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“Assignments enable faculty to save time on the mundane parts of grading and...spend more time on providing more personalized and relevant feedback to students.” Benjamin Hommerding , Technology Innovationist, St. Norbert College

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Understanding Assignments

What this handout is about.

The first step in any successful college writing venture is reading the assignment. While this sounds like a simple task, it can be a tough one. This handout will help you unravel your assignment and begin to craft an effective response. Much of the following advice will involve translating typical assignment terms and practices into meaningful clues to the type of writing your instructor expects. See our short video for more tips.

Basic beginnings

Regardless of the assignment, department, or instructor, adopting these two habits will serve you well :

• Read the assignment carefully as soon as you receive it. Do not put this task off—reading the assignment at the beginning will save you time, stress, and problems later. An assignment can look pretty straightforward at first, particularly if the instructor has provided lots of information. That does not mean it will not take time and effort to complete; you may even have to learn a new skill to complete the assignment.
• Ask the instructor about anything you do not understand. Do not hesitate to approach your instructor. Instructors would prefer to set you straight before you hand the paper in. That’s also when you will find their feedback most useful.

Assignment formats

Many assignments follow a basic format. Assignments often begin with an overview of the topic, include a central verb or verbs that describe the task, and offer some additional suggestions, questions, or prompts to get you started.

An Overview of Some Kind

The instructor might set the stage with some general discussion of the subject of the assignment, introduce the topic, or remind you of something pertinent that you have discussed in class. For example:

“Throughout history, gerbils have played a key role in politics,” or “In the last few weeks of class, we have focused on the evening wear of the housefly …”

The Task of the Assignment

Pay attention; this part tells you what to do when you write the paper. Look for the key verb or verbs in the sentence. Words like analyze, summarize, or compare direct you to think about your topic in a certain way. Also pay attention to words such as how, what, when, where, and why; these words guide your attention toward specific information. (See the section in this handout titled “Key Terms” for more information.)

“Analyze the effect that gerbils had on the Russian Revolution”, or “Suggest an interpretation of housefly undergarments that differs from Darwin’s.”

Additional Material to Think about

Here you will find some questions to use as springboards as you begin to think about the topic. Instructors usually include these questions as suggestions rather than requirements. Do not feel compelled to answer every question unless the instructor asks you to do so. Pay attention to the order of the questions. Sometimes they suggest the thinking process your instructor imagines you will need to follow to begin thinking about the topic.

“You may wish to consider the differing views held by Communist gerbils vs. Monarchist gerbils, or Can there be such a thing as ‘the housefly garment industry’ or is it just a home-based craft?”

These are the instructor’s comments about writing expectations:

“Be concise”, “Write effectively”, or “Argue furiously.”

Technical Details

These instructions usually indicate format rules or guidelines.

“Your paper must be typed in Palatino font on gray paper and must not exceed 600 pages. It is due on the anniversary of Mao Tse-tung’s death.”

The assignment’s parts may not appear in exactly this order, and each part may be very long or really short. Nonetheless, being aware of this standard pattern can help you understand what your instructor wants you to do.

Interpreting the assignment

Ask yourself a few basic questions as you read and jot down the answers on the assignment sheet:

Why did your instructor ask you to do this particular task?

Who is your audience.

• What kind of evidence do you need to support your ideas?

What kind of writing style is acceptable?

• What are the absolute rules of the paper?

Try to look at the question from the point of view of the instructor. Recognize that your instructor has a reason for giving you this assignment and for giving it to you at a particular point in the semester. In every assignment, the instructor has a challenge for you. This challenge could be anything from demonstrating an ability to think clearly to demonstrating an ability to use the library. See the assignment not as a vague suggestion of what to do but as an opportunity to show that you can handle the course material as directed. Paper assignments give you more than a topic to discuss—they ask you to do something with the topic. Keep reminding yourself of that. Be careful to avoid the other extreme as well: do not read more into the assignment than what is there.

Of course, your instructor has given you an assignment so that they will be able to assess your understanding of the course material and give you an appropriate grade. But there is more to it than that. Your instructor has tried to design a learning experience of some kind. Your instructor wants you to think about something in a particular way for a particular reason. If you read the course description at the beginning of your syllabus, review the assigned readings, and consider the assignment itself, you may begin to see the plan, purpose, or approach to the subject matter that your instructor has created for you. If you still aren’t sure of the assignment’s goals, try asking the instructor. For help with this, see our handout on getting feedback .

Given your instructor’s efforts, it helps to answer the question: What is my purpose in completing this assignment? Is it to gather research from a variety of outside sources and present a coherent picture? Is it to take material I have been learning in class and apply it to a new situation? Is it to prove a point one way or another? Key words from the assignment can help you figure this out. Look for key terms in the form of active verbs that tell you what to do.

Key Terms: Finding Those Active Verbs

Here are some common key words and definitions to help you think about assignment terms:

Information words Ask you to demonstrate what you know about the subject, such as who, what, when, where, how, and why.

• define —give the subject’s meaning (according to someone or something). Sometimes you have to give more than one view on the subject’s meaning
• describe —provide details about the subject by answering question words (such as who, what, when, where, how, and why); you might also give details related to the five senses (what you see, hear, feel, taste, and smell)
• explain —give reasons why or examples of how something happened
• illustrate —give descriptive examples of the subject and show how each is connected with the subject
• summarize —briefly list the important ideas you learned about the subject
• trace —outline how something has changed or developed from an earlier time to its current form
• research —gather material from outside sources about the subject, often with the implication or requirement that you will analyze what you have found

Relation words Ask you to demonstrate how things are connected.

• compare —show how two or more things are similar (and, sometimes, different)
• contrast —show how two or more things are dissimilar
• apply—use details that you’ve been given to demonstrate how an idea, theory, or concept works in a particular situation
• cause —show how one event or series of events made something else happen
• relate —show or describe the connections between things

Interpretation words Ask you to defend ideas of your own about the subject. Do not see these words as requesting opinion alone (unless the assignment specifically says so), but as requiring opinion that is supported by concrete evidence. Remember examples, principles, definitions, or concepts from class or research and use them in your interpretation.

• assess —summarize your opinion of the subject and measure it against something
• prove, justify —give reasons or examples to demonstrate how or why something is the truth
• evaluate, respond —state your opinion of the subject as good, bad, or some combination of the two, with examples and reasons
• support —give reasons or evidence for something you believe (be sure to state clearly what it is that you believe)
• synthesize —put two or more things together that have not been put together in class or in your readings before; do not just summarize one and then the other and say that they are similar or different—you must provide a reason for putting them together that runs all the way through the paper
• analyze —determine how individual parts create or relate to the whole, figure out how something works, what it might mean, or why it is important
• argue —take a side and defend it with evidence against the other side

More Clues to Your Purpose As you read the assignment, think about what the teacher does in class:

• What kinds of textbooks or coursepack did your instructor choose for the course—ones that provide background information, explain theories or perspectives, or argue a point of view?
• In lecture, does your instructor ask your opinion, try to prove their point of view, or use keywords that show up again in the assignment?
• What kinds of assignments are typical in this discipline? Social science classes often expect more research. Humanities classes thrive on interpretation and analysis.
• How do the assignments, readings, and lectures work together in the course? Instructors spend time designing courses, sometimes even arguing with their peers about the most effective course materials. Figuring out the overall design to the course will help you understand what each assignment is meant to achieve.

Now, what about your reader? Most undergraduates think of their audience as the instructor. True, your instructor is a good person to keep in mind as you write. But for the purposes of a good paper, think of your audience as someone like your roommate: smart enough to understand a clear, logical argument, but not someone who already knows exactly what is going on in your particular paper. Remember, even if the instructor knows everything there is to know about your paper topic, they still have to read your paper and assess your understanding. In other words, teach the material to your reader.

Aiming a paper at your audience happens in two ways: you make decisions about the tone and the level of information you want to convey.

• Tone means the “voice” of your paper. Should you be chatty, formal, or objective? Usually you will find some happy medium—you do not want to alienate your reader by sounding condescending or superior, but you do not want to, um, like, totally wig on the man, you know? Eschew ostentatious erudition: some students think the way to sound academic is to use big words. Be careful—you can sound ridiculous, especially if you use the wrong big words.
• The level of information you use depends on who you think your audience is. If you imagine your audience as your instructor and they already know everything you have to say, you may find yourself leaving out key information that can cause your argument to be unconvincing and illogical. But you do not have to explain every single word or issue. If you are telling your roommate what happened on your favorite science fiction TV show last night, you do not say, “First a dark-haired white man of average height, wearing a suit and carrying a flashlight, walked into the room. Then a purple alien with fifteen arms and at least three eyes turned around. Then the man smiled slightly. In the background, you could hear a clock ticking. The room was fairly dark and had at least two windows that I saw.” You also do not say, “This guy found some aliens. The end.” Find some balance of useful details that support your main point.

You’ll find a much more detailed discussion of these concepts in our handout on audience .

The Grim Truth

With a few exceptions (including some lab and ethnography reports), you are probably being asked to make an argument. You must convince your audience. It is easy to forget this aim when you are researching and writing; as you become involved in your subject matter, you may become enmeshed in the details and focus on learning or simply telling the information you have found. You need to do more than just repeat what you have read. Your writing should have a point, and you should be able to say it in a sentence. Sometimes instructors call this sentence a “thesis” or a “claim.”

So, if your instructor tells you to write about some aspect of oral hygiene, you do not want to just list: “First, you brush your teeth with a soft brush and some peanut butter. Then, you floss with unwaxed, bologna-flavored string. Finally, gargle with bourbon.” Instead, you could say, “Of all the oral cleaning methods, sandblasting removes the most plaque. Therefore it should be recommended by the American Dental Association.” Or, “From an aesthetic perspective, moldy teeth can be quite charming. However, their joys are short-lived.”

