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101 Euthanasia Essay Topic Ideas & Examples

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Euthanasia, also known as assisted suicide or mercy killing, is a controversial topic that has sparked heated debates around the world. There are strong arguments both for and against euthanasia, with proponents arguing for the right to die with dignity and opponents concerned about the potential for abuse and the sanctity of life.

If you are tasked with writing an essay on euthanasia, it can be challenging to come up with a unique and interesting topic. To help you get started, we have compiled a list of 101 euthanasia essay topic ideas and examples to inspire your writing.

• The ethics of euthanasia: exploring the moral implications of assisted suicide
• The right to die: should individuals have the right to choose when and how they die?
• Physician-assisted suicide: should doctors be allowed to help patients end their lives?
• The role of religion in the euthanasia debate
• Euthanasia and quality of life: should suffering patients be allowed to end their lives?
• The slippery slope argument: is legalizing euthanasia a slippery slope towards euthanizing vulnerable populations?
• Euthanasia and mental illness: should patients with mental illness be allowed to access euthanasia?
• The impact of euthanasia on families and loved ones
• Euthanasia and the elderly: should elderly patients be allowed to choose euthanasia as an end-of-life option?
• The legal status of euthanasia around the world
• Euthanasia and disability: should disabled individuals have access to euthanasia?
• Euthanasia and palliative care: exploring alternative options for end-of-life care
• Euthanasia and autonomy: should individuals have the right to make decisions about their own deaths?
• Euthanasia and healthcare costs: exploring the economic implications of end-of-life care
• Euthanasia and cultural differences: how different cultures view and approach euthanasia
• The role of hospice care in the euthanasia debate
• Euthanasia and suicide prevention: how do we balance the right to die with the need to prevent suicide?
• Euthanasia and children: should minors be allowed to access euthanasia?
• Euthanasia and the Hippocratic Oath: should doctors be allowed to assist in ending a patient's life?
• Euthanasia and the right to refuse treatment: should patients have the right to refuse life-saving treatment?
• Euthanasia and end-of-life decision-making: how can we ensure that patients' wishes are respected?
• Euthanasia and mental capacity: should patients with diminished mental capacity be allowed to access euthanasia?
• Euthanasia and the right to die at home: exploring options for dying at home with dignity
• Euthanasia and medical ethics: how do we balance the principles of beneficence and autonomy in end-of-life care?
• Euthanasia and the medical profession: should doctors be required to provide euthanasia if requested by a patient?
• Euthanasia and organ donation: should patients be allowed to donate their organs after euthanasia?
• Euthanasia and the role of the family: how do families navigate end-of-life decisions?
• Euthanasia and the law: should euthanasia be legalized or remain illegal?
• Euthanasia and patient consent: how do we ensure that patients are making informed decisions about euthanasia?
• Euthanasia and mental health: how does euthanasia impact the mental health of patients and families?
• Euthanasia and the right to die with dignity: should individuals have the right to die on their own terms?
• Euthanasia and terminal illness: should patients with terminal illnesses be allowed to access euthanasia?
• Euthanasia and the role of the state: should the state have a say in end-of-life decisions?
• Euthanasia and the philosophy of death: how do different philosophies view the concept of death and dying?
• Euthanasia and the disabled: should disabled individuals be protected from euthanasia?
• Euthanasia and the criminal justice system: should euthanasia be treated as a criminal act?
• Euthanasia and the right to life: how do we balance the right to life with the right to die?
• Euthanasia and the sanctity of life: should life be considered sacred and inviolable?
• Euthanasia and the role of government: how should governments regulate euthanasia?
• Euthanasia and end-of-life care: how can we provide compassionate care to patients at the end of life?
• Euthanasia and

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130 Euthanasia Essay Topics

This compilation of research questions on euthanasia offers diverse perspectives. Examine the moral implications of assisted suicide or dissect the legal frameworks governing end-of-life decisions. You can foster informed discussions and critical reflections on one of the hottest ethical dilemmas of our time with the help of euthanasia title ideas below.

⚡ TOP 7 Euthanasia Research Questions

✍️ euthanasia essay thesis statement, 🏆 best euthanasia essay topics, ⚖️ euthanasia essay arguments for & against, 👍 catchy euthanasia research questions, 💡 simple euthanasia essay topics, 🎓 interesting euthanasia essay ideas, ❓ more topics for an euthanasia essay.

• Euthanasia Pros and Cons
• For and Against Euthanasia: An Ethical Perspective
• Euthanasia & Assisted Suicide Should Not Be Legal
• Opinions About Euthanasia: For and Against
• Aristotle Theory About Euthanasia – Ethics
• Euthanasia and Morality Debate
• Euthanasia Through an Egoism Ethical Theory Lens

Once you’ve chosen a topic for your essay, it is vital to formulate a proper thesis statement. With a well-crafted thesis statement, you will have a clear focus and tone, helping readers to anticipate the key ideas and arguments. Let’s see how to do it for an euthanasia essay.

Writing a thesis statement on the complex topic of euthanasia requires precision and consideration of the various aspects and ethical dilemmas. Here are some tips to help you craft an effective thesis statement on euthanasia:

Euthanasia Thesis Statement Examples

Now, let’s look at good examples of thesis statements for euthanasia essay.

Example 1: This essay raises intricate ethical dilemmas of euthanasia at the intersection of individual autonomy and societal values. Exploring cultural, religious, and medical perspectives, it will navigate the complexities surrounding end-of-life choices. Moreover, it promotes an open dialogue that respects personal autonomy and recognizes the broader implications on medical practice and societal norms.

Example 2: The ethical discourse surrounding euthanasia hinges on the balance of compassionate relief from suffering and preserving the sanctity of life. This essay critically examines the moral dimensions of physician-assisted suicide, considering the rights of individuals to die with dignity while addressing the ethical responsibilities of medical professionals.

Example 3: Euthanasia challenges societies to reconcile personal autonomy with the value of life. This essay explores the ethical and legal contours of euthanasia and the implications of its various forms on patients and medical practitioners. It also highlights the need for comprehensive and compassionate end-of-life care options.

• Euthanasia: Advantages and Disadvantages Some advantages of practicing euthanasia include saving the victim from chronic pain and lengthy death, relieving patients from the guilt of being a burden to their caregivers.
• “Active and Passive Euthanasia” by Rachels The purpose of the paper is to discuss the philosopher’s position and the argument in favor of the claim as well as to analyze them.
• Euthanasia – Mercy Killing or Assisted Suicide This paper will examine moral and ethical concerns surrounding euthanasia, clarify the meaning of the term, present arguments both for and against the practice and conclude with a recommendation to resolve the issue.
• Ethical Theories Applied to the Euthanasia Issue The main meaning and ethical side of euthanasia is that a person dying from an incurable disease can voluntarily die in the presence of doctors and relatives.
• Legalizing Euthanasia: Nonmaleficence, Beneficence, and Patient Autonomy Physician-assisted suicide is an undeniably controversial topic, which gains more attention from the public the more countries start to legalize it.
• Is Euthanasia Morally Acceptable? This paper discusses should euthanasia be allowed under any circumstances in the cases when the patient is asking for it himself.
• Euthanasia from Religious Perspectives The article analyzes the views on euthanasia from the point of view of the Jewish, Christian, and Islamic religions.
• Euthanasia – For Legalizing Euthanasia is not the same as other practices such as Physician-Assisted Suicide, Terminal Sedation or Withholding/Withdrawing Life-Sustaining Treatments.
• Why Euthanasia Should Not Be Legalised Euthanasia legislation is typically championed by individuals who have experienced a loved one dying under unfavorable conditions.
• Legalizing Euthanasia: Pros and Cons Euthanasia should be a fundamental right because it gives patients the power to make conscious decisions about their fate.
• The Morality of Euthanasia Euthanasia is any action directed on putting an end to the life of a human being, fulfilling his/her own desire, and executed by a disinterested person.
• Euthanasia – The Essential Right to Die The phenomenon of euthanasia occurred with the development of social progress and in particular science and technology related to the maintenance of life seriously ill people.
• Euthanasia in Christianity and Buddhism This paper provides a discussion on a case study on euthanasia of a man, who finds out he has a severe disease that will disable him within several years.
• Euthanasia and Moral Reasoning Voluntary euthanasia may be morally acceptable because a terminally ill patient whose life functions are disrupted cannot live life to its full extent and pursue happiness.
• Moral Doctrine of Active and Passive Euthanasia The paper reviews topics of active euthanasia, the limitations of the conventional moral doctrine, relation between passive euthanasia and intention or voluntary actions.
• Euthanasia as a Method Against Human Suffering The phenomenon of euthanasia and its application in the medical sphere is a vital debate topic addressed by numerous scholars worldwide.
• Decision-Making: Euthanasia in Switzerland Agreeing to euthanasia is one of the hardest decisions to make. Christian values and some ethical principles that govern decision-making, one can make a sound decision.
• Euthanasia: Social Values and Nursing Practice Euthanasia has negative implications as it fails to recognize the value of human life. It also has negative effects on families and it leads to distress and devastation.
• Ethical Considerations Supporting Euthanasia In this paper, the case of the Oregon Death with Dignity Act will be reviewed as an example of legalized assisted dying in the USA.

The debate over euthanasia is multifaceted, with compelling arguments on both sides. The points below encapsulate the key considerations that fuel the ongoing discourse about this issue. Have a look on arguments for both for and against sides!

