick

Theses/Dissertations from 2012 2012

Reflex of Avoidance in Spatial Restrictions for Signatures and Handwritten Entries , Linde Christine Rush Burkey

Public Perceptions Regarding Sex Offenders and Sex Offender Management , Jessica Duncan

An Analysis of Restorative Justice in Vermont: Assessing the Relationships Between the Attitudes of Citizens and the Practices of the Department of Corrections , Dustin Robert Melbardis

Childhood Factors Affecting Aggressive Behaviors , Nicole Danielle Waddell

Theses/Dissertations from 2011 2011

Race and Anomie: A Comparison of Crime Among Rural Whites and Urban Blacks Based on Social Structural Conditions. , Mical Dominique Carter

Substance Abuse and Mental Disorders Among State and Federal Prison Inmates. , John Richard Haggerty

An Analysis of The Handwriting of Elderly Chinese Subjects. , Dongfang Liu

Identifying Interventions That Work in Juvenile Justice: An Analysis of the Moral Kombat Program. , Thelma Deneen McGowan

Psychopathy and Gender of Serial Killers: A Comparison Using the PCL-R. , Chasity Shalon Norris

The Effects of Domestic Violence: The Male Victims Perspective. , RaMon B. Younger

Theses/Dissertations from 2010 2010

Examination of the Death Penalty: Public Opinion of a Northeast Tennessee University Student Sample. , Kyle Aaron Burgason

Wrongful Convictions as a Result of Public Defender Representation. , Annie Elizabeth Ross

An Analysis of Monitoring the Future: A Look at the Relationship between Juvenile Delinquency and Involvement in School. , Thomas Theodore Zawisza

Theses/Dissertations from 2009 2009

Examining Orders of Protection: An Analysis of the Court System in a Rural Tennessee County. , Jaclyn Anderson

An Exploratory Analysis of the Psychological Dimensions of Airline Security and Correlates of Perceived Terrorism Threats: A Study of Active American Airlines Pilots. , Paul Martin Borowsky

An Examination of Patterns and Trends of Prescription Drug Abuse Among Adolescents. , Maggie Marie Orender

A Social Control Based Analysis of the Effect of Community Context upon Self Reported Delinquency Rates. , Jacqueline Marie Parlier

The Formation of "Outsider" Through Labeling and Sentence Lengths for Immigrants of Hispanic Descent. , Jeremy Jason Smith

Eyewitness Recall of Noncriminal Events: An Examination of Demographic Characteristics with a Selected Population. , Jessica R. VanEaton

Predicting Views of Sex Offenders and Sex Offender Policies Through Life Experiences. , Vanessa Hatch Woodward

Theses/Dissertations from 2008 2008

College Student Vulnerability to Harmful Religious Groups Based on Perceptions. , Kevin Clark Dreher

Forensic Gunshot Residue Distance Determination Testing Using Identical Make and Model Handguns and Different Ammunitions. , Stanley Keith Hodges

Police Stress: An Examination of the Effects of Stress and Coping Strategies. , Derrick Kenwright

Local Law Enforcement's Counter Terrorism Capabilities. , J. Ryan Presnell

Predicting Behavior from Psychopathic and Antisocial Personality Traits in a Student Sample. , Maryann Stone

Theses/Dissertations from 2007 2007

Adolescents and Marijuana Use: The Affects of Peer and Parent Relationships and Substance Abuse Education. , Samuel Joseph Cosimano

Media: Effects on Attitudes toward Police and Fear of Criminal Victimization. , Bradley Edwards

Juveniles Adjudicated in Adult Court: The Effects of Age, Gender, Race, Previous Convictions, and Severity of Crime on Sentencing Decisions. , Ashley Michelle Holbrook

Examining Significant Differences of Gunshot Residue Patterns Using Same Make and Model of Firearms in Forensic Distance Determination Tests. , Heather Lewey

Racial Profiling and Policing in North Carolina: Reality or Rhetoric? , Randal J. Sluss

Analysis of Selected Correlates of Spouse Abuse and the Policy Implications for the Criminal Justice System. , Marlys Kay Tester

Cinema, Race, and Justice: A Qualitative Analysis of Selected Themes. , Katherine Clay Thompson

Theses/Dissertations from 2006 2006

An Examination of the Prison Environment: An Analysis of Inmate Concerns across Eight Environmental Dimensions. , Andrew Ryan Bradford

Improving Parent and Teen Conflict Resolution Skills: Evaluating the Effectiveness of the "Family Reunion" Crisis Intervention Program. , Carrie Davis Marchant

Bullying Behavior in Middle School: The Effects of Gender, Grade Level, Family Relationships, and Vicarious Victimization on Self-Esteem and Attitudes of Bullying. , Jennifer Mongold

The Relationship between Tobacco, Alcohol, and Marijuana Use among Teenagers. , John Donald Rose

Theses/Dissertations from 2005 2005

A Qualitative Study: Gendered Perceptions of Bullying among Adolescents at a Boys and Girls Club. , Beverly Small Chandley

Intimate Violence: The Effects of Family, Threatened Egotism, and Reciprocity. , Jessica Lynne Holt

Satisfaction with Police Services among Residents of Washington County, Tennessee: A Survey of Citizens' Attitudes and Opinions. , Russell Jamerson

The Effect of Early Childhood Attachment on Delinquency and Behavior and the Continuance into Adulthood. , Cyndi Sheree Nichols

Juvenile Commitment Rate: The Effects of Gender, Race, Parents, and School. , Mitchell Andrew Thompson

Theses/Dissertations from 2004 2004

Justice for All?: Victim Satisfaction with Restorative Justice Conferences. , Sarah Anne Behtz

Juveniles' Attitudes toward the Police as Affected by Prior Victimization. , Joshua A. Hardin

Marijuana Use by Juveniles: The Effects of Peers, Parents Race, & Drug Abuse Resistance Education. , Daniel J. Moeser

Theses/Dissertations from 2003 2003

Oleoresin Capsicum: an Analysis of the Implementation of Pepper Spray into the Law Enforcement Use of Force Continuum in a Selected Police Department. , Lydia Denise Adkins

The Combined Effects of Criminal Justice Intervention on Domestic Violence: A Re-Analysis of the Minneapolis Intervention Project. , Nadia A. Bebawy

Using the Survey of Inmates of State and Federal Correctional Facilities to Compare Female and Male Inmate Characteristics. , Jacqueline Anita Black

Police Officers' Perception of the Validity of the General Theory of Crime. , William Jaison Giesler

The Effect of Prior Consensual Sex between the Victim and the Offender on the Prosecutor's Decision to File Charges in Sexual Assault Cases. , Kimberly Brooke Hollifield

Satisfaction with Police Services among Residents of Elizabethton, Tennessee. , Kelly Brooke Mullins

Misguided Instructions: Do Jurors Accurately Understand the Law in Death Penalty Trials? , Chasity Anne Stoots-Fonberg

Theses/Dissertations from 2002 2002

Role of Police, Prosecutors and Defense Attorneys in Traffic Accident Investigation and Adjudication in Chattanooga, Tennessee. , Karen L. Beisel

Athletic Participation: A Test of Learning and Neutralization Theories. , Mario Bernard Hankerson

Theses/Dissertations from 2001 2001

An Examination of Juvenile Delinquency and Victimization Using an Integrated Model Approach. , Kimberly Dawn Dodson

Involvement in Sports and Engagement in Delinquency: An Examination of Hirschi's Social Bond Theory. , Randy Hass

Characteristics of Recidivism among Intensive and Regular Probationers. , Jennifer Joseph

The Effects of Higher Education on Police Officers' Attitudes toward Personnel Issues, Public Relations and Crime Fighting. , Steven Matthew O'Quinn

Parents, Peers, and Developmental Trajectories toward Crime. , Kimberly A. Verhegge

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Home > School, College, or Department > CUPA > Criminology and Criminal Justice > Theses

Criminology and Criminal Justice Masters Theses

Theses/dissertations from 2023 2023.

Do Frameworks Matter? Testing the Framing Effect on Public Support for Prison Pell Grants , Natalie Miles Burke

Community Supervision: Perspectives of Probation and Parole Officers and Supervisors on Key Supervision Approaches and Policy Changes , Asianna Nelson

Theses/Dissertations from 2022 2022

Examining Probation Lengths in Philadelphia, PA , Madeline Grace Davis

A Walk in the Park: A Spatial Analysis of Crime and Portland Parks , Cheyenne Pamela Hodgen

Testing the LS/CMI for Predictive Accuracy: Does Age Matter? , Sandra Stephanie Lawlor

A Day Late and a Dollar Short: Examining Perceptions of Which Exonerees Deserve Compensation , Alexandra Pauline Olson

The Effect of Peer Relationships and Cyberbullying Victimization on Young Adults' Propensity to Cyberbully , Taaj Weraphorn Orr

Theses/Dissertations from 2021 2021

Identifying the Cost of Preventable Chronic Disease in Prison: Can Illness Prevention of Adults in Custody Save Money? , Molly Bineham

Is More Always Better? A Look at Visitation and Recidivism , Teriin Lee

Open Crime Maps: How Are Police Departments Doing So Far? , Khaing Sandee Lynn

Incarceration and Suicide: Do the Risk Factors Differ for Civilians and Veterans? , Rheannon Gail Ramsey

Marijuana-related Crime in Oregon Following Legalization of Recreational Use , Ana Alicia Soto

Theses/Dissertations from 2020 2020

A Systematic Content Analysis of the Justice Reinvestment Programs Across Oregon Counties , Lorena Ambriz

