explanatory essay on the odyssey

The Odyssey

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Welcome to the LitCharts study guide on Homer's The Odyssey . Created by the original team behind SparkNotes, LitCharts are the world's best literature guides.

The Odyssey: Introduction

The odyssey: plot summary, the odyssey: detailed summary & analysis, the odyssey: themes, the odyssey: quotes, the odyssey: characters, the odyssey: symbols, the odyssey: theme wheel, brief biography of homer.

Historical Context of The Odyssey

Other books related to the odyssey.

• Full Title: The Odyssey
• When Written: 8th or 7th century BC.
• Where Written: Ancient Greece
• When Published: The poem was passed down orally for many generations, but the Athenian tyrant Peisistratos established a committee to compile and revise Homer's manuscripts in the 6th century BC. The oldest complete manuscript of the poem dates back to the 10th or 11th century AD. Dozens of English translations have been published since the 17th century.
• Literary Period: Ancient Greece (pre-Classical)
• Genre: Epic Poem
• Setting: The Pelopponese and the Ionian islands in Mycenaean Greece, in the 10 years after the fall of Troy, circa 12th century BC.
• Climax: The slaughter of the suitors
• Antagonist: The suitors, Poseidon
• Point of View: Third person omniscient

Extra Credit for The Odyssey

The Limits of Papyrus. The Odyssey was initially recorded on fragile papyrus scrolls; some people believe that the length of each of the twenty-four books was determined by the length of a single scroll, which would break if it exceeded a certain size.

Son of Telemachus. The Oracle at Delphi claimed that Homer was Telemachus's son.

“The Odyssey” by Homer Essay

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The Odyssey is the story of an old man (Odysseus) returning home and a young man (Telemachus) venturing out in search of himself. Telemachus, throughout the story, considered the heroic Odysseus as his model.

Throughout the story, there is a constant struggle of the growing Telemachus to imitate the actions of his father and then eventually become like him that he comes to an end of his journey. In the beginning of the poem, Homer does not give any indication to the readers that Telemachus will eventually go on a journey like his father.

Telemachus’s headway towards this goal actually shows how difficult were the goals and ventures of Odysseus. The text of The Odyssey presents a single framed narration of the hero, Odysseys, and the journey of a child, Telemachus, into manhood. This essay will demonstrate the comparisons and contrasts the tale draws between the two central characters of father and son.

There are distinct similarities between the character of Odysseus and Telemachus. The resemblance are so close that in one account Penelope had to reverse the procedure in identifying the true identity of her visitor as Odysseus.

In Odysseus 4, Helen’s description of Telemachus actually shows the close physical resemblance between the two characters. However, as a character in the book, Telemachus is often found to move under the shadow of his father’s heroic feats.

Odysseus is hailed a hero for his heroic adventures and conquests in the battle of Troy. Telemachus too tries to emulate his father, and like him, goes out on a voyage, but fails to attain full respect like his father. Therefore, a continuous struggle is observed in the text wherein there is continuous comparison between the two characters.

The writer, the readers, does it and even by Telemachus himself who felt that, he could never match up to his father’s valor. In Odyssey 2 , the episode in which Telemachus leaves a sword in unlocked room that helped the suitors to possess arms to combat the former.

Odysseus, though had made mistakes, could not be expected of making such a careless mistake. Eurymachus states that Telemachus could never muster the courage and conviction to face the threats of the suitors. In another instance, Leocritus points out that Telemachus may not venture out in a journey even after continues encouragement from his elders.

Homer’s epic poem portrays the character of Telemachus as a son who takes change of situation due to an absent father. Only till the father returns to take back the reigns. Therefore, to a great extent the character of Telemachus and his adventures hs been belittled in the text. However, Telemachus does show a sense of pride in his family and blood when he says that he will not shame his family.

Odysseus is critical of Telemachus when they reunite after the former’s return to Ithaca. Telemachus expresses his doubt on their reunion if the man who had transgressed from a beggar to the state of a hero could really be his father, to which Odysseus answers with impatience that had he not been the real father he would not have returned to Ithaca after twenty years of toiling.

In general, the characters of telemachus and Odysseus reflects on that of an obedient son tied by his duties and a gentle father happy to reunite with his family.

The poem stresses on equality and a cordial relation between Telemachus and Odysseus. However, it cannot be overlooked that the poem is more about Odysseus, who fought at Troy, and his grand heroic adventures and that of a mediocre son who lived a mundane life in the island of Ithaca encompassed by his family duties.

• Short Summary
• Summary & Analysis
• Literary Devices and Symbols
• Questions & Answers
• Homer: Biography
• Characterization of Hamlet
• Father-Son Relationship in The Odyssey by Homer
• Odysseus Adventures and Fate
• Importance of the Book "The Odyssey" by Homer
• The Journey to the Land of the Dead: Homer's "The Odyssey"
• Literary Analysis Susan Glespell's Trifles
• The Problem with Mr. Gunes
• Othello and Snow Country: Personal Opinion
• Gathering Blue by Lois Lowry
• Leo Tolstoy's "The Death of Ivan Ilyich": Characters Analysis
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• Chicago (N-B)

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Bibliography

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The Odyssey, Epic Poem By Homer: Characters, Analysis

Undeniably, the Odyssey is a great masterpiece of Greek mythology that everybody can read now in the English language. Via the Iliad and the Odyssey, Homer tells a heroic story of ancient Greeks during and past the Trojan war. Both written works appear quite massive. For this reason, the Odyssey Homer summary here will help analyze this novel. Thanks to Homer, the Odyssey became an exceptional study guide on Greek mythology for many generations.