✅ Arguments For Euthanasia Essay

❌ Arguments Against Euthanasia Essay

• Euthanasia as a Christian Ethical Dilemma The issue of euthanasia has been quite topical over the past few years. It is viewed as inadmissible from the Christian perspective.
• Euthanasia as an Ethical Issue Based on ethics and morality, euthanasia is a practice that cannot be accepted at all. The concept of human value extends beyond the suffering an individual is now enduring.
• Euthanasia: A Child’s Right to Die Euthanasia needs to be considered as a viable option only under specific circumstances, which leave no alternative option for the patient’s dignity.
• The Issue of Euthanasia of Valentina Moreira From the point of view of Christianity, President Michelle Bachelet made the right choice, not allowing an exception for Valentina Moreira and forbidding her euthanasia.
• Aspects of Legalizing Euthanasia The paper states that euthanizing patients is not murdering them because it is considered the art of bringing an inevitable death closer.
• The Problem of Euthanasia Moral Acceptance The concept of euthanasia became a topic of ethical discussion regarding the acceptance of specific procedures directly affecting the personal right to live.
• Euthanasia as a Medical Ethical Dilemma The aim of the work is to analyze the ethical problem of medicine, such as euthanasia, and consider it as an example of a specific situation.
• Animal Shelter Euthanasia Reduction Strategies When it comes to animal shelter euthanasia anywhere in the United States and California in particular, this paper argues that it is unnecessary and should not be legalized.
• The Moral Arguments in Favor of Euthanasia Euthanasia opponents say that using the terms “mercy” and “justice” to justify forced euthanasia is a recipe for possible social chaos.
• The Legalization and Moral Issues about Euthanasia This paper explores the controversial topic of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide from a legal and moral standpoint.
• Self-Determination Right and Euthanasia The current euthanasia-related discussion aims to identify the moral rightness to kill or let a person die for the good plays an important role.
• Euthanasia from the Ethical Point of View Euthanasia is a controversial aspect of medicine that causes a lot of discussions. The main issue is the ethical side of the problem.
• Euthanasia: Physician-Assisted Suicide, Disability, and Paternalism Involuntary euthanasia, on the other hand, means that such a person would prefer to live but has a condition that would cause their death eventually.
• Euthanasia in Modern World: Ethical & Legal Issues The article provides a detailed overview of the rich empirical evidence on attitudes towards euthanasia and its legal status in the US, Canada, and Europe.
• Americans’ Strong Support for Euthanasia Persists The subject of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide (PAS) has seen much controversy and debate on its legality, morality, and ethics in the recent past.
• Euthanasia in the Terri Schiavo Case End-of-life care and its elements are associated with many ethical issues because it is not always clear whether euthanasia is necessary.
• The Issues Regarding Euthanasia The paper provides the philosophy regarding euthanasia, how the position aligns with a biblical worldview, and an analysis of the opposing side to the position.
• Euthanasia in Nursing Practice Euthanasia in nursing is a debatable phenomenon, but in the countries where it is legalized, nursing staff should be prepared and educated for it to provide high-quality care.
• Euthanasia as Social and Ethical Problem Euthanasia is an ethical problem concerned with aspects of religion and suicide, justice and privacy, and the role of a doctor in our society.
• The Debate Surrounding Euthanasia as a Method Against Human Suffering: Source Evaluation A study by Emanuel, “Attitudes and Practices of Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide,” provides a comprehensive examination of current academic positions and available.
• Euthanasia: The Legal and Ethical Perspectives The aim of this essay is to explore the legal and ethical perspectives on euthanasia, discuss the perspectives of ethical egoists and social contract ethicists.
• Euthanasia in Relation to Religion: Pros and Cons Euthanasia is carried out on three different grounds, which include: voluntary aspects, non-voluntary, or else involuntary
• Ethical Dilemma: Euthanasia The present paper compares the Christian worldview to own worldview assumptions of euthanasia.
• How Many People Died by Euthanasia Debate on euthanasia triggers various ethical, legal as well as moral issues that need to be addressed critically.
• Legalization of Euthanasia: Key Arguments Euthanasia should be legalized as it presupposes an individual’s right to choose and a doctor’s obligation to treat and help the person.
• Ethical Backgrounds of Euthanasia Euthanasia advocates state that every person has a complete right to decide whether to die. These views are opposed by those who state that it violates the sanctity of human life.
• Euthanasia and Its Current Legal Situation
• Christian and Muslims Attitudes to Euthanasia
• Euthanasia, Environmental Conservation, and Morality
• Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia No Human Life Should and by Unnatural Means
• Critical Thinking About Euthanasia as an Ethical Alternative to a Life of Suffering
• Ethical Arguments for and Against Voluntary Euthanasia
• The Criticisms and Opposition of Euthanasia in Australia
• Circumstances That Justify the Use of Physician-Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia
• Euthanasia Answers the Prayers of the Dying
• The Philosophical, Legal, and Medical Issues on Euthanasia
• Euthanasia, Making the Right Decision for Your Loved Ones
• Christian Ethics: Euthanasia Assignment
• Euthanasia: Current Policy, Problems, and Solution
• The Distinction Between Active and Passive Euthanasia
• Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia – It Is Not Murder, It Is Mercy
• The Factors That Influence the Legalization of Active and Passive Euthanasia in the United States
• Ethical Issues Surrounding the Choice of Euthanasia in the United States
• Euthanasia for Terminally Ill Patients Should Be Legalized
• Legal and Ethical Views on Physician-Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia
• Ethical, Moral and Religious Issues Surrounding Euthanasia
• Medical Ethics: Euthanasia Prohibition The paper summarizes the points and states the reasons for considering euthanasia prohibition illegal. The major argument recapitulates the point of the essay.
• Assisted Euthanasia: Philosophical Perspectives The analysis of assisted euthanasia from the standpoint of one specific concept is impossible due to distinctive views on this phenomenon and unique philosophical ideas.
• Euthanasia as a Remedy for Patients Despite the immorality of euthanasia in modern society, it is an ethically permissible procedure that follows the major philosophical principles.
• Law and Medical Ethics: Euthanasia and Physician Assisted Death Euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide are practices that occur in many countries. Some countries and states such as the Netherlands, Belgium, Switzerland and Oregon have made these practices legal.
• The Notion of Euthanasia and Its Execution Prerequisites The primary goal of this paper is to identify the case’s bioethical issue and reflect upon its role in the trial process.
• Euthanasia and Physician Assisted Suicide This paper will discuss Oregon’s Death with Dignity Act and the concepts of physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia that bring essential moral questions.
• Euthanasia: Points For and Against Euthanasia is a terminally ill person’s death, performed at his request with the help of a doctor and certain drugs.
• Euthanasia: Ethical Theories About the Topic Euthanasia is a controversial topic with many people from all walks of life arguing for and against it. Some academicians think that it cannot be allowed under any circumstances.
• Euthanasia: The Medical Evidence and Moral View The question of euthanasia creates numerous debates because of diverse views and opinions regarding the value and meaning of human life.
• Arguments for Euthanasia Analysis Euthanasia, otherwise known as mercy killing or assisted suicide, has been a controversial subject for many centuries.
• Euthanasia Law: Legalization of Euthanasia Issues One of the more controversial subjects in the medical field and elsewhere for many years has been the question of euthanasia, otherwise known as mercy killing or assisted suicide
• Blogs on Euthanasia: Rhetorical Analysis Euthanasia is the act or practice of deliberately ending the life of an individual who could either be suffering from a terminal illness or be in an incurable condition.
• Euthanasia or Assisted Suicide The present paper looks into the issue of physician- or doctor-assisted suicide or euthanasia from a number of perspectives.
• Euthanasia for Terminally Ill and Religious Ethics The patient is in his fifties and has been recently diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. He starts thinking of voluntary euthanasia.
• Euthanasia Decision Regarding Christian Worldview This paper has revealed that religious worldviews can guide people to make evidence-based decisions whenever dealing with complex issues, such as suicide and euthanasia.
• Euthanasia in Non-Terminally Ill Patients This paper gives a brief history of euthanasia in non-terminally ill patients, its moral relevance, and arguments surrounding this evidence-based medical practice.
• Biomedical Legislation and Euthanasia Mercy killing can be regarded as an option in various settings as people often have no strength or patience to endure pain. Supporters of the legitimization of euthanasia emphasized this matter.
• Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide in Europe and the US Euthanasia is defined as a deliberate action with the aim of ending a patient’s life to ease the suffering caused by the disease.
• Euthanasia in Public Opinion and Policy-Making Raising awareness of euthanasia is important not only because of the ongoing debate but also because of the topic’s complexity and relations to individual cases.
• Euthanasia-Associated Ethical Challenges in Nursing Rather than legalizing euthanasia, the government and other stakeholders in the health sector should push for the improvement of patient outcomes and nursing practices.
• Raising Awareness: Euthanasia as an Important Part of Modern Society and Care The attitude and approach toward euthanasia have always been complicated since the discussion of euthanasia itself can become extremely controversial.
• Acceptability of Euthanasia: Moral and Humanistic Views Euthanasia is one of the most controversial issues of the modern era that could be discussed in terms of the deontological ethical theory.
• Euthanasia Definition, Types, Pros and Cons The relationship between euthanasia and dying with dignity exemplify the up to date stress on self-determination as an illustration of personal independence.
• Euthanasia Controversy and Supporting Arguments Euthanasia is one of the most controversial issues in the modern health care environment. It can be performed in several assorted forms.
• Medical Ethics: Pet Euthanasia Pet-owners desire that their ailing pets have painless and stress-free deaths. This eliminates trauma for both a pet and its owner.
• Death Upon Request: Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide In the documentary Death Upon Request assisted euthanasia is the result of the patient’s decision, since some people prefer to die in dignity in order not to burden their loved ones.
• Ethical Issues: Euthanasia Debate Voluntary euthanasia occurs due to permission from the patient. Active euthanasia happens when a third party carries out a deliberate act which causes death of a patient.
• Confronting Physician-Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia The article written by Susan Wolf urges the readers to reevaluate their views on euthanasia and assisted suicide.
• Are Physician-Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia Ethical?
• What Is the Ethical Issue of Euthanasia?
• What Is the Moral Significance of Euthanasia?
• Should Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide Be Legalized?
• Can Hegelian Dialectics Justify Euthanasia?
• Is Animal Euthanasia Ethical?
• What Does Kantian Ethics Say About Euthanasia?
• How May the Christian Faith Inform the Debate Over Euthanasia?
• Why Passive Euthanasia Is Ethical?
• Why Is Euthanasia a Debate?
• What Are the Advantages of Euthanasia?
• Would You Let Euthanasia End One’s Life?
• What Are Four Arguments Against Euthanasia?
• What Are Two Arguments in Support of Euthanasia?
• Why Euthanasia Should Not Be Legalised?
• What Are the Four Different Types of Euthanasia?
• Why Some Forms of Euthanasia May Be Ethically Justified?
• Why Can Christians Not Accept Euthanasia?
• Is Euthanasia Legal in Australia?
• How Does Euthanasia Work?
• How Do Vets Feel About Euthanasia?
• How Do Different Religions View Euthanasia?
• Why Do Dogs Gasp After Euthanasia?
• How Christians Apply Their Beliefs to Abortion and Euthanasia?
• Where Was Euthanasia First Legalized?
• How Does Brian Clark Use Theatre to Dramatise the Euthanasia Debate?
• Who Came up With the Idea of Euthanasia?
• How a Death Request Should Be Legalized in the Debate About Euthanasia?
• Where Is Euthanasia Legal in Canada?
• Does Euthanasia Hurt?

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These essay examples and topics on Euthanasia were carefully selected by the StudyCorgi editorial team. They meet our highest standards in terms of grammar, punctuation, style, and fact accuracy. Please ensure you properly reference the materials if you’re using them to write your assignment.

This essay topic collection was updated on January 22, 2024 .

Euthanasia - Essay Samples And Topic Ideas For Free

Euthanasia, also known as assisted dying or mercy killing, remains a deeply contested ethical and legal issue. Essays could delve into the various forms of euthanasia, such as voluntary, non-voluntary, and involuntary euthanasia, discussing the moral and legal implications of each. The discourse might extend to the examination of the cultural, religious, and societal attitudes towards euthanasia, exploring how different societies and religious groups perceive the right to die. Discussions could also focus on the experiences of countries and regions that have legalized euthanasia, examining the impact on healthcare practices, legal frameworks, and societal attitudes. Moreover, the broader implications of euthanasia on medical ethics, patient autonomy, and the sanctity of life could be explored to provide a comprehensive understanding of the complexities surrounding euthanasia and the ongoing debates on its legalization and practice. A substantial compilation of free essay instances related to Euthanasia you can find at Papersowl. You can use our samples for inspiration to write your own essay, research paper, or just to explore a new topic for yourself.

Euthanasia: is it Ethical

While doing research on the topic of Euthanasia and Physician Assisted Suicide, I have come to see that people have a hard time believing that this should be an option for people who have terminal illnesses. Euthanasia is the painless killing of a patient suffering from an incurable and painful disease or in an irreversible coma and Physician Assisted Suicide (PAS) is The voluntary termination of one's own life by administration of a lethal substance with the direct or indirect […]

Arguments for and against Euthanasia

Euthanasia is also known as physician-assisted suicide or good death. It refers to the method where animals that are suffering or in discomfort are helped to rest in death. Many pet owners consider Euthanasia a more compassionate manner of bidding their beloved animals goodbye. In the case of people, many states have not legalized euthanasia for people with dementia or those suffering from incurable diseases. Euthanasia creates an ethical dilemma on three main lines: legal, medical, and philosophical. There are […]

Ethics Behind Physician-Assisted Suicide

Assisted suicide is the act of intentionally killing yourself with the assistance of someone else. In the United States, physician-assisted suicide is when a physician provides a patient, who meets the criteria of having a terminal illness, with medication in order to terminate their life to relieve pain and/or suffering. Physician-assisted suicide is often confused with euthanasia. Euthanasia is illegal in the US. It requires a doctor, or another individual, to administer the medication to the patient. Other terms for […]

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Why Euthanasia should be Legalised

Did you know that the word euthanasia comes from Greek which means good death? However, Only 9 out of the 196 countries in the world have legalised euthanasia or assisted death, including the Netherlands, Belgium, Switzerland and Japan. - posted on Deccan Chronicle. These are all first world countries that value freedom and I strongly believe that Euthanasia should be extended to all other countries. There are 4 different types of euthanasia voluntary, involuntary, active and passive euthanasia. First, I […]

The Ban on Euthanasia

Imagine your girl best friend gets into a car crash. After the incident, you find out she suffered major spinal cord damage and her legs will be paralyzed for the rest of her life. You go to visit her in the hospital the same week but arrive to shocking news. She tells you she has lost the will to live and wants to be euthanized, or painlessly killed. She tells you she is worried about how this accident will affect […]

Assisted Suicide the Rights we have

The right to assisted suicide is one of the most controversial topics ever discussed because of the fact that other people control your life when you are unable to. But some people think that they can stop you from dying even though death is inevitable when one is terminally ill. They think that because of religious and moral reasons they could stop someone from ending their own life. Assisted suicide also known as ""Euthanasia"" is used to make a painless […]

Economic Benefits of Euthanasia

Euthanasia is assisted suicide, it is an action taken by a doctor with consent of the patient in order to relieve immense pain and suffering. However, is the overall process of Euthanasia beneficial for the economy? Based on research, euthanasia is beneficial to the economy, and saves a vast amount of money for families for hospital stays, private insurance companies, taxpayers, and medicare each year. For a hospital stay, the average cost per inpatient day is $2,534.00 for a local […]

Euthanasia Debate

The intention to deliberately help someone accelerate the death of an incurable patient, even to stop his or her suffering has never been an easy task. The ethics of euthanasia is one that has been debated over since the fourth century B.C. Euthanasia is translated from Greek as "good death" or "easy death. At first, the term referred to painless and peaceful natural deaths in old age that occurred in comfortable and familiar surroundings. Today the word is currently understood […]

Physician-assisted Suicide: Right to Die

You may have heard of Physician-assisted suicide before, but what exactly is it? Physician-Assisted suicide is when someone who is terminally ill and completely competent of making choices the right to take their own life, legally with the help of a doctor. Though it seems as if they should be able to do that, in most states the law does get in the way of that. There are ethical and moral issues surrounding this issue. Regardless of those issues, those […]

Religious Perspectives on Euthanasia

Death is one of the most important things that religions deal with. All faiths offer meaning and explanations for death and dying; all faiths try to find a place for death and dying within human experience. Most religions disapprove of euthanasia. Some of them absolutely forbid it. Virtually all religions state that those who become vulnerable through illness or disability deserve special care and protection and that proper end of life care is a much better thing than euthanasia. Religions […]

Active and Passive Euthanasia

Euthanasia is the termination of a terminally ill person's life in order to relieve patients of their severe and untreatable pain. It is further broken down into two types: active and passive. In this paper, I will be focusing on active euthanasia and will argue that it is morally justifiable for a physician to alleviate agony for a patient and their family via direct action. Active euthanasia is morally permissible when a patient explicitly states their consent due to the […]