Juveniles in the Interrogation Room: Defense Attorneys as a Protective Factor , Caitlin Noelle August

Time Series Analysis Evaluating Mortality Rates and the Differences of How States Investigate Deaths , Jordan M. Bruhn

Intimate Partner Violence Risk Assessment: the Additive Value of Victim Reported Risk , Jennifer Joanne Johnson

Correctional Quackery: a Study of Program Availability and Inmate Assaults in Adult Correctional Facilities , Casey Jay Legere

Identifying Typologies of Failure to Appear , Ciara McGlynn

Understanding Fare Evasion Defendant Compliance: an Assessment of Criminal Records , Nataly Nunez Vasquez

Crime Risk near Reported Homeless Encampments: a Spatial Analysis , Kortney Lynn Russell

Theses/Dissertations from 2019 2019

Spatial Analysis of Burglary and Robbery Crime Concentration Near Mass-Transit in Portland , Bryce Edward Barthuly

An Evaluation of Clackamas County's Transition Center Using Propensity Score Modeling , Alicia de Jong McKay

Situational Context of Police Use of Deadly Force: a Comparison of Black and White Subjects of Fatal Police Shootings , Shana Lynn Meaney Ruess

Effects of Regulation Intensity on Marijuana Black Market After Legalization , Sikang Song

Theses/Dissertations from 2018 2018

An Assessment of Sentencing Disparities among American Indians within the Eighth, Ninth, and Tenth Federal Circuit Courts , Makenzie Laron Aaby

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Justice Reinvestment Legislation in Oregon: Analyses of State and County Implementation , Christopher Wade Dollar

The Influence of Information on Public Support for Solitary Confinement: a Test of Belief Updating and Confirmation Bias , Kayla J. LaBranche

An Experimental Study on the Impact of Informal Rape Myth Education to Alter Rape Myth Acceptance Scores in a Non-Student Sample , Leah Noelle Reddy

Anti-LGB Hate Crimes: Political Threat or Political Legitimization? , Johanna R. Shreve

Theses/Dissertations from 2017 2017

Policing in an Era of Sousveillance: the Influence of Video Footage on Perceptions of Legitimacy , Megan Elizabeth Mohler

Theses/Dissertations from 2014 2014

Beyond Black and White: An Examination of Afrocentric Facial Features and Sex in Criminal Sentencing , Amanda Mae Petersen

Theses/Dissertations from 2013 2013

Bringing Functional Family Probation Services to the Community: A Qualitative Case Study , Denise Lynmarie Austin

Theses/Dissertations from 2012 2012

Drowning In It: State Crime and Refugee Deaths in the Borderlands , Brandy Marie Cochrane

The Influence of Parental Gender on the Type of Communication between Incarcerated Parents and Their Children , Sarah Renee Lazzari

Child Welfare and Delinquency: Examining Differences in First-Time Referrals of Crossover Youth within the Juvenile Justice System , Courtney Nicole Shrifter

Theses/Dissertations from 2011 2011

Identifying Victims of Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking in a Juvenile Custody Setting , Jonathan Dickinson Dabney

Campus Sexual Assault: How Oregon University System Schools Respond , Michael William Murphy

The Prevalence and Predictive Nature of Victimization, Substance Abuse & Mental Health on Recidivism: A Comparative Longitudinal Examination of Male and Female Oregon Department of Corrections Inmates , Anastacia Konstantinos Papadopulos

Social and Human Capital: Contributing Effects of Incarceration on Neighborhoods , Jacqueline Victoria Swofford

Theses/Dissertations from 2010 2010

An Empirical Assessment of the CAN SPAM Act , Alex Conrad Kigerl

Theses/Dissertations from 2002 2002

Discrimination and Nepotism within Police Specialty Units , Robert Norvell Hollins III

Theses/Dissertations from 2000 2000

An Evaluation of Recidivism Rates for Resolutions Northwest's Victim-Offender Mediation Program , Karin Jewel Stone

Theses/Dissertations from 1997 1997

An Historical Perspective of Oregon's and Portland's Political and Social Atmosphere in Relation to the Legal Justice System as it Pertained to Minorities: With Specific Reference to State Laws, City Ordinances, and Arrest and Court Records During the Period -- 1840-1895 , Clarinèr Freeman Boston

Law Enforcement Attitudes toward the 1989 Oregon Firearms Law and Gun Control , Andrew Schneiderman

Theses/Dissertations from 1996 1996

An Exploratory Inquiry into Community Policing Using Focus Groups: Perspectives from Social Service Providers , Tanya Leigh Ostrogorsky

Theses/Dissertations from 1995 1995

An Assessment of the Impact of Intimate Victim-Offender Relationship on Sentencing in Serious Assault Cases , Laura J. Hickman

Indigent v. Non-Indigent Sex Offenders: An Analysis of Sentencing in Clackamas, Multnomah and Washington Counties, Oregon , Dorelei Victoria Linder

The Portland Public School Police: Formative Years - 1937 to 1953 , Natalie Anne Woods

Theses/Dissertations from 1993 1993

Police Stress: A Literature Study on Police Occupational Stressors and the Responses in Police Officers to Stressful Job Events , Katarina Ahlstrom Mannheimer

Theses/Dissertations from 1992 1992

Race, aggravated murder, and the death sentence in Multnomah County, Oregon, 1984-1990 : a descriptive analysis and review , Patrick Arthur Jolley

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Home > FHSS > Criminology > CRIM_ETD

Criminology Theses and Dissertations

Theses/dissertations from 2024 2024.

CARE TO CRIMINALIZATION: HOW ADULTS WITH LIVED CROSSOVER KID EXPERIENCE PERCIEVE THEIR EXPERIENCES IN THE CHILD PROTECTION SYSTEM AND THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM , Clarissa Kurzawski

Exit Through the Giftshop: Claims-making and the Construction of a Countercultural Brand , Cecil McGlynn

“In the Eyes of the State”: The Construction of LGBTQIA+ Individuals in India , Suman Mondal

Shifting Blame and Gendered Differences: A News Media Study of the Characterization of Police Sexual Violence , Brittany Nieman

Mainstream Media Portrayal of Banishment and Nation-Imposed Punishment , Keely Ormond

Theses/Dissertations from 2023 2023

Empathy in Police Officers Undergoing De-escalation Simulation Training: A Comparison Between Virtual Reality and Live Action Modalities , Jacqueline Kohl

ADDING WOMEN TO THE CONVERSATION ON SAFE CONSUMPTION SITES: A QUALITATIVE INTERVIEW STUDY WITH POOR AND MARGINALIZED WOMEN WHO USE ILLICIT SUBSTANCES , Kaitlin Waechter

Theses/Dissertations from 2022 2022

Divest or Disband?: A Social Problems Game Analysis of Canadian Media Coverage of 2020's Defund the Police Movement , Nicholas Fappiano

Paper Gangsters: White Collar and Corporate Crime on Film , Jacob Kavoukis

Loose Coupling, Burden Shuffling, and Pervasive Penality: The Role of Bylaw Enforcement in Managing Homelessness , Natasha Martino

Parental Incarceration and Stigma: A Qualitative Content Analysis of Children's Books , Samantha Nguyen

An Analysis of Collective Efficacy as a Predictor of Gun Violence in Toronto , Carly Richards

Fifth-Dimensional Warfare and National Security in Canada: Situating Microdeviation Theory Within C-59: An Act Respecting National Security Matters , Hayden Slight

Theses/Dissertations from 2021 2021

BODY-WORN CAMERAS AND ORGANIZATIONAL STRESS IN CANADIAN POLICING: A QUALITATIVE STUDY , Chelsea Doiron

COVID-19 AND THE CORRECTIONAL ENVIRONMENT: AN ANALYSIS OF CANADIAN CORRECTIONAL OFFICERS’ EXPERIENCES OF STRESS AND MENTAL HEALTH DURING THE PANDEMIC , Kristina Kocsis

What is Canada Doing? An Analysis of Canadian University Sexual Violence Policies , Konnor Legault

Policing and Fatherhood Identities: A Gendered Analysis of the Work and Home Experiences of Police Fathers Before and During COVID-19 , Danielle Thompson

Exploring the Perspectives of Service Providers Who Assist Men Subjected to Intimate Partner Violence , Abigail White

Theses/Dissertations from 2020 2020

Risk Factors Related to School Shootings , Best Anaele

Constructions of Sympathy: A Media Discourse Analysis of Detained Children and Youth in Canada , Lauren Ashby

THROUGH THE LURKING GLASS: A QUALITATIVE MEDIA ANALYSIS OF TRADITIONAL GENDER NORMS AND STALKING DEPICTIONS IN FILM , Alexandra Baril

“THE POLICE DON’T DO ANYTHING. EVEN WHEN THEY GET TOLD ABOUT THESE CREEPS”: AN EXPLORATION OF HOW VIGILANTES ATTEMPT TO GAIN LEGITIMACY AS LEADERS OF STATUS DEGRADATION CEREMONIES , Hannah Eggett

A Threat Assessment of Radicalized Extremist Right-Wing White Nationalist Subcultures in Canada: A Social Media Analysis , Dylon Groom

More than Just a Rapper: Mainstream and Alternative Media’s Depiction of Nipsey Hussle , Jonathan Hazlewood

STRAIGHT OUTTA FILMS: A QUALITATIVE MEDIA ANALYSIS OF THE HYPERREALITIES OF YOUTH GANGS , NAIMA LAKHA

LGTBQ+ COMMUNITY PERCEPTIONS OF POLICE AND POLICE INVOLVEMENT IN PRIDE CELEBRATIONS IN A SMALL ONTARIO CITY: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY , Priscilla Ramjit