The Odyssey Summary

One crucial fact about the Odyssey summary is that events in this literary piece unfold after the battle in Troy. Homer’s Odyssey contains two major plotlines: 

• The first narrative takes place on an island called Ithaca 
• The second narrative depicts adventures during coming back from war

While Odysseus meets various gods and monsters while traveling, everybody in his homeland thinks that he perished in Troy. This novel starts with the protagonist’s wife Penelope, son Telemachus, and father Laertes grieving in Ithaca. Furthermore, numerous suitors make attempts to improve their social status by marrying the king’s wife. 

Suddenly, the protagonist’s son receives help from Athena herself, who is the goddess and daughter of Zeus. She tells Telemachus to seek the truth about his father first in Pylos, then in Sparta. With the hope of saving the mother and their kingdom, the young boy secretly leaves. 

Meanwhile, the sea washes a boat ashore. The land turns out to be Calypso's island. Although Calypso held captive the whole crew, the nymph is willing to set Odysseus free after seven years as soon as Zeus together with all gods agrees to release him. In the fifth book, the protagonist describes his previous adventures, which led to the current state of things. 

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Another thing you need to know from the Odyssey summary is that a major piece of the novel unfolds in retrospect. Odysseus and fellow travelers managed to survive multiple dangerous situations. First, they escaped from Lotus-eaters, whose food could make the travelers stay there forever. Next, the sailors faced Cyclops - deadly one-eyed creatures. By blinding one Cyclops, Odysseus enraged Poseidon, who created this monster. During the journey, Poseidon constantly attempts to avenge his creation. 

Upon escaping the cyclops, the sailors met another god, Aeolus. Instead of helping them, the trickster made them aimlessly sail in the endless waters. After this exhausting journey, the adventurers fought cannibals and met Circe, the enchantress. The witch goddess transformed sailors into swine for one long year, only leaving Odyssey in his human body. 

A final segment of the Odyssey summary should discuss how Odysseus managed to get to Ithaca eventually. The protagonist hides his true identity and wins the archery competition with multiple contenders for the throne. The victory allows Odysseus to join the family again and join Telemachus to kill the suitors. Finally, justice prevailed for Odysseus after twenty years. Read also Pride and Prejudice short summary - it should be interesting to you.

The Odyssey Analysis

Through the creation of the Iliad and the Odyssey Homer changed western literature forever. Even though the experts find it hard to date the work and prove the authorship, they still can thoroughly examine the text. Whether you need help with writing an essay or a literature review on an epic work or want to know the subject better, Odyssey analysis can help you. Here is an example of the Odyssey analysis essay. 

In general, the stories glorifying warriors on their way home were popular in Ancient Greece. Thanks to the talent and hard work of Homer the Odyssey stood out, leaving a footprint on world heritage. The ancient Greek poet came up with the Odyssey as a sequel to the earlier massive creation, the Iliad. It depicts the Trojan war period, while the Odyssey covers the post-war events. Although the novels differ, there is a deep interconnection between them. For this reason, any Odyssey analysis essay must cover both legendary creations. 

For Homer, the Odyssey became an opportunity to explore the theme of returning home. Instead of battle wrath, characters experience homesickness. The feeling intensifies with all the obstacles between them and Ithaca island. Luckily for his sailors, Odysseus possesses multiple positive personality traits which allow them to avoid tragedy at all times. King Odysseus is:

“He knoweth all manner of craft and cunning devices,” the author describes him. The hero can boast a winning combination of traits. However, the protagonist suffers from his pride, which infuriates Poseidon and makes it harder for Odysseus to reach the destination.

To summarize this Odyssey analysis essay, the masterpiece brings up a range of serious topics. The Odyssey analysis shows that with effort, even a mortal can survive an encounter with celestials. If you need a better understanding of ancient literature, you can use our custom essay writing services to make things easier.

Perhaps you will be interested in an article with visual analysis example , we recommend you read it.

Main Characters List of the Novel

The process of getting familiar with Homer’s novel is impossible without the Odyssey character analysis. Each figure plays an essential role in developing the plot. For instance, what does the Cyclops represent in the novel? An expert would say that this monster stands for narrow-mindedness or refusal to think of consequences. The following brief Odyssey character analysis discusses other figures from work.

In the Iliad and the Odyssey, Homer made Odysseus the protagonist, so he should be first in the Odyssey character analysis. Despite being just a human, he constantly proves his strength and smarts. Many consider him a heroic figure, though he fits the definition of an anti-hero better. This man is sly, and he manages to outsmart even the immortals.

Odysseus’s wife Penelope is another crucial figure in the novel. The woman stays loyal to her spouse, even though he is most likely dead. The wife constantly demonstrates her wit by fighting off a hundred suitors who want to get political power. She plays for time and secretly hopes that her husband stays alive.

This goddess always supports Odysseus when he travels. She favors the protagonist and helps him in the long adventures. Athena plays an essential role in assisting the king in reaching his kingdom and family.

Telemachus is a teenage boy, whose father is Odysseus. This young man barely remembers his father and experiences humiliation from the suitors who taunt his mother. While protecting Ithaca from unworthy contenders for the throne, Telemachus attempts to find out what truly happened to his father after he fought in Troy.

Other Characters

The novel contains other names. The sailors meet gods, including Zeus, Poseidon, and Aeolus. The novel portrays other fantastic beings like nymph Calypso and Circe. Among humans, the author mentions king Nestor, the suitors of Penelope, and Menelaus.