Physician Assisted Suicide: Medical Practice

Physician assisted suicide is when a physician provides a patient with the necessary means and information to help the patient perform a life ending act. Physician assisted suicide is when is when a person gets prescribed a lethal dose of medication from their physician that they can take when they get ready too. Physician assisted suicide has become an option for those around the world and even legal in certain States in the US. This option is legal in 6 […]

The Controversy over Euthanasia

Euthanasia, as defined by the Merriam-Webster Dictionary, is the act or practice of killing or permitting the death of hopelessly sick or injured individuals (such as persons or domestic animals) in a relatively painless way for reasons of mercy. The growing euthanasia epidemic has raised a profusion of controversy in recent years due to the legal and moral implications. Although described as relatively painless,euthanasia is something that should be methodically and thoroughly thought through because of the permanent effect it […]

Euthanasia and Death Penalty

Euthanasia and death penalty are two controversy topics, that get a lot of attention in today's life. The subject itself has the roots deep in the beginning of the humankind. It is interesting and maybe useful to learn the answer and if there is right or wrong in those actions. The decision if a person should live or die depends on the state laws. There are both opponents and supporters of the subject. However different the opinions are, the state […]

Physician Assisted Suicide: the Growing Issue of Dying with Dignity and Euthanasia

Is someone wanting to die with dignity more important than the conscience of a doctor who provides care for others? The issue of physician-assisted death can be summed up by simply saying it has a snowball effect. What starts as physician-assisted death turns into euthanizing and from there it could end up in the killing of patients without their full comprehension as to what they agreed to. The solution to this issue is accepting there is a problem and figuring […]

Definition of Euthanasia

Euthanasia defined as an intentionally ending of the life of the terminally ill person in order to relieve pain or suffering, done by a physician, legally. This is not to be confused with the similar physician assisted suicide, the suicide of patient suffering from an incurable disease, effected by the taking of lethal drug by a doctor for this purpose. It is legal in only a few places of the world, and the laws vary by the places. That means […]

Physician Assisted Suicide

Healthcare isn't as perfect as we think it should be considering there are so many medications and treatments that can help restore or cure one's illness. When needing the assistance of a healthcare facility, there are many different challenges that can impact patients and their families. Challenges that include life or death decision making, insurance coverage, the need for medications, cost of services, and so on. As these challenges may seem as if they are minor to some, they truly […]

Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide

In a documentary, Charles Scott was a man who loved to read, sing, and enjoy being outdoors. He was diagnosed with lymphoma. Struggling every day just to breathe after walking 10 steps to the bathroom and dealing with his eyesight deteriorating, He found life to be full of pain instead of joy. He found no want in having to wait through multiple medications, operations, pain, hospice, and finally him dying suffocating trying to catch his breath” he wished to die […]

Physician-Assisted Euthanasia/Suicide

Part 1: Ethical Question Should doctors have a choice to opt out of assisting terminally ill patients with euthanasia/suicide? Part 2: Introduction Some people think being a physician is an exciting job for the most part. However, physicians have the task of making tough decisions that could hurt many people emotionally. The morality of assisted euthanasia and suicide has been questioned by many people. Some may consider euthanasia and suicide immoral any wrong. Unfortunately, euthanasia and suicide may be the […]

Arguments for Legalizing Euthanasia

I once heard euthanasia is a heart-wrenching kindness and i believe that to be true.Although we as vet techs know it is the right thing to do, being apart of ending there pain and suffering,it is hard being the one to end it knowing the bond an animal has with its owner.Everyone has their own thoughts about this topic and how we prefer to handle it.There are different tolerances everyone has on how it should be done and what the […]

Why Active Euthanasia and Physician Assisted Suicide should be Legalized

This reference source gives us an overview of why euthanasia should be legalized. It goes into depth about how patients and doctors are affected by the decision to end a person's life, and moral issues, and whether it is right or wrong to purposely end someone's life. This source highlights that euthanasia should be in the best interest of the patient who is suffering from an illness, such as an incurable disease or a serious health issue. Doctors should be […]

Physician-assisted Suicide is not Federally Mandated

Physician-assisted suicide is not federally mandated due to the lack of bipartisanship in Congress, the principles of federalism, and contributions from conservative organizations and interest groups. The attitudes and moral acceptability about certain behaviors and actions differ significantly among Republicans and Democrats. According to a 2007 survey, 62% of Democrats support doctors assisting a terminally ill patient to commit suicide, while only 49% of Republicans support this notion (Gallup, Inc 2007). 59% of Democrats also find physician-assisted suicide to be […]

Physician-assisted Suicide and Euthanasia

Physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia have become some of the most highly controversial topics discussed in medicine, making those who have medicine as an occupation question the morality behind the act. A common misconception people often times make is confusing the fact that physician-assisted suicide and voluntary active euthanasia as the same thing. The NCI dictionary of cancer terms states euthanasia is accessibility to ""[a]n easy or painless death or the intentional ending of the life of a person suffering from […]

Euthanasia and Physician Assisted Suicide

Sometimes people criticize euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide from what is called "pro-life" perspectives and other times from "pro-death" perspectives; each perspective has a different argument about their position and the side they are on in this debate. This paper will review some of these arguments that have been made to date, as well as some of the more recent developments in this issue (Dieterle 129). To begin with, many people argue that euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide are morally acceptable because […]

Hinduism and Buddhist Perspective of Suicide and Euthanasia

The principle of ahimsa, or no violence, is fervently held in Hinduism and is reflective in followers' everyday lives. This concept extends to oneself as well as others. For one, suicide is condemned in this religion because all life is considered sacred. Humans life is perceived as precious because only through one of the three human realms can liberation be achieved. Other living things, such as insects and animals, do not receive the same opportunity, so it is crucial followers […]

Euthanasia – One of the most Debated Topics Today

The topic of euthanasia is one of the most debated topics today. Elderly patients can be pressured into a decision they don't want to make. Citizens can also be unfairly euthanized as well. Euthanasia should stay illegal due to the obligation to elderly patients, non permitted euthanization, of an individual, and which can open hopefully widen perspective on this issue, as well as many others. Euthanasia is a complex topic that can't be described simply and without depth. Euthanasia can […]

Physician-assisted Suicide Debate

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Ethics and Challenges of Euthanasia

As there are other patients who have a higher chance of living, euthanizing the patient was the more practical option. Euthanasia advocates argue that futile care may harm others. For instance, a young child with an acute respiratory disease, who has a potentially higher chance of getting cured, could not get a bed and ventilator in the ICU because others were using it even though they are not getting any personal benefit from the treatment (Niederman & Berger, 2010). This […]

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What is Euthanasia?

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How To Write An Essay On Euthanasia

Introduction to the concept of euthanasia.

When embarking on an essay about euthanasia, it’s crucial to begin with a clear definition of what euthanasia entails. Euthanasia, often referred to as "mercy killing," is the act of intentionally ending a person's life to relieve them of suffering, typically from a terminal illness or an incurable condition. In your introduction, outline the various types of euthanasia, such as voluntary, non-voluntary, and involuntary, and the ethical, legal, and moral questions they raise. This introductory segment sets the stage for an in-depth exploration of the arguments for and against euthanasia and its implications in the realms of medicine, ethics, and law.

Exploring the Arguments For and Against Euthanasia

The body of your essay should delve into the complex arguments surrounding euthanasia. On one hand, proponents argue that euthanasia is a compassionate response to unbearable suffering, respecting an individual's right to choose death over prolonged pain. They may also cite the importance of dignity in death and the reduction of medical costs for terminally ill patients. On the other hand, opponents raise concerns about the sanctity of life, the potential for abuse, and the slippery slope towards non-voluntary or involuntary euthanasia. They may also discuss the moral obligations of medical professionals to preserve life. This section should present a balanced view of the debate, providing a comprehensive understanding of the various perspectives on euthanasia.

Ethical and Legal Considerations

A crucial aspect of your essay should be an examination of the ethical and legal considerations surrounding euthanasia. Discuss the ethical principles involved, such as autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice. Explore how different countries and cultures view and legislate euthanasia, noting the variations in legal frameworks and the criteria required for it to be carried out. This analysis should provide insight into the complexities of legalizing and regulating euthanasia, and the ethical dilemmas faced by healthcare providers, patients, and their families.

Concluding with Personal Reflections and Broader Implications

Conclude your essay by summarizing the key points and offering personal reflections on the topic. Reflect on the implications of euthanasia for society and the field of healthcare. Consider how advances in medical technology and changes in societal attitudes might influence the future of euthanasia. Your conclusion should not only provide closure to your essay but also encourage further thought and dialogue on this sensitive and contentious issue, highlighting the ongoing importance of ethical deliberation in decisions about life and death.

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Tips on How to Write a Euthanasia Argumentative Essay

Abortion, birth control, death sentencing, legalization of medical marijuana, and gender reassignment surgery remain the most controversial medical issues in contemporary society.  Euthanasia is also among the controversial topics in the medical field. It draws arguments from philosophy, ethics, and religious points of view.

By definition derives from a Greek term that means good death, and it is the practice where an experienced medical practitioner or a physician intentionally ends an individual's life to end pain and suffering. The names mercy killing or physician-assisted suicide also knows it.

Different countries have different laws as regards euthanasia. In the UK, physician-assisted suicide is illegal and can earn a medical practitioner 14 years imprisonment. All over the world, there is a fierce debate as regards mercy killing.

Like any other controversial topic, there are arguments for and against euthanasia. Thus, there are two sides to the debate. The proponents or those for euthanasia believe it is a personal choice issue, even when death is involved.

On the other hand, those against euthanasia or the opponents believe that physicians must only assist patients when the patients are sound to make such a decision. That is where the debate centers.

This article explores some of the important basics to follow when writing an exposition, argumentative, persuasive, or informative essay on euthanasia.

Steps in Writing a Paper on Euthanasia

When assigned homework on writing a research paper or essay on euthanasia, follow these steps to make it perfect.

1. Read the Prompt

The essay or research paper prompt always have instructions to follow when writing any academic work. Students, therefore, should read it to pick up the mind of the professor or teaching assistant on the assigned academic task. When reading the prompt, be keen to understand what approach the professor prefers. Besides, it should also tell you the type of essay you are required to write and the scope.

2. Choose a Captivating Topic

After reading the prompt, you are required to frame your euthanasia essay title. Make sure that the title you choose is captivating enough as it invites the audience to read your essay. The title of your essay must not divert from the topic, but make it catchy enough to lure and keep readers. An original and well-structured essay title on euthanasia should give an idea of what to expect in the body paragraphs. It simply gives them a reason to read your essay.

3. Decide on the Best Thesis Statement for your Euthanasia Essay

Creating a thesis statement for a euthanasia essay does not deviate from the conventions of essay writing. The same is consistent when writing a thesis statement for a euthanasia research paper. The thesis statement can be a sentence or two at the end of the introduction that sums up your stance on the topic of euthanasia. It should be brief, well crafted, straight to the point, and outstanding. Right from the start, it should flow with the rest of the essay and each preceding paragraph should support the thesis statement.

4. Write an Outline

An outline gives you a roadmap of what to write in each part of the essay, including the essay hook, introduction, thesis statement, body paragraphs, and the conclusion. We have provided a sample euthanasia essay outline in this article, be sure to look at it.

5. Write the First Draft

With all ingredients in place, it is now time to write your euthanasia essay by piecing up all the different parts. Begin with an essay hook, then the background information on the topic, then the thesis statement in the introduction. The body paragraphs should each contain an idea that is well supported with facts from books, journals, articles, and other scholarly sources. Be sure to follow the MLA, APA, Harvard, or Chicago formatting conventions when writing the paper as advised in the essay prompt.

6. Proofread and Edit the Essay

You have succeeded in skinning the elephant, and it is now time to cut the pieces and consume. Failure to proofread and edit an essay can be dangerous for your grade. There is always an illusion that you wrote it well after all. However, if you take some time off and come to it later, you will notice some mistakes. If you want somebody to proofread your euthanasia essay, you can use our essay editing service . All the same, proofreading an essay is necessary before turning the essay in.

Creating a Euthanasia Essay or Research Paper Outline

Like any other academic paper, having a blueprint of the entire essay on euthanasia makes it easy to write. Writing an outline is preceded by choosing a great topic. In your outline or structure of argumentative essay on euthanasia, you should highlight the main ideas such as the thesis statement, essay hook, introduction, topic sentences for the body paragraphs and supporting facts, and the concluding remarks. Here is a sample outline for a euthanasia argumentative essay.

This is a skeleton for your euthanasia essay:

Introduction

• Hook sentence/ attention grabber
• Thesis statement
• Background statement (history of euthanasia and definition)
• Transition to Main Body
• The legal landscape of euthanasia globally
• How euthanasia affects physician-patient relationships
• Biblical stance on euthanasia
• Consequences of illegal euthanasia
• Ethical and moral issues of euthanasia
• Philosophical stance on euthanasia
• Transition to Conclusion
• Restated thesis statement
• Unexpected twist or a final argument
• Food for thought

Sample Euthanasia Essay Outline

Title: Euthanasia is not justified

Essay hook - It is there on TV, but did you know that a situation could prompt a doctor to bring to an end suffering and pain to a terminally ill patient? There is more than meets the eye on euthanasia.