Concussions in Minor League Hockey Players: The Impact of Rowan’s Law on Coaches , Niya St Amant

A QUALITATIVE EXPLORATION INTO THE SUBJECTIVE EXPERIENCES OF HEALTHCARE SERIAL KILLERS , Florence Tang

Theses/Dissertations from 2019 2019

The Social Arena of Mental Health Act Apprehensions: An Examination of Partnership between Police and Hospital Services , Amanda Boyd

The Use of Public Consultation to Construct Sex Work Related Policies , Ryan Horan

Parents who kill: Media constructions of male and female filicide cases , Mary McCluskey

EXPLORING CASE VARIABLES PREDICTIVE OF HISTORIES OF MENTAL ILLNESS IN INCIDENTS OF POLICE-INVOLVED FIREARM FATALITIES IN CANADA , Michael Ouellet

The Examination of News Media Representation of Indigenous Murder Victims in Canada: A Case Study of Colten Boushie’s Death , Latasha VanEvery

Theses/Dissertations from 2018 2018

Attending to the Needs of Inuit Inmates in Canada: Exploring the Perceptions of Correctional Officers and Nunavut Officials , Kosta H. Barka

Police Use of Twitter: 21st Century Community Policing , Nicole Coomber

Securitizing Schooling: Post-Secondary Campuses as Security Projects , Andrea Corradi

Criminal Heroes in Television: Exploring Moral Ambiguity in Law and Justice , Amy Henry

A QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF ONLINE SELF-HARM SUPPORT FORUMS: EXAMINING USERS’ ONLINE ACTIVITIES DURING SELF-HARM DESISTANCE PROCESSES , Claudia Volpe

Theses/Dissertations from 2017 2017

Loose Coupling and Defining Deviance Down: Correctional Officers’ Perceptions of Organizational Responses to Mental Health and Well-being. , Victoria M. Baker

JAILHOUSE INFORMANTS IN CANADIAN CRIMINAL COURTS , Olena Beshley

Using Social Disorganization Theory to Explore Neighbourhood Effects on Violent Crime: A Case Study of the City of Brantford, Ontario , Ni-Shan Ho

Exploring the Pluralization of Community Safety: A Qualitative Analysis of the Perceived Operation and Implications of Situation Tables , Taylor Knipe

Correctional Officers "Through the Looking Glass": Understanding Perceptions and their Impact on Personal and Professional Identity , Emma Mistry

Meeting the Needs of Victims: An Examination of Victims' Coping Strategies and Victim Services in Canada , Jenniffer Olenewa

BASED ON ACTUAL EVENTS: Surveillance, Fear and Crime Control in Found-Footage Horror Films , Cassandra Persaud

“Serial killers are interesting, they’re not heroes”: Moral boundaries, identity management, and emotional work within an online community , Michael Spychaj

"It ain't easy being on the streets": Understanding the Needs of Street-Involved Youth in Southern Ontario through a Client-Centred Approach , Samantha Danielle Styczynski

Exploring Police Officers' Perceptions of Mobile Crisis Rapid Response Teams Within a Nodal Policing Framework , Trevor Viersen

Theses/Dissertations from 2016 2016

You Will Be Punished: Media Depictions of Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women , Caitlin Elliott

Pregnancy, birth, and mothering behind bars: A case study of one woman's journey through the Ontario criminal justice and jail systems , Sarah Fiander

Policing and the Dirty Underbelly: Understanding Narratives of Police Deviance on Social Media Platforms , Amanda Lancia

REPRESENTATIONS OF STRANGER AND NON-STRANGER HOMICIDE: A QUALITATIVE CONTENT ANALYSIS OF CANADIAN NEWS MEDIA , Gabriella L. Leone

Twerking, Alcohol, and Fame: The Construction of Disney Celebrities in the Media , Carla R. López

Investigative Inadequacies or Investigative Corruption? Exploring the Role of Police Misconduct within Canadian Wrongful Conviction Cases , Michelle L. Lovegrove

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A Peacemaking Approach to Desistance from Crime

• Published: 06 July 2018
• Volume 27 , pages 211–227, ( 2019 )

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• Glen A. Ishoy 1 &
• Nathan E. Kruis 1  

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One of the most persistent criticisms of the peacemaking perspective in criminology is that it lacks testable hypotheses and realistic policy implications. In this essay, we examine the applicability of peacemaking ideas to the mechanisms identified by scholars that are associated with desistance from crime. We argue that the process of desistance has many similarities with peacemaking ideas and may provide an avenue for testing some of the core propositions of the peacemaking perspective. We propose a model that depicts the relationships between variables that have been observed in the desistance literature and examine how they relate to the peacemaking perspective. Policy implications of these ideas are also discussed.

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Ishoy, G.A., Kruis, N.E. A Peacemaking Approach to Desistance from Crime. Crit Crim 27 , 211–227 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10612-018-9405-z

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Published : 06 July 2018

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Article Contents

Introduction, a critical primer on development, a criminology for sustainable development, criminology and the un sustainable development goals: the need for support and critique.

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Jarrett Blaustein, Nathan W Pino, Kate Fitz-Gibbon, Rob White, Criminology and the UN Sustainable Development Goals: The Need for Support and Critique, The British Journal of Criminology , Volume 58, Issue 4, July 2018, Pages 767–786, https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azx061

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The UN Sustainable Development Goals address a number of criminological issues. This article accounts for why criminologists should contribute to this agenda in a way that might benefit the international development community. We acknowledge a heightened risk of crime in parts of the Global South but argue criminologists should cautiously embrace this agenda as a platform for achieving human and sustainable development outcomes. Supporting this agenda means assisting with the design, implementation and evaluation of projects that contribute to safe, just and sustainable societies. From a critical standpoint, it also means challenging harmful or inappropriate initiatives and resisting attempts to capitalize on this agenda for political gain. Both modes of engagement are informed by the values of ‘caution’, ‘scepticism’ and southern epistemologies. The article then proceeds to examine three areas where criminological research can make important contributions: building safe and just societies, eliminating gender-based violence and promoting environmental justice.

In September 2015, the United Nations (UN) General Assembly adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (General Assembly 70/1). The 2030 Agenda comprises 17 Sustainable Development Goals (henceforth ‘SDG’s; Table 1 ) and 169 targets that provide a universal framework for the realization of human rights and environmental sustainability across a range of issue areas. This article considers why criminologists should contribute to the 2030 Agenda and how their knowledge and experience might benefit the international development community. This discussion is timely because multiple SDGs address issues relating to crime, justice and security. By comparison, criminological themes did not explicitly feature in the UN’s Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) that preceded the SDGs (see General Assembly 55/2). Implied in the SDGs is the notion that enhancing the capacities of developing countries to combat various forms of crime and promote the rule of law are now policy priorities for the international community. To achieve this vision, the UN calls for a ‘culture of shared responsibilities, collective action and benchmarking for progress’ that requires international development actors like the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and member states to cooperate with other UN agencies including the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) ( UNODC 2016 : 2).

Sustainable development goals

In contextualizing these developments, it must be acknowledged that crime control and development have, since the early 1990s, constituted two relatively distinct spheres of international policymaking and practice. The international development community’s interest in crime was therefore peripheral and primarily limited to ‘security sector reform’ (SSR) projects in post-conflict societies ( Ellison and Pino 2012 ; Gordon 2014 ). To this effect, Jesperson (2015 : 39) observes that immediately before the adoption of the SDGs, many development actors remained hesitant to incorporate criminological issues into their formal mandates because they feared that doing so would render development ‘a means to achieve security outcomes’ rather than ‘an end goal’ in its own right. These concerns were not unfounded because the ‘securitization’ of other development issues is well-documented ( Duffield 2007 ) and many criminological issues are highly susceptible to political manipulation and moral entrepreneurship ( Pickering 2007 ; Simon 2007 ).

In acknowledging these developments, we suggest there are two important roles that criminologists might play when it comes to helping various stakeholders navigate this crime-development nexus. Criminologists can play a supportive role by contributing to the design, implementation and evaluation of projects that contribute to safe, just and ecologically sustainable societies. They can also play a critical role by helping development actors and their intended beneficiaries including domestic policy makers, criminal justice practitioners and citizens of the Global South identify and resist attempts by international organizations, sovereign donors, national governments and other empowered stakeholders to politicize criminological elements of this agenda for self-interested strategic and political purposes. Performing these roles necessitates a combination of direct engagement with the work of the development sector and increased scholarly attention by members of the discipline to work that is undertaken by organizations like UNDP and UNODC in the name of crime control and sustainable development. We contend that both modes of engagement should also be informed by core criminological values such as ‘caution’ and ‘scepticism’ ( Cohen 1982/1998 ) and southern epistemologies that aspire to de-colonize the production and dissemination of knowledges about development and crime ( Carrington et al. 2015 ).

We begin by reviewing the development sociology literature to provide criminologists with a critical introduction to this field of scholarship. This review accounts for influential historical development paradigms before distinguishing between two key ‘alternative’ development perspectives that remain influential today: Sen’s (1999) capability approach and the post-development approach associated with the work of Escobar (1992) . We acknowledge the problematic legacy of the development system and its political and operational shortcomings but conclude that the capability approach that underpins the SDGs provides the best available framework for balancing local development and security needs with global priorities of criminological concern, including the protection of human rights and environmental justice. Citing a body of international evidence that indicates a heightened risk of crime and violence in many parts of the Global South, the article proceeds to account for why criminologists should support this agenda through a combination of support and critique. The remainder of the article proceeds to discuss three important areas where criminological expertise can make an immediate contribution to the 2030 Agenda. The first area is broadly concerned with controlling crime and building safe and just societies. The second area focuses on the elimination of gender-based violence, and specifically intimate partner violence, as a precondition for achieving gender equality. The third area relates to the issues of environmental crime, ecological degradation and environmental justice. We conclude by briefly identifying some additional areas that may also benefit from criminological expertise and call for criminologists to approach the SDGs as framework for global governance . This means acknowledging that crime, social harm, injustice and environmental degradation are not exclusively ‘Southern’ problems but rather, global issues that often also manifest in the Global North but often have a disproportionate, adverse impact on the capabilities of residents of the Global South.