What are the 5 Themes of the Odyssey?

It is important to realize that Odysseus' story covers so many topics that distinguishing just one is almost impossible. Some could argue that the key message in the story is perseverance, while the others highlight honor. The king of Ithaca had to show all these qualities to return home. 

Odysseus wasn’t a god, but he boasted great mental strength. The countless victories are a sign of his exceptional abilities. This man survived the Trojan war, then experienced the revenge of Poseidon. Moreover, he escaped the island of Ogygia and Calypso, who held his whole crew captive. Of course, Athena supported Odysseus, but his persistence to return home looks outstanding.

Free Will, Fate, and the Gods

The first topic the story touches on covers influential forces in human life. Does a god from Mount Olympus shape your existence, or can you change your destiny through actions? Maybe Athena is just a muse for the protagonist rather than a savior.

Customs and Justice

The next topic in the novel connects to customs, ethics, and rituals. All over the Odyssey, especially in the first four books, readers see how breaking or bending the rules changes the story.

The third topic covers remembering loved ones, no matter what happens. A son remembers his father, and a man mourns for his dead friend. The novel shows that such feelings appear noble, unlike hunger or thirst.

Glory and Honor

Glory, which comes from winning a battle, and honor, which comes from correct behavior, are major themes in the poem. Main figures have a mentality that helps them make the right decisions. Sometimes, even killing an enemy is noble if it means avenging a friend.

Essay Sample on Odysseus

Let our sample essay guide you through the nuanced landscape of Odysseus, offering a clear pathway for your research and writing.

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What are the Symbols in the Odyssey?

Symbols make up a significant part of the story about Odysseus. Whether they are larger or smaller, they all create epic poetry together with other literary devices. Here are some major symbols from the Odyssey.

What do the pair of eagles symbolize in this literary work? These aggressive birds sent by Zeus were a sign that represents the murder of suitors, which ends Penelope’s suitors' plot. Odysseus and Telemachus finally kill those who wanted to become the rulers on the island.

The story begins, continues, and ends with the changing portrayals of a sea. The body of water was a reflection of human life in all its aspects. The sea can be both calm or stormy, just like a person’s existence.

In Homer’s Odyssey, a bow stands for power, both physical and political. Since only the king is strong enough to string it easily, it becomes a sign that only he can rule his island. Other men fail this test, proving their inability to become country leaders.

Argos (dog)

The protagonist’s pet illustrates the stability of the master’s own household together with his family’s loyalty. When Odysseus finished his adventures, Argos was barely alive. Eventually, the dog died only upon meeting the master again.

Odysseus’s Journey

After surviving Calypso’s island, Cyclops cave, and obstacles from all the gods, there remains one final mission. The protagonist’s last journey to the country where citizens knew nothing about the sea was also a symbol. The poet wanted to showcase the heartache of losses the traveler wanted to forget.

One more crucial symbol in the ancient novel was the bed. The furniture was stable and unchanging, like the marriage of Penelope and Odysseus. Just like nobody could move it, no man could convince Penelope to cheat.

The Odyssey Film

The ancient literary work tremendously affects modern culture. To popularize the novel, several countries decided to make the Odyssey film adaptation in the English language, which appeared on screens in 1997. In the story of film an Odyssey interpretation has little in common with the original literary piece. The director described his movie as a fantasy, which incorporated and changed some elements from the Odyssey.

In brief, the summary analysis, the examination of characters, and the symbolism of the novel demonstrate its depth. The author brings up loyalty, courage, honor, and friendship which remain topical in the modern world. Even thousands of years later, people can relate to the issues that the author brings up in this poem. Reading such a novel opens the mind!

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The Odyssey

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Discussion Questions

Though the poem is called the Odyssey , Odysseus does not appear until the fifth book. Examine why, drawing on the function of storytelling within the narrative .

Discuss the function of hospitality rules and why they matter in the Odyssey . Draw on at least three specific examples of hospitality in your discussion.

Agamemnon’s soul appears twice in the Odyssey , in Books 11 and 24. What is his function in the narrative?

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Everything you need to know to read homer's "odyssey" - jill dash.

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An encounter with a man-eating giant. A sorceress who turns men into pigs. A long-lost king taking back his throne. On their own, any of these make great stories. But each is just one episode in the "Odyssey," a 12,000-line poem spanning years of ancient Greek history and legend. So how do we make sense of this massive text? Jill Dash shares everything you need to know to read Homer's "Odyssey.”

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The Odyssey

The odyssey essay questions.

Argue against the claim that The Odyssey ought to be read as a tragedy because of all the pain inflicted upon its protagonist, Odysseus.

Although Odysseus' name means "Son of Pain" and he is made to suffer greatly before achieving his nostos (homecoming), the fact remains that he ultimately does achieve nostos. When he returns to Ithaca, he finds that his immediate family has remained faithful to him, and is able to reclaim his rightful place as the king of Ithaca. Although the amount of hardship he has had to endure may make such an outcome seem implausible, the implausibility is better explained by the epic nature of the work, rather than by calling it a tragedy.

Works like The Odyssey offer us insight into the customs and beliefs of the ancient cultures that produced them. Describe one such custom that The Odyssey makes clear was important in ancient Greece.

One example of such a custom is that of hospitality: it was thought that guests might always be gods in disguise, and therefore ought to be treated with the utmost respect. To this end, guests were often fed, clothed, and so forth, prior to the host asking after their lineage and purpose in their land.

Is Odysseus a just man? Provide evidence to support your answer.