Thesis statement : despite the arguments for and against euthanasia, it is legally and morally wrong to kill any person, as it is disregard of the right to life of an individual and the value of human life.

Paragraph 1: Euthanasia should be condemned as it ends the sacred lives of human beings.

• Only God gives life and has the authority to take it and not humans.
• The bible says, Thou shalt not kill.
• The Quran states, "Whoever killed a Mujahid (a person who is granted the pledge of protection by the Muslims) shall not smell the fragrance of Paradise though its fragrance can be smelt at a distance of forty years (of traveling).

Paragraph 2: Euthanasia gives physicians the power to determine who lives and who dies.

• Doctors end up playing the role of God.
• It could be worse when doctors make mistakes or advance their self-interests to make money. They can liaise with family members to kill for the execution of a will.

Paragraph 3: it destroys the patient-physician relationship

• Patients trust the doctors for healing
• When performed on other patients, the remaining patients lose trust in the same doctor of the facility.
• Under the Hippocratic Oath, doctors are supposed to alleviate pain, end suffering, and protect life, not eliminate it.

Paragraph 4: euthanasia is a form of murder

• Life is lost in the end.
• There are chances that when tried with other therapeutic and non-therapeutic approaches, terminally ill patients can always get better.
• It is selfish to kill a patient based on a medical report, which in itself could be erratic.
• Patients respond well to advanced care approaches.

Paragraph 5: ( Counterargument) euthanasia proponents argue based on relieving suffering and pain as well as reducing the escalating cost of healthcare.

• Euthanasia helps families avoid spending much on treating a patient who might not get well.
• It is the wish of the patients who have made peace with the fact that they might not recover.

  Conclusion

In sum, advancement in technology in the medical field and the existence of palliative care are evidence enough that there is no need for mercy killing. Even though there are claims that it ends pain and suffering, it involves killing a patient who maybe could respond to novel approaches to treatment.

Abohaimed, S., Matar, B., Al-Shimali, H., Al-Thalji, K., Al-Othman, O., Zurba, Y., & Shah, N. (2019). Attitudes of Physicians towards Different Types of Euthanasia in Kuwait.  Medical Principles and Practice ,  28 (3), 199-207.

Attell, B. K. (2017). Changing attitudes toward euthanasia and suicide for terminally ill persons, 1977 to 2016: an age-period-cohort analysis.  OMEGA-Journal of Death and Dying , 0030222817729612.

Barone, S., & Unguru, Y. (2017). Should Euthanasia Be Considered Iatrogenic? AMA journal of ethics, 19(8), 802-814.

Emanuel, E. (2017). Euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide: focus on the data.  The Medical Journal of Australia ,  206 (8), 1-2e1.

Inbadas, H., Zaman, S., Whitelaw, S., & Clark, D. (2017). Declarations on euthanasia and assisted dying.  Death Studies, 41 (9), 574-584.

Jacobs, R. K., & Hendricks, M. (2018). Medical students' perspectives on euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide and their views on legalising these practices in South Africa.  South African Medical Journal ,  108 (6), 484-489.

Math, S. B., & Chaturvedi, S. K. (2012). Euthanasia: the right to life vs right to die.  The Indian journal of medical research, 136 (6), 899.

Reichlin, M. (2001). Euthanasia in the Netherlands.  KOS , (193), 22-29.

Saul, H. (2014, November 5). The Vatican Condemns Brittany Maynard's Decision to end her Life as �Absurd'.

Sulmasy, D. P., Travaline, J. M., & Louise, M. A. (2016). Non-faith-based arguments against physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia.  The Linacre Quarterly, 83 (3), 246-257.

Euthanasia Essay Introduction Ideas

An introduction is a gate into the compound of your well-reasoned thoughts, ideas, and opinions in an essay. As such, the introduction should be well structured in a manner that catches the attention of the readers from the onset.

While it seems the hardest thing to do, writing an introduction should never give you the fear of stress, blank page, or induce a writer's block. Instead, it should flow right from the essay hook to the thesis statement.

Given that you can access statistics, legal variations, and individual stories based on personal experiences with euthanasia online, writing a euthanasia essay introduction should be a walk in the park.

Ensure that the introduction to the essay is catchy, appealing, and informative. Here are some ideas to use:

• Rights of humans to life
• How euthanasia is carried out
• When euthanasia is legally allowed
• Stories from those with experience in euthanasia
• The stance of doctors on euthanasia
• Definition of euthanasia
• Countries that allow euthanasia
• Statistics of physicians assisted suicide in a given state, locality, or continent.
• Perception of the public given the diversity of culture

There are tons of ideas on how to start an essay on euthanasia.  You need to research, immerse yourself in the topic, and scoop the best evidence. Presenting facts in an argumentative essay on euthanasia will help convince the readers to argue for or against euthanasia. Based on your stance, make statements in favor of euthanasia or statements against euthanasia known from the onset through the strong thesis statement.

Essay Topics and Ideas on Euthanasia

• Should Euthanasia be legal?
• What are the different types of euthanasia?
• Is euthanasia morally justified?
• Cross-cultural comparison of attitudes and beliefs on euthanasia
• The history of euthanasia
• Euthanasia from a Patient's Point of View
• Should euthanasia be considered Iatrogenic?
• Does euthanasia epitomize failed medical approaches?
• How does euthanasia work?
• Should Physician-Assisted Suicide be legal?
• Sociology of Death and Dying
• Arguments for and against euthanasia and assisted suicide
• Euthanasia is a moral dilemma
• The euthanasia debate
• It Is Much Better to Die with Dignity Than to Live with Pain Essay
• Euthanasia Is a Moral, Ethical, and Proper
• Euthanasia Law of Euthanasia in California and New York
• Effect of Euthanasia on Special Population
• Euthanasia is inhuman
• Role of nurses in Euthanasia
• Are family and relative decisions considered during the euthanasia
• The biblical stance on euthanasia

Related Articles:

• Argumentative essay topics and Ideas
• Topics and ideas for informative essays

Get Help with Writing Euthanasia Argumentative Essay for School

We have covered the tips of writing an argumentative essay on euthanasia. Besides, we have also presented a sample euthanasia essay outline, which can help you write your essay. However, sometimes you might lack the motivation to write an essay on euthanasia, even when you have access to argumentative essay examples on euthanasia. 

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Essay on Euthanasia: 100, 200 and 300 Words Samples

• Updated on  
• Feb 22, 2024

Essay on Euthanasia: Euthanasia refers to the act of killing a person without any emotions or mercy. Euthanasia is an ethnically complex and controversial topic, with different perspectives and legal regulations on different topics. School students and individuals preparing for competitive exams are given assigned topics like essays on euthanasia. The objective of such topics is to check the candidate’s perspectives and what punishment should be morally and legally right according to them. 

If you are assigned an essay on euthanasia, it means your examiner or teacher wants to know your level of understanding of the topic. In this article, we will provide you with some samples of essays on euthanasia. Feel free to take ideas from the essays discussed below.

Master the art of essay writing with our blog on How to Write an Essay in English .

Table of Contents

• 1 Essay on Euthanasia in 150 Words
• 2.1 Euthanasia Vs Physician-Assisted Suicide
• 2.2 Euthanasia Classification
• 3 Is Euthanasia Bad?

Essay on Euthanasia in 150 Words

Euthanasia or mercy killing is the act of deliberately ending a person’s life.  This term was coined by Sir Francis Bacon. Different countries have their perspectives and laws against such harmful acts. The Government of India, 2016, drafted a bill on passive euthanasia and called it ‘The Medical Treatment of Terminally Ill Patient’s Bill (Protection of Patients and Medical Practitioners). 

Euthanasia is divided into different classifications: Voluntary, Involuntary and Non-Voluntary. Voluntary euthanasia is legal in countries like Belgium and the Netherlands, with the patient’s consent. On one side, some supporters argue for an individual’s right to autonomy and a dignified death. On the other hand, the opponents raise concerns about the sanctity of life, the potential for abuse, and the slippery slope towards devaluing human existence. The ethical debate extends to questions of consent, quality of life, and societal implications.

Also Read: Essay on National Science Day for Students in English

Essay on Euthanasia in 350 Words

The term ‘Euthanasia’ was first coined by Sir Francis Bacon, who referred to an easy and painless death, without necessarily implying intentional or assisted actions. In recent years, different countries have come up with different approaches, and legal regulations against euthanasia have been put forward. 

In 2016, the government of India drafted a bill, where euthanasia was categorised as a punishable offence. According to Sections 309 and 306 of the Indian Penal Code, any attempt to commit suicide and abetment of suicide is a punishable offence. However, if a person is brain dead, only then he or she can be taken off life support only with the help of family members.

Euthanasia Vs Physician-Assisted Suicide

Euthanasia is the act of intentionally causing the death of a person to relieve their suffering, typically due to a terminal illness or unbearable pain. 

Physician-assisted suicide involves a medical professional providing the means or information necessary for a person to end their own life, typically by prescribing a lethal dose of medication.

In euthanasia, a third party, often a healthcare professional, administers a lethal substance or performs an action directly causing the person’s death.

It is the final decision of the patient that brings out the decision of their death.

Euthanasia Classification

Voluntary Euthanasia

It refers to the situation when the person who is suffering explicitly requests or consents to euthanasia. A patient with a terminal illness may express his or her clear and informed desire to end their life to a medical professional.

Involuntary

It refers to the situation when euthanasia is performed without the explicit consent of the person, often due to the individual being unable to communicate their wishes.

Non-Voluntary

In this situation, euthanasia is performed without the explicit consent of the person, and the person’s wishes are unknown.

Active euthanasia refers to the deliberate action of causing a person’s death, such as administering a lethal dose of medication.

It means allowing a person to die by withholding or withdrawing treatment or life-sustaining measures.

Euthanasia and assisted suicide are a defeat for all. We are called never to abandon those who are suffering, never giving up but caring and loving to restore hope. — Pope Francis (@Pontifex) June 5, 2019

Also Read: Essay on Cleanliness

Is Euthanasia Bad?

Euthanasia is a subjective term and its perspectives vary from person to person. Different cultures, countries and religions have their own set of values and beliefs. Life is sacred and gifted to us by god or nature. Therefore, intentionally causing death goes against moral and religious beliefs. 

However, some people have raised concerns about the potential for a slippery slope, where the acceptance of euthanasia could lead to the devaluation of human life, involuntary euthanasia, or abuse of the practice. Some even argue that euthanasia conflicts with their traditional medical ethics of preserving life and prioritizing the well-being of the patient.

Today, countries like the Netherlands and Belgium have legalised euthanasia. In India, the USA and the UK, it is a punishable offence with varying sentences and fines. Euthanasia is a complex and controversial topic and creating a law against or for it requires a comprehensive study by experts and the opinions of all sections of society. 

Ans: Euthanasia refers to the act of killing a person without any emotions or mercy. Euthanasia is an ethnically complex and controversial topic, with different perspectives and legal regulations on different topics.

Ans: The term ‘Euthanasia’ was first coined by Sir Francis Bacon, who referred to an easy and painless death, without necessarily implying intentional or assisted actions. In recent years, different countries have come up with different approaches, and legal regulations against euthanasia have been put forward.  In 2016, the government of India drafted a bill, where euthanasia was categorised as a punishable offence. According to Sections 309 and 306 of the Indian Penal Code, any attempt to commit suicide and abetment of suicide is a punishable offence. However, if a person is brain dead, only then he or she can be taken off life support only with the help of family members.

Ans: Belgium and the Netherlands have legalised euthanasia. However, it is banned in India.

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With an experience of over a year, I've developed a passion for writing blogs on wide range of topics. I am mostly inspired from topics related to social and environmental fields, where you come up with a positive outcome.

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128 Euthanasia Research Topics & Essay Examples

📝 euthanasia research papers examples, 🏆 best euthanasia essay titles, 🎓 simple research topics about euthanasia, ❓ euthanasia research questions, 📣 euthanasia discussion questions.