Criminologists have historically studied the impact of development on crime (e.g. Clinard and Abbott 1973 ; Shelley 1981 ; Liu 2006 ) but have had comparatively little to say about the impact of crime on development or the dialectical, two-way relationship between these phenomena (for a critical review of the criminological literature on development see Blaustein et al. 2017 ). This is problematic because the SDGs are grounded in a set of discourses that construct crime, violence and the absence of the rule of law as obstacles to development ( Jesperson 2015 ). It is also important to note that historical contact between criminologists and the international development sector has been limited when it comes to research engagement. The international development sector (sometimes described as a ‘community’) is a loose assemblage of international organizations, international financial organizations, bi-lateral agencies, non-governmental organizations (both international and local), private contractors, grass-roots charities and independent consultants working to promote and/or profit from development in the Global South. Consistent with the development studies literature, any of these organizations or individuals might therefore be described as ‘development actors’ ( McMichael 2008 ).

Our claim that criminologists have neglected the work of the international development sector is not to overlook the documented past efforts of criminologists and members of aligned disciplines to support criminal justice reform efforts internationally and locally throughout the Global South (e.g. Lopez-Rey 1985 ; Jefferson 2017 ). Rather, we observe that only rarely have criminologists taken an interest in the work of international development actors (e.g. Wardak et al. 2007 ; Blaustein 2015 ). This is attributable to the fact that international development remains a peripheral issue within criminology with the effect that most criminologists are only vaguely familiar with the history of the international development system, its workings and its ideological underpinnings. Accordingly, this section presents a critical primer on international development to contextualize the SDGs.

Colonialism, modernization, economic liberalization and crime

It is a truism to suggest that ‘development’ has no universally agreed upon definition, but a ‘developed’ society has been described as having ‘the ability to produce an adequate and growing supply of goods and services productively and efficiently, to accumulate capital, and to redistribute the fruits of production in a relatively equitable manner’ ( Jaffee 1998 : 3). Development might therefore refer to processes of structural and cultural transformation that a society undergoes in pursuit of this ideal. It may do so at the behest of others, by its own accord, or due to some combination of both. How this transformation might be achieved remains hotly contested and competing models and theories of development have been advocated since at least the 19th century.

It is important to acknowledge the colonial origins of development as a modern idea, along with the asymmetric power relations that have historically underpinned its ‘social engineering impulse’ ( McMichael 2008 : 25). To this effect, many development policies and practices are rooted in a colonial perception that ‘non-European native people or colonial subjects were “backward,” trapped in stifling cultural traditions’ ( McMichael 2008 : 26–7). The moral devaluation of colonial subjects went together with the fact that the socioeconomic development of European countries as colonizers benefitted immensely from imperialism. In other words, the ‘progress’ of the metropole was fuelled by the exploitation of labour and natural resources throughout its subjugated peripheries ( Amin 2011 ). That these exploitive practices ultimately served to increase inequalities between the colonizers and the colonies (as well as within the colonies themselves) and establish enduring relations of economic dependency would thus contribute to and reinforce the ‘underdeveloped’ label attached to the latter. To this effect, Amin (2011) has argued that colonizers reaped short-term profits from exploited labour and the land. Colonial policing, prisons and even early positivist criminology collectively played a role in regulating the conduct of colonized subjects ( Alemika 1993 ; Brown 2014 ).

The flawed colonial belief that the ‘progress’ of the metropole should subsequently be replicated throughout the periphery informed the paradigm of development known as modernization that was dominant from the late 1940s until the late 1970s ( McMichael 2008 ). According to proponents of the ‘Modernization Thesis’, development necessitated the diffusion and adaptation of Western values, and developing nations lacking resources, education and infrastructure must create institutions to help risk-taking (and Westernized) entrepreneurs produce goods and services for the purposes of economic growth ( Rostow 1960 ). To these theorists, development required reforms such as technological advances, increased specialization of labour, the transition from subsistence to commercial industrial farming and increased rural to urban migration ( Smelser 1963 ). It is also worth acknowledging at this point that modernization served as an important theme of criminological scholarship during 1970s and 1980s. To this effect, criminologists including Clinard and Abbott (1973) and Shelley (1981) argued that rapid industrialization and urbanization generated criminogenic consequences for developing countries including anomie, social disorganization and the resulting reductions in informal social control. Acknowledging the criminogenic consequences of rapid modernization, the UN Social Commission actively worked to promote ‘social defence’ policies throughout the recently de-colonized ‘Third World’ during the Cold War ( Walters 2001 ; Lopez-Rey 1985 ).

Dependency theorists criticized the Modernization Thesis contending that the strategic concerns of donors, rather than recipients, were prioritized in development aid schemes, and that modernization-inspired development programmes served to increase debt and inequality both within and between nation states ( Dos Santo 1970 ; Cordoso 1972 ; Wallerstein 1974 ). They argued that developing countries were responsible for purchasing inputs for new industries, but multinational corporations that ran production repatriated profits outside of the country rather than reinvesting it locally thereby leaving the countries in debt. Developing countries were also overly reliant on exporting goods with fluctuating prices, creating economic instability and increasing debt further. Dependency theorists therefore called for alternative economic policies designed to promote independent development such as import substitution industrialization and export-oriented industrialization, but for a variety of reasons these ended up being unworkable alternatives ( McMichael 2008 ). Critical criminologists like Sumner (1982) drew from dependency theory and criticized the Modernization Thesis on crime by contending that political elites uphold their privilege and interests by defining crimes and shaping responses to it.

Partly in response to its perceived failures, modernization was superseded in the early 1980s by the (neoliberal) globalization project, driven largely by economic liberalization ( McMichael 2008 ). An important debate within the development studies literature concerns whether neoliberal globalization should be understood as an alternative to modernization thinking or as an updated version of it, rooted in similar ideologies promoting Western, capitalist hegemony ( Phillips 1998 ; Harvey 2005 ). In our view, both the modernization and neoliberal paradigms share some common meta-assumptions about the transferability of Northern experiences and knowledge to the Global South but they differ with respect to the nature of the capitalist interventions they prescribe. Whereas modernization treated the developing state as the primary architect of its socioeconomic development (albeit an architect that was expected to base its designs on blueprints for prefabricated institutions and economic structures), its neoliberal successor, bolstered politically by the Washington Consensus, recast the role of the state as that of facilitating participation in world markets. This meant that throughout 1980s international financial institutions like the World Bank and International Monetary Fund as well as sovereign debtors ‘encouraged’ many developing countries to implement ‘structural adjustment programmes’ (SAPs) in exchange for debt forgiveness. Governments of other developing countries including Chile and Singapore adopted these policies voluntarily, in part because they believed that fuelling economic growth was necessary for legitimizing authoritarian forms of government ( Liow 2012 ; Connell and Dados 2014 ).

Policies associated with SAPs emphasized austerity, deregulation, the privatization of state industries and services, and low taxes designed to attract foreign investment ( Babb 2005 ). The impact of these reforms was varied but in many cases, economic liberalization resulted in decreased expenditure on social welfare; the weakening of labour, environmental and legal protections; increased private ownership of social and public services; outsourcing of public services; enhanced private property rights; the deregulation of international trade, labour markets and capital flows; and the devaluation of labour ( Williamson 1997 ; Lindhert and Williamson 2003 ; Harvey 2005 ). One effect of this has been greater inequality, both within and between states ( Wade 2004 ). From a criminological perspective, a further consequence has been the emergence of new forms of conflict, violence and harms that disproportionately affect economically and socially marginalized people around the world ( Friedrichs and Friedrichs 2002 ; Currie 2015 ). The perpetrators of these harms include not only deprived individuals, but also corporations and states ( Chambliss et al. 2013 ).

The capability approach: Overview, legacy and criticisms

Awareness of the shortcomings and consequences of both modernization and SAPs prompted the articulation of alternative visions for development that gained popularity in 1980s and 1990s. The most influential of these critiques is the capability approach. Originally developed by Indian economist Sen (1973 ; 1999 ), the capability approach challenged mainstream development thinking by arguing that economic growth was only desirable insofar as it enhanced ‘what people are effectively able to do and be’, improved their ‘quality of life’ and removed any ‘obstacles in their lives so that they have more freedom to live the kind of life that, upon reflection, they have reason to value’ ( Robeyns 2005 : 94). In other words, eliminating poverty and reducing inequalities are treated as prerequisites for maximizing the enjoyment of individual freedoms ( Sen 1999 ) and social justice ( Nussbaum 2007 ; Sen 2011 ). The capability approach thus treats socio-economic development as a means rather than an end ( Robeyns 2005 ) and it emphasizes the importance of fostering participation and empowering collective agency locally to address these issues in a flexible manner ( Fukuda-Parr 2003 ).