Convincing the reader of your argument is the goal of academic writing. It doesn’t have to say “argument” anywhere in the assignment for you to need one. Look at the assignment and think about what kind of argument you could make about it instead of just seeing it as a checklist of information you have to present. For help with understanding the role of argument in academic writing, see our handout on argument .

What kind of evidence do you need?

There are many kinds of evidence, and what type of evidence will work for your assignment can depend on several factors–the discipline, the parameters of the assignment, and your instructor’s preference. Should you use statistics? Historical examples? Do you need to conduct your own experiment? Can you rely on personal experience? See our handout on evidence for suggestions on how to use evidence appropriately.

Make sure you are clear about this part of the assignment, because your use of evidence will be crucial in writing a successful paper. You are not just learning how to argue; you are learning how to argue with specific types of materials and ideas. Ask your instructor what counts as acceptable evidence. You can also ask a librarian for help. No matter what kind of evidence you use, be sure to cite it correctly—see the UNC Libraries citation tutorial .

You cannot always tell from the assignment just what sort of writing style your instructor expects. The instructor may be really laid back in class but still expect you to sound formal in writing. Or the instructor may be fairly formal in class and ask you to write a reflection paper where you need to use “I” and speak from your own experience.

Try to avoid false associations of a particular field with a style (“art historians like wacky creativity,” or “political scientists are boring and just give facts”) and look instead to the types of readings you have been given in class. No one expects you to write like Plato—just use the readings as a guide for what is standard or preferable to your instructor. When in doubt, ask your instructor about the level of formality they expect.

No matter what field you are writing for or what facts you are including, if you do not write so that your reader can understand your main idea, you have wasted your time. So make clarity your main goal. For specific help with style, see our handout on style .

Technical details about the assignment

The technical information you are given in an assignment always seems like the easy part. This section can actually give you lots of little hints about approaching the task. Find out if elements such as page length and citation format (see the UNC Libraries citation tutorial ) are negotiable. Some professors do not have strong preferences as long as you are consistent and fully answer the assignment. Some professors are very specific and will deduct big points for deviations.

Usually, the page length tells you something important: The instructor thinks the size of the paper is appropriate to the assignment’s parameters. In plain English, your instructor is telling you how many pages it should take for you to answer the question as fully as you are expected to. So if an assignment is two pages long, you cannot pad your paper with examples or reword your main idea several times. Hit your one point early, defend it with the clearest example, and finish quickly. If an assignment is ten pages long, you can be more complex in your main points and examples—and if you can only produce five pages for that assignment, you need to see someone for help—as soon as possible.

Tricks that don’t work

Your instructors are not fooled when you:

• spend more time on the cover page than the essay —graphics, cool binders, and cute titles are no replacement for a well-written paper.
• use huge fonts, wide margins, or extra spacing to pad the page length —these tricks are immediately obvious to the eye. Most instructors use the same word processor you do. They know what’s possible. Such tactics are especially damning when the instructor has a stack of 60 papers to grade and yours is the only one that low-flying airplane pilots could read.
• use a paper from another class that covered “sort of similar” material . Again, the instructor has a particular task for you to fulfill in the assignment that usually relates to course material and lectures. Your other paper may not cover this material, and turning in the same paper for more than one course may constitute an Honor Code violation . Ask the instructor—it can’t hurt.
• get all wacky and “creative” before you answer the question . Showing that you are able to think beyond the boundaries of a simple assignment can be good, but you must do what the assignment calls for first. Again, check with your instructor. A humorous tone can be refreshing for someone grading a stack of papers, but it will not get you a good grade if you have not fulfilled the task.

Critical reading of assignments leads to skills in other types of reading and writing. If you get good at figuring out what the real goals of assignments are, you are going to be better at understanding the goals of all of your classes and fields of study.

You may reproduce it for non-commercial use if you use the entire handout and attribute the source: The Writing Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

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The 5 Best Assignment Help Websites for College Students

The popularity of professional assignment help websites has grown significantly during the pandemic times when most students had to make a complex shift and start with their online studies.

There were numerous challenges that had to be faced, including heavy workload issues, misunderstanding of the grading rubric, and academic pressure.

The majority of students approach online help as a way to avoid plagiarism and receive better grades as they share their concerns with trained experts.

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Check out a list of reliable assignment help offerings online aimed at college students!

The Best Assignment Help Websites for College Students

1. assignmentbro.

Company’s History. This friendly company belongs to relatively new offerings, yet they have already earned the hearts and minds of school and college students worldwide. They are reputable and always place the client’s needs first, as they are managed by a great team of university graduates who know what students are going through.

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Quality of Assignments. Our Law assignment has been delivered on time, and the paper has been free of grammar or style mistakes. The formatting has been done properly, and the content itself has been done professionally with all citations in place.

Prices. As we looked for the best assignment services, we wanted to approach only the most affordable services where the quality still remains high. At AssignmentBro, they do not have a fixed price, which is a good thing because you can negotiate the final price. Our price depended on our subject, the qualification of the writer, and the deadline. It was affordable!

Reviews. Their Sitejabber page shows that they have 4.7 stars based on 53 reviews. People praise them for their affordability and their friendly attitude. The Trustpilot page has 4.4 stars based on 29 reviews. Their writers are always praised as well as their support team.

Customer Support. It deserves six stars out of five because they are the most caring and friendliest when it comes to getting your challenges fixed.

Why Choose It? A young company that is aimed at getting you understood as you ask for academic writing help. Affordable and high-quality writing with a plethora of helpful free tools.

2. A Research Guide

Company’s History. This great service has been around for more than 10 years now, yet they are rarely mentioned when the best assignment writing services are mentioned. The reason for that is that they are not your typical company because it is a great hub for all things research writing. They offer free materials, tutorials, and templates even before you place an order.

Reliability. They cooperate with numerous institutions and businesses as they offer innovative research paper writing assistance and explore all the latest and most efficient ways to deliver excellent research. They have won several awards in the field and represent a fully legit service.

Quality of Assignments. This is where they truly stand out, as their specialists will ask you all the possible questions before they match you with a specialist in their field. We have approached them for a Political Sciences research paper, and they have delivered an excellent paper with credible sources, formatting, and high-quality research.

Prices. The prices start at $14.99 per page and belong to more expensive writing solutions. Still, when you think about the direct communication and assistance that you receive, it’s totally worth it.

Online Reviews. This is where things get rather rough, as the number of reviews is extremely limited. Still, we could find out feedback from professional educators, online course creators, and dissertation-writing students who needed complex research. Their testimonials speak in favor of the company’s reputation.

Customer Support. The support agents represent experienced researchers who will happily guide you through the website and help you with anything. They are available 24/7.

Why Choose It? Look no further if you need serious research paper writing help and want to enjoy freebies that will help you to deliver a perfect assignment.

3. EduBirdie

Company’s History. The company is one of the most famous names in the industry. Their website states that they have been offering legit academic help since 2014. The company runs a blog and stands at the top of technical and academic innovations.

Reliability. They let you talk to your writer directly and provide free paper revisions. If you are not happy with the paper, they offer full refunds. The reviews online show that they are safe to use and follow their promises.

Quality of Assignments. Speaking of online assignment help websites, they offer timely delivery and focus on anything from essay writing and dissertations to personal statement writing and online exams. Placing an order with them, our experts received expert assistance, and the paper contained no grammar, style, or plagiarism issues.

Prices. The prices here start at $13.99 per page and remain affordable if we compare these services to similar offerings online. They implement a bidding system so your final price will depend on the writing quality chosen, the subject, the deadline, and the popularity of your subject.

Online Reviews. This company is constantly mentioned on Sitejabber, Trustpilot, and YouTube (they have their channel), and they are popular among social media users. They are rated at 4.7 out of 5 total points, which is a sign of reliability. Most of their clients are happy with the results.

Customer Support. They are trained well and respond immediately. We had a nice experience talking to the support agents. They are available 24/7 and offer human help with no bots.

Why Choose It? The positive reputation of the company and the chance to talk to your writer directly place them at the top of the most popular assignment help websites you can find these days. They are plagiarism-free and offer reliable quality at an affordable price.

4. SameDayPapers

Company’s History. The company has been around since 2017 and started out in Great Britain and Australia. Later on, they added affordable writing help services in the United States as well. They are the best choice if you are an ESL student or a learner looking for complex custom assignments that focus on Sociology, Psychology, History, or Engineering.

Reliability. They offer free paper revisions and also provide you with a free tool to check your grammar. Regarding the plagiarism, they also let you check things free of charge. Employing native English speakers, they are very strict about their writers and let you cooperate with verified specialists.

Quality of Assignments. Placing an order is easy and logical here, which clearly shows that we are dealing with the best website for assignment help. Checking the paper on Psychology, we can state that it has been delivered even earlier than our deadline. The paper was original, had excellent formatting, and the content has been up to the highest standards.

Prices. They represent an affordable and the best website to do assignments, with their prices starting at $12.99. If you are looking for reliable editing services, the prices will start at $5.5 per page.

Online Reviews. Researching this company’s background, we could locate over two hundred reviews. Most of them are positive and come from the United States, the UK, and Australian users. The total rating is 4.38/5 points.

Customer Support. It’s available for American users, and they respond right away by assisting you with anything from placing an order to finding a specialist that matches your needs.

Why Choose It? It’s one of the global companies that implement verified writers and can offer professional assistance. There are also UK and Australian branches, should you need specific help or sources.