• Physician Assisted Suicide The issues of the practice of Physician Assisted Suicide are contentious for most people. This paper is an argument against the use of PAS as a tool of ending human suffering.
• Medical Ethics: End of Life Issue - the Right to Die The paper elaborates on different types of euthanasia. At the same time, the paper reveals the differences between them. The paper further tackles the ethical issues raised by each type.
• Death with Dignity Act: Physician-Assisted Suicide The paper enumerates the fundamental aspects regarding the Death with Dignity Act (DDA) as well as the Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS).
• Death with Dignity Act in Oregon The Death with Dignity Act (DDA) sets up the procedures and safeguards related to the application and administering of the prescription medications.
• Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide There are critical ethical, legal, religious, and political concerns that bedevil the controversial practice of euthanasia/PAS.
• Assisted Suicide: Ethical Dilemma and Stakeholders in Euthanasia This paper examines the assisted suicide ethical dilemma and euthanasia stakeholders ✚ safeguards for euthanasia in ⚖️ the Death with Dignity law in Oregon.
• Euthanasia Debates, Death and Dying The issue of voluntary euthanasia elicits heated debates. The contention is usually based on religious views concerning whether individuals can decide the fate of life.
• Utilitarianism and Euthanasia: Ethical View on Assisted Suicide Want to learn about utilitarianism and euthanasia? ✅ Read our essay example to discover the utilitarianism view on euthanasia ✚ Bentham utilitarian calculus.
• Euthanasia in Non-Terminally Ill Patients This paper reviews history and social context of euthanasia in non-terminally ill patients, its moral relevance, and arguments surrounding this evidence-based medical practice.
• Physician-Assisted Suicide as Liberation from Suffering Physician-Assisted Suicide, the death of a patient as a result of being aided to undertake a life-ending act by a physician, is a contentious issue of importance in society.
• Medical and Religious Ethics in Death and Dying The paper is devoted to the investigation of a particular ethical dilemma presented in a patient’s case study and religious perspectives on it.
• Why Euthanasia Should Be Legalized and Regulated The essay discusses the reasons why euthanasia should be legalized all over the world but most importantly it should also be a carefully regulated aspect.
• Feeding Tubes: Techniques, Problems and Solutions The problem of maintaining the life of severely ill patients has been a highly controversial topic for a long time. Many clinicians emphasize the drawbacks of inserting feeding tubes.
• Assisted Suicide Controversy in Medical Ethics Assisted suicide is one of the most controversial topics in the field of health care. There are valid arguments presented on both sides of the discussion.
• Significance of Euthanasia in Society Euthanasia is an issue that has stirred a lot of controversy in many countries and at international forums as to whether it should be legalized or illegalized.
• Research of the Euthanasia An Euthanasia doen't harm society and even underlines the humane qualities of people, who are able to differentiate right from wrong and offer help to others in their time of need.
• Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide: Interesting Facts The generic definition of euthanasia states that it is an omission or an action that, by intension or itself, causes death alleviating suffering.
• Euthanasia: Ethical Issues in Nursing and the Impact of Technology Wondering about euthanasia ✚ ethical issues in nursing? ✅ Check this paper to learn about euthanasia: ethical dilemma and its relation to technology.
• Voluntary Euthanasia: Arguments for and Against The purpose of this article is to briefly consider the problem of euthanasia from the point of view of supporters and opponents of this practice.
• Nurses Intention and Motivation to Practice Euthanasia The research aims at investigating the determinants of nurses "intentions and motivations to practice euthanasia".
• Euthanasia. Effectiveness or Necessity Euthanasia remains the controversial topic as far as there is no direct answer concerning its effectiveness or necessity.
• Euthanasia: Discussion and Ethical Position Euthanasia still remains a controversial topic because of the patient’s inalienable right to life, and the ethical responsibilities of the healthcare worker.
• Case Study: An Ethics of Euthanasia Euthanasia is illegal in most of the world countries for a good reason. Statistics show, that developments in countries with legalized euthanasia are quite disturbing.
• Euthanasia-Related Ethical and Legal Issues The ethical issues associated with euthanasia are related to the dilemma of whether it is appropriate and up to a human being to decide to end a life of a person who suffers.
• Legal, Ethical and Moral Issues Facing Nurses in Cases of Patient-Requested Suicide Suicide, whether assisted or unassisted, is a common issue affecting practitioners in nursing, clinical and biomedical fields. Legal, moral, and ethical decision is required.
• Professional Values, Ethics, and Law Small mistakes by healthcare practitioners may lead to loss of life. In addition, errors in their activities may lead to the development of life-threatening conditions.
• Euthanasia Should Be Illegal Because of Its Harm The goal of healthcare providers is to help patients improve their well-being and promote health, and euthanasia distorts these values.
• Pros and Cons of Physically-Assisted Suicide The paper discusses that even though physician-assisted suicide contradicts ethics, the evidence shows the prevalence of towards the practice among terminally ill patients.
• Euthanasia & Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS) This paper discusses euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide, whether it is ethical, and analyzes alternatives to PAS – hospice and palliative care.
• Physician-Assisted Suicide is a Basic Right Physician-assisted suicide has been a subject of numerous debates for as long as it has been available. PAS is legal in Colorado and some other states in the US.
• Euthanasia & Physician Assisted Suicide The medical definition of euthanasia states that it is the practice or method of performing specific actions by a doctor at a patient's request.
• Euthanasia and Arguments in Favor Despite the advantages of practicing assisted suicide in critical situations, some countries or people are against it, terming it unethical conduct which violates human rights.
• The Problem of Euthanasia The problem of euthanasia lies at the intersection of a huge complex of disciplines and the full discussion of it requires the participation of specialists.
• Ethical Considerations in End-of-Life Care: Euthanasia & Physician-Assisted Suicide The problem of euthanasia goes beyond the scope of purely medical issues since it confronts moral, socio-economic, philosophical, legal, and political aspects.
• The Problems With Medical Research and Euthanasia
• Active and Passive Euthanasia Is Not a Morally Relevant Problem
• Analysing Biopower and Agency Linked to Euthanasia Philosophy
• Top Ten Reasons for Legalizing Euthanasia
• Legalizing Euthanasia for Terminally Ill Patients Is Necessary
• Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia – It Is Not Murder, It Is Mercy
• Circumstances That Justify the Use of Physician-assisted Suicide and Euthanasia
• Arguments for Legalizing Euthanasia
• Philosophy & Arguments Against Euthanasia
• The Argument for the Legalization of Euthanasia in British Columbia
• Critical Thinkings About Euthanasia as an Ethical Alternative to a Life of Suffering
• Vincent Humbert and Euthanasia in France
• Dying With Better Dignity: From Euthanasia To Advanced Dying Culture
• Hinduism and Buddhist Perspective of Suicide and Euthanasia
• Australian Governments’ and Catholic Church’s Attitudes on the Practice of Euthanasia
• Utilitarian and Libertarian Views on Euthanasia
• Death With Dignity Act: Ethical Dilemma Regarding Euthanasia
• The Nazi Euthanasia Programme Based on Racial Purity Theories
• Arguments Against Legalized Euthanasia
• About Should Euthanasia Be Permitted in Cases of Terminally Ill Patients
• Euthanasia and the Current Legal Position of Euthanasia
• Euthanasia and the Hippocratic Oath
• Nonvoluntary Euthanasia Means Causing Death in Violation of the Patient’s Consent
• Facts About Euthanasia and the Oregon Death With Dignity Act
• Customize Your Death: Why Some Forms of Euthanasia May Be Ethically Justified
• United States Legal System and Euthanasia Cases
• Demystifying Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia
• Euthanasia and the Case of Comatose Elderly Patients
• Critically Consider the Ethical and Legal Arguments for and Against Euthanasia
• America Needs Voluntary Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide
• Euthanasia: Comparing Kantian and Utilitarian Ideas
• Ethical Issues Surrounding the Choice of Euthanasia in the United States
• Euthanasia, Physician-assisted Suicide, and Our Aged and Frail Population
• Understanding Euthanasia and the Controversy Surrounding It in the US
• Can Hegelian Dialectics Justify Euthanasia?
• Why Should Active Euthanasia and Physician-assisted Suicide Be Legalized?
• What Is the Attitude Towards Euthanasia in the Netherlands?
• Why Are Euthanasia and Abortion So Often Compared?
• Should a Physician Discourage Voluntary Euthanasia?
• How Active Euthanasia Works?
• Are Physician-assisted Suicide and Euthanasia Ethical?
• How Has Euthanasia Changed in the 21st Century?
• What Are the Main Objections to the Legalization of Euthanasia in Hong Kong?
• How Does Brian Clark Use Theatre to Dramatise the Euthanasia Debate?
• What Are the Bioethical Problems of Euthanasia in Modern Conditions?
• What’s Wrong With Involuntary Euthanasia?
• Why Does Euthanasia Open the Door for Legalized Killing?
• Euthanasia: When the Pain of Dying Exceeds the Pleasure of Living?
• What Does Euthanasia Mean to Society Today?
• In Which Countries Is Euthanasia Legalized?
• How May the Religious Faith Inform the Issue Over Euthanasia?
• Does Euthanasia Answer the Prayers of the Dying?
• How Does Parenting Make Euthanasia More Acceptable?
• Euthanasia: Why Do People Want To Die Earlier?
• Euthanasia: Should Doctors Intervene at the End of Life?
• Why Euthanasia Devalues Human Life?
• What Is the History of the Emergence of Euthanasia?
• What Are the Three Main Reasons Why Euthanasia Should Be Legalized?
• Voluntary Euthanasia: What’s Right and Wrong?
• What Medications Are Used in Euthanasia?
• What Are the Main Drugs That Are Used for Euthanasia?
• Is Euthanasia a Humane and Dignified Solution?
• Can Euthanasia Help the Terminally Ill?
• What Is the Law in Oregon Regarding Euthanasia?
• What Are the Key Ethical Considerations Surrounding Euthanasia?
• Is Euthanasia Morally Justified for Animals?
• Why Is the Role of Doctors in Euthanasia a Controversial Issue?
• What Is the Double Effect of Euthanasia?
• How Do Different Countries Approach the Involvement of Doctors in Euthanasia?
• What Is the Most Humane Form of Euthanasia?
• How Does the Physician-Patient Relationship Influence Euthanasia Decisions?
• What Does Euthanasia Do to the Brain?
• How Do End-of-Life Care and Euthanasia Differ in the Medical Community?
• What Is the Difference Between Voluntary and Passive Euthanasia?
• How Do Cultural and Religious Beliefs Influence Doctors’ Views on Euthanasia?
• What Is the Moral Philosophy of Euthanasia?
• Why Is It Important for Doctors to Maintain Open Communication with Patients About Euthanasia?
• What Ethical Principles Underlie the Practice of Euthanasia?
• Is Euthanasia Sometimes Morally Permissible?
• How Can Medical Ethics and Guidelines Evolve to Address the Challenges of Euthanasia?
• Should Passive Euthanasia Be Allowed?
• How Does Euthanasia Affect the Moral and Ethical Compass of Medical Professionals?
• What Are the Most Common Reasons Patients Seek Euthanasia?
• Is Euthanasia a Serious Option to Escape Pain or Misery?
• What Is the Gunshot Method of Euthanasia?
• Why Is Euthanasia Often Considered a Last Resort in Medical Care?
• Is Human Euthanasia Legal in Any US State?
• How Do Different Cultures and Societies View the Practice of Euthanasia?
• What Legal Frameworks Exist for Euthanasia Around the World?
• Why Are Christians Against Euthanasia?
• How Has Euthanasia Shaped Public Opinion and Attitudes Toward Death?
• Should People with Mental Illnesses Have the Right to Euthanasia?
• How Can Euthanasia Laws Be Safeguarded Against Abuse and Misuse?
• Why Is Psychological Evaluation Essential in Euthanasia Decision-Making?

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Essay Samples on Euthanasia

Abortion and euthanasia: ethical and moral dilemmas.

Introduction The ethical debates surrounding abortion and euthanasia are among the most contentious and complex issues in contemporary society. Both topics touch on deeply personal and profound matters related to life, death, autonomy, and the value of human existence. This essay delves into the ethical...

• Ethical Dilemma

Against Euthanasia: An Argumentative Examination of Ethical and Practical Concerns

The debate over euthanasia, the act of intentionally ending a person's life to relieve suffering, has sparked intense discussions worldwide. While proponents argue for the right to die with dignity and avoid prolonged suffering, opponents raise ethical and practical concerns that warrant careful consideration. In...

• Assisted Suicide

Why Is Euthanasia Good: My Arguments for Euthanasia

Imagine a 13-year-old girl in a hospital bed, tubes surrounding her body, a monitor beeping, counting every second of her life left, a doctor coming in every 30 minutes looking at the monitor and writing something down. Her cancer is growing every day and her...

• Right to Die

Why I Am Pro Euthanasia: the Rebuttal of the Arguments Against

In Merriam-Webster dictionary, euthanasia is defined as “the act or practice of killing or permitting the death of hopelessly sick or injured individuals (such as persons or domestic animals) in a relatively painless way for reasons of mercy.” I am personally for the process of...

Why Euthanasia Should Not Be Legal for People Under the Age of 25

Why euthanasia should not be legal? In this essay I will present the points why I believe that euthanasia should not be legalized for people under the age of 25. According to the Oxford Dictionary Euthanasia is described as, “the painless killing of a patient...

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The Pros of Euthanasia: Why Euthanasia Should be Legalized

Introduction Should people have to experience the pain while they're dying, or should they be able to prevent the pain? Euthanasia is a way for people to avoid experiencing extreme physical and mental pain. With euthanasia people will be able to have a tranquil death...

Should Euthanasia Be Legalized: Delving Deep Into the Debate

Introduction Is life worth fighting for? For some patients who are terminally ill, life could be something that’s killing them the most other than their illness. Fighting for their lives whilst depending on their fate with the help of medical appliances. Imagine holding the hands...

Euthanasia and the Catholic Church in Australia

An ethical issue is a problem or dilemma that involves a person having to decide whether or not it is morally right or wrong. Euthanasia is a clear example of an ethical issue currently present in Australia. Euthanasia is a process whereby a person who...

• Catholic Church

Analysis of the Arguments for Euthanasia and Against It

The euthanasia debate In contemporary society, the controversial debate of whether an individual should be allowed to control the timing of their deaths in a way that is peaceful and medically assisted is being debated. This practise is referred to as euthanasia, and is made...

