javascript assignment call

Home » JavaScript Tutorial » JavaScript Assignment Operators

JavaScript Assignment Operators

Summary : in this tutorial, you will learn how to use JavaScript assignment operators to assign a value to a variable.

Introduction to JavaScript assignment operators

An assignment operator ( = ) assigns a value to a variable. The syntax of the assignment operator is as follows:

In this syntax, JavaScript evaluates the expression b first and assigns the result to the variable a .

The following example declares the counter variable and initializes its value to zero:

The following example increases the counter variable by one and assigns the result to the counter variable:

When evaluating the second statement, JavaScript evaluates the expression on the right-hand first ( counter + 1 ) and assigns the result to the counter variable. After the second assignment, the counter variable is 1 .

To make the code more concise, you can use the += operator like this:

In this syntax, you don’t have to repeat the counter variable twice in the assignment.

The following table illustrates assignment operators that are shorthand for another operator and the assignment:

Chaining JavaScript assignment operators

If you want to assign a single value to multiple variables, you can chain the assignment operators. For example:

In this example, JavaScript evaluates from right to left. Therefore, it does the following:

• Use the assignment operator ( = ) to assign a value to a variable.
• Chain the assignment operators if you want to assign a single value to multiple variables.

• Skip to main content
• Select language
• Skip to search
• Assignment operators

An assignment operator assigns a value to its left operand based on the value of its right operand.

The basic assignment operator is equal ( = ), which assigns the value of its right operand to its left operand. That is, x = y assigns the value of y to x . The other assignment operators are usually shorthand for standard operations, as shown in the following definitions and examples.

Simple assignment operator which assigns a value to a variable. The assignment operation evaluates to the assigned value. Chaining the assignment operator is possible in order to assign a single value to multiple variables. See the example.

Addition assignment

The addition assignment operator adds the value of the right operand to a variable and assigns the result to the variable. The types of the two operands determine the behavior of the addition assignment operator. Addition or concatenation is possible. See the addition operator for more details.

Subtraction assignment

The subtraction assignment operator subtracts the value of the right operand from a variable and assigns the result to the variable. See the subtraction operator for more details.

Multiplication assignment

The multiplication assignment operator multiplies a variable by the value of the right operand and assigns the result to the variable. See the multiplication operator for more details.

Division assignment

The division assignment operator divides a variable by the value of the right operand and assigns the result to the variable. See the division operator for more details.

Remainder assignment

The remainder assignment operator divides a variable by the value of the right operand and assigns the remainder to the variable. See the remainder operator for more details.

Exponentiation assignment

This is an experimental technology, part of the ECMAScript 2016 (ES7) proposal. Because this technology's specification has not stabilized, check the compatibility table for usage in various browsers. Also note that the syntax and behavior of an experimental technology is subject to change in future version of browsers as the spec changes.

The exponentiation assignment operator evaluates to the result of raising first operand to the power second operand. See the exponentiation operator for more details.

Left shift assignment

The left shift assignment operator moves the specified amount of bits to the left and assigns the result to the variable. See the left shift operator for more details.

Right shift assignment

The right shift assignment operator moves the specified amount of bits to the right and assigns the result to the variable. See the right shift operator for more details.

Unsigned right shift assignment

The unsigned right shift assignment operator moves the specified amount of bits to the right and assigns the result to the variable. See the unsigned right shift operator for more details.

Bitwise AND assignment

The bitwise AND assignment operator uses the binary representation of both operands, does a bitwise AND operation on them and assigns the result to the variable. See the bitwise AND operator for more details.

Bitwise XOR assignment

The bitwise XOR assignment operator uses the binary representation of both operands, does a bitwise XOR operation on them and assigns the result to the variable. See the bitwise XOR operator for more details.

Bitwise OR assignment

The bitwise OR assignment operator uses the binary representation of both operands, does a bitwise OR operation on them and assigns the result to the variable. See the bitwise OR operator for more details.

Left operand with another assignment operator

In unusual situations, the assignment operator (e.g. x += y ) is not identical to the meaning expression (here x = x + y ). When the left operand of an assignment operator itself contains an assignment operator, the left operand is evaluated only once. For example:

Specifications

Browser compatibility

• Arithmetic operators

Document Tags and Contributors

• JavaScript basics
• JavaScript first steps
• JavaScript building blocks
• Introducing JavaScript objects
• Introduction
• Grammar and types
• Control flow and error handling
• Loops and iteration
• Expressions and operators
• Numbers and dates
• Text formatting
• Regular expressions
• Indexed collections
• Keyed collections
• Working with objects
• Details of the object model
• Iterators and generators
• Meta programming
• A re-introduction to JavaScript
• JavaScript data structures
• Equality comparisons and sameness
• Inheritance and the prototype chain
• Strict mode
• JavaScript typed arrays
• Memory Management
• Concurrency model and Event Loop
• References:
• ArrayBuffer
• AsyncFunction
• Float32Array
• Float64Array
• GeneratorFunction
• InternalError
• Intl.Collator
• Intl.DateTimeFormat
• Intl.NumberFormat
• ParallelArray
• ReferenceError
• SIMD.Bool16x8
• SIMD.Bool32x4
• SIMD.Bool64x2
• SIMD.Bool8x16
• SIMD.Float32x4
• SIMD.Float64x2
• SIMD.Int16x8
• SIMD.Int32x4
• SIMD.Int8x16
• SIMD.Uint16x8
• SIMD.Uint32x4
• SIMD.Uint8x16
• SharedArrayBuffer
• StopIteration
• SyntaxError
• Uint16Array
• Uint32Array
• Uint8ClampedArray
• WebAssembly
• decodeURI()
• decodeURIComponent()
• encodeURI()
• encodeURIComponent()
• parseFloat()
• Array comprehensions
• Bitwise operators
• Comma operator
• Comparison operators
• Conditional (ternary) Operator
• Destructuring assignment
• Expression closures
• Generator comprehensions
• Grouping operator
• Legacy generator function expression
• Logical Operators
• Object initializer
• Operator precedence
• Property accessors
• Spread syntax
• async function expression
• class expression
• delete operator
• function expression
• function* expression
• in operator
• new operator
• void operator
• Legacy generator function
• async function
• for each...in
• function declaration
• try...catch
• Arguments object
• Arrow functions
• Default parameters
• Method definitions
• Rest parameters
• constructor
• element loaded from a different domain for which you violated the same-origin policy.">Error: Permission denied to access property "x"
• InternalError: too much recursion
• RangeError: argument is not a valid code point
• RangeError: invalid array length
• RangeError: invalid date
• RangeError: precision is out of range
• RangeError: radix must be an integer
• RangeError: repeat count must be less than infinity
• RangeError: repeat count must be non-negative
• ReferenceError: "x" is not defined
• ReferenceError: assignment to undeclared variable "x"
• ReferenceError: deprecated caller or arguments usage
• ReferenceError: invalid assignment left-hand side
• ReferenceError: reference to undefined property "x"
• SyntaxError: "0"-prefixed octal literals and octal escape seq. are deprecated
• SyntaxError: "use strict" not allowed in function with non-simple parameters
• SyntaxError: "x" is a reserved identifier
• SyntaxError: JSON.parse: bad parsing
• SyntaxError: Malformed formal parameter
• SyntaxError: Unexpected token
• SyntaxError: Using //@ to indicate sourceURL pragmas is deprecated. Use //# instead
• SyntaxError: a declaration in the head of a for-of loop can't have an initializer
• SyntaxError: applying the 'delete' operator to an unqualified name is deprecated
• SyntaxError: for-in loop head declarations may not have initializers
• SyntaxError: function statement requires a name
• SyntaxError: identifier starts immediately after numeric literal
• SyntaxError: illegal character
• SyntaxError: invalid regular expression flag "x"
• SyntaxError: missing ) after argument list
• SyntaxError: missing ) after condition
• SyntaxError: missing : after property id
• SyntaxError: missing ; before statement
• SyntaxError: missing = in const declaration
• SyntaxError: missing ] after element list
• SyntaxError: missing formal parameter
• SyntaxError: missing name after . operator
• SyntaxError: missing variable name
• SyntaxError: missing } after function body
• SyntaxError: missing } after property list
• SyntaxError: redeclaration of formal parameter "x"
• SyntaxError: return not in function
• SyntaxError: test for equality (==) mistyped as assignment (=)?
• SyntaxError: unterminated string literal
• TypeError: "x" has no properties
• TypeError: "x" is (not) "y"
• TypeError: "x" is not a constructor
• TypeError: "x" is not a function
• TypeError: "x" is not a non-null object
• TypeError: "x" is read-only
• TypeError: More arguments needed
• TypeError: can't access dead object
• TypeError: can't define property "x": "obj" is not extensible
• TypeError: can't redefine non-configurable property "x"
• TypeError: cyclic object value
• TypeError: invalid 'in' operand "x"
• TypeError: invalid Array.prototype.sort argument
• TypeError: invalid arguments
• TypeError: invalid assignment to const "x"
• TypeError: property "x" is non-configurable and can't be deleted
• TypeError: setting getter-only property "x"
• TypeError: variable "x" redeclares argument
• URIError: malformed URI sequence
• Warning: -file- is being assigned a //# sourceMappingURL, but already has one
• Warning: 08/09 is not a legal ECMA-262 octal constant
• Warning: Date.prototype.toLocaleFormat is deprecated
• Warning: JavaScript 1.6's for-each-in loops are deprecated
• Warning: String.x is deprecated; use String.prototype.x instead
• Warning: expression closures are deprecated
• Warning: unreachable code after return statement
• JavaScript technologies overview
• Lexical grammar
• Enumerability and ownership of properties
• Iteration protocols
• Transitioning to strict mode
• Template literals
• Deprecated features
• ECMAScript 2015 support in Mozilla
• ECMAScript 5 support in Mozilla
• ECMAScript Next support in Mozilla
• Firefox JavaScript changelog
• New in JavaScript 1.1
• New in JavaScript 1.2
• New in JavaScript 1.3
• New in JavaScript 1.4
• New in JavaScript 1.5
• New in JavaScript 1.6
• New in JavaScript 1.7
• New in JavaScript 1.8
• New in JavaScript 1.8.1
• New in JavaScript 1.8.5
• Documentation:
• All pages index
• Methods index
• Properties index
• Pages tagged "JavaScript"
• JavaScript doc status
• The MDN project