5. EduZaurus

Company’s History. The story of this amazing sample essay database and academic writing company dates back to June 2015. Since then, they have collected a great resource for students coming from all disciplines. The company’s website claims that they have completed over 100,000 assignments as 2021 has started. They provide hundreds of skilled writers, yet what makes them unique is a great collection of free essay samples. It makes them one of the best choices when you need inspiration.

Reliability. Offering legit academic assistance, they can be safely marked as the best assignment writing help service for their collection of samples alone that showcases their work and provides a general idea of what can be expected. There are free revisions and refunds.

Quality of Assignments. Placing an order for the coursework paper in Journalism, we received an excellent document that has been formatted correctly and contained high originality. The grammar and style have been done well. The delivery has been set to only eight hours, yet the paper has been delivered on time.

Prices. Since there are many factors that affect the price per page (writer’s level, your deadline, task specifics), our price has started at $25 per page, yet the general pricing can vary between $20 and $50 if your order is urgent. The prices with a longer deadline start at $12.99 per page. Remember that you should always wait for the best bids to appear.

Online Reviews. Sitejabber users gave them 4.52 stars out of 5 based on 29 reviews. As for TrustPilot, they’ve earned 4.3 out of 5 stars based on 15 testimonials. Most people praise them for being legit and trustworthy.

Customer Support. They have an online chat feature, which is available 24/7. The support remains friendly even if you run into problems.

Why Choose It? This service is the best choice when it comes to finding free samples for inspiration, yet their writing assistance is also up to the highest standards. They cover a wide range of subjects and have a minimum deadline of 3 hours that actually works.

Where Can I Find Trustworthy Assignment Help?

You can find it online, as there are numerous offerings.

As a way to save time, we have tested and evaluated five of the best homework help websites that can be trusted.

Take your time to explore them and see which of them fits your academic needs first.

What is The Best Assignment Help Website You Can Recommend?

While the “best” is always subjective, you may safely check these five entries explored above.

Each of them is different and provides specific benefits in each case

A Research Guide service is the best choice for research paper writing, while EduZaurus will provide you with a great selection of free samples!

Is Assignment Help Described Legit?

Absolutely! Every assignment help website on our list has been tested in terms of being legit .

These services are acknowledged providers of academic help online and are absolutely safe to use, as many online reviews can confirm.

Sharing Your Instructions Well is Essential!

As you are looking through websites that do your homework online, remember that you should always start with careful preparation and sorting of your instructions.

These must be shared with a chosen specialist and have a clear description because it is the only way to achieve success and the necessary degree of clarity.

Although many services like EduBirdie or AssignmentBro let you talk to your writer directly, you must be precise with your instructions and share anything from the assignment grading rubric to the comments and recommendations from your college professor.

It will help you to get the best quality and save time as you avoid mistakes and explain what you expect to see as you place your assignment request.

Regardless if you require research paper writing services or seek an expert who can proofread your work and fix grammar mistakes, sharing your instructions should always come first!

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• Natural sciences. We are looking for freelance writers in Biology, Physics, Chemistry, Geology, Geography, Ecology, and Astronomy. If you have in-depth knowledge in Quantum or Cell biology, Space physics, or Nuclear chemistry (just as well as the rest of domains), and are looking for a position that gives you freedom in organizing your working hours – choose freelance writing jobs at biz.
• Technical studies. We are looking for specialists in Engineering, Informatics, Transport, Telecommunication, Architecture, Technology, Avionics, Food manufacturing industry, Computer science, Electronics, etc. We assume, we need writers specialized in any area of listed studies. Taking grant writing jobs at our website, you take your chance for independence. On our list, we include both the most common and the rarest spheres: from Radio electronics, Electrical engineering, and Modern architecture to Space syntax, Biological engineering, and Sumerian architecture.
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Learning & Education

Google Assignments, your new grading companion

Aug 14, 2019

[[read-time]] min read

Instructors lose valuable time doing cumbersome tasks: writing the same comment on multiple essays, returning piles of paper assignments, and battling copy machine jams. These frustrations are most often felt by instructors with the highest teaching workloads and the least time. For the last five years, we’ve been building tools—like Classroom and Quizzes in Google Forms—to address these challenges. Now you can take advantage of these tools if you use a traditional Learning Management System (LMS). 

Assignments brings together the capabilities of Google Docs, Drive and Search into a new tool for collecting and grading student work. It helps you save time with streamlined assignment workflows, ensure student work is authentic with originality reports, and give constructive feedback with comment banks. You can use Assignments as a standalone tool and a companion to your LMS (no setup required!) or your school admin can integrate it with your LMS. Sign up today to try Assignments.

If you're one of the 40 million people using Classroom: you've got the best of Assignments already baked in, including our new originality reports . For everyone else, Assignments gives you access to these features as a compliment to your school’s LMS. 

Assignments is your tireless grading companion

Using an LMS can create more work than it saves: students turn in all kinds of files, you have to download and re-upload student files one-by-one, and what if students can keep editing after they already turned in their work? Assignments handles all this for you.

Assignments streamlines the creation and management of coursework, and tackles some of your biggest frustrations:

Stop typing the same feedback over and over by using a comment bank, and never worry about pressing the “save” button again

Check student work for originality and automatically lock work once it’s turned in

Assign files with the option to send each student a copy (no more copy machines!)

Grade assignments for an entire class with a student switcher and rubrics, and review any file type without leaving your grading interface

Comment and leave suggestions on student work with Google Docs

Instructors and students can attach anything to assignments: Docs or Word files for papers, spreadsheets for data analysis, slides for presentations, sites for digital portfolios or final projects, Colab notebooks for programming exercises, and much more. 

Help students turn in their best work with originality reports

With originality reports in Assignments, you can check student work for missed citations and possible plagiarism without interrupting your grading workflow. When students turn in a document, Assignments will check students’ text against hundreds of billions of web pages and tens of millions of books. 

If you enable originality reports on an assignment, students can also check their work for authenticity (a limited number of times) to correct issues, turn in their best work, and save instructors time grading. Since both you and your students can see originality reports, they’re designed to help you teach your students about authenticity and academic integrity. 

Getting started with Assignments

Starting today, you can sign up to get access to Assignments when it becomes available in a few weeks. Assignments will be available for free as part of G Suite for Education and can be used by instructors alongside or integrated with an LMS. 

Instructors can use Assignments even if your school has an LMS. There’s no setup required, all you need is to sign up and have a school-issued Google account. 

Admins can turn on access to Assignments within your LMS. Assignments is available as an LTI tool, which provides a more integrated experience and enables roster syncing and grade transmission to your LMS gradebook. Assignments is an improved and expanded version of Course Kit, so if you’re already in the Course Kit beta, you’ll automatically have access to Assignments. 

If you use Canvas, we’ve worked with their team to complement the Assignments LTI tool with a set of additional features that make Docs and Drive work seamlessly across all Canvas assignments. 

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How to write the best college assignments.

By Lois Weldon

When it comes to writing assignments, it is difficult to find a conceptualized guide with clear and simple tips that are easy to follow. That’s exactly what this guide will provide: few simple tips on how to write great assignments, right when you need them. Some of these points will probably be familiar to you, but there is no harm in being reminded of the most important things before you start writing the assignments, which are usually determining on your credits.

The most important aspects: Outline and Introduction

Preparation is the key to success, especially when it comes to academic assignments. It is recommended to always write an outline before you start writing the actual assignment. The outline should include the main points of discussion, which will keep you focused throughout the work and will make your key points clearly defined. Outlining the assignment will save you a lot of time because it will organize your thoughts and make your literature searches much easier. The outline will also help you to create different sections and divide up the word count between them, which will make the assignment more organized.

The introduction is the next important part you should focus on. This is the part that defines the quality of your assignment in the eyes of the reader. The introduction must include a brief background on the main points of discussion, the purpose of developing such work and clear indications on how the assignment is being organized. Keep this part brief, within one or two paragraphs.

This is an example of including the above mentioned points into the introduction of an assignment that elaborates the topic of obesity reaching proportions:

Background : The twenty first century is characterized by many public health challenges, among which obesity takes a major part. The increasing prevalence of obesity is creating an alarming situation in both developed and developing regions of the world.

Structure and aim : This assignment will elaborate and discuss the specific pattern of obesity epidemic development, as well as its epidemiology. Debt, trade and globalization will also be analyzed as factors that led to escalation of the problem. Moreover, the assignment will discuss the governmental interventions that make efforts to address this issue.

Practical tips on assignment writing

Here are some practical tips that will keep your work focused and effective:

–         Critical thinking – Academic writing has to be characterized by critical thinking, not only to provide the work with the needed level, but also because it takes part in the final mark.

–         Continuity of ideas – When you get to the middle of assignment, things can get confusing. You have to make sure that the ideas are flowing continuously within and between paragraphs, so the reader will be enabled to follow the argument easily. Dividing the work in different paragraphs is very important for this purpose.

–         Usage of ‘you’ and ‘I’ – According to the academic writing standards, the assignments should be written in an impersonal language, which means that the usage of ‘you’ and ‘I’ should be avoided. The only acceptable way of building your arguments is by using opinions and evidence from authoritative sources.

–         Referencing – this part of the assignment is extremely important and it takes a big part in the final mark. Make sure to use either Vancouver or Harvard referencing systems, and use the same system in the bibliography and while citing work of other sources within the text.  

–         Usage of examples – A clear understanding on your assignment’s topic should be provided by comparing different sources and identifying their strengths and weaknesses in an objective manner. This is the part where you should show how the knowledge can be applied into practice.