Although Odysseus has character flaws and may not hold what we consider a modern conception of justice, he does seem to act justly in most regards. He only deceives Polyphemus after Polyphemus has rejected the custom of a guest-gift and eaten several of Odysseus' men; he only disguises himself in Ithaca in order to test his family and the suitors. And, perhaps the most important piece of evidence in favor of his being just, he only punishes those servants and suitors who wronged his household while he was away; he lets the innocent live.

Discuss fidelity in the poem. Was Odysseus faithful to his household?

Although Odysseus has many affairs on his journey home, the implication is always that he had to do so in order to progress towards home; there were many moments when it would have been easier for him to give up or surrender, but he never truly lost sight of home. (The year he spent with Circe might be seen as a counterexample to this; nonetheless, the fact remains that he returned to his quest and did not forsake his homeland). At minimum, it is evident that the text's notion of fidelity is not reducible to something as simple as sexual relations.

Discuss fidelity in the poem. Was Odysseus' household faithful to him?

Many servants of Ithaca betrayed Odysseus and sided with the suitors, but the "principle players" of his homeland -- the Swineherd, Telemachus, Penelope, Argos, and Laertes -- remained faithful to him despite his absence. This fidelity is symbolized best by Argos, who seemingly staved off death until he could see his master home safely. Penelope, too, could easily have remarried, and was under tremendous pressure to do so; yet she employed every possible means of keeping the suitors at bay in order to continue waiting for her true husband to return to her.

The Odyssey Questions and Answers

The Question and Answer section for The Odyssey is a great resource to ask questions, find answers, and discuss the novel.

What universal themes does Homer explore in the Odyssey?

Check out these themes below:

What do you learn about the character of Odysseus through the poet's introduction in Book 1?

In Book I, we learn that Odysseus fought in the Trojan War, that he has been on the island of Ogygia for eight years, that Poseidon is planning to make his journey home extremely difficult because Odysseus blinded his son, and that his Odysseus'...

summarize terisias' prophecy in the odyssey?

In the Odyssey, Circe sends Odysseus to Tiresias to advise him how to get home. The prophet tells him that he will survive the trip, but if his crew touches the cattle of Helios, they will not. His crew ends up eating the cattle and subsequently...

Study Guide for The Odyssey

The Odyssey study guide contains a biography of Homer, literature essays, a complete e-text, quiz questions, major themes, characters, and a full summary and analysis.

• About The Odyssey
• The Odyssey Summary
• Character List

Essays for The Odyssey

The Odyssey essays are academic essays for citation. These papers were written primarily by students and provide critical analysis of The Odyssey by Homer.

• The Underworld in The Aeneid Versus The Odyssey
• A Musing Contrast
• Homeric Formalism
• The Evolution of Civil Justice
• Modus Operandi - The Ways of Greek Literature

Lesson Plan for The Odyssey

• About the Author
• Study Objectives
• Common Core Standards
• Introduction to The Odyssey
• Relationship to Other Books
• Bringing in Technology
• Notes to the Teacher
• Related Links
• The Odyssey Bibliography

E-Text of The Odyssey

The Odyssey e-text contains the full text of The Odyssey by Homer.

• Books 13-16

Wikipedia Entries for The Odyssey

• Introduction

Experience the Joy of Learning

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The Odyssey Essays

Within the four walls of the Ancient Greece, somewhere around 2,500 years ago, Homer’s exquisite power of words gave birth to one of the largest and most enduring of all time Epic, Odyssey. Odyssey is marked by an immense panorama of wondrous journey of a man through the lands of magic and mystery...

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The Odyssey In The Odyssey, Odysseus had to face many challenges during his travels; a few of these difficulties were a cannibalistic Cyclops, huge whirlpools, determined suitors, along with many hardships. Odysseus fought constantly to return to his homeland of Ithaca, but to accomplish this...

The Odyssey Report In The Odyssey , Homer uses guest-host relationships as an ethical norm against which behavior is measured. When the ritual is preformed correctly by guest-host, good results ensue. In contrast, the violations of this ethical norm results in misfortune. This idea was taken very...

1 355 words

The Odyssey The Odyssey was full of wonder, power, and surprises. It is packed with epic heroes, creatures, gods, and goddesses. The gods, goddesses, and creatures had supernatural powers that effected the lives of Odysseus, his crew, and his family. Their actions proved to be powerful, beneficial ...

The Odyssey: Telemachus Telemachus recounts his confrontation with the Old man of the sea who could change his appearance in order to escape danger. Telemachus reveals the information which he obtained from the Old man of the sea to the reader. The Old man told Telemachus of the sorrowful tale of...

The Greeks, as portrayed by Homer, are a very vengeful people. Throughout The Odyssey, a theme of vengeance is dominant. These displays of retribution come from different entities for fairly different reasons. So why is revenge such a factor in The Odyssey? Fear and the overwhelming feeling of...

The Odyssey is the product of a society in which the dominant role was played by men. In ancient Greece, just as in the whole of the ancient world, and in America and Western Europe until the last century, women occupied a subservient position. Society was organized and directed by men, and all of...

When one ponders the Greek mythology and literature, powerful images invariably come to mind. One relives the heroes’ struggles against innumerable odds, their battles against magical monsters, and the gods’ periodic intervention in mortal affairs. Yet, a common and often essential...

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The Odyssey and Its Themes Homer’s great literary classic, The Odyssey, represents and illustrates many emotional and mental values. All of these values can be classified under three different main themes that are constant throughout the epic tale. These themes are: A boy’s struggle to...