Sen’s ideas were subsequently incorporated into the first Human Development Report , which stated that the aim of development should be to enable individuals to ‘live a long and healthy life, to be educated and to have access to resources needed for a decent standard of living’ ( UNDP 1990 : 4). To achieve this aim, the report argued that ‘restructuring budget priorities to balance economic and social spending should move to the top of the [UN’s] policy agenda for development in the 1990s’ ( UNDP 1990 : 4). The capability approach would later inform the eight MDGs adopted in 2000 (General Assembly 55/2). The MDGs ‘put human development-poverty and people and their lives-at the center of the global development agenda for the new millennium’ and established a framework of accountability for the international community that included ‘time limits and quantifiable outcomes, by which progress [could] be objectively measured and monitored’ ( Fukuda-Parr 2004 : 395, 397). The method for measuring progress is known throughout the international development sector as ‘results-based management’ (RBM) and plays an important role in structuring the design, implementation and evaluation of development projects ( Hulme 2010 ). Both the impact of RBM on the work of the development sector and the legacy of the MDGs remain important topics of debate amongst development scholars ( Attaran 2005 ; Weber 2015 ) but the capability approach nonetheless underpins the SDGs which succeeded the MDGs in 2015. This is despite the fact that ‘sustainable development’, a term that was also originally coined in the 1980s, in this case to denote approaches to development that are in their design ecologically, economically and socially sustainable ( Lélé 1991 ), has recently emerged as the sector’s dominant buzzword. Accordingly, no fewer than five of the SDGs explicitly address human development issues ( Table 1 ). The remaining 12 goals concern them indirectly by addressing issues such as environmental sustainability, gender equality, and of particular relevance to criminologists, justice, safety and security. The implication is that the once controversial capability approach is now dominant throughout the international development sector. It is not however without its ideological detractors.

An important ideological critique of the capability approach is the radical ‘post-development’ perspective that combines the arguments of early dependency theorists with post-modern thinking about the political economy of knowledge production. One of its leading proponents has been Colombian-American anthropologist Escobar who argues that the concept of development ‘has functioned as an all-powerful mechanism for the production and management of the Third World in the post-World War II period’ ( Escobar 1992 : 24). The solution, according to Escobar, is not to modify development as a concept or a set of practices but rather, to ‘contribute to the transformation or dismantling of the discourse’ to create a space for genuine social movements to emerge ( Escobar 1992 : 25). For democratization of this nature to occur, Escobar (1992 : 26–7, original emphasis) calls for ‘alternatives to development’ as opposed to alternative models of development. In other words, people at the local level should be able to define development and progress for themselves without it being imposed on them. Post-development therefore presents itself as an emancipatory project, one that aspires to insulate the discourse and practice of development from ‘the political, economic and institutional regime of truth production that has defined the era of development’ ( Escobar 1992 : 28). From the post-development perspective, the very existence of a global framework for development is problematic and the capability approach represents an extension of the imperialist systems that preceded it.

The globalizing tendencies of the international development system must be acknowledged by criminologists but so must the substantial body of international evidence which suggests that various forms of crime threaten the health, prosperity and happiness of many residents of the Global South. For example, UNODC’s 2013 Global Study on Homicide found that ‘less developed’ sub-regions including Southern Africa, Central America, the Caribbean and South America had the highest homicide rates in the world ( UNODC 2013 ). A 2013 report by the World Health Organization also estimates the combined lifetime prevalence of intimate partner violence and non-partner sexual violence among women in almost all low- and middle-income regions to be higher than in high-income regions ( World Health Organization 2013 : 20). With few exceptions, the 50 worst performing countries in Transparency International’s 2016 Corruption Perceptions Index were also from the Global South ( Transparency International 2016 ).

In citing this body of evidence, we are not suggesting that ‘underdevelopment’ is at the root of these problems or that they can easily be addressed through the work of development actors or national and local governments. In fact, many of these problems appear to be, at least on a structural level, attributable in-part to the problematic legacies of colonialism, modernization and neoliberal globalization discussed in the previous section. Furthermore, we acknowledge that these problems are not unique to developing countries of the Global South and that solutions, if indeed they exist, will not necessarily originate in the Global North. Rather, we feel there is a moral imperative for criminologists to engage with the SDGs insofar as they provide a valuable framework for addressing these issues in a coordinated and systematic manner. Failure to do so would mean that the expertise of academic criminologists remains largely superfluous and inconsequential to development actors. It must also be acknowledged that other sources of knowledge about crime and its control do exist and that these are not always preferable to the knowledge of academic criminologists. Indeed, the international development sector’s historical efforts to promote police reform projects in post-conflict countries throughout the Global South highlights its tendency to turn to active or retired criminal justice practitioners from the Global North and other policy entrepreneurs or consultants for advice ( Ellison 2007 ). Greater academic engagement with the development sector may therefore reduce demand for commodified knowledges about crime, justice and security which, in the context of SSR programmes, have previously been associated with the securitization of local development issues ( Ryan 2011 ) and otherwise undesirable results ( Ellison and Pino 2012 ). Thus, while we feel that it is important to acknowledge the post-development critique, our position is that criminologists should work within the capability approach if they are to make the most impact through their research.

There are two primary ways that criminologists can support the 2030 Agenda. First, criminologists can actively assist with the design, implementation and evaluation of projects that support safe, just and environmentally sustainable societies. This is not to suggest that criminological knowledge alone is sufficient for achieving these outcomes. Rather, it must be combined with the expertise of development actors and aligned with the interests and knowledge of local stakeholders.

Second, criminologists can assume a critical role by helping members of the development community and local stakeholders recognize and resist attempts by international organizations and NGOs, sovereign donors, private corporations and policy entrepreneurs to politicize criminal threats: strategic or political reasons that deviate from or outright conflict with local development needs. This latter role is largely informed by Cohen’s (1982/1998 : 30) identification of ‘skepticism’ and ‘caution’ as core values of criminology as an ‘intellectual enterprise’. A critically minded criminologist might therefore help to identify ill-conceived, inappropriate, criminogenic, oppressive, unjust or otherwise harmful crime control policies and practices that might otherwise be promoted in the name of sustainable development. Our advocacy of this two-pronged approach is further informed by southern epistemologies that value local perspectives on crime, security and development without succumbing to the moral pitfalls of a purely relativistic stance towards these issues ( Connell 2007 ; Carrington et al. 2015 ). The remainder of article reveals three important areas where criminologists are well positioned to make an immediate contribution in this respect.

Peace, justice and strong institutions

SDG 16 is fundamentally concerned with reducing the threat that crime and violence pose to sustainable development and enhancing the delivery of justice and security throughout the Global South. The specific targets assigned to SDG 16 include:

SDG 16.1 Significantly reduce all forms of violence and related death rates everywhere SDG 16.2 End abuse, exploitation, trafficking and all forms of violence against and torture of children SDG 16.3 Promote the rule of law at the national and international level and ensure equal access to justice for all SDG 16.4 By 2030, significantly reduce illicit financial and arms flows, strengthen the recovery and return of stolen assets and combat all forms of organised crime SDG 16.5 Substantially reduce corruption and bribery in all their forms SDG 16.6 Develop effective, accountable and transparent institutions at all levels SDG 16.a Strengthen relevant national institutions, including through international cooperation, for building capacity at all levels, in particular in developing countries, to prevent violence and combat terrorism and crime (General Assembly Resolution 70/1: 25–6)

Reducing violence, promoting the rule of law, fighting corruption and improving access to justice are hardly controversial aspirations but SDG 16 is neither prescriptive nor restrictive about how these targets should be met. This means it provides no indication of how the international development community might contribute to an overall reduction in the global homicide rate or how a reduction in violence might be achieved in specific countries such as El Salvador or Honduras that feature some of the highest homicide rates in the world ( UNODC 2013 ). This flexibility is intentional and informed by the capability approach that acknowledges the need for development practices to be tailored to local needs and circumstances ( UNDP 1990 ). Ironically, this flexibility risks undermining the aspiration to democratize the global governance of crime because stakeholders from the Global South are at a strategic disadvantage when it comes to ensuring that their needs and preferences influence the work of development actors ( Ellison and Pino 2012 ; Blaustein 2016 ). Rather, it is international organizations like UNODC along with sovereign donors and the aforementioned consultants and policy entrepreneurs from the Global North with extensive track-records of contributing to SSR projects who are strategically positioned to dictate which issues should be prioritized, what interventions should be funded, and how they should be implemented ( Jakobi 2012 ).

Criminologists may not be empowered to change these structural dynamics but in certain circumstances they may be able to help development actors and local stakeholders negotiate these pressures and translate them into policies and practices that align with local values and needs ( Blaustein 2015 ).

It is also important to acknowledge that the targets listed above encompass a variety of political agendas and the neutral language of the SDGs serves to mask the political complexities and fault-lines of the crime-development nexus. For example, SDG 16.2 includes a reference to the term ‘trafficking’. No criminologist would contest that the exploitation or abuse of children is deeply problematic but ‘trafficking’ is a messy concept that eludes simple definition and measurement ( Segrave and Pickering 2012 ). The evidence-based underpinning the global anti-trafficking norm is relatively thin ( Wylie 2016 ) yet the concept is frequently invoked by moral entrepreneurs, including those who advocate the ‘abolition’ of sex work ( Weitzer 2007 ). This resort to value laden language can at times result in law and order government responses that prioritize the enforcement of immigration laws over the welfare needs of migrants ( Pickering 2007 ; Davidson 2011 ), including the very children that SDG 16.2 is designed to protect. Failure to interrogate these targets and approach them with scepticism and caution may therefore result in the validation and dissemination of harmful and counterproductive policies. Criminologists thus have an important role to play in reminding international development actors and international organizations like UNODC that crime is a political issue.