JS Tutorial

Js versions, js functions, js html dom, js browser bom, js web apis, js vs jquery, js graphics, js examples, js references, javascript operators.

Javascript operators are used to perform different types of mathematical and logical computations.

The Assignment Operator = assigns values

The Addition Operator + adds values

The Multiplication Operator * multiplies values

The Comparison Operator > compares values

JavaScript Assignment

The Assignment Operator ( = ) assigns a value to a variable:

Assignment Examples

Javascript addition.

The Addition Operator ( + ) adds numbers:

JavaScript Multiplication

The Multiplication Operator ( * ) multiplies numbers:

Multiplying

Types of javascript operators.

There are different types of JavaScript operators:

• Arithmetic Operators
• Assignment Operators
• Comparison Operators
• String Operators
• Logical Operators
• Bitwise Operators
• Ternary Operators
• Type Operators

JavaScript Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic Operators are used to perform arithmetic on numbers:

Arithmetic Operators Example

Arithmetic operators are fully described in the JS Arithmetic chapter.

Advertisement

JavaScript Assignment Operators

Assignment operators assign values to JavaScript variables.

The Addition Assignment Operator ( += ) adds a value to a variable.

Assignment operators are fully described in the JS Assignment chapter.

JavaScript Comparison Operators

Comparison operators are fully described in the JS Comparisons chapter.

JavaScript String Comparison

All the comparison operators above can also be used on strings:

Note that strings are compared alphabetically:

JavaScript String Addition

The + can also be used to add (concatenate) strings:

The += assignment operator can also be used to add (concatenate) strings:

The result of text1 will be:

When used on strings, the + operator is called the concatenation operator.

Adding Strings and Numbers

Adding two numbers, will return the sum, but adding a number and a string will return a string:

The result of x , y , and z will be:

If you add a number and a string, the result will be a string!

JavaScript Logical Operators

Logical operators are fully described in the JS Comparisons chapter.

JavaScript Type Operators

Type operators are fully described in the JS Type Conversion chapter.

JavaScript Bitwise Operators

Bit operators work on 32 bits numbers.

The examples above uses 4 bits unsigned examples. But JavaScript uses 32-bit signed numbers. Because of this, in JavaScript, ~ 5 will not return 10. It will return -6. ~00000000000000000000000000000101 will return 11111111111111111111111111111010

Bitwise operators are fully described in the JS Bitwise chapter.

Test Yourself With Exercises

Multiply 10 with 5 , and alert the result.

Start the Exercise

Test Yourself with Exercises!

Exercise 1 »   Exercise 2 »   Exercise 3 »   Exercise 4 »   Exercise 5 »

COLOR PICKER

Contact Sales

If you want to use W3Schools services as an educational institution, team or enterprise, send us an e-mail: [email protected]

Report Error

If you want to report an error, or if you want to make a suggestion, send us an e-mail: [email protected]

Top Tutorials

Top references, top examples, get certified.

• Stack Overflow Public questions & answers
• Stack Overflow for Teams Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers
• Talent Build your employer brand
• Advertising Reach developers & technologists worldwide
• Labs The future of collective knowledge sharing
• About the company

Collectives™ on Stack Overflow

Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most.

Q&A for work

Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search.

Get early access and see previews of new features.

Expected an assignment or function call and instead saw an expression

I'm totally cool with this JSLint error. How can I tolerate it? Is there a flag or checkbox for it?

You get it when you do stuff like:

as opposed to:

Both do the same exact thing. If you put:

into the minifier it minifies down to this anyway:

4 Answers 4

I don't think JSLint has an option to turn that off.