Loyalty to family, community, and the gods is an important quality in the lives of ancient Greek citizens. These qualities are clear demonstrated in The Odyssey through Penelope, Telemakhos, and Odysseus. Penelope shows her loyalty in several ways. She shows loyalty to Odysseus by waiting for his...

Relationships in the Odyssey Essay Throughout the Odyssey, there are many relationships that represent love between two people. These relationships show loyalty, compassion, and the wanting to be near one another. Two of these kinds of relationships are between Odysseus and Telemakhos, and...

"There is no safety in unlimited hubris" (McGeorge Bundy). The dictionary defines hubris as overbearing pride or presumption; arrogance. In The Odyssey, Homer embodies hubris into the characters Odysseus, the Suitors, and the Cyclopes. Odysseus shows hubris when he is battling the Cyclopes, the...

The Odyssey and The epic of Gilgamesh (Similarities and Differences) Both The Odyssey and the Epic of Gilgamesh are two incredible stories written long ago everyone knows this but what a lot of people don't is that these two epics share many of the same concepts. Such as the nostro (the Greek term...

The Odyssey has much to teach us about the feminine psyche. The feminine psyche is the way that the female mind and soul react to and process situations. Females are generally faithful, giving, and respectful to their mates. We have an insight into the feminine psyche in several things that...

Homer, name traditionally assigned to the author of the Iliad and the Odyssey, the two major epics of Greek antiquity. Nothing is known of Homer as an individual, and in fact it is a matter of controversy whether a single person can be said to have written both the Iliad and the Odyssey...

Homer's poem The Odyssey depicts the tendency of people to ignore the consequences of their actions. Odysseus punished Penelope's suitors without thinking of consequences that he would have to endure. He did not acknowledge the consequences because that would prevent him from doing what he wants...

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In the epic the Odyssey by Homer (translated by Robert Fitzgerald) one of the most descriptive and best written passages in the entire epic is "The Slaying of the Suitors" (book 23 lines1-62). This is a good passage for many reasons, one of these is that it is a part of the story that has been...

1 179 words

The Women of the Odyssey Many people regard Homer's epics as war stories? stories about men; those people often overlook the important roles that women play in the Odyssey. While there are not many female characters in the Odyssey, the few that there are, play pivotal roles in the story and one...

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The Odyssey Odysseus was always considered to be a great man and a great hero. He was known for his brain as well as his muscle. He was an epic hero of a narrative poem about the deeds of gods or heroes. He possesses qualities superior to those of most men, yet remains recognizably human. These...

Everyone has a home. Regardless of its location, it is a place of acceptance and belonging. In a sense it's where the heart is. Though in The Odyssey, the concept of home is blurry and for the most part incomplete, it is the most important thing to Odysseus, and he is willing to go through utter...

In any discussion concerning roles of male and female in the “Odyssey,” it seems natural to concentrate mainly on the evidence having to do with the situation on Ithaka, both because Ithaka is the most complex and the most fully described society in the Odyssey. All the women met...

A long time ago people believed that gods ruled the world. Each god was responsible for a certain element of nature, and all those gods are described in the well-known “Odyssey.” In this article, we’ll provide you with the way Poseidon was described in the poem. Poseidon was...

The feeling of self-confidence is a positive feature as long as it does not turn into arrogance. Hubris is one of such traits when people have too much pride in themselves, and this leads to disasters or problems. Odyssey is a great example of a character whose actions are sometimes ruled by his...

Recently, an approach of researchers to problems of the Homeric epic has changed significantly. In the field of their view, new problems are increasingly emerging. One of the widely discussed topics is a theme of hospitality in the “Odyssey”. From our perspective, this is one of the...

In the novel The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, Daisy Buchanan is an important woman character, but only in relation toga Gatsby dream. Ever since Gatsby had come back from the army, he had longed to have Daisy back in his life, and so everything he did and built up was in some way for her (e...

1 667 words

An epic is best described by the Merriam-Webster Dictionary as a long narrative poem in elevated style recounting the deeds of a legendary or historical hero. Epics like "Beowulf" and "The Odyssey" are perfect examples of this definition; they are each centered on the deeds and triumphs of their...

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Many of the tragic pitfalls of Odysseus and his men were from their own weaknesses to women. The temptations that the crew submits to always either anger the gods or distract them from their goal- returning home. In The Odyssey, by the legendary poet Homer, Odysseus and his crew desire to complete...

Pankaj Selvam English 10 Honors Joseph Campbell’s Monomyth Chosen Monomyth: The Odyssey 1. Hero introduced in his ordinary world Odysseus is a strong ruler of Ithaca (Greek city-state), however lacks experience in war. He is also the son of Laertes 2. The call to adventure He wins the Trojan war...

Joel Schain Period 2 3/28/10 Book 9: In the Eyes of Polyphemus This morning was like any other day. I got up to see the sun rise, and then I went into the forest to find something to eat for breakfast. Most days were quiet in the land of the Cyclopes. All you could hear were your own thoughts, and...

Reflective journal 1 The Odyssey Date due MB and ME: 23rd January 2014 at 8:30am – via Blackboard – – Submission to VeriGuide – Choose ONE of the following question groups and write a short essay, about 400-600 words in English or 700-900 characters in Chinese. (* A question may break down into a...

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Essays on The Odyssey

When it comes to writing an essay about The Odyssey, the epic poem by Homer, there is a wide range of potential topics to explore. The story of Odysseus' ten-year journey home from the Trojan War offers plenty of material for analysis and discussion. However, with so many options, it can be challenging to narrow down a specific topic. This article will discuss the importance of choosing the right topic, offer advice on selecting a topic, and provide a detailed list of recommended essay topics, divided by category.