–         Numbering and bullets – Instead of using numbering and bullets, the academic writing style prefers the usage of paragraphs.

–         Including figures and tables – The figures and tables are an effective way of conveying information to the reader in a clear manner, without disturbing the word count. Each figure and table should have clear headings and you should make sure to mention their sources in the bibliography.

–         Word count – the word count of your assignment mustn’t be far above or far below the required word count. The outline will provide you with help in this aspect, so make sure to plan the work in order to keep it within the boundaries.

The importance of an effective conclusion

The conclusion of your assignment is your ultimate chance to provide powerful arguments that will impress the reader. The conclusion in academic writing is usually expressed through three main parts:

–         Stating the context and aim of the assignment

–         Summarizing the main points briefly

–         Providing final comments with consideration of the future (discussing clear examples of things that can be done in order to improve the situation concerning your topic of discussion).

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Lois Weldon is writer at  Uk.bestdissertation.com . Lives happily at London with her husband and lovely daughter. Adores writing tips for students. Passionate about Star Wars and yoga.

7 comments on “How To Write The Best College Assignments”

Extremely useful tip for students wanting to score well on their assignments. I concur with the writer that writing an outline before ACTUALLY starting to write assignments is extremely important. I have observed students who start off quite well but they tend to lose focus in between which causes them to lose marks. So an outline helps them to maintain the theme focused.

Hello Great information…. write assignments

Well elabrated

Thanks for the information. This site has amazing articles. Looking forward to continuing on this site.

This article is certainly going to help student . Well written.

Really good, thanks

Practical tips on assignment writing, the’re fantastic. Thank you!

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Sat / act prep online guides and tips, the 5 best homework help websites (free and paid).

Other High School , General Education

Listen: we know homework isn’t fun, but it is a good way to reinforce the ideas and concepts you’ve learned in class. But what if you’re really struggling with your homework assignments?

If you’ve looked online for a little extra help with your take-home assignments, you’ve probably stumbled across websites claiming to provide the homework help and answers students need to succeed . But can homework help sites really make a difference? And if so, which are the best homework help websites you can use? 

Below, we answer these questions and more about homework help websites–free and paid. We’ll go over: 

• The basics of homework help websites
• The cost of homework help websites 
• The five best homework websites out there 
• The pros and cons of using these websites for homework help 
• The line between “learning” and “cheating” when using online homework help 
• Tips for getting the most out of a homework help website

So let’s get started! 

The Basics About Homework Help Websites–Free and Paid

Homework help websites are designed to help you complete your homework assignments, plain and simple. 

What Makes a Homework Help Site Worth Using

Most of the best sites allow users to ask questions and then provide an answer (or multiple possible answers) and explanation in seconds. In some instances, you can even send a photo of a particular assignment or problem instead of typing the whole thing out! 

Homework help sites also offer more than just help answering homework questions. Common services provided are Q&A with experts, educational videos, lectures, practice tests and quizzes, learning modules, math solving tools, and proofreading help. Homework help sites can also provide textbook solutions (i.e. answers to problems in tons of different textbooks your school might be using), one-on-one tutoring, and peer-to-peer platforms that allow you to discuss subjects you’re learning about with your fellow students. 

And best of all, nearly all of them offer their services 24/7, including tutoring! 

What You Should Should Look Out For

When it comes to homework help, there are lots–and we mean lots –of scam sites out there willing to prey on desperate students. Before you sign up for any service, make sure you read reviews to ensure you’re working with a legitimate company. 

A word to the wise: the more a company advertises help that veers into the territory of cheating, the more likely it is to be a scam. The best homework help websites are going to help you learn the concepts you’ll need to successfully complete your homework on your own. (We’ll go over the difference between “homework help” and “cheating” a little later!) 

You don't need a golden piggy bank to use homework help websites. Some provide low or no cost help for students like you!

How Expensive Are the Best Homework Help Websites?

First of all, just because a homework help site costs money doesn’t mean it’s a good service. Likewise, just because a homework help website is free doesn’t mean the help isn’t high quality. To find the best websites, you have to take a close look at the quality and types of information they provide! 

When it comes to paid homework help services, the prices vary pretty widely depending on the amount of services you want to subscribe to. Subscriptions can cost anywhere from $2 to $150 dollars per month, with the most expensive services offering several hours of one-on-one tutoring with a subject expert per month.

The 5 Best Homework Help Websites 

So, what is the best homework help website you can use? The answer is that it depends on what you need help with. 

The best homework help websites are the ones that are reliable and help you learn the material. They don’t just provide answers to homework questions–they actually help you learn the material. 

That’s why we’ve broken down our favorite websites into categories based on who they’re best for . For instance, the best website for people struggling with math might not work for someone who needs a little extra help with science, and vice versa. 

Keep reading to find the best homework help website for you! 

Best Free Homework Help Site: Khan Academy

• Price: Free!
• Best for: Practicing tough material 

Not only is Khan Academy free, but it’s full of information and can be personalized to suit your needs. When you set up your account , you choose which courses you need to study, and Khan Academy sets up a personal dashboard of instructional videos, practice exercises, and quizzes –with both correct and incorrect answer explanations–so you can learn at your own pace. 

As an added bonus, it covers more course topics than many other homework help sites, including several AP classes.

Runner Up: Brainly.com offers a free service that allows you to type in questions and get answers and explanations from experts. The downside is that you’re limited to two answers per question and have to watch ads. 

Best Paid Homework Help Site: Chegg

• Price: $14.95 to $19.95 per month
• Best for: 24/7 homework assistance  

This service has three main parts . The first is Chegg Study, which includes textbook solutions, Q&A with subject experts, flashcards, video explanations, a math solver, and writing help. The resources are thorough, and reviewers state that Chegg answers homework questions quickly and accurately no matter when you submit them.  

Chegg also offers textbook rentals for students who need access to textbooks outside of their classroom. Finally, Chegg offers Internship and Career Advice for students who are preparing to graduate and may need a little extra help with the transition out of high school. 

Another great feature Chegg provides is a selection of free articles geared towards helping with general life skills, like coping with stress and saving money. Chegg’s learning modules are comprehensive, and they feature solutions to the problems in tons of different textbooks in a wide variety of subjects. 

Runner Up: Bartleby offers basically the same services as Chegg for $14.99 per month. The reason it didn’t rank as the best is based on customer reviews that say user questions aren’t answered quite as quickly on this site as on Chegg. Otherwise, this is also a solid choice!

Best Site for Math Homework Help: Photomath

• Price: Free (or $59.99 per year for premium services) 
• Best for: Explaining solutions to math problems

This site allows you to t ake a picture of a math problem, and instantly pulls up a step-by-step solution, as well as a detailed explanation of the concept. Photomath also includes animated videos that break down mathematical concepts to help you better understand and remember them. 

The basic service is free, but for an additional fee you can get extra study tools and learn additional strategies for solving common math problems.

Runner Up: KhanAcademy offers in-depth tutorials that cover complex math topics for free, but you won’t get the same tailored help (and answers!) that Photomath offers. 

Best Site for English Homework Help: Princeton Review Academic Tutoring

• Price: $40 to $153 per month, depending on how many hours of tutoring you want 
• Best for: Comprehensive and personalized reading and writing help 

While sites like Grammarly and Sparknotes help you by either proofreading what you write via an algorithm or providing book summaries, Princeton Review’s tutors provide in-depth help with vocabulary, literature, essay writing and development, proofreading, and reading comprehension. And unlike other services, you’ll have the chance to work with a real person to get help. 

The best part is that you can get on-demand English (and ESL) tutoring from experts 24/7. That means you can get help whenever you need it, even if you’re pulling an all-nighter! 

This is by far the most expensive homework site on this list, so you’ll need to really think about what you need out of a homework help website before you commit. One added benefit is that the subscription covers over 80 other subjects, including AP classes, which can make it a good value if you need lots of help!  

Best Site for STEM Homework Help: Studypool

• Best for: Science homework help
• Price: Varies; you’ll pay for each question you submit

When it comes to science homework help, there aren’t a ton of great resources out there. The best of the bunch is Studypool, and while it has great reviews, there are some downsides as well. 

Let’s start with the good stuff. Studypool offers an interesting twist on the homework help formula. After you create a free account, you can submit your homework help questions, and tutors will submit bids to answer your questions. You’ll be able to select the tutor–and price point–that works for you, then you’ll pay to have your homework question answered. You can also pay a small fee to access notes, lectures, and other documents that top tutors have uploaded. 

The downside to Studypool is that the pricing is not transparent . There’s no way to plan for how much your homework help will cost, especially if you have lots of questions! Additionally, it’s not clear how tutors are selected, so you’ll need to be cautious when you choose who you’d like to answer your homework questions.  

What Are the Pros and Cons of Using Homework Help Sites?

Homework help websites can be a great resource if you’re struggling in a subject, or even if you just want to make sure that you’re really learning and understanding topics and ideas that you’re interested in. But, there are some possible drawbacks if you don’t use these sites responsibly. 

We’ll go over the good–and the not-so-good–aspects of getting online homework help below. 

3 Pros of Using Homework Help Websites 

First, let’s take a look at the benefits. 

#1: Better Grades Beyond Homework

This is a big one! Getting outside help with your studies can improve your understanding of concepts that you’re learning, which translates into better grades when you take tests or write essays. 

Remember: homework is designed to help reinforce the concepts you learned in class. If you just get easy answers without learning the material behind the problems, you may not have the tools you need to be successful on your class exams…or even standardized tests you’ll need to take for college. 