The Dilemma Over the Issue of Euthanasia for Pets

Introduction At an open-admission shelter, a healthy dog is surrendered because its owners found that they could not deal with its behavior. The shelter is already a small bit above the capacity it has, so it sends some of its less adoptable animals into a...

Abortion and Euthanasia: Exploring the Ethical Dilemmas

I. Abstract: Most of people see that human life is priceless and with great importance. Based on that, many constraints and laws prevent people from ending their lives or making decisions about ending another person’s life. There are many perspectives and arguments regarding having the...

Why Should Physician Assisted Death Be Legal

Physician-assisted suicide is a area of much controversy and discussion. Whether you are for or against this procedure, you have heard of it in one form or another. In my paper I would like to bring to life many aspects of this growing practice. In...

Why Should Euthanasia Be Illegal

Do you wish to die in peace or live while suffering? Or perhaps you may hope that there is an alternative for you to live longer and not suffer as much. If that is the case, the legalisation of euthanasia may affect and influence the...

Why Should Euthanasia Be Legal

Do you think ill people with a disease should have the opportunity to die, in peace and without pain? Or laws regulating it, would be abused, making that people died, without wanting it to? Is it better to have a higher percentage of assisted suicide...

Nonmaleficence Vs Beneficence: Ethical Principles On Physician Assisted Death

As the “baby boomer” Americans start reaching retirement age, the older adult hospital population is rising, and it is important for people with chronic diseases to have advanced directives for end-of-life care. In fact, only about 26.3% of U.S. adults have an advanced directive for...

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• Palliative Care

The Morality of Physician Assisted Suicide in Belgium

The assignment reflects in fact that although there is no such thing like death penalty in Belgium but there is a rule allowing physician assisted suicide. So, current assignment focusses on the issue whether it is ethical to give a person such a assisted suicide...

• Utilitarianism

The Ethics of Animal Euthanasia and Possible Alternatives

Each year, around 1.5 million shelter animals are euthanized to make room for new strays, to whom the same process would undergo the following year (qtd. in ASPCA). Even more are “put down” due to age, health, and personal reasons. Regardless of the purpose behind...

Stance of Christians and Muslims on Euthanasia

Euthanasia has been a topic of intense discussion for the entirety of the existence of religion. This has led to many battles of morals vs religion which find itself being the breaking point of making the correct decision and the theologically correct one. The medical...

Distinction of Different Types of Euthanasia

Abstract Euthanasia is a debatable topic that creates moral questions, concerns, and brings about different point of views. It has been a significant issue in human rights discussion as it also affects ethical and legal issues concerning to patients and health care providers. This paper...

Discourse Around Legalization of Euthanisia in India

Introduction This Earth consists of living things such as animals, birds, insects, human beings, plants, etc. & nonliving things such as table, chair, pen, pencil, etc. In this world every living being is depended on each other through food chain and various other means in...

Moral Ethics of Physician Assissted Suicide

Introduction Physician assisted suicide is the most common form of euthanasia. In cases of euthanasia, the physician provides the method of death, usually through a lethal drug. In physician assisted suicide, it is required that a person of full mental capacity willingly expresses the wish...

Legalization of Physician Assisted Suicide in US

Significantly, physician assisted suicide is not allowed in all states. Physician assisted suicide is when a doctor provides a patient with the means and knowledge to end their own life. In the end, the patient is the one that is committing suicide. Only ten states...

Christian vs. Shinto Perspectives on Illness and Voluntary Euthanasia

Abstract This paper focuses on a comparative analysis of two religions namely Christianity and Shintoism while dealing with illnesses and voluntary euthanasia and the ethical considerations involved. Based and founded on different religious beliefs and perspectives, the two religions hold different understanding about life, end...

• Perspective

Ethics of Bribery and Kickbacks

The case study is about Mr. Latimer and the actions he did in the name of ending the pain and torture that Tracy, his twelve-year daughter, was going through. Tracy suffered from Cerebral Palsy; it was due to this that Tracy was quadriplegic. She was...

Best topics on Euthanasia

1. Abortion and Euthanasia: Ethical and Moral Dilemmas

2. Against Euthanasia: An Argumentative Examination of Ethical and Practical Concerns

3. Why Is Euthanasia Good: My Arguments for Euthanasia

4. Why I Am Pro Euthanasia: the Rebuttal of the Arguments Against

5. Why Euthanasia Should Not Be Legal for People Under the Age of 25

6. The Pros of Euthanasia: Why Euthanasia Should be Legalized

7. Should Euthanasia Be Legalized: Delving Deep Into the Debate

8. Euthanasia and the Catholic Church in Australia

9. Analysis of the Arguments for Euthanasia and Against It

10. The Dilemma Over the Issue of Euthanasia for Pets

11. Abortion and Euthanasia: Exploring the Ethical Dilemmas

12. Why Should Physician Assisted Death Be Legal

13. Why Should Euthanasia Be Illegal

14. Why Should Euthanasia Be Legal

15. Nonmaleficence Vs Beneficence: Ethical Principles On Physician Assisted Death

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Euthanasia: Right to life vs right to die

Suresh bada math.

Department of Psychiatry National Institute of Mental Health & Neuro Sciences (Deemed University) Bangalore 560 029, India

Santosh K. Chaturvedi

The word euthanasia, originated in Greece means a good death 1 . Euthanasia encompasses various dimensions, from active (introducing something to cause death) to passive (withholding treatment or supportive measures); voluntary (consent) to involuntary (consent from guardian) and physician assisted (where physician's prescribe the medicine and patient or the third party administers the medication to cause death) 2 , 3 . Request for premature ending of life has contributed to the debate about the role of such practices in contemporary health care. This debate cuts across complex and dynamic aspects such as, legal, ethical, human rights, health, religious, economic, spiritual, social and cultural aspects of the civilised society. Here we argue this complex issue from both the supporters and opponents’ perspectives, and also attempts to present the plight of the sufferers and their caregivers. The objective is to discuss the subject of euthanasia from the medical and human rights perspective given the background of the recent Supreme Court judgement 3 in this context.

In India abetment of suicide and attempt to suicide are both criminal offences. In 1994, constitutional validity of Indian Penal Code Section (IPC Sec) 309 was challenged in the Supreme Court 4 . The Supreme Court declared that IPC Sec 309 is unconstitutional, under Article 21 (Right to Life) of the constitution in a landmark judgement 4 . In 1996, an interesting case of abetment of commission of suicide (IPC Sec 306) came to Supreme Court 5 . The accused were convicted in the trial court and later the conviction was upheld by the High Court. They appealed to the Supreme Court and contended that ‘right to die’ be included in Article 21 of the Constitution and any person abetting the commission of suicide by anyone is merely assisting in the enforcement of the fundamental right under Article 21; hence their punishment is violation of Article 21. This made the Supreme Court to rethink and to reconsider the decision of right to die. Immediately the matter was referred to a Constitution Bench of the Indian Supreme Court. The Court held that the right to life under Article 21 of the Constitution does not include the right to die 5 .

Regarding suicide, the Supreme Court reconsidered its decision on suicide. Abetment of suicide (IPC Sec 306) and attempt to suicide (IPC Sec 309) are two distinct offences, hence Section 306 can survive independent of Section 309. It has also clearly stated that a person attempts suicide in a depression, and hence he needs help, rather than punishment. Therefore, the Supreme Court has recommended to Parliament to consider the feasibility of deleting Section 309 from the Indian Penal Code 3 .

Arguments against euthanasia

Eliminating the invalid : Euthanasia opposers argue that if we embrace ‘the right to death with dignity’, people with incurable and debilitating illnesses will be disposed from our civilised society. The practice of palliative care counters this view, as palliative care would provide relief from distressing symptoms and pain, and support to the patient as well as the care giver. Palliative care is an active, compassionate and creative care for the dying 6 .

Constitution of India : ‘Right to life’ is a natural right embodied in Article 21 but suicide is an unnatural termination or extinction of life and, therefore, incompatible and inconsistent with the concept of ‘right to life’. It is the duty of the State to protect life and the physician's duty to provide care and not to harm patients. If euthanasia is legalised, then there is a grave apprehension that the State may refuse to invest in health (working towards Right to life). Legalised euthanasia has led to a severe decline in the quality of care for terminally-ill patients in Holland 7 . Hence, in a welfare state there should not be any role of euthanasia in any form.

Symptom of mental illness : Attempts to suicide or completed suicide are commonly seen in patients suffering from depression 8 , schizophrenia 9 and substance users 10 . It is also documented in patients suffering from obsessive compulsive disorder 11 . Hence, it is essential to assess the mental status of the individual seeking for euthanasia. In classical teaching, attempt to suicide is a psychiatric emergency and it is considered as a desperate call for help or assistance. Several guidelines have been formulated for management of suicidal patients in psychiatry 12 . Hence, attempted suicide is considered as a sign of mental illness 13 .

Malafide intention : In the era of declining morality and justice, there is a possibility of misusing euthanasia by family members or relatives for inheriting the property of the patient. The Supreme Court has also raised this issue in the recent judgement 3 . ‘Mercy killing’ should not lead to ‘killing mercy’ in the hands of the noble medical professionals. Hence, to keep control over the medical professionals, the Indian Medical Council (Professional Conduct, Etiquette and Ethics) Regulations, 2002 discusses euthanasia briefly in Chapter 6, Section 6.7 and it is in accordance with the provisions of the Transplantation of Human Organ Act, 1994 14 . There is an urgent need to protect patients and also medical practitioners caring the terminally ill patients from unnecessary lawsuit. Law commission had submitted a report (no-196) to the government on this issue 15 .

Emphasis on care : Earlier majority of them died before they reached the hospital but now it is converse. Now sciences had advanced to the extent, life can be prolonged but not to that extent of bringing back the dead one. This phenomenon has raised a complex situation. Earlier diseases outcome was discussed in terms of ‘CURE’ but in the contemporary world of diseases such as cancer, Aids, diabetes, hypertension and mental illness are debated in terms best ‘CARE’, since cure is distant. The principle is to add life to years rather than years to life with a good quality palliative care. The intention is to provide care when cure is not possible by low cost methods. The expectation of society is, ‘cure’ from the health professionals, but the role of medical professionals is to provide ‘care’. Hence, euthanasia for no cure illness does not have a logical argument. Whenever, there is no cure, the society and medical professionals become frustrated and the fellow citizen take extreme measures such as suicide, euthanasia or substance use. In such situations, palliative and rehabilitative care comes to the rescue of the patient and the family. At times, doctors do suggest to the family members to have the patient discharged from the hospital wait for death to come, if the family or patient so desires. Various reasons are quoted for such decisions, such as poverty, non-availability of bed, futile intervention, resources can be utilised for other patients where cure is possible and unfortunately majority of our patient's family do accordingly. Many of the terminally ill patients prefer to die at home, with or without any proper terminal health care. The societal perception needs to be altered and also the medical professionals need to focus on care rather in addition to just cure. The motive for many euthanasia requests is unawareness of alternatives. Patients hear from their doctors that ‘nothing can be done anymore’. However, when patients hear that a lot can be done through palliative care, that the symptoms can be controlled, now and in the future, many do not want euthanasia anymore 16 .

Commercialisation of health care : Passive euthanasia occurs in majority of the hospitals across the county, where poor patients and their family members refuse or withdraw treatment because of the huge cost involved in keeping them alive. If euthanasia is legalised, then commercial health sector will serve death sentence to many disabled and elderly citizens of India for meagre amount of money. This has been highlighted in the Supreme Court Judgement 3 , 17 .

Research has revealed that many terminally ill patients requesting euthanasia, have major depression, and that the desire for death in terminal patients is correlated with the depression 18 . In Indian setting also, strong desire for death was reported by 3 of the 191 advanced cancer patients, and these had severe depression 19 . They need palliative and rehabilitative care. They want to be looked after by enthusiastic, compassionate and humanistic team of health professionals and the complete expenses need to be borne by the State so that ‘Right to life’ becomes a reality and succeeds before ‘Right to death with dignity’. Palliative care actually provides death with dignity and a death considered good by the patient and the care givers.

Counterargument of euthanasia supporters

Caregivers burden : ‘Right-to-die’ supporters argue that people who have an incurable, degenerative, disabling or debilitating condition should be allowed to die in dignity. This argument is further defended for those, who have chronic debilitating illness even though it is not terminal such as severe mental illness. Majority of such petitions are filed by the sufferers or family members or their caretakers. The caregiver's burden is huge and cuts across various domains such as financial, emotional, time, physical, mental and social. Hence, it is uncommon to hear requests from the family members of the person with psychiatric illness to give some poison either to patient or else to them. Coupled with the States inefficiency, apathy and no investment on health is mockery of the ‘Right to life’.

Refusing care : Right to refuse medical treatment is well recognised in law, including medical treatment that sustains or prolongs life. For example, a patient suffering from blood cancer can refuse treatment or deny feeds through nasogastric tube. Recognition of right to refuse treatment gives a way for passive euthanasia. Many do argue that allowing medical termination of pregnancy before 16 wk is also a form of active involuntary euthanasia. This issue of mercy killing of deformed babies has already been in discussion in Holland 20 .

Right to die : Many patients in a persistent vegetative state or else in chronic illness, do not want to be a burden on their family members. Euthanasia can be considered as a way to upheld the ‘Right to life’ by honouring ‘Right to die’ with dignity.