JSHint (a fork with more options) has an option for it, though: The expr option, documented as "if ExpressionStatement should be allowed as Programs".

• @diEcho: You can also download and use it locally (that's what I do). I run it via NodeJS with my preferred options set, dramatically helps my confidence in correct code. :-) –  T.J. Crowder Mar 2, 2012 at 13:35
• Can describe more please, why that warning happened? –  Mohammad Kermani Oct 4, 2016 at 10:36

You can add the following line to ignore that warning:

/*jshint -W030 */

You can read more about it here .

• 3 The answer is completely unrelated to the question, which was about JSLint, not JSHint. –  Arseni Mourzenko Feb 2, 2015 at 19:28
• 15 Yet its still the most useful answer for the majority of people who land here. –  Charlie Martin Mar 18, 2015 at 21:01
• 2 "completely unrelated"? Because JSHint is completely unrelated to JSLint? –  iconoclast Dec 17, 2015 at 23:17

People who are looking how to suppress it when using ESLint . You can ingnore it by writing the following comment just above the line no-unused-expressions

You can also suppress the warning for the entire file by placing the following comment at the very top of the file

• 1 I recommend you to also provide the link of the documentation of this specific rule no-unused-expressions –  johannchopin Apr 8, 2020 at 14:41

There's no option for this in JSLint. You can circumvent it using:

NB: dummy evaluates to true after that.

Another workaround could be:

• 6 It'll work but it's silly. The minifier will actually sort that out and but for readability it'd be better to just use the if statement than that IMO. –  ryanve Mar 2, 2012 at 13:50
• That's true. But you asked for a way to tolerate is. Added another workaround. It's like Crockford said somewhere: jsLint is designed to be a pain in the ass for programmers ;~) –  KooiInc Mar 2, 2012 at 13:54
• WRONG the wonderful && hack does not work in jsLint... maybe depends on version... –  Artiphishle Feb 12, 2016 at 16:23

Your Answer

Reminder: Answers generated by artificial intelligence tools are not allowed on Stack Overflow. Learn more

Sign up or log in

Post as a guest.

Required, but never shown

By clicking “Post Your Answer”, you agree to our terms of service and acknowledge you have read our privacy policy .

Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged javascript jslint jshint or ask your own question .

• The Overflow Blog
• Introducing Staging Ground: The private space to get feedback on questions...
• Featured on Meta
• The return of Staging Ground to Stack Overflow
• The [tax] tag is being burninated
• The 2024 Developer Survey Is Live
• Policy: Generative AI (e.g., ChatGPT) is banned

How to Call an API in JavaScript – with Examples

Calling an API (Application Programming Interface) in JavaScript is a fundamental action that web developers need to know how to perform. It allows you to fetch data from external sources and integrate it into your web applications.

In this tutorial, I'll walk you through the process of making API calls in JavaScript, step by step. By the end of this article, you'll have a solid understanding of how to interact with APIs in your JavaScript projects.

Table of Contents:

What is an api, how to choose an api, how to use the fetch api for get requests, how to handle responses, error handling in api calls, how to make post requests, how to work with api keys, asynchronous javascript, real-world examples of api calls.

Before we dive into the technical details of calling an API in JavaScript, let's start with the basics. An API, or Application Programming Interface, is like a bridge that allows two different software systems to communicate with each other. It defines a set of rules and protocols for requesting and exchanging data.

APIs can be used to retrieve information from external sources, send data to external services, or perform various other actions. They are widely used in web development to access data from various online services such as social media platforms, weather data, financial information, and more.

The first step in calling an API is choosing the one that suits your needs. There are countless APIs available, providing data on a wide range of topics.

Some of the popular types of APIs include:

• RESTful APIs: These are widely used for simple data retrieval and manipulation. They use standard HTTP methods like GET, POST, PUT, and DELETE.
• Third-Party APIs: Many online services offer APIs that allow you to access their data, such as the Twitter API for tweets or the Google Maps API for location data.
• Weather APIs: If you need weather data, APIs like OpenWeatherMap or the WeatherAPI are good choices.
• Financial APIs: To fetch financial data like stock prices, you can use APIs like Alpha Vantage or Yahoo Finance.

For this guide, we'll use a fictional RESTful API as an example to keep things simple. You can replace it with the API of your choice.

To make API requests in JavaScript, you can use the fetch API, which is built into modern browsers. It is a promise-based API that makes it easy to send HTTP requests and handle responses asynchronously.

Here's how to make a GET request using fetch :

In the code above:

• We defined the API URL that we want to call.
• We used the fetch function to make a GET request to the API URL. The fetch function returns a Promise.
• The .then() method handles the asynchronous response from the server.
• The response.ok property is checked to ensure the response is valid.
• We parse the JSON data using the response.json() method.
• Finally, we log the data to the console, or handle any errors that may occur.