Choosing the right topic for your essay on The Odyssey is crucial for several reasons. First, it's essential to select a topic that you are passionate about and interested in exploring further. This will make the writing process more enjoyable and result in a more engaging and well-researched essay. Second, selecting a specific and focused topic will help you to develop a clear thesis and argument for your paper. Finally, choosing a unique and thought-provoking topic will set your essay apart from others and capture the reader's attention.

When choosing a topic for your essay on The Odyssey, consider your interests and the aspects of the poem that intrigue you the most. Think about the themes, characters, and literary devices that you find most compelling. Additionally, consider the scope of your essay and the length requirements. It's important to select a topic that is neither too broad nor too narrow, allowing for in-depth analysis within the confines of your assignment.

Recommended The Odyssey Essay Topics

Writing an essay on The Odyssey by Homer? Here's a list of essay topics to help you get started. These topics are categorized to make it easier for you to find the perfect one for your assignment.

Themes and Motifs

• The theme of hospitality in The Odyssey
• The role of disguise and deception in the epic
• Revenge and retribution in The Odyssey
• The significance of loyalty in the story
• The concept of fate and destiny in The Odyssey
• The motif of homecoming in the epic
• Power and authority in The Odyssey
• The portrayal of women in the epic
• The importance of storytelling in The Odyssey
• The theme of heroism and courage in the narrative

Character Analysis

• Odysseus: A hero's journey
• Penelope: The strength of a faithful wife
• Telemachus: Growing up in the shadow of a hero
• Athena: The goddess of wisdom and warfare
• Poseidon: The god of the sea and his role in the story
• Circe: The enchantress and her impact on the narrative
• Calypso: Love and longing in The Odyssey
• The Suitors: Arrogance and greed in the epic
• Eurycleia: The loyal servant in the household of Odysseus
• Eumaeus: The swineherd and his loyalty to Odysseus

Symbolism and Imagery

• The significance of the bow in The Odyssey
• The symbolism of the sea in the narrative
• The imagery of the underworld in the epic
• The meaning of the olive tree in the story
• The role of dreams and prophecies in The Odyssey
• The symbolism of the epic's title
• The imagery of light and darkness in the narrative
• The significance of the scar on Odysseus' leg
• The symbol of the lotus-eaters in The Odyssey
• The imagery of the sirens and their allure

Comparative Analysis

• Comparing and contrasting the portrayal of Odysseus in The Odyssey and other ancient texts
• Comparing the themes of The Odyssey with other epic poems
• Exploring the similarities and differences between The Odyssey and The Iliad
• Comparing the portrayal of gods and goddesses in The Odyssey and other ancient literature
• Examining the role of women in The Odyssey and other ancient texts

Historical and Cultural Context

• The portrayal of ancient Greek society in The Odyssey
• The significance of the Trojan War in the context of the poem
• The political and social implications of Odysseus' return to Ithaca
• The role of religion and spirituality in ancient Greek culture
• The influence of mythology on the narrative of The Odyssey

With these recommended essay topics, you'll have plenty of options to choose from when writing about The Odyssey. Whether you're interested in exploring the themes, characters, literary devices, or historical context of the poem, there is a wealth of material to dive into. Remember to select a topic that resonates with you and allows for a focused and engaging analysis. Happy writing!

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A Study of The Theme of Self-identification in The Odyssey

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c. 8th century BCE

Epic Poetry, Epic

Ancient Greek

Odysseus, Telemachus, Penelope, Athena, Poseidon, Zeus, Antinous, Eurymachus, Amphinomus, Eumaeus, Eurycleia, Melanthius, Melantho, Calypso, Polyphemus, Circe, Laertes, Tiresias, Nestor, Menelaus, Helen, Agamemnon, Nausicaa, Alcinous, Arete

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Homer's Odyssey Essay

Explanation, homer's odyssey essay, introduction.

The Odyssey, written by the ancient Greek poet Homer, is widely regarded as one of the most important works in Western literature. It is an epic poem that tells the story of Odysseus, a Greek hero, and his ten-year journey home after the Trojan War. The Odyssey is not only a thrilling adventure but also a meditation on the nature of heroism, the importance of family and home, and the power of storytelling itself. In this essay, we will explore the various elements of the Odyssey that make it a seminal piece of literature.

Language Usage in The Odyssey

Epic similes.

One notable aspect of Homer's language in The Odyssey is the use of epic similes. Epic similes, also known as Homeric similes, are extended comparisons that feature prominently in the poem. These similes are often used to heighten the dramatic impact of the narrative and provide vivid descriptions for the reader.

For example, in Book 5 of The Odyssey, Homer compares Odysseus to a "gamefish, with a bite that's sure/And one other bites, and both sink down, quivering/...growing weak as they dry in the wind." This simile serves to emphasize the relentlessness and determination of Odysseus as he struggles to survive.

Homer's use of imagery in The Odyssey is also noteworthy. Through carefully chosen words and descriptions, Homer creates vivid mental pictures that allow readers to immerse themselves in the world of the poem. The use of sensory imagery, in particular, helps to bring the scenes to life.

In Book 9, when Odysseus encounters the Cyclops Polyphemus, Homer paints a grim picture of the cave in which the Cyclops resides. He describes it as a place "cavernous and deep, packed with wool and cheese racks/and pails and piggins." This imagery helps to establish the ominous and claustrophobic atmosphere of the scene.