#2: Convenience

One of the main reasons that online homework help is appealing is because it’s flexible and convenient. You don’t have to go to a specific tutoring center while they’re open or stay after school to speak with your teacher. Instead, you can access helpful resources wherever you can access the internet, whenever you need them.

This is especially true if you tend to study at off hours because of your extracurriculars, work schedule, or family obligations. Sites that offer 24/7 tutoring can give you the extra help you need if you can’t access the free resources that are available at your school. 

#3: Variety

Not everyone learns the same way. Maybe you’re more of a visual learner, but your teacher mostly does lectures. Or maybe you learn best by listening and taking notes, but you’re expected to learn something just from reading the textbook . 

One of the best things about online homework help is that it comes in a variety of forms. The best homework help sites offer resources for all types of learners, including videos, practice activities, and even one-on-one discussions with real-life experts. 

This variety can also be a good thing if you just don’t really resonate with the way a concept is being explained (looking at you, math textbooks!).

Not so fast. There are cons to homework help websites, too. Get to know them below!

3 Cons of Using Homework Help Websites 

Now, let’s take a look at the drawbacks of online homework help. 

#1: Unreliable Info

This can be a real problem. In addition to all the really good homework help sites, there are a whole lot of disreputable or unreliable sites out there. The fact of the matter is that some homework help sites don’t necessarily hire people who are experts in the subjects they’re talking about. In those cases, you may not be getting the accurate, up-to-date, and thorough information you need.

Additionally, even the great sites may not be able to answer all of your homework questions. This is especially true if the site uses an algorithm or chatbot to help students…or if you’re enrolled in an advanced or college-level course. In these cases, working with your teacher or school-provided tutors are probably your best option. 

#2: No Clarification

This depends on the service you use, of course. But the majority of them provide free or low-cost help through pre-recorded videos. Watching videos or reading info online can definitely help you with your homework… but you can’t ask questions or get immediate feedback if you need it .

#3: Potential For Scamming 

Like we mentioned earlier, there are a lot of homework help websites out there, and lots of them are scams. The review comments we read covered everything from outdated or wrong information, to misleading claims about the help provided, to not allowing people to cancel their service after signing up. 

No matter which site you choose to use, make sure you research and read reviews before you sign up–especially if it’s a paid service! 

When Does “Help” Become “Cheating”?

Admittedly, whether using homework help websites constitutes cheating is a bit of a grey area. For instance, is it “help” when a friend reads your essay for history class and corrects your grammar, or is it “cheating”? The truth is, not everyone agrees on when “help” crosses the line into “cheating .” When in doubt, it can be a good idea to check with your teacher to see what they think about a particular type of help you want to get. 

That said, a general rule of thumb to keep in mind is to make sure that the assignment you turn in for credit is authentically yours . It needs to demonstrate your own thoughts and your own current abilities. Remember: the point of every homework assignment is to 1) help you learn something, and 2) show what you’ve learned. 

So if a service answers questions or writes essays for you, there’s a good chance using it constitutes cheating. 

Here’s an example that might help clarify the difference for you. Brainstorming essay ideas with others or looking online for inspiration is “help” as long as you write the essay yourself. Having someone read it and give you feedback about what you need to change is also help, provided you’re the one that makes the changes later. 

But copying all or part of an essay you find online or having someone write (or rewrite) the whole thing for you would be “cheating.” The same is true for other subjects. Ultimately, if you’re not generating your own work or your own answers, it’s probably cheating.

5 Tips for Finding the Best Homework Help Websites for You

Now that you know some of our favorite homework help websites, free and paid, you can start doing some additional research on your own to decide which services might work best for you! Here are some top tips for choosing a homework help website. 

Tip 1: Decide How You Learn Best 

Before you decide which site or sites you’re going to use for homework help, y ou should figure out what kind of learning style works for you the most. Are you a visual learner? Then choose a site that uses lots of videos to help explain concepts. If you know you learn best by actually doing tasks, choose a site that provides lots of practice exercises.

Tip 2: Determine Which Subjects You Need Help With

Just because a homework help site is good overall doesn’t mean that it’s equally good for every subject. If you only need help in math, choose a site that specializes in that area. But if history is where you’re struggling, a site that specializes in math won’t be much help. So make sure to choose a site that you know provides high-quality help in the areas you need it most. 

Tip 3: Decide How Much One-On-One Help You Need 

This is really about cost-effectiveness. If you learn well on your own by reading and watching videos, a free site like Khan Academy is a good choice. But if you need actual tutoring, or to be able to ask questions and get personalized answers from experts, a paid site that provides that kind of service may be a better option.

Tip 4: Set a Budget

If you decide you want to go with a paid homework help website, set a budget first . The prices for sites vary wildly, and the cost to use them can add up quick. 

Tip 5: Read the Reviews

Finally, it’s always a good idea to read actual reviews written by the people using these homework sites. You’ll learn the good, the bad, and the ugly of what the users’ experiences have been. This is especially true if you intend to subscribe to a paid service. You’ll want to make sure that users think it’s worth the price overall!

What’s Next?

If you want to get good grades on your homework, it’s a good idea to learn how to tackle it strategically. Our expert tips will help you get the most out of each assignment…and boost your grades in the process.

Doing well on homework assignments is just one part of getting good grades. We’ll teach you everything you need to know about getting great grades in high school in this article.

Of course, test grades can make or break your GPA, too. Here are 17 expert tips that’ll help you get the most out of your study prep before you take an exam.

Ashley Sufflé Robinson has a Ph.D. in 19th Century English Literature. As a content writer for PrepScholar, Ashley is passionate about giving college-bound students the in-depth information they need to get into the school of their dreams.

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Bot or Not? Lessons on Using AI in the Classroom

• Through prompt engineering exercises, students discover how to craft the types of questions that will return helpful answers.
• Non-native speakers benefit from AI tools that enable them to communicate more clearly and confidently.
• Students learn that today’s technology can still be limited, unethical, biased—or simply wrong.

  Artificial intelligence (AI) tools are playing an increasingly prominent role in both the classroom and the workplace. Such tools include large language models (LLMs), which learn from and generate text, as well as robotic process automation tools such as UiPath , Appian , and MuleSoft .

Most universities are exploring the best ways to take advantage of these powerful new technologies. For instance, several years ago, one school used AI to create an experimental teaching assistant that provided automated responses to hundreds of basic questions that students posted about coursework in an online forum—and the students couldn’t even tell they weren’t interacting with a human TA.

Because so many students, faculty, and staff are already using AI tools, it’s essential for institutions of higher learning to develop parameters for what constitutes acceptable usages on their campuses. At Baruch College of the City University of New York, we recently drafted guidelines specifying that students can use generative AI tools such as OpenAI’s ChatGPT , Microsoft’s Copilot , or Google’s Gemini . However, such usage is only allowed when the instructor permits it, when students cite AI as a source, and when students show exactly how they used the technology.

At Baruch’s Zicklin School of Business, we know that if students learn to use AI in the classroom, they will have a better chance of knowing how to leverage it in the workplace. Here, four Zicklin instructors share their insights about what AI can do, how it can be used, and what limitations still exist.

AI Helps Students Think Critically

Yafit Lev-Aretz, an assistant professor in the Zicklin School’s law department, gives students opportunities to experiment with GenAI in her undergraduate business law class. During a recent take-home midterm exam, Lev-Aretz posed a question, then provided an answer that had been generated by AI. By itself, she estimated, that answer would score 60 out of a possible 100 points.

Lev-Aretz had students devise more precise prompts that would return more detailed answers and earn better grades. “I did not ask to see their prompts or provide feedback on them,” she explains. “My goal was simply to encourage them to use this tool, which I think can be extremely helpful in their thinking and writing process.”

She adds, “This engagement and willingness to experiment are precisely the learning outcomes I aim to foster.”

AI Can Be a Source of Information…

AI can quickly provide supplemental knowledge on an almost limitless number of topics, as Curtis Izen tells students in his undergraduate computer information systems honors course. Izen is a senior information specialist in Baruch’s Computing and Technology Center and an adjunct lecturer in the Paul H. Chook Department of Information Systems and Statistics.

AI can quickly provide supplemental knowledge on an almost limitless number of topics, as Curtis Izen tells his undergraduate students.

“For example, if students don’t know about database management systems, they can ask ChatGPT to explain what a database management system is and provide some examples,” he says.

Instructors might find GenAI equally useful, Izen notes, especially when they’re creating course materials. “They can feed it a paragraph of information and ask it to generate questions,” he says. “It can also change the type of question—say, from a multiple-choice question to a fill-in-the-blank one, or an open-ended question.” It can even help write syllabi, he adds.

…But Only With The Right Prompting

AI can help users reduce gaps in their knowledge— if they know how to use it properly, says Danny Park, an adjunct lecturer in the Chook department. Before students begin his graduate course on business analytics and artificial intelligence, Park provides them with a list of prompts they can feed to ChatGPT to bone up on certain topics.

He hand-feeds them the prompts to show them that only properly crafted questions will return helpful answers. Unless users are effective at prompt engineering, Park explains, they might find themselves illustrating the truth of the old programming mantra of “garbage in, garbage out.”

Prompt engineering is also a key part of the marketing analytics MBA courses taught by Joshua Moritz, a lecturer in the Allen G. Aaronson Department of Marketing and International Business.

“Because AI is pretty new, we need to learn how to ‘train’ AI to avoid generating bad results,” Moritz says. “So, students need a stable, accurate benchmark to know if their answers are going to be right or wrong.”