We also wish to draw attention to the fact that SDG 16 harbours an implicit assumption that problems associated with criminal violence and corruption are at least partially due to the absence of functional state institutions including those of the criminal justice system. By extension, organizations like UNODC have adopted the stance that strengthening these institutions through international cooperation, local capacity building and technical assistance programmes will help to resolve these issues ( United Nations 2015a ). Evidence from the Global North indicates that enhancing state control vis-à-vis the implementation of proactive, evidence-based policing models may lead to statistically significant reductions in violent crime ( Weisburd et al. 2008 ; Braga et al. 2012 ). However, further research is necessary for assessing the impact of policing and crime prevention strategies on violence in low- and middle-income countries of the Global South ( Higginson et al. 2015 ). This includes the issue of long-term sustainability in the absence of ongoing financial support from international donors.

There is also a risk that any proactive policing strategy may be used to disproportionately target ethnic minority ( Bowling and Phillips 2007 ) and indigenous communities ( Cunneen 2001 ), thereby resulting in human rights violations and potentially undermining the legitimacy of the police ( Gau and Brunson 2010 ) and the state in the eyes of the over-policed and the international community. Indeed, it is widely accepted amongst criminologists today that increasing the power of the criminal justice system can be counter-productive when it comes to addressing the underlying structural causes of crime and disorder ( Clear 2007 ). The assumption that strengthening state institutions is necessary for achieving peace and stability throughout the Global South must therefore be recognized as a remnant of modernization thinking, one that is grounded in a romanticized understanding of the nature of social order in the Global North. While strengthening democratic institutions and accountability mechanisms may in theory help governments of less-developed countries increase state legitimacy and citizen participation in co-productive activities to proactively reduce crime, the idea that strengthening the power of criminal justice systems will necessarily reduce crime or promote social cohesion is misguided. Rather, increasing the state’s coercive control may undermine the rule of law rather than enhance it, particularly if criminal justice system agents such as the police see themselves with their enhanced powers as more accountable to a regime or political party than to their fellow citizens in a democratic context, or if enhanced police and other state powers encourage the removal of impartiality in the administration of law or the restriction of civil liberties ( Bayley 2001 ). Criminologists might therefore encourage development actors to exercise caution when working to enhance the capabilities of state institutions.

Gender-based violence

Violence against women is an important area of criminological inquiry that aligns with SDG 5, which deals with gender equality. It includes two targets that specifically seek to eliminate violence against women:

SDG 5.2 Eliminate all forms of violence against all women and girls in the public and private spheres, including trafficking and sexual and other types of exploitation. SDG 5.3 Eliminate all harmful practices, such as child, early and forced marriage and female genital mutilation. (UN General Assembly Resolution 70/1)

These targets provide a clear directive at the international level of the need to better respond to, and prevent, violence against women and in so doing represent a shift from domestic priorities which often overlook interpersonal violence committed against women in favour of preventing more ‘public’ forms of violence, such as acts of terrorism ( Walklate et al. 2017 ). As noted earlier, the need for immediate action in this area is evidenced by the number of women who experience violence globally and in particular, throughout the Global South ( World Health Organization 2013 ; see also Carrington 2015 ). Research has also documented that despite the gains made in the decades since the rise of feminist movements in 1970s and 1980s, a significant proportion of women continue to experience human rights violations, including genital mutilation, forced marriage, forced sex work, rape and other forms of sexual and intimate partner violence ( Goel and Goodmark 2015 ). To this end, violence against women must be understood as a global issue that impacts upon the security and well-being of women from all countries, cultures and socio-economic statuses.

Feminist criminologists have made important contributions towards identifying the contexts, at the local, national and international level, within which women are particularly vulnerable to male violence ( Renzetti and Bergen 2004 ). Reflecting an understanding of the vulnerability of women who experience violence, the importance of the gendered lens and the need to adopt a risk sensitive approach, criminologists have argued that, to be effective, responses to men’s violence must be informed by and tailored to the experiences of diverse communities (see, inter alia, McCulloch et al. 2016 ). This criminological, risk-sensitive approach holds valuable lessons in terms of the need to bring together both specialist and generalist services, government and non-government bodies, as well as provide whole of system responses that support the prevention, identification, assessment and management of women’s risk of violence. From the outset, a criminological perspective highlights the need for multi-agency responses and prevention initiatives—tackling violence against women is no one ministry, organization or service providers’ responsibility (see, inter alia, Robinson 2006 ; McCulloch et al . 2016 ). Recognizing the value of multi-agency responses further highlights why the work undertaken by non-specialized bodies assists in addressing many of the goals and targets contained in other areas of the Agenda, which in turn contribute to reducing the risks associated with gender-based violence and addressing its underlying causes (on this, see also Babu and Kusuma 2017 ). For example, prevention of violence against women is advanced by work undertaken to eliminate poverty (SDG 1), achieve good health and quality education (SDG 3 and 4), reduce inequalities (SDG 10) and through the achievement of SDG 11 targeted at making cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable.

A risk-sensitive approach is certainly relevant to an international context given the likely diverse experiences of women victimized. As such, working towards targets 5.2 and 5.3 requires an appreciation of cultural and contextual risk factors and a rejection of homogenous group assumptions ( Mohanty 1984 ). To this effect, Barberet has argued that criminologists must look beyond the rhetoric of development policies and programmes developed to address these targets if they are to ensure that the vulnerabilities of ‘women from the Global South are not essentialized or instrumentalized for the purpose of legitimising the political agendas of development actors’ (paraphrasing Barberet 2017 ; see also Barberet 2014 ). Without such a focus, the interests of development actors in and of themselves may become the focal point of SDG 5 as opposed to the needs of women. To this end, we argue, that the criminological lens assists in bringing to the fore experiences of victimization that have often been overlooked, unaccounted for and/or silenced in official accounts of gender-based violence in the Global South, but for which criminological research has long sought to understand. By extension, we acknowledge that effective policies, programmes and interventions need not originate in the Global North. Examples such as women-only police stations in Brazil ( Carrington 2015 ) and ‘Houses of Brazilian Women’ ( Pioerobom de Avila 2017 ) illustrate the potential advantages of looking to the Global South for innovative ways of responding to this issue.

Three final points are worth emphasizing here. First, as with SDG 16, the targets on gender-based violence are drafted using vague and outwardly innocuous language that often masks contentious issues. For example, there is an ongoing debate between radical and intersectional feminists about whether or not commercial sex should be treated as a form of violence against women. The consequence, argues Weitzer (2005 : 934), is that ‘Too often in this area, the cannons of scientific inquiry are suspended and research deliberately skewed to serve a particular political agenda’. UNODC has intentionally avoided adopting an official stance on this issue and does not endorse a particular regulatory approach but SDG 5.2 may nonetheless provide a platform for moral entrepreneurship. Criminologists might therefore help development actors separate evidence about commercial sex work from ideology and ensure that the language of these targets is not misconstrued for ideological purposes.

Second, applying a gendered lens to all the goals contained within the SDGs is essential to ensure that any progress made is done so with the experiences of women in mind ( UN Women 2015 ). To this end, it is important to consider the dialectical relationship between gender equality in a social and economic sense and the elimination of gender-based violence. Gender equality is requisite for eliminating violence against women on a structural level but also contingent upon the elimination of violence against women.

Finally, we feel it is important to recognize that the SDGs provide a starting point for the international community to address the high levels of violence and discrimination experienced by members of the LGBTQIA+ community worldwide. This includes state-sponsored homophobia and the persecution of sexual minorities in both the Global North and the Global South ( Gledhill 2014 ). While none of the targets for SDG 5 explicitly address the victimization of sexual minorities and non-binary individuals, the preamble to the SDGs acknowledges the right of ‘ all human beings [to] fulfill their potential in dignity and equality and in a healthy environment’ (General Assembly 70/1: 2, emphasis added). The issue has also been officially acknowledged by twelve UN agencies in a joint-statement on LGBTI discrimination and violence that was issued around the same time that the SDGs were adopted ( United Nations 2015b ).

Environmental crime and green criminology

Insofar as environmental sustainability lies at the heart of the SDGs, it is logical that criminologists with expertise on environmental crime would have much to contribute to this agenda. The most obvious contribution relates to three targets that focus on species protection and biodiversity:

SDG 14.6.1 Progress by countries in the degree of implementation of international instruments aiming to combat illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing SDG 15.7 Take urgent action to end poaching and trafficking of protected species of flora and fauna and address both demand and supply of illegal wildlife products SDG 15.C Enhance global support for efforts to combat poaching and trafficking of protected species, including by increasing the capacity of local communities to pursue sustainable livelihood opportunities (UN General Assembly Resolution 70/1)

Each of these targets denotes a different form of wildlife crime, which is an established area of empirical research and scholarship within criminology. Examples of criminological research on wildlife crime include studies of illegal poaching ( Lemieux and Clarke 2009 ), illegal wildlife trafficking ( Wyatt 2013 ), and illegal fishing ( Petrossian 2012 ). Sophisticated analyses have also provided insight into how situational crime prevention techniques and measures can be deployed to prevent wildlife crime ( Pires and Clarke 2012 ). Other work has concentrated on the importance of multi-agency participation and collaborative efforts to combat environmental crime, involving both government and non-government agencies at the local through to the international levels ( Pink and White 2016 ). This body of work is directly relevant to the collaborative efforts of UNODC and governmental environmental law enforcement agencies to combat wildlife crime but it simply denotes a starting point for thinking about how criminological research can contribute to a sustainable future.