Characterization

Characterization is another important aspect of Homer's language in The Odyssey. Through the use of dialogue and internal monologues, Homer gives readers insights into the thoughts, motivations, and personalities of the various characters.

For example, when Odysseus finally reveals his true identity to his wife Penelope in Book 23, he speaks to her with tenderness and affection. He says, "I am home. I made it back, Penelope./We will marry again in our own bedroom." This exchange showcases Odysseus' love for Penelope and his longing for their life together.

Grammatical Structures in The Odyssey

Use of epithets.

Epithets are an important grammatical feature in The Odyssey. An epithet is a descriptive word or phrase that is used to characterize a person or thing. Homer often uses these epithets as a way to reinforce the identity of a character or to create a specific mood or tone.

For instance, Odysseus is often referred to as "resourceful" or "crafty." These epithets highlight his cunning and cleverness, which are central to his character and his ability to overcome obstacles.

Repetition is another prominent grammatical structure in The Odyssey. Homer frequently repeats certain phrases, lines, or descriptions throughout the poem. This repetition serves several purposes, including emphasizing key ideas, creating a rhythm or cadence, and reinforcing the oral tradition of the poem.

One example of repetition in The Odyssey is the frequent use of the phrase "rosy-fingered Dawn" to describe the sunrise. This repeated phrase not only helps to establish the passage of time but also creates a lyrical and musical quality to the poem.

Literary Devices in The Odyssey

Metaphors are a common literary device used by Homer in The Odyssey. A metaphor is a figure of speech that compares two unrelated things, often highlighting a particular quality or characteristic.

In Book 12, Odysseus compares his ship to a "battering ram that comes smashing forward" as it crashes into the rocks surrounding the island of the Sirens. This metaphor emphasizes the force and power behind Odysseus' journey and the challenges he faces.

Foreshadowing

Foreshadowing is another literary device employed by Homer in The Odyssey. Foreshadowing is the use of hints or clues to suggest events that will occur later in the story. This technique adds suspense and anticipation to the narrative.

In Book 11, Odysseus encounters the shade of the prophet Tiresias in the underworld. Tiresias warns Odysseus of the dangers he will face on his journey home, foreshadowing the upcoming trials and tribulations that Odysseus will endure.

In conclusion, Homer's Odyssey is a masterpiece of ancient literature that continues to captivate readers to this day. Through its language usage, grammatical structures, and literary devices, The Odyssey weaves a rich tapestry of storytelling that explores universal themes of heroism, homecoming, and the power of the human spirit. By delving into the intricacies of this epic poem, readers gain a deeper appreciation for the artistry and enduring impact of Homer's literary genius.

Questions related to Homer's Odyssey Essay

Final answer:.

Odysseus is recognized as an epic hero and an archetype because of his exceptional courage, strength, intelligence alongside his evident flaws like overconfidence and pride. His character serves as a mirror reflecting both the strengths and weaknesses inherent in human nature.

Explanation:

In the world of literature , Odysseus stands as an iconic figure -- an archetype of the epic hero. As the protagonist of Homer's The Odyssey , Odysseus showcases numerous qualities that make him an epic hero. Firstly, Odysseus demonstrates exceptional strength and courage, venturing into unknown territories and fighting off menacing creatures such as the Cyclops and the Sirens. His intelligence is also noteworthy, highlighted especially when he masterminds the Trojan horse plan leading to the defeat of Troy.

However, Odysseus is not without his flaws, which makes him a more nuanced character. His overconfidence and pride often lead him and his crew into preventable dangers, such as when he reveals his identity to Polyphemus, the Cyclops, inviting the wrath of the god Poseidon.

Odysseus' character spans both great qualities as well as flaws reflecting the human condition and thus, he is often considered an archetype in literature. By embodying the highs and lows of human nature, his character gives readers deeper insight into their own strengths and weaknesses.

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The majority of those who read The Odyssey consider the protagonist of the story, Odysseus, a hero.  On many occasions, however, Odysseus makes decisions beneficial to himself alone. For example, when Odysseus and his men find themselves on Polyphemus's island, Odysseus's actions are self-centered and at the expense of his men.  This can be said for most of Odysseus's actions in the story, as his main objective is to reach his home.  Having his men by his side when he returns seems a trivial thing to him.  Odysseus could be considered a hero, but many of his actions say otherwise.  Due to the many unfaithful and self-centered decisions he makes in the story, Odysseus is not a hero.

His bragging almost results in the death of his entire crew. Odysseus doesn't think highly of his men, and this is apparent throughout the entire story. One can be judged by their actions, but what truly shapes a person is their personality. Odysseus is an over-confident and ill-tempered man. On the cyclops's island, Odysseus's boasting nearly proves costly. A modest and heroic person would have had his men in mind, rather than himself, and left the island. Also, Odysseus revealing his true identity to the cyclops could very well have resulted in the death of his men. After Odysseus's boasting, Polyphemus prays to his father, "Let him lose all companions, and return / under strange sail to bitter days at home" (Homer 9. (537-8). This prophecy, of course, becomes a reality. Another sign of Odysseus's over-confidence shows while he is explaining himself to King Alcinous. In some of his first words to the king, Odysseus again boasts of his accomplishments. "Men hold me / formidable for guile in peace and war: / this fame has gone abroad to the sky's rim" (Homer 9. (127-8). Another very important fact is Odysseus's position on monogamy.

Odyssey was known for his bravery, strength, courage making him a hero of Odysseus.