To that end, Moritz first has students use Microsoft Excel to solve a basic statistical problem—say, creating a linear regression from raw data points. Next, students feed the same data into ChatGPT, making requests and asking questions to see if they can generate the same results as they did in Excel. Students keep tweaking the prompts until the ChatGPT answer matches the Excel answer, which Moritz refers to as “the truth.” Once students get the prompts right, they can save them and use them repeatedly to solve the same simple statistical problems.

“Because AI is pretty new, we need to learn how to ‘train’ AI to avoid generating bad results.”—Joshua Moritz

For this exercise to work, each student must pay a monthly 20 USD fee for the 4.0 edition of ChatGPT, because the free version doesn’t do statistical analysis. “Students can’t share accounts because people write and speak differently. Sometimes small differences such as using ‘the’ versus ‘a’ or making a change in punctuation can generate different answers, believe it or not,” Moritz says.

Even when the prompts are exactly the same, ChatGPT sometimes generates a slightly different and therefore incorrect answer, Moritz says. “I am not clear why this happens,” he admits. “The technology is improving, but it’s not 100 percent. If this were medicine or cybersecurity, getting one answer wrong out of a hundred would not be OK. But this is marketing—you might lose money, but no one will die.”

AI Aids Non-Native Speakers

One advantage of allowing students to use AI during assignments, says Lev-Aretz, is that it reduces language barriers for those who are not native English speakers. That’s a critical consideration for a school like Baruch, whose students hail from more than 150 countries and speak more than 100 languages.

Izen agrees. For some course assignments, he has students record comments asynchronously through voiced-based tools such as the commercial product VoiceThread . (A similar product, Vocat , is an open-source option that was developed at Baruch.) He has found that his students’ public speaking skills improve the more they use the tool.

“Some of my students’ communication was so poor that if I called on them in class, they wouldn’t answer, or they’d mumble and speak so softly I couldn’t understand them,” Izen says. “But now that I’ve been using VoiceThread for several years, I notice that their verbal communication and confidence improve by the end of each course.”

But There Are Downsides

While AI offers enormous benefits to students, it also carries potential risks. One is that it could interfere with the learning process if students use it to complete homework assignments instead of doing the work themselves. Therefore, instructors need to devise strategies to mitigate the possibility that students are merely plagiarizing from AI.

That’s one reason Izen uses VoiceThread in his classrooms. After students make video or voice recordings, they share the files on the learning management system, where VoiceThread is integrated.

Because students must provide answers in their own words and post their sources in text comments, Izen can use these recordings to check whether his students are grasping the basic concepts they might have asked AI to explain. If they are describing their efforts with algorithms or computer programs, students must verbally explain their codes or formulas for their submitted assignments.

AI Cannot Be Blindly Trusted

In addition, AI poses legal and ethical risks, which means that neither students nor business leaders can simply accept the answers AI tools provide. Baruch instructors make certain students are aware of four risks in particular.

1. AI is limited in what it can do. Park notes that many users seem to ignore the word “artificial” in the phrase “artificial intelligence”—they start to believe AI is superior to human ingenuity, creativity, and wisdom. But he points out that, unlike humans, LLMs cannot provide value that is greater than the quality of the material they were trained on.

“People use ChatGPT as if it were a search engine, but in most cases, they’d be better off just using Google instead.”—Danny Park

2. Legal issues abound. It is not always clear exactly how generative AI products have been trained. In an interview published by The Wall Street Journal in April 2024, OpenAI’s chief technology officer claimed she didn’t know how Sora, the company’s text-to-video generator, had been taught. In a subsequent interview with Bloomberg, YouTube’s CEO said that if Sora had been trained on YouTube, that would violate his company’s terms of service.

Meanwhile, a slew of newspaper publishers, from The New York Times to the Chicago Tribune to California’s Orange County Register, are suing Microsoft and OpenAI for reusing their articles without permission.

Similarly, actress Scarlett Johansson might take legal action against OpenAI for creating a ChatGPT voice that sounds like the character she created in the 2013 film “Her”—even after Johansson had declined the offer to voice the AI assistant herself.

3. AI perpetuates harmful biases. Facial recognition technology has been accused of discrimination against Black and brown people. Ask Freepik —an image bank website that includes an AI image generator—to create a photo of a CEO, and you’ll get nothing but images of white men. A query for an image of a nurse gives you white women only.

4. AI is simply wrong sometimes. Recently, Google had to disable its Gemini text-to-image feature because it generated historically inaccurate images of popes who were female and American Founding Fathers who were Black.

“People use ChatGPT as if it were a search engine, but in most cases, they’d be better off just using Google instead,” Park comments. He adds that his teenage son once failed a math quiz because he plugged the questions into a chatbot, which produced incorrect results, and his son didn’t check the answers.

AI Is Part of the Future

Despite the challenges it presents, AI will be an integral part of tomorrow’s workplace. That’s why the Zicklin School has gone beyond integrating AI into the classroom. We’ve also developed programs—including an undergraduate AI minor and a graduate-level AI certificate—that are designed to help students leverage technology once they’re on the job. Because AI potentially impacts all business disciplines, we collaborate extensively with philosophy professor Elizabeth Edenberg, an expert on technology and ethics, as we develop these programs.

Armed with this information, our graduates will know how to use AI tools in ways that are effective, useful, ethical, and trustworthy—which will give them and their companies a competitive advantage.

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Identity Provider Role Assignment

Learn how to map role data from identity providers to roles in your app.

On this page

Introduction, default role, delete roles, sample scenario, sso-based groups attribute, attribute-based role, a user is part of multiple groups, role assignment availability on directory sync.

A role represents a logical grouping of permissions, defining access control levels for users within your application. Roles are identified by a unique, immutable slug and are assigned to Directory Sync users through their group memberships. These role assignments can be configured on the WorkOS dashboard.

Configure roles

Roles can be created and managed in the Roles section of the WorkOS Dashboard .

Role configuration occurs at the environment level. Each environment is seeded with a default member role, which is automatically assigned to every directory user. This default role cannot be deleted, but any role can be set as the default.

If you need to set default roles or other role configurations at the organization level, please contact us .

When a role is deleted, all users with that role, will be granted the default role. Role deletion happens asynchronously, so there may be a slight delay between deleting a role and updating all directory users.

To migrate from one default role to another, set the new default role and delete the old one. All directory users will then be reassigned to the new default role.

Group-based Role Assignment

Users are assigned to groups via the identity provider. Groups are typically synonymous with roles in your app. Therefore, IT admins will often map a group one-to-one to a role. This can be defined within the WorkOS dashboard for your application to receive automatic role updates.

Consider the fictional SaaS company HireOS . HireOS has integrated Directory Sync and supports group-based role assignment. For example, a HireOS customer would like to assign their engineering team to it. The customer’s IT admin would take the following steps:

• Create a group “Engineering” using their identity provider.
• Push the group to HireOS via the identity provider. This is configured in the identity provider admin console.

The developer on the WorkOS dashboard can then assign users of that group to the role “Viewer”.

• Navigate to the directory page on the WorkOS dashboard.

• Create an assignment for “Engineering” to the “Developer” role.

From this point on, all new users added to “Engineering will be given “Developer” role from the WorkOS API. The role will be in the directory user response .

Other forms of role assignment

Your customers will store role information in different forms, depending on their preferred provisioning workflow. WorkOS allows for flexibility in how you source role data, though these formats are not automated today and not available on the role property on the directory user response . You can fetch role data via two distinct mechanisms:

• A custom-mapped role attribute from the directory user profile.
• A groups attribute in the SSO user profile.

The type of mechanism needed will depend on the level of support for roles in your app, your app’s architecture, and your customer’s workflows:

This feature is currently in beta, contact customer support for more information.

If you have integrated WorkOS Single Sign-On , you can retrieve groups via the groups attribute in an SSO user profile . There are drawbacks to using SSO-based groups compared to the directory group approach, but it can be quick to set up in some cases.

You can use these group name(s) to map onto user roles in your app using JIT user provisioning.

Strictly using JIT user provisioning comes with a few caveats:

• Your app won’t know groups ahead-of-time. As a result, you’ll have to explicitly tell your customer what to name the group(s), thus hardcoding the mapping. e.g., the “Engineering” group always maps to the e.g., “viewer” role in your app.
• Your app will receive updates to this user’s group data only once they sign in with SSO again. This delay can allow unauthorized users to access resources using a stale role.
• Apps often assign a user a default introductory role (instead of mapping the correct role) when using JIT user provisioning.
• Your customer must explicitly map the SAML groups attribute in the SSO setup so that you can retrieve that attribute in the SSO profile.

For more information, see the JIT user provisioning guide .

You can use custom-mapped attributes if your customers do not use groups to establish and manage user roles.

You can create a custom-mapped attribute role (e.g., myRole ) in the WorkOS Dashboard under Configuration → Directory Sync. You can set the status of a role attribute to “Required” or “Optional”.

The newly created attribute will appear as a field in the Admin Portal . When setting up Directory Sync with their identity provider in Admin Portal, your customers can map this role field to a field in their identity provider. You’ll have to communicate with your customer what value(s) you expect in the custom-mapped attribute.

An example being that myRole should be one of "admin" , "viewer" , or "editor" . This allows your app to parse the myRole field value correctly.

Common edge cases

Having a user who belongs to multiple groups is a common scenario. For example, there might be a case where an employee Jane is an Engineering Manager and belongs to an “Engineering”, “Manager”, and “Admin” group. With group-based role assignment, the user will be assigned the role that has the highest priority defined

Identity provider role assignment through groups is only available through SCIM compliant and Google Workspace directories.

NCAA baseball super regionals: Who has punched their ticket to next round of tournament?

After 64 teams started the 2024 NCAA Division I baseball tournament, only 16 will remain.