When you make an API call, the server responds with data. How you handle this data depends on your application's requirements. In the previous example, we simply logged the data to the console. However, you can process the data in various ways, such as displaying it on a web page or storing it in a database.

Here's a modified example that displays the API data in an HTML element:

In this example, we use the outputElement variable to select an HTML element where we want to display the data. The textContent property is used to update the content of that element with the JSON data.

Error handling is an essential part of making API calls in JavaScript. API requests can fail for various reasons, such as network issues, server problems, or incorrect URLs.

In our previous examples, we used fetch 's promise-based error handling to catch and handle errors.

In addition to the catch block, you can also check the HTTP status code using response.status to determine the nature of the error. Here's how you can do it:

In this example, we check for specific HTTP status codes (such as 404 and 500) and provide more descriptive error messages. You can customize the error handling to suit your application's needs.

So far, we've focused on making GET requests, which are used to fetch data from an API. But you may also need to send data to an API, which you can do using POST requests.

Here's how to make a simple POST request using fetch :

In this example:

• We defined the API URL and the data we want to send as an object.
• We created a requestOptions object that specifies the method (POST), the content type (application/json), and the data to be sent in JSON format.
• We passed the requestOptions object to the fetch function.

The rest of the code remains similar to our previous examples, with error handling and data processing.

Many APIs require authentication through API keys to ensure that only authorized users can access their data. When working with APIs that require API keys, you need to include the key in your requests.

Here's an example of how to include an API key in a request:

In this example, we define an apiKey variable and include it in the headers of the requestOptions object with the "Bearer" prefix. Make sure to replace 'your_api_key_here' with your actual API key.

API calls are typically asynchronous, which means they do not block the execution of your code while waiting for a response. This is important because it allows your web application to remain responsive even when dealing with potentially slow network requests.

To handle asynchronous operations, we use promises and the .then() method to specify what should happen when the operation is completed. This allows the main thread of your JavaScript application to continue running other tasks while waiting for the API response.

Here's a recap of how asynchronous JavaScript works:

When you call fetch , it initiates an asynchronous operation and returns a promise immediately.

You use the .then() method to attach functions that should execute when the promise resolves successfully (with a response) or fails (with an error).

Any code outside of the .then() blocks can continue running while the API call is in progress.

This asynchronous behavior helps ensure that your application remains responsive and doesn't freeze while waiting for data.

Now that we've covered the basics of making API calls in JavaScript, let's explore a couple of real-world examples to see how this knowledge can be applied in practice.

Example 1: Fetching Weather Data

In this example, we'll use the OpenWeatherMap API to fetch weather data for a specific location. You can sign up for a free API key on their website.

Here's how you can make a GET request to fetch the weather data and display it on a webpage:

In this example, we make a GET request to the OpenWeatherMap API, pass the API key as a parameter in the URL, and display the temperature and weather description on a webpage.

Example 2: Posting a Form to a Server

Suppose you have a simple contact form on your website, and you want to send the form data to a server for processing. Here's how you can make a POST request to send the form data to a server:

JavaScript:

In this example, we listen for the form's submit event, prevent the default form submission, and use FormData to serialize the form data. We then make a POST request to the server, send the form data, and display the server's response.

Calling an API in JavaScript is a valuable skill for web developers, allowing you to access a wealth of data and services to enhance your web applications.

In this comprehensive guide, we covered the essential concepts and techniques, including making GET and POST requests, handling responses and errors, and working with API keys. You also saw two practical examples that demonstrate how to fetch weather data and send form data to a server.

As you continue to work with APIs in your projects, you'll encounter various APIs with their unique requirements and documentation. Remember that APIs can have rate limits, usage policies, and restrictions, so always review the API's documentation to ensure you're using it correctly and responsibly.

With the knowledge gained from this guide, you'll be well-equipped to interact with APIs in your JavaScript applications, enabling you to create dynamic and data-rich web experiences. Happy coding!

frontend developer || technical writer

If you read this far, thank the author to show them you care. Say Thanks

Learn to code for free. freeCodeCamp's open source curriculum has helped more than 40,000 people get jobs as developers. Get started

• DSA with JS - Self Paced
• JS Tutorial
• JS Exercise
• JS Interview Questions
• JS Operator
• JS Projects
• JS Examples
• JS Free JS Course
• JS A to Z Guide
• JS Formatter
• JavaScript Tutorial

JavaScript Basics

• Introduction to JavaScript
• JavaScript Versions
• How to Add JavaScript in HTML Document?
• JavaScript Statements
• JavaScript Syntax
• JavaScript Output
• JavaScript Comments