It is in relation to overarching environmental issues such as ensuring universal access to clean water and sanitation (SDG 6), sustaining oceans and marine resources (SDG 14) and protecting and preserving territorial ecosystems (SDG 15) that we feel criminological research has much more to offer. These issues are central to research, scholarship and activism associated with green criminology which refers to the study by criminologists of environmental harms (that may incorporate wider definitions of crime than are provided by strictly legal definitions); environmental laws (including enforcement, prosecution and sentencing practices); and environmental regulation (systems of criminal, civil and administrative law designed to manage, protect and preserve specified environments and species, and to manage the negative consequences of particular industrial processes) ( White 2008 ; 2011 ; South and Brisman 2014 ). The methods of green criminology are diverse but such an approach frequently analyses discourses on power, harm and justice in order to explore the ways in which the natural environment is compromised, manipulated and abused ( Walters et al. 2013 ). This means that green criminology is intrinsically concerned with issues of social and ecological justice, the impediments to these, and how best to structure interventions that will bring environmental health and human security. For example critical green criminology has accounted for disturbing trends towards the ‘militarization’ of anti-poaching efforts the negative impact that certain types of conservation efforts have on traditional users of land ( McClanahan and Wall 2016 ; Pohja-Mykra 2016 ). It is also worth noting that the scope of study for green criminologists is often global and/or transnational due to the interconnections of communities and corporations, and the fluidity and integrity of the Earth’s natural environment. A key focus of green criminological research is harm, since many activities that threaten environmental sustainability and result in lasting ecological damage are perfectly legal (e.g. clear-felling of forests and coal-seam gas fracking).

Perhaps unsurprisingly, climate change, described by some green criminologists as ‘ecocide’, that is human actions that destroy specific eco-systems within defined geographical areas ( Higgins et al. 2013 ), represents an important area of green criminological research. Green criminologists have undertaken analyses that demonstrate the impact of ‘contrarianism’ (i.e. intentional obfuscation of issues and responses to global warming) on preventing adequate action to mitigate the causes of climate change, such as carbon emissions ( Brisman 2013 ). Related work has looked at who the ‘carbon criminals’ are, and has argued for the criminalization of activities that contribute to global warming ( White and Kramer 2015 ). This research holds relevance to the SDGs because it draws attention to the fact that changes to the bio-physical environment are not ‘natural’ or ‘inevitable’. It therefore raises questions about culpability, responsibility and accountability that are pertinent to the efforts of international actors working in the area of global climate governance. Green criminologists have also considered the de-stabilizing effects of climate change including climate-induced migration and conflict over natural resources ( White 2011 ). These are issues that hold obvious implications for human development outcomes, especially for residents of the Global South who stand to be most affected by the effects of climate change in the coming decades.

A closely related topic within green criminological research concerns the political economies of advanced capitalist societies and their contribution to ‘ecological disorganization’ ( Lynch et al. 2013 ). For example green criminologists have exposed the injustices associated with the production, transfer and disposal of pollutants and waste materials, and their material impact on human populations, nonhuman species (such as plants and animals), and eco-systems ( Ruggiero and South 2010 ). Their research further demonstrates that what happens to land, air and water vis-à-vis industrial and trade processes that have polluting and waste outcomes affects the health and wellbeing of specific people and habitats ( Ruggiero and South 2013a ). Shifting of the problem through both legal and illegal means is one concern of green criminologists ( Bisschop 2015 ). So, too, is the manner which traditional, non-Western and Indigenous peoples are disproportionately impacted upon by land grabs and by industrial processes outside of their own making ( Gedicks 2005 ; White 2011 ). This body of work is directly relevant to the international development community, in particular international financial institutions like the World Bank and regional-investment banks, because it serves as an important reminder that lacking adequate regulation and oversight, economic growth as an important structural and cultural contributor to ecological degradation, a source of environmental injustice and a threat to public health may generate conflicts that ultimately undermine Sen’s (1999) ideal of ‘development as freedom’ ( Ruggiero and South 2013b : 370).

This article has considered the potential contribution of criminological research to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The issues identified herein merely denote some logical starting points for criminological engagement with the SDGs but there are clearly other development priorities that might benefit from criminological expertise. For example, criminologists might contribute to the realization of SDG 11.7 that aspires to ‘provide universal access to safe, inclusive and accessible, green and public spaces, in particular for women and children, older persons and persons with disabilities’. They might also assist the international community in its efforts to ‘eradicate forced labour, end modern slavery and human trafficking and secure the prohibition and elimination of the worst forms of child labour’ (SDG 8.7) and ‘promote safe and secure working environments for all workers, including migrant workers, in particular women workers, and those in precarious employment’ (SDG 8.8; UN General Assembly Resolution 70/1). Our point is that criminological expertise has the potential to be an important and dynamic resource for the international development community, its international partners and its intended beneficiaries.

As we have argued, one impetus for criminologists to engage with this agenda is that the effects of crime and violence appear to be especially pronounced in many parts of the geographical Global South. We wish to reiterate however that these issues are not exclusive to the Global South and nor is their pathology necessarily ‘Southern’. Rather, criminological harms, including those perpetrated by states and corporations, are an inherent feature of any society, regardless of its overall economic or social prosperity. Their consequences may transcend national borders and impact the well-being of humans and ecosystems alike. There is little reason to assume then that criminological interventions, development programmes or economic reforms can ever fully resolve the underlying causes of many criminological harms that affect developing or developed countries, unless and until they lead to greater freedom, equality and justice. Our call for criminologists to engage with the 2030 Agenda is therefore linked with the fact that the capability approach privileges these ends over the aspiration to stimulate economic growth which, in the context of previous development paradigms, has historically served as an indirect structural and cultural contributor to criminological harms.

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Perception of Criminology Students Towards ROTC Program of Bulacan State University

8 Pages Posted: 16 Sep 2019 Last revised: 23 Sep 2019

Marvin Tullao

Bulacan State University

Date Written: September 4, 2019

The Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC) program is one (1) of the components National Service Training Program (NSTP) for which all freshmen students should undertake to finish their Baccalaureate degree courses. The ROTC as a military science components of the NSTP is an educational program which combines practical and unmatched leadership training. This study determined the perception of criminology students of Bulacan State University towards the military science of the NSTP the ROTC component.This program designed to produce quality commissioned officers in the Armed Forces of the Philippines. These Military science courses are designed to prepare criminology students to develop their leadership, discipline and community awareness in response to the disaster risk reduction program of the community. With the ROTC program helps the criminology students to succeed in their chosen field in the college and be one of the aspiring Police Officers of the Philippine National Police (PNP) and in the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP). This research study draw pertinent data and information needed to determine the Perception of Criminology students of Bulacan State University towards ROTC program, this study utilized the descriptive method of research, which refers to the description, recording analysis and interpretation of the present condition of research. Questionnaires and documentary analysis were employed as tools in order to have baseline information of the variables under study.The respondents of this study were identified through purposive sampling, The group of respondents was composed of Basic and Advance ROTC Cadets of Bulacan State University with a total number of 324 cadets. As to the manning, manning management/organization, the basic cadets perceived it to be very evident and in terms of instruction the basic cadets perceived it to be very evident.

Keywords: Education,National Service Training Program, Military Service, Descriptive

Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation

Marvin Tullao (Contact Author)

Bulacan state university ( email ).

Guinahwa City of Malolos, Bulacan 3000 Philippines

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THE CRIMINOLOGISTS IN THE POLICE SERVICE: REFLECTIONS FROM THE FIELD

This study looked into the experience of Registered Criminologists employed in the Philippine National Police (PNP) from recruitment to placement. Using qualitative research approach, the following themes were generated: 1) ?Fulfilling the Dream? (they saw themselves working in the law enforcement profession long before they actually landed on the job); 2) ?Living the Dream? (they enjoyed the perks provided by their professional license and confronted limitations missing from the curriculum); and 3) ?Embracing the Dream? (they took pride of their status in the society). Implications to theory, practice and policy were drawn to address the issues raised in the study.

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167 Top Criminology Dissertation Ideas

Are you taking criminology in college, and it is time to work on your dissertation, but it appears challenging? Many university students get stuck even before starting, but there is no need to worry because we are here to hold your hand. The first, and we must emphasize, most crucial step, is picking the title of your dissertation. So, how do you select the right criminology dissertation topic?

The best title should be unique, interesting, and have ample resources to help you craft a paper that will impress your professor and the assessment committee. To make selecting the best easier, we have picked the hottest 167 criminology dissertation ideas for you. Keep reading to identify the preferred option and use it as it is or tweak a little to fit your preference.

Criminology Dissertation Ideas on Terrorism

• Religious ideologies: Can they be a source of terrorism?
• Analyzing the relationship between media and terrorism.
• Political tensions: Are they to blame for the ever-growing number of militias on the globe?
• Comparing the trends of terror in the 19 th and 20 th centuries: A literature review.
• What are the leading causes and motivations of terrorism?
• Analyzing literature on identity theft and social media.
• What motivates women to join ISIS?
• Comparing male and female serial killers: What are the main differences?
• How does the US respond to terror threats?
• The US efforts to combat terror after the 9/11 attack: Are they effective?
• Was the US justified in killing Osama Bin Laden instead of taking him to court?
• Comparing two known terror networks of your choice in different countries.
• Terrorism from the viewpoint of international law.
• Islamic charities: Are they the main sources of finance for terrorists?
• Are recent attacks by Hamas and Israel acts of terrorism?