The regional round is wrapping up and tickets to the super regional round are being punched Sunday and Monday, making teams one step closer to reaching the goal of the Men's College World Series in Omaha. Only one team will emerge from each of the 16 four-team regionals, setting up eight best-of-three series next weekend .

Here is who has made the super regional round, and what to know for the next set of games that will determine who will make it to the College World Series.

2024 college baseball super regional teams

• No. 1 Tennessee (won Knoxville regional)
• No. 2 Kentucky (won Lexington regional)
• No. 3 Texas A&M (won Bryan-College Station regional)
• No. 4 North Carolina (won Chapel Hill regional)
• No. 6 Clemson (won Clemson regional)
• No. 8 Florida State (won Tallahassee regional)
• No. 9 Georgia (won Athens regional)
• No. 10 NC State (won Raleigh regional)
• No. 13 Virginia (won Charlottesville regional)
• No. 15 Oregon State (won Corvallis regional)
• Kansas State (won Fayetteville regional)
• West Virginia (won Tucson regional)
• Oregon (won Santa Barbara regional)
• Evansville (won Greenville regional)
• Florida (won Stillwater regional)
• UConn (won Norman regional)

2024 college baseball super regional matchups

• No. 1 Tennessee vs. Evansville (Tennessee hosts)
• No. 2 Kentucky vs. No. 15 Oregon State (Kentucky hosts)
• No. 3 Texas A&M vs. Oregon (Texas A&M hosts)
• No. 4 North Carolina vs. West Virginia ( North Carolina hosts)
• No. 6 Clemson vs. Florida (Clemson hosts)
• No. 8 Florida State vs. UConn (Florida State hosts)
• No. 9 Georgia vs. No. 10 NC State (Georgia hosts)
• No. 13 Virginia vs. Kansas State (Virginia hosts)

When is 2024 college baseball super regionals?

The complete dates and times for the super regional matchups haven't been announced yet. But the best-of-three series will be from June 7-9 or June 8-10.

When does 2024 Men's College World Series start?

The 2024 Men's College World Series will begin June 14. The finals will be a best-of-three series that will be played from June 22-24.

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‘Potential misconduct’ behind Judge Merchan’s several Trump trial assignments, Stefanik says

N ew York Republican Rep. Elise Stefanik sent a letter to New York officials on Tuesday arguing there may have been "misconduct" within the New York Supreme Court system to ensure Judge Juan Merchan presided over the unprecedented NY v. Trump trial .

"One cannot help but suspect that the ‘random selection’ at work in the assignment of Acting Justice Merchan, a Democrat Party donor, to these cases involving prominent Republicans, is in fact not random at all," Stefanik wrote in the letter, which she sent to the New York State Commission on Judicial Conduct and the Office of the Inspector General of the New York State Unified Court System, warning of "potential misconduct." The Daily Mail first reported the letter Tuesday .

Stefanik pointed to how Merchan has overseen a handful of cases involving Trump or his allies , including the NY v. Trump case, the criminal trial against the Trump Organization in 2022 – a case that found the organization guilty of tax fraud – and is set to oversee the upcoming trial of Trump ally Steve Bannon.

"The simple answer to why Acting Justice Merchan has been assigned to these cases would seem to be that whoever made the assignment intentionally selected Acting Justice Merchan to handle them to increase the chance that Donald Trump, the Trump Organization, and Steven Bannon would ultimately be convicted," Stefanik continued in the letter.

STEFANIK FILES ETHICS COMPLAINT AGAINST TRUMP TRIAL JUDGE, CITES DAUGHTER'S WORK FOR GROUP PROMOTING DEMS

Her letter called on the commission and the Inspector General to "investigate this anomaly to determine whether the required random selection process was in fact followed in the assignment of these criminal cases to Acting Justice Merchan."

READ ON THE FOX NEWS APP

She continued that if Merchan or other justices of the court violated assignment rules, she hopes the "Commission would subject them to the required discipline."

The letter comes the same day the defense and prosecution teams held closing arguments in the NY v. Trump trial. 

Last week, Stefanik filed an ethics complaint against Merchan for an alleged conflict of interest related to his daughter's role representing Democrat politicians and political action committees. Merchan's daughter is the president of Authentic Campaigns, a digital marketing agency that has included clients such as Rep. Adam Schiff, D-Calif.

Stefanik said in her complaint last week that she learned that the New York State Commission on Judiciary Conduct "privately cautioned [Merchan] in July over his illegal political donations to Biden and Democrats in 2020."

"This private caution has not deterred Judge Merchan’s judicial misconduct, as evidenced by this current complaint," she wrote. "Judge Merchan appears driven by Democrat partisanship and financial gain for his daughter."

TRUMP SAYS JUDGE MERCHAN HAS WAY TO GAIN BACK ‘RESPECT’ DESPITE PRESIDING OVER ‘WITCH HUNT’ TRIAL

Stefanik said it is "imperative that New Yorkers and all Americans have confidence that justice is being dispensed fairly in New York."

Trump has also railed against Merchan as a "conflicted" judge and previously called on him to recuse himself from the case, citing his daughter's work as a political consultant.

COHEN'S BOMBSHELL ADMISSION COULD LEAD TO HUNG JURY, IF NOT ACQUITTAL: EXPERT

"Judge Juan Merchan, who is suffering from an acute case of Trump Derangement Syndrome (whose daughter represents Crooked Joe Biden, Kamala Harris, Adam ‘Shifty’ Schiff, and other Radical Liberals, has just posted a picture of me behind bars, her obvious goal, and makes it completely impossible for me to get a fair trial) has now issued another illegal, un-American, unConstitutional ‘order,’ as he continues to try and take away my Rights," Trump posted on Truth Social ahead of the trial kicking off.

TRUMP RISKS GAG ORDER VIOLATION WITH NEW SCREED AGAINST LAWYER WHO ARGUED CASE: 'UNBELIEVABLE'

Trump has since been placed under a gag order, which bans him from publicly speaking about witnesses or making remarks about court staff, DA staff or family members of staff. Following the gag order, Trump has taken to calling Merchan "conflicted" and "corrupt" but not going into great detail about Merchan's alleged corruption.

"We have a judge who’s highly conflicted. He happens to be corrupt. Yes, there is confliction. It’s the worst that anybody’s seen. Nobody has ever seen anything like it," Trump said Tuesday morning ahead of court.

Last week, Trump said Merchan could gain back "respect" if he dismissed the case.

"This case should be dropped by the judge. I think the judge, if he did, that … could gain the respect back. The appellate court has to step in, something has to happen. Think of it, the Republican Party, one of the two great parties, nominates somebody to be their candidate. And that candidate now has been sitting here for almost five weeks in a freezing cold icebox listening to this stuff," Trump said last Monday.

Fox News Digital reached out to the offices of the New York State Commission on Judicial Conduct and the Office of the Inspector General of the New York State Unified Court System on Tuesday evening but did not immediately receive responses. 

Original article source: ‘Potential misconduct’ behind Judge Merchan’s several Trump trial assignments, Stefanik says

• ABC13 careers

Assignment Editor

Disney Entertainment's eight owned ABC stations are multiplatform leaders in local news and information. For over 70 years, ABC13 has been Houston's news and weather leader, and the station remains the dominant #1 choice for Houstonians today. ABC13 provides live local news and weather coverage 24/7 through its linear and streaming newscasts, as well as its website, apps and social media platforms.

ABC13 is deeply engrained in the Houston community, the most diverse city in the nation. ABC13 Localish stories celebrate the good people and places that make Houston so unique.

The station is the community leader, giving back through tentpole events throughout the year, including Share Your Holidays food drive, E-Cycle Earth Day electronics recycling event, and Pick Your Pet adoption drive.

This individual is a critical member of our newsroom and will be responsible for coordinating assignments for news coverage and identifying high-impact stories as well as contribute story ideas and content for digital, streaming, and broadcast. The candidate must be a strong communicator, function well under pressure, and have strong multi-platform and multi-tasking skills. This position requires working closely with managers as well as digital and linear producers and is responsible for effectively communicating to and coordinating reporters and photographers in the field. This candidate should have a working knowledge of news gathering including how to navigate court documents, gather information quickly and file public information requests.

What You Will Do:

Assist and support reporters and producers in gathering accurate information

Coordinate story assignments and field crews

Generate stories through police scanners, viewer tips and other sources

Required Qualifications & Skills:

Minimum 1 year experience in a medium to large television market

Ability to work under deadline pressures in a rapid, fast-paced environment

Detail-oriented with strong editorial skills

Excellent verbal and written communication skills

Must be flexible with working hours (late nights, overnights. Weekends and holidays) and adaptable to change

Bachelor's degree or equivalent work experience

Interested candidates apply via Disneycareers.com reference JOB ID # 10091283

About Disney Entertainment Television:

The Disney Entertainment Television group creates original entertainment and news content for the Company's streaming platforms and its cable and broadcast networks.

About The Walt Disney Company:

The Walt Disney Company, together with its subsidiaries and affiliates, is a leading diversified international family entertainment and media enterprise that includes three core business segments: Disney Entertainment, ESPN, and Disney Experiences. From humble beginnings as a cartoon studio in the 1920s to its preeminent name in the entertainment industry today, Disney proudly continues its legacy of creating world-class stories and experiences for every member of the family. Disney's stories, characters and experiences reach consumers and guests from every corner of the globe. With operations in more than 40 countries, our employees and cast members work together to create entertainment experiences that are both universally and locally cherished.

This position is with KTRK Television, Inc, which is part of a business we call Disney Entertainment Television.