JS Variables & Datatypes

• Variables and Datatypes in JavaScript
• Global and Local variables in JavaScript
• JavaScript Let
• JavaScript Const
• JavaScript var

JS Operators

• JavaScript Operators
• Operator precedence in JavaScript
• JavaScript Arithmetic Operators
• JavaScript Assignment Operators
• JavaScript Comparison Operators
• JavaScript Logical Operators
• JavaScript Bitwise Operators
• JavaScript Ternary Operator
• JavaScript Comma Operator
• JavaScript Unary Operators
• JavaScript Relational operators
• JavaScript String Operators
• JavaScript Loops
• 7 Loops of JavaScript
• JavaScript For Loop
• JavaScript While Loop
• JavaScript for-in Loop
• JavaScript for...of Loop
• JavaScript do...while Loop

JS Perfomance & Debugging

• JavaScript | Performance
• Debugging in JavaScript
• JavaScript Errors Throw and Try to Catch
• Objects in Javascript
• Introduction to Object Oriented Programming in JavaScript
• JavaScript Objects
• Creating objects in JavaScript
• JavaScript JSON Objects
• JavaScript Object Reference

JS Function

• Functions in JavaScript
• How to write a function in JavaScript ?

JavaScript Function Call

• Different ways of writing functions in JavaScript
• Difference between Methods and Functions in JavaScript
• Explain the Different Function States in JavaScript
• JavaScript Function Complete Reference
• JavaScript Arrays
• JavaScript Array Methods
• Best-Known JavaScript Array Methods
• What are the Important Array Methods of JavaScript ?
• JavaScript Array Reference
• JavaScript Strings
• JavaScript String Methods
• JavaScript String Reference
• JavaScript Numbers
• How numbers are stored in JavaScript ?
• How to create a Number object using JavaScript ?
• JavaScript Number Reference
• JavaScript Math Object
• What is the use of Math object in JavaScript ?
• JavaScript Math Reference
• JavaScript Map
• What is JavaScript Map and how to use it ?
• JavaScript Map Reference
• Sets in JavaScript
• How are elements ordered in a Set in JavaScript ?
• How to iterate over Set elements in JavaScript ?
• How to sort a set in JavaScript ?
• JavaScript Set Reference
• JavaScript Date
• JavaScript Promise
• JavaScript BigInt
• JavaScript Boolean
• JavaScript Proxy/Handler
• JavaScript WeakMap
• JavaScript WeakSet
• JavaScript Function Generator
• JavaScript JSON
• Arrow functions in JavaScript
• JavaScript this Keyword
• Strict mode in JavaScript
• Introduction to ES6
• JavaScript Hoisting
• Async and Await in JavaScript

JavaScript Exercises

• JavaScript Exercises, Practice Questions and Solutions

The call() method is a predefined JavaScript method. It can be used to invoke (call) a method with an owner object as an argument (parameter). This allows borrowing methods from other objects, executing them within a different context, overriding the default value, and passing arguments.

Return Value: It calls and returns a method with the owner object being the argument.

JavaScript Function Call Examples

Example 1: In this example, we defines a product() function that returns the product of two numbers. It then calls product() using call() with `this` as the context (which is typically the global object), passing 20 and 5 as arguments. It logs the result, which is 100

Example 2: This example we defines an object “employee” with a method “details” to retrieve employee details. Using call(), it invokes “details” with “emp2” as its context, passing arguments “Manager” and “4 years”, outputting the result.

We have a complete list of Javascript Functions, to check those please go through the Javascript Function Complete reference article.

Supported browsers

• Google Chrome

Please Login to comment...

Similar reads.

• javascript-functions
• Web Technologies

Improve your Coding Skills with Practice

What kind of Experience do you want to share?

Mets DFA López after glove-tossing incident

Team holds meeting after dropping 11 games under .500.

Anthony DiComo

NEW YORK -- Shortly after his team’s 10-3 loss to the Dodgers on Wednesday, Mets shortstop Francisco Lindor made it known that he wanted to call a players-only meeting. Lindor and other veterans made sure players did not scatter to the food room, to the trainer’s table, to their cars. Instead, they remained in the central clubhouse room and talked.

For close to 40 minutes, Mets players discussed the issues that have led them to this spot: 11 games under .500 before the end of May, finding seemingly every way possible to lose a baseball game. According to another veteran, Brandon Nimmo, nearly the entire roster spoke.

“It just felt like a boiling-over point,” Nimmo said. “It felt like the right time to do it. You try and give space.”

For the Mets, words begot actions. Wednesday’s loss was punctuated by reliever Jorge López who, after being ejected by third-base umpire Ramon De Jesus, threw his glove high in the air and into the stands. Manager Carlos Mendoza called the action “unacceptable” and, along with president of baseball operations David Stearns, spoke to López about it after the game. A source with knowledge of that meeting said López was untruthful in his subsequent comment that he never spoke to Mendoza.