Encouraging the organ transplantation : Euthanasia in terminally ill patients provides an opportunity to advocate for organ donation. This in turn will help many patients with organ failure waiting for transplantation. Not only euthanasia gives ‘Right to die’ for the terminally ill, but also ‘Right to life’ for the organ needy patients.

Constitution of India reads ‘right to life’ is in positive direction of protecting life. Hence, there is an urgent need to fulfil this obligation of ‘Right to life’ by providing ‘food, safe drinking water and health care’. On the contrary, the state does not own the responsibility of promoting, protecting and fulfilling the socio-economic rights such as right to food, right to water, right to education and right to health care, which are basic essential ingredients of right to life. Till date, most of the States has not done anything to support the terminally ill people by providing for hospice care.

If the State takes the responsibility of providing reasonable degree of health care, then majority of the euthanasia supporters will definitely reconsider their argument. We do endorse the Supreme Court Judgement that our contemporary society and public health system is not matured enough to handle this sensitive issue, hence it needs to be withheld. However, this issue needs to be re-examined again after few years depending upon the evolution of the society with regard to providing health care to the disabled and public health sector with regard to providing health care to poor people.

The Supreme Court judgement to withhold decision on this sensitive issue is a first step towards a new era of health care in terminally ill patients. The Judgment laid down is to preserve harmony within a society, when faced with a complex medical, social and legal dilemma. There is a need to enact a legislation to protect terminally ill patients and also medical practitioners caring for them as per the recommendation of Law Commission Report-196 15 . There is also an urgent need to invest in our health care system, so that poor people suffering from ill health can access free health care. Investment in health care is not a charity; ‘Right to Health’ is bestowed under ‘Right to Life’ of our constitution.

The Ethical and Legal Implications of Euthanasia

Generally, the topic of euthanasia has resulted in hot debates among all stakeholders, including healthcare professionals and legal experts, due to the ethical and legal issues associated with the topic. It affects both patients and their healthcare providers. Over the years, the debate on euthanasia has focused on suffering patients with terminal illnesses. However, the topic has extended to include even patients with mental illnesses like depression. Therefore, it is appropriate to look at the controversy surrounding euthanasia in a recent case study. Euthanasia is a controversial topic that requires further inquiry to fully understand different opinions offered by the opposing sides and the ethical implications associated with it.

Recent Case Study

The case published in the Catholic Herald involves a 29-year-old woman who underwent euthanasia following a series of mental illnesses. According to the author, despite being physically fit, the woman was given a lethal injection, having been granted her wish to die by the court after eight years of legal battles. In her argument, the woman claimed she had experienced extreme bouts of depression that had made her life intolerable. The case raised concerns among various stakeholders, including politicians who lamented how dangerous euthanasia could be.

Ethical Issues Involved in the Case Study

Generally, the case study raises various ethical dilemmas related to euthanasia, including when it is justifiable to end one’s life. In addition, the topic also opens up a whole discussion on the limitations of patients’ autonomy and the ethical responsibilities of healthcare professionals, as highlighted in the bioethical principles of beneficence and maleficence. Concerning autonomy, questions are raised regarding the patient’s capability to understand the decision that she was making. With superior knowledge and training, the physician is best positioned to help make an ethical decision that is in the patient’s best interest to protect patients from irresponsible choices. For patients to make an autonomous decision, they should be mentally capable of comprehending the information of the decision. In the case study, the patient has a mental health condition. Hence, her ability to make rational decisions is in question.

The Context of Euthanasia

The case study highlights euthanasia, particularly among patients with mental conditions such as depression. Historically, numerous attempts have been made to legalize euthanasia, but minimal success has occurred. The euthanasia discussion in psychiatry was awakened after the Nazi Holocaust when thousands of psychiatric patients were gassed or poisoned to death under the ‘euthanasia program’. According to Felder, the Nazi euthanasia program was used by scientists, mainly physicians, to conduct medical experiments. It is out of the scientific experiments of the Nazi physicians that ‘The Nuremberg Code’ was established to guide future experiments on human subjects.

Additionally, politicians have had their hand in the matter by sponsoring bills to legalize the act, with some opposing such attempts and publicly making their views known. From a social perspective, euthanasia has continued to be controversial, with many societies coming up to air their opinion. In the traditional Christian context and culture, euthanasia is viewed as morally unacceptable due to human life’s sacred nature. However, other social groups support euthanasia with the thought of extending dignity to death, such as the Voluntary Euthanasia Society. As such, there is no single available societal perspective regarding the issue of euthanasia. Hence, it is important to society as it touches on the critical matters of life and death.

The Differing Perspectives on Euthanasia

The individuals and societies in support of euthanasia have always centered their opinion on patient suffering. They argue that patients in the terminal stages of illness experience excruciating pain and have poor wound healing, poor social interactions, and many other aspects of physical suffering. According to the proponents, euthanasia is a more merciful response to relieve this suffering, especially where the quality of life is jeopardized. Among the patients with mental illnesses, the proponents argue that some mental conditions, including severe depression, induce intense suffering and are unresponsive to treatment. Additionally, the proponents note that since the patients request most cases of euthanasia, it is a way for physicians to show respect for personal autonomy. Thus, to the proponents, euthanasia relieves undue suffering and is in harmony with respect for autonomy and the individual’s right to a dignified death.

Contrary to the proponents’ arguments, the opponents base their argument on the intrinsic wrongness of killing, professional integrity, and the possibility of potential abuse. According to Naga and Mrayyan, willingly ending one’s life is inconsistent with human rights, and alternatives should be sought to relieve the patient’s suffering and improve their quality of life. Furthermore, Naga and Mrayyan note that administering lethal substances by physicians to end life is unethical according to guiding medical ethical practices, especially the Hippocratic Oath that restricts physicians from administering such substances to their patients or aiding their patients to die. They also note that legalizing euthanasia could lead to its potential abuse and a slippery slope where individuals will use it to escape chronic but manageable medical conditions.

Evaluation of the Arguments and Their Ethical Implications

The arguments presented by both the proponents and the opponents seem to be entirely influenced by one’s culture, moral philosophy, and personal experiences. Those opposed to euthanasia seem to be influenced by their religious cultures. Specifically, Christian teachings view life as sacred and state it should not be terminated prematurely at any cost. On the other hand, the proponents seem to subscribe to the Stoic philosophy that has always defended suicide as a reasonable departure from life, especially when intense suffering is involved. Anecdotal evidence also suggests that personal life experiences with suffering may make one choose to end one’s life. For example, seeing a cancer patient suffer may make individuals consider euthanasia if diagnosed with a similar terminal disease, as they will not want to experience the same ordeal.

While both the proponents and those opposed to euthanasia have valid arguments, myriads of ethical issues surround each side’s perspective. It is indeed true that certain illnesses, including mental conditions, lead to severe suffering and reduced quality of life. However, ethical issues arise regarding the ability of the patients requesting euthanasia to make autonomous decisions. For example, Appelbaum notes that it is common for depressed patients to reject treatment and even request death, yet change their decision once the depression is resolved. Accordingly, this raises the ethical question concerning the impact of the mental illness itself on the patient’s decision-making. It has also been observed that most patients are only resistant to one form of treatment and that other options should be tried to relieve their suffering.

Furthermore, it is noted that the right to autonomy is not always absolute and that physicians have the legal and ethical responsibility to override the patient’s decisions and continue pursuing alternative treatment in response to the patient’s symptoms and request a dignified death. Thus, the argument regarding patients’ autonomy to end their lives is weak. On the other hand, the opponents’ unethical medical practice mainly touches on physicians’ ethical responsibilities to act in good faith and protect their patients from harm. In line with non-maleficence and beneficence principles, physicians cannot administer lethal dosages to their patients as it causes more harm than good. Additionally, the claim of potential abuse if euthanasia is legalized, holds grounds owing to several reported cases, including ones with mental illnesses, where euthanasia has been performed without following due process in countries where it is legalized. Thus, the ethical questions raised by those opposed to euthanasia regarding non-maleficence, benevolence, and potential abuse are strongly supported by evidence.

Personal Perspective on Euthanasia

The issue of euthanasia among depressed patients will continue to dominate medical discussions. Subjectively, the opponents of euthanasia seem to offer a strong argument. Notably, depression can be treated just like other mental conditions, and symptoms can be controlled where treatment is impossible. Patient autonomy among psychiatric patients is in question. Mental illnesses tend to affect one’s way of thinking, and suicidal ideations are common phenomena among depressed patients. I have dealt with patients who have changed their stance on ‘mercy killing’ after a series of professional counseling sessions and continued treatment. Thinking about these experiences concerning my patients and the ethical dilemmas related to euthanasia makes me view it as an undesirable event in medical practice that I will not want to engage in.

The topic of euthanasia is controversial based on the numerous arguments aired by those in its support and those who are against it. The case study published in the Catholic Herald offers a good scenario through which the effects of euthanasia can be accessed and its ethical implications reviewed. While the Pro-euthanasia argument is based on the need to relieve undue suffering, respect autonomy, and grant the right to a dignified death, the opponents have emphasized the intrinsic wrongness of killing, professional integrity, and the possibility of a “slippery slope”. Overall, the ethical issues addressed autonomy, beneficence, and non-maleficence. Subjectively, the ethical questions touching upon professional integrity, especially the need to observe non-maleficence and doing good, are strong enough to make me offer my support against euthanasia.

📎 References:

1. Appelbaum, P. S. (2017). Should mental disorders be a basis for physician-assisted death? Law & Psychiatry, 68(4), 315-317. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201700013 2. Beauchamp, T. L. (2016) Principlism in bioethics. In P. Serna & J. A. Seoane (Eds.), Bioethical decision making and argumentation (pp. 1-16). New York, NY: Springer. 3. Caldwell, S. (2018, February 1). Dutch doctors euthanize a 29-year old woman with depression. Catholic Herald. 4. Felder, B. M. (2013). “Euthanasia,” human experiments, and psychiatry in Nazi-occupied Lithuania, 1941-1944. Holocaust and Genocide Studies, 27(2), 242-275. https://doi.org/10.1093/hgs/dct025 5. Kim, S. Y., De Vries, R. G., & Peteet, J. R. (2016). Euthanasia and assisted suicide of patients with psychiatric disorders in the Netherlands 2011 to 2014. JAMA Psychiatry, 73(4), 362-368. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.2887 6. Naga, B. S. B., & Mrayyan, M. T. (2013). Legal and ethical issues of euthanasia: Argumentative essay. Middle East Journal of Nursing, 7(5), 31-39. https://doi.org/10.5742/MEJN.2013.75330 7. Nunes R., & Rego, G. (2016.) Euthanasia: A challenge to medical ethics. Journal of Clinical Research & Bioethics, 7(4), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9627.1000282 8. Tomasini, F. (2014). Stoic defence of physician-assisted suicide. Acta Bioethica, 20(1), 99-108. Retrieved from https://scielo.conicyt.cl/pdf/abioeth/v20n1/art11.pdf

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• The exponential growth of solar power will change the world

An energy-rich future is within reach

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I t is 70 years since AT&T ’s Bell Labs unveiled a new technology for turning sunlight into power. The phone company hoped it could replace the batteries that run equipment in out-of-the-way places. It also realised that powering devices with light alone showed how science could make the future seem wonderful; hence a press event at which sunshine kept a toy Ferris wheel spinning round and round.

Today solar power is long past the toy phase. Panels now occupy an area around half that of Wales, and this year they will provide the world with about 6% of its electricity—which is almost three times as much electrical energy as America consumed back in 1954. Yet this historic growth is only the second-most-remarkable thing about the rise of solar power. The most remarkable is that it is nowhere near over.

To call solar power’s rise exponential is not hyperbole, but a statement of fact. Installed solar capacity doubles roughly every three years, and so grows ten-fold each decade. Such sustained growth is seldom seen in anything that matters. That makes it hard for people to get their heads round what is going on. When it was a tenth of its current size ten years ago, solar power was still seen as marginal even by experts who knew how fast it had grown. The next ten-fold increase will be equivalent to multiplying the world’s entire fleet of nuclear reactors by eight in less than the time it typically takes to build just a single one of them.

Solar cells will in all likelihood be the single biggest source of electrical power on the planet by the mid 2030s. By the 2040s they may be the largest source not just of electricity but of all energy. On current trends, the all-in cost of the electricity they produce promises to be less than half as expensive as the cheapest available today. This will not stop climate change, but could slow it a lot faster. Much of the world—including Africa , where 600m people still cannot light their homes—will begin to feel energy-rich. That feeling will be a new and transformational one for humankind.

To grasp that this is not some environmentalist fever dream, consider solar economics. As the cumulative production of a manufactured good increases, costs go down. As costs go down, demand goes up. As demand goes up, production increases—and costs go down further. This cannot go on for ever; production, demand or both always become constrained. In earlier energy transitions—from wood to coal, coal to oil or oil to gas—the efficiency of extraction grew, but it was eventually offset by the cost of finding ever more fuel.