Criminology Dissertation Ideas about Drugs

• Analyzing the relationship between people of various backgrounds and police.
• What are the most effective methods of preventing drug trafficking internationally?
• Analyzing the effectiveness of drug courts.
• Reversible and irreversible impacts of drug abuse.
• People incarcerated for drug abuse: What are the impacts on their children?
• Club culture: How does it enhance drug abuse in the society?
• Preventing drug abuse in society: Which is more effective between voluntary learning and mandatory examination?
• Reviewing the harm done to society by drugs.
• Comparing the impacts of cannabis and alcohol on a person’s behavior.
• The most abused drugs and their effects on societal behavior.
• Cannabis and deviant behavior among youths: What is the relationship?
• Cannabis legalization: Is it a good idea? What should we expect in the coming years?
• Drug use and youth arrests: A case study of Paris, France.
• Comparing drug court operations in the UK and USA.
• War on drugs in the US: Can it solve the problem of drug abuse and crime?
• Drug testing in school.
• The influence of drugs on sexual assaults.
• Prostitution: A study of the main risk groups in the UK.
• Drug traffic tracking strategies used in the UK.
• Drug abuse in prison cells: What are the causes and effects?

Criminal Law EPQ Questions

• Harassment in school and workplace: What are the main strategies adopted to address the problem in the UK?
• Homicides: A review of motivations that make people kill.
• Are the strategies adopted by your state enough to counter juvenile delinquency?
• What is the relationship between crime in Texas and people living with mental disorders?
• Domestic violence: What are the rights of victims?
• How can the marginalized get access to justice? A case study of the Netherlands.
• A study of the main types of robberies reported in the US in the 20 th century.
• Arson investigations: How do investigators determine whether the fire was deliberate or accidental?
• What is the relationship between substance abuse and poor schooling?
• What causes addiction among cannabis users?
• What is the effectiveness of witness programs in criminal justice? A closer look at the International Criminal Court (ICC).
• Robbery: What are the main risk groups, methods of prevention, and prosecution?
• What is the effectiveness of the International Criminal Court in achieving its mandate?
• Should employers check an all applicants’ criminal history during recruitment?
• The extradition law in the United States: Is it fair?
• Maximum-security prisons: Are they justified or simply cruel?
• A study of incarcerated parent’s responsibilities. How do they cope?

Masters Dissertation Ideas for Criminology

• Death penalty in the justice system: Is it effective in crime prevention.
• The rising rates of mass shootings in the US: What are the main causes?
• Studying the impact of genocidal acts on the cohesiveness of society.
• Police shootings: Comparing top three cases in the US and the UK.
• Sex offenses: Which are the main risk groups, prevalence, and prevention efforts?
• How corruption affects the social, political and economy of a country.
• Why are most crimes in the US and UK mainly committed by the youths?
• US vs. China’s criminal justice system: What are the main differences?
• Are the current US laws on criminology effective?
• A review of the British criminology curriculum: What needs to be improved?
• Analyzing the relationship between education levels and crime levels in a country of your choice.
• What is the relationship between ownership of guns and law violations?
• Law enforcement and criminology: What are the differences?
• Does racial abuse of international students and immigrants motivate them to join criminal gangs?
• Using culture to mold responsible citizens: A case study of communities in Georgia, Europe.

Forensic Psychology Dissertation Ideas

• A comprehensive analysis of competence to stand trial concept and its application in the UK.
• The age of criminal culpability: A review of the effectiveness of this idea in criminal justice.
• The ethics of death penalty: A review of the literature.
• Studying the mind of a criminal on death row: What goes in the mind of a person on a death row hours before execution?
• Should the death penalty be used on juveniles?
• What are the chances that a person on death row can change into a law-abiding citizen?
• How does memory impact eyewitness testimony?
• Analyzing the strategies used by the justice system to evaluate the reports of eyewitnesses.
• Methods used in the UK to protect eyewitnesses.

Criminology Dissertation Ideas Mental Health

• What role do guardians play in crime prevention in society?
• A review of criminological theory in the US justice system.
• A comprehensive analysis of how persons exposed to alcohol perform in different areas of their lives.
• Sexual violence use as a weapon of armed conflict: A literature review.
• Drug abuse and media: Should media that promote the use of hard drugs be controlled?
• How effective are the methods used in rehab to counter drug addiction?
• A review of delinquent cases among immigrant teenagers in the UK.
• Why do college students engage in cases of arson?
• Evaluating how prejudice motivates violence.
• Is it possible to remain neutral in mental criminal case trials?
• Is it possible to eliminate the problem of drug abuse and related crime?
• Solitary confinement for drug traffickers: What are the implications?

Criminology Dissertation Ideas UK

• How does the UK government respond to terror threats?
• Rehabilitation centers in the UK: What roles do they play in addressing crime?
• Racial stereotyping and crime in the UK: What is the relationship?
• A discourse evaluation: How has coronavirus shaped crime in the UK?
• Do urban settings in the UK act as breeding grounds for criminals?
• A critical review of the police force and crime in the UK.
• Interrogation by police officers: How does it work?
• A study of the main categories of crime in the UK.
• A review of the latest innovations in experimental criminology.
• Identify theft in the UK: What are the main consequences for perpetrators?
• Online child predators: How effective are the UK laws in protecting children?
• Is it possible to have a crime-free society?
• Which crime has a greater impact on society in the UK? Comparing street crimes and white-collar crimes.
• A review of the main principles applied in crime prevention in the UK justice system.

Controversial Criminology Dissertation Topics

• The less explored world of male rape in the society.
• Abortion: Should it be categorized as a crime?
• Parental separation: How does it result in future violence?
• Information sharing technology: How does it help fight the problem of terrorism?
• Back lives matter campaigns: Were they marred with violence instead of search for justice?
• Coronavirus has accelerated crime in the society more than any other time in the past.
• Do prisons help to correct bad behavior for the incarcerated?
• Facebook helps to encourage more negative behavior than promoting socialization.
• Domestic violence: Who suffers more between men and women?
• Human trafficking has one main role of sexual exploitation.
• On domestic violence, the law is subjective on males.
• The government should increase the age limit for citizens to acquire national IDs.
• Social media is the main source of moral panic in society.
• Music is a major contributor to crime in society.

Criminology Dissertation Ideas on Domestic Violence

• Theoretical perspectives on domestic violence.
• Applying the control balance theory in domestic violence.
• Popular culture and domestic violence: Are they related?
• The effects of homelessness on domestic violence: A case study of Texas.
• A review of cross-cultural perspectives on domestic violence.
• Comparing the rates of domestic violence in the US and India.
• Trends of domestic violence in Spain.
• Analyzing the main legal issues for women who are victims of domestic violence.
• A review of domestic violence within the military families.
• Analyzing police decision-making factors when dealing with domestic cases.
• Male victims of domestic violence: Why do most of them opt to keep quiet and stick with abusive partners?
• Mothers who kill: What are the motivating factors?
• Postpartum depression and domestic violence: How are they related?

Interesting Criminology Dissertation Titles

• Comparing the impacts of crime to those of natural disasters: A literature review.
• Is the education system in the globe failing in shaping good morals?
• A review of sexual aggression by women in ASIA.
• Acquainting rape perpetrators on bail terms: Is it acceptable? What does the law say?
• Regulating prostitution in the society: Is it enough to reduce crime?
• Corruption comes from limitations.
• A study of the connections between law violation and family status.
• Prostitution regulation: Can it stop crime?
• Use of expert testimony in domestic violence cases.
• Should we ban police from carrying guns in public?
• How does systemic bias impact criminal justice?
• Genetics: A comprehensive review of illegal researches and associated dangers.
• Assessing the effectiveness of street lighting in reducing crime.
• What role do psychometric assessments play in criminal justice?
• Is crime rate related to neighborhoods? A literature review.
• How has counterfeiting changed with the development of new technologies?

Criminology Dissertation Ideas about Prisons

• Forced labor among prisoners: Is it a good method of correction?
• Why is drug violence a problem in many US jails?
• A review of prison gangs in a prison of your choice.
• Training correctional officers in the UK: How effective is the training in enhancing the efficiency of correctional facilities?
• A review of the efforts used to address child molesters in prison.
• A review of study programs offered in prisons.
• Healthcare system in the UK prisons: Is it effective?
• A review of police corruption in prisons: Comparing the prisons in the 19 th and 20 th centuries.
• What are the main causes of high recidivism in the US?
• How do women end up in prisons? A review of common causes.
• Prisons through the UK history.
• How well are inmates prepared for re-entry into the society after serving jail terms?
• Racial profiling in the US prisons.
• Aggressive behavior: How is it related to criminal tendencies?
• Comparing human trafficking in the modern and classic worlds: What are the main differences?
• Comparing women’s recidivism rates in the US to those of Australia.

Knife Crime Dissertation Titles

• Knife crime in the US: Applying the criminology theory.
• Comparing knife crimes in Europe and Asia
• What are the motivating factors for knife criminals?
• Knife laws in the US: Analyzing the effectiveness of the pocket knife rules & laws.
• Comparing the knife rules of the United States to those of the UK.
• A review of knife crimes trends in the 21 st century.

Criminology Dissertation Help by Best Writers a Click Away

Now that we have looked at the best titles, from terrorism dissertation ideas to criminology topics on drugs, have you picked the preferred option? If “yes,” you are one step in the right direction. However, the next step of writing the dissertation is longer and requires a deep understanding of criminology. You also need excellent writing skills, time, and access to all the required resources. If you do not have the combination of all the above, which happens regularly to most students, you have a way out – seeking help from the best writers online. Our custom writing service stands taller than others because we have top-notch ENL writers who stop at nothing in ensuring clients get high grades. They have a lot of experience in the discipline and can work on any topic, from criminology and psychology dissertation ideas to terrorism-related topics. Again, they are fast and can easily beat even the toughest deadline. Our service is also cheap. Do not let the criminology dissertation stress you in any way – our expert can help you complete it professionally and fast too!

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