The same source added that team officials decided Wednesday night to designate López for assignment, a move that was made official Thursday afternoon.

Asked about the glove-throwing incident after the game, López said he did not regret throwing it, adding, “I don’t give a [expletive] to anything.” The native Spanish speaker then uttered a comment in English that those present interpreted as either López calling the Mets “the worst team in the whole [expletive] MLB,” or calling himself “the worst teammate in the whole [expletive] MLB.”

That comment has created confusion. Asked later in the interview if he indeed meant to call the Mets “the worst team” in baseball, López replied: “Yeah, probably, it looked like.” He subsequently told a team employee that he meant both “team” and “teammate,” but López retracted that notion the following morning in an Instagram post, writing that he meant “teammate” all along.

Wording aside, the entire episode created a sideshow to what was, at its core, another disappointing loss. Tied in the middle innings, the Mets allowed six runs in the eighth inning and wound up losing by seven. They were swept in three games by the Dodgers and have lost eight of their past nine.

Until Wednesday, however, the Mets had been reticent to call a team meeting. Mendoza prefers to handle his business privately, in one-on-one conversations, while players have also been more focused on individual pursuits. But with the season spiraling before his eyes, Lindor said he felt “something in my gut” that this was the right time to gather the roster.

Sign up to receive our daily Morning Lineup to stay in the know about the latest trending topics around Major League Baseball.

According to multiple players in the room, much of the message focused on process, and the idea that it may be time for some Mets -- even accomplished veterans -- to change habits that are no longer working.

“We’re just not getting it done,” said reliever Adam Ottavino, who allowed four runs in the eighth inning to take the loss. “We’re not throwing up zeroes when we need them, and we’re not getting the hits when we need them. And we’re not putting the at-bats together, we’re not playing the defense. It’s really all over the board. We stink right now.”

Although the Mets have seen significant turnover in recent years, much of their core -- from Lindor, Nimmo and Ottavino to Pete Alonso, Edwin Díaz and Jeff McNeil -- is the same one that won 101 games in 2022. But none of those players are enjoying similar results.

Until Wednesday, Mets officials had resisted dramatic action, such as firing coaches, jettisoning key players or even calling team meetings. Wednesday changed that. With 107 games left to play in the regular season, the fourth-place Mets spoke internally about their shortcomings, then parted ways with a reliever who had not only made critical comments, but embarrassed club officials with his actions.

It may not be enough to save their season, or even the prospect of another Trade Deadline selloff.

But it was, at the least, some action.

“Before the All-Star break and before the Trade Deadline, you’ve got to stay above the water,” Lindor said. “You can’t have the water nose-deep. I’m not a good swimmer. So we’ve got to find ways to get the water to at least our shoulders. Because then that’s when the decisions come in, and it’s the ones we don’t want.”

• How to Login
• Use Teams on the web
• Join a meeting in Teams
• Join without a Teams account
• Join on a second device
• Join as a view-only attendee
• Join a breakout room
• Join from Google

Schedule a meeting in Teams

• Schedule from Outlook
• Schedule from Google
• Schedule with registration
• Instant meeting
• Add a dial-in number
• See all your meetings
• Invite people
• Meeting roles
• Add co-organizers
• Hide attendee names
• Tips for large Teams meeting
• Lock a meeting
• End a meeting
• Manage your calendar
• Meeting controls
• Prepare in a green room
• Share content
• Share slides
• Share sound
• Apply video filters
• Mute and unmute
• Spotlight a video
• Multitasking
• Raise your hand
• Live reactions
• Take meeting notes
• Customize your view
• Laser pointer
• Cast from a desktop
• Use a green screen
• Join as an avatar
• Customize your avatar
• Use emotes, gestures, and more
• Get started with immersive spaces
• Use in-meeting controls
• Spatial audio
• Overview of Microsoft Teams Premium
• Intelligent productivity
• Advanced meeting protection
• Engaging event experiences
• Change your background
• Meeting themes
• Audio settings
• Manage attendee audio and video
• Reduce background noise
• Voice isolation in Teams
• Mute notifications
• Use breakout rooms
• Live transcription
• Language interpretation
• Live captions
• End-to-end encryption
• Presenter modes
• Call and meeting quality
• Meeting attendance reports
• Using the lobby
• Meeting options
• Record a meeting
• Meeting recap
• Play and share a meeting recording
• Delete a recording
• Edit or delete a transcript
• Switch to town halls
• Get started
• Schedule a live event
• Invite attendees
• organizer checklist
• For tier 1 events
• Produce a live event
• Produce a live event with Teams Encoder
• Best practices
• Moderate a Q&A
• Allow anonymous presenters
• Attendee engagement report
• Recording and reports
• Attend a live event in Teams
• Participate in a Q&A
• Use live captions
• Schedule a webinar
• Customize a webinar
• Publicize a webinar
• Manage webinar registration
• Manage what attendees see
• Change webinar details
• Manage webinar emails
• Cancel a webinar
• Manage webinar recordings
• Webinar attendance report
• Get started with town hall
• Attend a town hall
• Schedule a town hall
• Customize a town hall
• Host a town hall
• Use RTMP-In
• Town hall insights
• Manage town hall recordings
• Cancel a town hall
• Can't join a meeting
• Camera isn't working
• Microphone isn't working
• My speaker isn’t working
• Breakout rooms issues
• Immersive spaces issues
• Meetings keep dropping