As our essay this week explains, solar power faces no such constraint. The resources needed to produce solar cells and plant them on solar farms are silicon-rich sand, sunny places and human ingenuity, all three of which are abundant. Making cells also takes energy, but solar power is fast making that abundant, too. As for demand, it is both huge and elastic—if you make electricity cheaper, people will find uses for it. The result is that, in contrast to earlier energy sources, solar power has routinely become cheaper and will continue to do so.

Other constraints do exist. Given people’s proclivity for living outside daylight hours, solar power needs to be complemented with storage and supplemented by other technologies. Heavy industry and aviation and freight have been hard to electrify. Fortunately, these problems may be solved as batteries and fuels created by electrolysis gradually become cheaper.

Another worry is that the vast majority of the world’s solar panels, and almost all the purified silicon from which they are made, come from China. Its solar industry is highly competitive, heavily subsidised and is outstripping current demand—quite an achievement given all the solar capacity China is installing within its own borders. This means that Chinese capacity is big enough to keep the expansion going for years to come, even if some of the companies involved go to the wall and some investment dries up.

In the long run, a world in which more energy is generated without the oil and gas that come from unstable or unfriendly parts of the world will be more dependable. Still, although the Chinese Communist Party cannot rig the price of sunlight as OPEC tries to rig that of oil, the fact that a vital industry resides in a single hostile country is worrying.

It is a concern that America feels keenly, which is why it has put tariffs on Chinese solar equipment. However, because almost all the demand for solar panels still lies in the future, the rest of the world will have plenty of scope to get into the market. America’s adoption of solar energy could be frustrated by a pro-fossil-fuel Trump presidency, but only temporarily and painfully. It could equally be enhanced if America released pent up demand, by making it easier to install panels on homes and to join the grid—the country has a terawatt of new solar capacity waiting to be connected. Carbon prices would help, just as they did in the switch from coal to gas in the European Union.

The aim should be for the virtuous circle of solar-power production to turn as fast as possible. That is because it offers the prize of cheaper energy. The benefits start with a boost to productivity. Anything that people use energy for today will cost less—and that includes pretty much everything. Then come the things cheap energy will make possible. People who could never afford to will start lighting their houses or driving a car. Cheap energy can purify water, and even desalinate it. It can drive the hungry machinery of artificial intelligence. It can make billions of homes and offices more bearable in summers that will, for decades to come, be getting hotter.

But it is the things that nobody has yet thought of that will be most consequential. In its radical abundance, cheaper energy will free the imagination, setting tiny Ferris wheels of the mind spinning with excitement and new possibilities.

This week marks the summer solstice in the northern hemisphere. The Sun rising to its highest point in the sky will in decades to come shine down on a world where nobody need go without the blessings of electricity and where the access to energy invigorates all those it touches. ■

For subscribers only: to see how we design each week’s cover, sign up to our weekly  Cover Story newsletter .

This article appeared in the Leaders section of the print edition under the headline “The solar age”

Leaders June 22nd 2024

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• Emmanuel Macron’s project of reform is at risk
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From the June 22nd 2024 edition

Discover stories from this section and more in the list of contents

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RFK Jr. files papers to run as independent presidential candidate in Illinois

The pool of presidential candidates widened in Illinois on Monday, now including five new names alongside President Joe Biden and former President Donald Trump.

Among them, the Robert F. Kennedy Jr. campaign submitted its nomination papers — containing more than 60,000 signatures according to campaign officials — with the Illinois State Board of Elections Monday afternoon.

If the election board confirms the validity of the papers, Illinois would become the ninth confirmed state that the independent has made it on the ballot.

Kennedy Jr., nephew of President John F. Kennedy and son of Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy, tried to secure the Democratic Party's nominee over Biden. Having lost that bid to the presumptive nominee, he began an independent run in October.

More: Party infighting leads to Illinois GOP chairman stepping down

Seen as an underdog in the election now approaching four months away, RFK supporters Sean Phillips and Kirsten Bonanza of Springfield see the candidate as a needed change of pace from Biden and Trump.

"Most of the way that I create my life is by asking the question, 'What will my life be like in next five years if I make this choice.'... And when I ask that about him (RFK) it's just off the hook," said Bonanza, one of approximately 30 supporters gathering outside the election board's Springfield office. "Bobby Kennedy is a statesman, when the rest are just politicians."

Phillips added that Kennedy Jr.'s ideas for handling the border crisis and tackling the national debt had garnered his support. Still, the Kennedy political family is not getting behind him and instead urging voters to back Biden. Gov. JB Pritzker, a Biden surrogate, previously told CNN that Democrats supporting anyone else but Biden would be "throwing away" their vote.

Kennedy is trying to secure ballot access in all 50 states, but has seen objections filed in four states this month. Both Biden and Trump staved off challenges in Illinois to having their name appear on the November ballot earlier this year.

Who else is running?

Joining Kennedy in submitting papers to run as president was Green Party candidate Jill Stein and two Illinois residents — Christopher Cisco of Piper City and Heather Lynn Stone of Peoria. Not making the cut was independent Cornel West.

Former gubernatorial candidate Scott Schluter submitted papers for the Libertarian ticket. Justin Tucker, the state party's executive director, however confirmed with The State Journal-Register that Schluter is a placeholder for former Georgia Senate candidate Chase Oliver, who is the party's official nominee.

Having a stand-in candidate is necessary, Tucker said, because the party's petition drive started after the Libertarian Party's Presidential Nominating Convention held on Memorial Day weekend. Oliver's name will appear on the ballot, not Schluter's.

Objections to any of the candidates who filed between June 17 and June 24 can be filed now until next Monday. Election day is Tuesday, Nov. 5 with early voting beginning on Sept. 26.

Contact Patrick M. Keck: [email protected], twitter.com/@pkeckreporter.

Euthanasia and Modern Society Argumentative Essay

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Historical Background

Arguments for and against.

Euthanasia is Greek word that when directly translated refers to the “good death”; more specifically euthanasia is a term that is used to describe death conditions that has been undertaken deliberately for purposes of alleviating suffering of an individual usually from a terminal illness for which no recovery is expected.

Hence, for euthanasia to be defined to have occurred three conditions must be met i.e. it should be deliberate, must involve taking life and should be with intention of relieving “intractable” suffering (Rawls, 1971). There are various forms of euthanasia, but which are generally categorized into two types; passive euthanasia and active euthanasia. In this paper I wish to argue that euthanasia is not a moral issue and should be legalized globally since it is justified and should therefore not be regulated.

The debate surrounding the morality and legality of euthanasia is one that has been ongoing since the 17 th century when the word euthanasia was first invented and used in the medical field (Pateman and Rawls, 1987). In modern day society the actual meaning of euthanasia has taken different forms and is usually interpreted differently in medical and legal context.

However it was not until the late 1980s when scholarly articles that advocated and argued against the morality of euthanasia were first published. In her article written in 1987 titled “Euthanasia”, Battin advocated for euthanasia by expounding on the moral virtues of euthanasia and why it should be used in the medical context (Pateman and Rawls, 1987).

The case of euthanasia as advocated by Battin is based on the noble idea behind euthanasia which is basically to alleviate pain. Towards this end Battin asserts that “the relief of pain of a patient is the least disputed and of the highest priority to the physician” in direct reference to sole and major reason of carrying out euthanasia, a fact that is not even contested by the proponents of the euthanasia practice (Pateman and Rawls, 1971).

In the following section of the paper we shall analyze the various ideologies that have been advanced in defense and against the practice of euthanasia. Generally the positions of euthanasia proponents and opponents have to do with morality, religion and legal issues.

For instance, the argument advanced by proponents regarding the need to undertake euthanasia in order to relieve such patients from their physical and emotional pains assumes a moral point of view all other factors being constant. From a religion perspective the debate on euthanasia continues to be a contentious issue because of their different viewpoints. However it is in medical perspective that the practice of euthanasia is most polarized, radical and a never ending issue of contention.

On one hand for example, euthanasia practice radically contradicts the principles of medicine as well as on the very tenets that the practice of medicine was found. Indeed, the fundamental principle of medical practitioner’s demands that they undertake anything possible to save life and ensure it preservation; this is the cardinal oath that doctors must take prior to being allowed to practice.

But on the other hand, and equally important responsibilities of the doctor involves alleviating pain and suffering by bringing about cure, it is when this cure becomes elusive that the idea of euthanasia does not seem so much outrageous or in that case in conflict with the fundamental principles of medicine.

Besides in contemporary society, the practice of medicine has assumed new levels altogether which are very different from the nature of medicine as it was practiced in ancient times, and which these principles of medicine were actually based. In fact, the reasons why the issue of euthanasia has become so polarized has everything to do with advances that has been made in medicine and due to the emerging type of diseases, which are both a product of modern society.

Advance in technology for instance has meant that machines that can sustain life in near death circumstances have been invented. But this technological introduction has only complicated the issue of euthanasia in two major ways; one of which regards the cost and the other has to do with this leap of technology per se.

Regarding cost, it is basically impossible to continuously maintain a person in a life saving machine for several years due to the prohibitive cost alone. Strictly speaking even on a cost benefit analysis such action is not logical unless there are major improvements on the side of the patient.

Another reason why lives saving machines have complicated the issue of euthanasia is because this technological leap has necessitated the redefinition of death, death in the sense of when it should be presumed to occur and for very good reasons.

Indeed, the fact that this life supporting machines have the capability to continue sustaining life in patients that are in vegetative state requires us to redefine when death should be presumed to occur especially given their ability to sustain life even when massive organ failure occurs, usually what would have resulted to death were it not for the ability of this machines.

Due to this eventuality brought about by this technological advent, modern day definition of death has also taken several meanings. The definition of death as it is currently described includes three forms; whole brain death, higher brain death and traditional death which is usually through cardiovascular arrest (Hassan, 2006).

These various definitions of death are for the purpose of providing leeway of undertaking or preventing euthanasia based on the perspective that one get to look at it. For instance when death is defined as having occurred due to higher brain death, then life support machine is not necessary and can be removed since death in this case is not subject to cardiovascular arrest but rather to higher brain activity (Hassan, 2006); I say this is just being hypocritical.

However in traditional terms life support machines cannot be withdrawn from patients since their death is subject to their cardiovascular arrest which is incidentally enabled through the life supporting machines (Hassan, 2006); (this is even more ironical).

Finally the reason why modernity complicates the issue of euthanasia is because of the increase and emerging of new diseases that are increasingly becoming not only terminal but very painful and humiliating as well. Most of these diseases are a product of modernity and are usually the one at the centre of euthanasia debate mainly because they are terminal and painful diseases.

However, the debate on euthanasia is hardly limited to the various perspectives of legal, medical, moral and religion as we have so far discussed, but also involve philosophical perspectives as well.

The Social Contract Theory is an ideology that is largely attributed to Thomas Hobbes although its concepts have been around for quite some time (Celeste, 2004). In Social Theory Contract, Hobbes argues that human are rational beings but which only reason and act with their best interests at heart in what he refers as “coomodious living” which entail various aspects of life such as morality, society and politics (Celeste, 2004).

The relevance of this theory therefore in the context of euthanasia is that people’s moral standings are usually tied together with the political factors of the society. Perhaps, what Hobbes is advocating concerning euthanasia, is to let the moral and political factors of a society be the framework of determining the justification of euthanasia.

An even more unusual theory regarding euthanasia has been advanced by Susan Wolf in a critique of the Physician Assisted Suicide (PAS) concept in which the influence of culture, socialization and sexism as determinant factors of euthanasia are adequately tackled (Dieterle, 2007). The underlying argument that Wolf attempts to portray in that paper claims that euthanasia is largely a gender issue which should not be legalized under the existing legal laws and cultural practices of the society.

In this paper, the practice of euthanasia is described to be gender based in that women are affected differently by the practice compared to men and are more predisposed to the practice than men, mainly because the culture in America tends to devalue women who are terminally ill, disabled or considerably aged more than is the case for their male counterparts (Dieterle, 2007).

In this critique by wolf two major points are raised to support her claim of gender based euthanasia, one of which she claims that majority of persons that are likely to seek PAS would be females rather than males, which in itself is an injustice.

However, data analysis of the various countries and states in America that have so far legalized euthanasia turns out not to support this assertion. The trend is the same even for other countries that have allowed euthanasia such as Netherlands where males constitutes the larger percentage than females.

As we can see from the facts discussed it is clear that the modern society has evolved to a point that justifies euthanasia because of the strides in technology and lifestyle changes that necessitates that people be mercifully relieved of life should the situation demand so.

As it is, governments have circumvented the legalization of euthanasia by giving it different definitions as we have seen to fit its intentions. But at the end of the day it is euthanasia, and it is not right to discriminate against citizens based on the nature of death and in the process deny those who also need it as much.

Celeste, F. (2004). Social Contract Theory: Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy . Web.

Dieterle, J. (2007). Physician Assisted Suicide: A New Look at the Arguments. Bioethics , 21 (3): 127-139.

Hassan, O. (2006). Euthanasia: Ethic-Legal Issues . Web.

Pateman, C & Rawls, J. (1987). Euthanasia in Health Care Ethics: An Introduction . Carlifornia, CA: Temple University Press.

Rawls, J. (1971). A Theory of Justice . Washington, DC: Harvard University Press.

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Home — Essay Samples — Social Issues — Euthanasia — Voluntary Euthanasia Persuasive Speech

Voluntary Euthanasia Persuasive Speech

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Published: Mar 20, 2024

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