KTRK Television, Inc is an equal opportunity employer. Applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to race, color, religion, sex, age, national origin, sexual orientation, gender identity, disability, protected veteran status or any other basis prohibited by federal, state or local law. Disney fosters a business culture where ideas and decisions from all people help us grow, innovate, create the best stories and be relevant in a rapidly changing world.

DISABILITY ACCOMMODATION FOR EMPLOYMENT APPLICATIONS

The Walt Disney Company and its Affiliated Companies are Equal Employment Opportunity employers and welcome all job seekers including individuals with disabilities and veterans with disabilities. If you have a disability and believe you need a reasonable accommodation in order to search for a job opening or apply for a position, email [email protected] with your request. This email address is not for general employment inquiries or correspondence. We will only respond to those requests that are related to the accessibility of the online application system due to a disability.

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PROCUREMENT NOTICE/ADVERTISEMENT: INVITATION TO BID FOR WORKS – Borehole Drilling & Installation of Water Tanks and Solar Geysers

Introduction.

The United Nations Educational, Science and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) is inviting qualified companies to submit a bid for siting, capacity testing, drilling of six boreholes as well as installation of 10 water tanks and 10 solar geysers as part of the renovation of health facilities under the O3 Plus Project in Zimbabwe.   

DESCRIPTION OF ASSIGNMENT

UNESCO seeks to utilize the services of legally registered and experienced contractors to provide professional engineering services in accordance with general engineering practices and industry best practices in Zimbabwe.

UNESCO is implementing the Our Rights, Our Lives, Our Future Plus (O3 Plus), a project that aims to ensure that young people in higher and tertiary education institutions (HTEIs) in Zimbabwe realize positive health, education, and gender equality outcomes. This is achievable through sustained reductions in new HIV infections, unintended pregnancy, and gender-based violence (GBV), enabling them to reach their full educational potential and contribute more effectively to the development of their countries and regions as graduates, professionals, and young leaders. 

The work of the project is delivered through four complementary pillars or work streams:

• Institutional strengthening for sustainability

• Student health and well-being

• Safe and inclusive campus environments

• Evidence-building and knowledge-sharing

Under the institutional strengthening for sustainability and student health and wellbeing pillars, the project is supporting the upgrading of campus health facilities to offer a standard and trusted package of sexual and reproductive health services to students. Borehole drilling and installation of water tanks as well as solar geysers have been identified as one critical area to support the functionality of the health facilities. All the health facilities in the project require some renovations and modernizing to be more appealing to their key target constituencies, students in higher and tertiary education.   

SCOPE OF WORKS

UNESCO invites suitably qualified prospective contractors to submit a bid for siting, drilling and capacity testing of four (6) boreholes as follows in the following institutions (please consult the bills of quantities providing the detailed requirements):   

For installation of a 5000 litres water tanks in all of 5 clinics where borehole will be drilled as well as installation of 5 additional tanks in the following institutions. For Chinhoyi University Clinic, contractor is asked to link the borehole to existing water tanks. (please consult the bills of quantities providing the detailed requirements):   

For installation of 10 solar geysers in the following clinics (please consult the bills of quantities providing the detailed requirements):   

The assignment will be carried in accordance with the technical specifications (see annex VII: bills of quantities). Companies are invited to bid for all institutions/health facilities, demonstrating their capacity to undertake them simultaneously or complete them within the stipulated project timeframe. Partial bids will not be accepted. The contractor must be willing to accept a contract stipulating only payment for successful borehole (wethole policy agreement) .

NB - For Danhiko Industrial College borehole drilling, the assignment should begin with capacity testing of the existing borehole, detailed report with findings on yield, recommendations which should either be depending on the current the existing one and the necessary plumbing works OR fresh siting, drilling, casing and tanks and pump installation.

The scope of works require that contractors furnish only successful boreholes to UNESCO. A successful borehole is one that has a yield of 1litre/second and completed.

• The contractor shall be fully responsible for all inputs, transport, planning, managing and implementation of the scope of works.

• The contractor shall be responsible for the competency and capability of its personnel and shall have the capacity to manage work implementation independently.

• Contractor shall ensure effective supply chain planning and management to avoid delays during implementation.

• Contractor shall develop quality control plan and undertake regular self-audits to ensure quality of work   

Expected duration of the assignment is 5 months from the date of notice which is issued after contract signature.   

The purpose of this notice is to provide general information on the requirements for the procurement process and to inform interested suppliers how to obtain a copy of the Solicitation Documents.

Interested companies who wish to participate in the ITB must request for a complete set of Solicitation Documents , available free of charge, by sending an email at: [email protected] specifying the reference Ref: HAR/DIR/2024/ITB00001_Request for Solicitation Documents in the email subject.

UNESCO reserves the right to amend the documents at any time during the solicitation process. Any amendments or clarifications will be communicated directly to all Bidders who have requested for a complete set of solicitation documents and officially confirmed their intention to submit a bid. No remuneration will be made to companies for preparation and submission of their bid.

The electronic offers must be sent to the email address as specified in the solicitation document on or before 25 June 2024 at 23:59 hours Harare time in strict compliance with the instructions as stipulated in the Solicitation Documents.

UNESCO reserves the right to amend the documents at any time during the solicitation process. Any amendments or clarifications will be communicated directly to all Bidders who have requested for a complete set of solicitation documents and officially confirmed their intention to submit an electronic offer. No remuneration will be made to companies for preparation and submission of their tenders.

UNESCO Contact Information:

UNESCO Harare Office

E-mail: [email protected]

Subject line: ITB/HAR/DIR/2024/ITB00001   

Related items

• Gender equality
• Priority Africa
• Future of education
• Programme implementation
• UN ＆ International cooperation
• Country page: Zimbabwe
• Region: Africa
• UNESCO Office in Harare
• SDG: SDG 5 - Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls
• SDG: SDG 4 - Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all
• SDG: SDG 3 - Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages
• SDG: SDG 6 - Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all
• See more add

This article is related to the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals .

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Time in Elektrostal , Moscow Oblast, Russia now

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Time zone info for Elektrostal

• The time in Elektrostal is 8 hours ahead of the time in New York when New York is on standard time, and 7 hours ahead of the time in New York when New York is on daylight saving time.
• Elektrostal does not change between summer time and winter time.
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Sunrise, sunset, day length and solar time for elektrostal.

• Sunrise: 03:43AM
• Sunset: 09:07PM
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• The current local time in Elektrostal is 25 minutes ahead of apparent solar time.

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• Location: Moscow Oblast, Russia
• Latitude: 55.79. Longitude: 38.46
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The 50 largest cities in Russia

Properties of Urban Soils after Decontamination Measures on the Radioactively Contaminated Territory of the City of Elektrostal

• Published: 04 June 2024
• Volume 79 , pages 167–176, ( 2024 )

Cite this article

• D. N. Lipatov 1 ,
• V. A. Varachenkov 1 ,
• D. V. Manakhov 1 ,
• G. I. Agapkina 1 &
• A. I. Shcheglov 1  

We studied the morphological properties, pH, organic carbon content, and specific activity of 137 Cs and natural radionuclides ( 40 K, 226 Ra, 232 Th) in the upper horizons of soils in deactivated and slightly damaged areas of the city. The studies were carried out in the urban ecosystems of the city of Elektrostal (Moscow oblast) in 2019, i.e., 6 years after local precipitation of 137 Cs due to a radiation incident. The morphological features of the upper horizons of urban soils were the following: brownish-gray color, light-loamy composition, and small-lumpy and lumpy structure, with inclusions of construction and household waste. In the upper horizons of urban quasizems and urban soils, a low carbon content (less than 1%) with high coefficients of variation were detected. In the studied urban soils, a wide range of water pH values was noted: from an acidic (4.6–5.5) to highly alkaline (>8.0) reaction. Correlation analysis showed that, in the upper horizons of UR, the content of organic carbon was reduced and alkalinization of the soil environment was observed. The accumulative type of distribution of 137 Cs was recorded for soil profiles of polluted urban ecosystems in which decontamination measures were not carried out. The profiles of urban soils that were subjected to decontamination revealed low values of the specific activity of 137 Cs in surface bulk layers and maxima in buried contaminated horizons. In the bulk horizons of UR, which include a large amount of crushed stone, there was an increase in the specific activity of 226 Ra. Some technogenic horizons of UR and TCH, consisting mainly of quartz sand, are characterized by very low values of specific activities 226 Ra and 40 K. Correlations of chemical and radiation indicators in the profiles of urban soils reflect the different compositions and properties of upper horizons formed as a result of excavation and decontamination work.

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Cui, L., Taira, Y., Matsuo, M., et al., Environmental remediation of the difficult-to-return zone in Tomioka Town, Fukushima Prefecture, Sci. Rep., 2020, vol. 10, art. no. 10165. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-66726-y

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The research was carried out within the framework of R&D program no. AAAA-A21-121012290189-8 carried out under a state assignment and with the support of the Interdisciplinary Scientific and Educational School of Moscow State University “The Future of the Planet and Global Environmental Changes.”

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D. N. Lipatov, V. A. Varachenkov, D. V. Manakhov, G. I. Agapkina & A. I. Shcheglov

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Lipatov, D.N., Varachenkov, V.A., Manakhov, D.V. et al. Properties of Urban Soils after Decontamination Measures on the Radioactively Contaminated Territory of the City of Elektrostal. Moscow Univ. Soil Sci. Bull. 79 , 167–176 (2024). https://doi.org/10.3103/S0147687424700030

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Received : 21 September 2023

Revised : 20 November 2023

Accepted : 18 January 2024

Published : 04 June 2024

Issue Date : June 2024

DOI : https://doi.org/10.3103/S0147687424700030

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