Add co-organizers to a meeting in Microsoft Teams

After you've invited people to your meeting, you can add up to 10 co-organizers to help manage your meeting. Co-organizers are displayed as additional organizers in the meeting participant list and have most of the capabilities of the meeting organizer.

Co-organizer capabilities

To allow co-organizers to change meeting options in a channel meeting, they must be directly invited in the channel meeting invitation.

External users can't be made co-organizers.

To allow co-organizers to manage breakout rooms, they must be from the same organization as the meeting organizer.

Add co-organizers to a meeting

To add co-organizers to a meeting:

Open a meeting in your Teams Calendar.

Make sure the people you want to add as co-organizers have already been added as required attendees.

In Choose co-organizers , select their names from the dropdown menu.

Select Save .

Note:  Co-organizers must be in the same organization as the meeting organizer, or be using a guest account in the same org.

Want to learn more? See Overview of meetings in Teams .

Related topics

Invite people to a meeting in Teams

Need more help?

Want more options.

Explore subscription benefits, browse training courses, learn how to secure your device, and more.

Microsoft 365 subscription benefits

Microsoft 365 training

Microsoft security

Accessibility center

Communities help you ask and answer questions, give feedback, and hear from experts with rich knowledge.

Ask the Microsoft Community

Microsoft Tech Community

Windows Insiders

Microsoft 365 Insiders

Was this information helpful?

Thank you for your feedback.

Colorado Rockies | Rockies contemplating calling up Adael Amador,…

Share this:.

• Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window)
• Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window)
• Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)

Digital Replica Edition

• Sports on TV/Radio
• Sports Podcasts

Colorado Rockies

Colorado rockies | rockies contemplating calling up adael amador, their no. 1 prospect, struggling reliever matt carasiti designated for assignment, geoff hartlieb called up.

According to a report by baseball writer Francys Romero, Amador will bypass Triple-A Albuquerque and make his major-league debut, perhaps as early as Sunday. The Rockies, however, have not announced the move yet, and Amador’s promotion depends on the health and availability of starting second baseman Brendan Rodgers.

According to MLB.com, Amador will join the club in St. Louis, but the club would still have to recall and activate him officially.

The Rockies are still trying to determine if Rodger will have to go on the 10-day injured list because of a left hamstring injury. Rodgers tweaked the hamstring in the eighth inning of Friday night’s game. If Rodgers goes on the IL, Amador will be activated.

Amador is slashing just .194/.337/.329 over 209 plate appearances with the Yard Goats, but he’s stolen 22 bases in 25 attempts and has hit seven homers and two doubles. Amador got off to a slow start, but he’s heated up recently, slashing .309/.400/.655 over his last 66 plate appearances.

Bullpen shuffle. Struggling right-handed reliever Matt Carasiti was designated for assignment Saturday. The club selected the contract of right-hander Geoff Hartlieb and called him up from Triple-A on Saturday.

Carasiti was added to the major-league roster two weeks ago but was hit hard and lacked command as he posted a 10.38 ERA across seven appearances (8 2/3 innings).

The Rockies are Hartlieb’s fifth major league organization, who was drafted by Pittsburgh in the 29th round of the 2016 draft.  He has a 7.17 ERA over 70 1/3 career innings (59 appearances) with three teams at the major-league level.

Want more Rockies news? Sign up for the Rockies Insider to get all our MLB analysis.

• Report an Error
• Submit a News Tip

More in Colorado Rockies

Colorado Rockies | Rockies’ Ezequiel Tovar — two homers, four hits — stars in win over Cardinals

Colorado Rockies | Rockies Journal: Nolan Arenado trade has failed to produce what Cardinals hoped

Colorado Rockies | Rockies waste Michael Toglia’s Little League grand slam, drop second game of series in St. Louis

Colorado Rockies | Michael Toglia, Cal Quantrill lead Rockies to 3-2 win over Cardinals