Odyssey is considered to be a hero. The roles and the responsibilities that he had fulfilled and the way he became a hero as a king of Ithaca made him the hero of Odyssey.

The participation of Odyssey in the war and the way he came back to his home, his journey is admired by the people because of the skills used by him. He was widely known for his strength, ability, intelligence, and for his super human abilities.

The essay required in this prompt is called an analytical essay . See a sample of same below.

What is the essay that analyzes how Tennyson uses Homer’s The Odyssey as a source for his depiction of the gods in The Lotos-Eaters?

It is clear to see that Tennyson uses Homer’s The Odyssey as a source for his depiction of the gods in The Lotos-Eaters.

In the referenced text, we see that Odysseus' sailors are made an emergency landing in an unfamiliar nation after a strong wind sweeps them past the island of Cythera on their way home following the destruction of Troy.

It is easy to see that there is a parallel between the use of winds by the gods to punish the sailors and that which occurred in the Odyssey.

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Odysseus is a Greek mythical character who is most well-known for his role in Homer's epic poem, The Odyssey. Odysseus was the king of the island of Ithaca, and he is often depicted as a crafty and resourceful hero.

According to the myth, Odysseus fought in the Trojan War, during which he came up with the idea of the Trojan Horse, a plan that ultimately led to the defeat of the Trojans. However, after the war ended, Odysseus struggled to return home to Ithaca due to interference from the gods and various obstacles he encountered along the way.

One of the most memorable aspects of Odysseus's journey is his encounter with the Cyclops Polyphemus, a giant who traps Odysseus and his crew in his cave and eats several of them. Odysseus uses his wit and intelligence to escape, tricking Polyphemus into drinking wine and then blinding him with a hot poker.

Another notable event in Odysseus's journey is his temptation by the alluring sirens, who sang beautiful songs that lured sailors to their deaths. Odysseus's crew wanted to listen to the sirens, but Odysseus knew that this would be dangerous and had them tie him to the mast of the ship so that he could hear the sirens' song without being able to follow it.

Finally, after many years of wandering, Odysseus returned home to Ithaca, where he faced a challenge in reclaiming his throne from the suitors who had been vying for the hand of his wife, Penelope. Odysseus, with the help of his son Telemachus and the goddess Athena, ultimately triumphs and reclaims his kingdom.

In Greek culture, Odysseus is revered as a symbol of intelligence and resourcefulness. His ability to think on his feet and come up with creative solutions to problems has made him an enduring and popular figure in literature and culture.

Overall, the myth of Odysseus is a classic tale of adventure, danger, and ultimately triumph over obstacles. It serves as a reminder of the power of wit and intelligence in overcoming challenges and achieving one's goals.

The essay discusses the theme of temptation in Homer's epic poem "The Odyssey" and how it relates to the hero's journey and character development.

Essay on Temptation

In Homer's epic poem, The Odyssey, the theme of temptation is a prevalent and significant motif throughout the story.

Temptation can be seen as a force that tests Odysseus' character and integrity , and ultimately influences the outcome of his journey. This is especially evident in his encounters with the sirens, Circe, and Calypso.

The sirens, with their alluring songs, are one of the most well-known examples of temptation in The Odyssey. Their song promises knowledge, power, and pleasure, but in reality, leads to destruction.

Odysseus is warned of their danger, but his curiosity and desire for knowledge almost causes him to succumb to their enchanting melody.

It is only through his own cunning and the help of his men that he is able to resist the siren's lure and continue on his journey.

Circe, the enchantress , represents a different type of temptation. She uses her beauty and magical powers to entice Odysseus and his men, turning them into pigs.

Odysseus' willpower and determination allow him to resist Circe's magic and persuade her to return his men to their human form.

Lastly, Calypso represents a temptation of desire and comfort. She offers Odysseus eternal youth and a life of pleasure, but at the cost of his freedom and home.

Odysseus resists this temptation, choosing to return to his wife and kingdom, despite the hardship and challenges that await him.

In conclusion, the theme of temptation is a crucial element in The Odyssey, highlighting the importance of willpower, self-control, and integrity.

Odysseus' encounters with the sirens, Circe, and Calypso showcase the different forms that temptation can take and the consequences that result from giving into it.

Ultimately, it is through his ability to resist temptation that Odysseus proves his worth as a hero and leader.

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In an explanatory essay analyzing Homer's The Odyssey, it is important to gather relevant evidence that supports the provided claim. Examples can be used to back up the claim while maintaining an objective and formal tone. Transitions should be effectively used to connect the evidence in a coherent paragraph.

In an explanatory essay analyzing Homer's The Odyssey, it is important to gather relevant evidence that supports the provided claim. For example, if the claim is that the theme of loyalty is prominent in the text, you can analyze instances where characters like Odysseus remain loyal to their family or crew members, or where they receive loyalty from others. These examples would provide evidence for the claim and help establish an objective and formal tone. Effective use of transitions, such as 'furthermore' or 'in addition,' can help connect the different pieces of evidence and create a coherent paragraph.

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An explanatory essay on Odysseus, the protagonist of Homer's epic poem, The Odyssey, discussing his traits, adventures, and embodiment of ancient Greek values.

An explanatory essay on Odysseus would discuss the character from Greek mythology who is the protagonist of Homer's epic poem, The Odyssey. Odysseus is known for his intelligence, cunning, and resourcefulness, as well as his long journey home after the Trojan War. The essay could explore Odysseus' traits, his adventures and challenges, and how he embodies the values of ancient Greek society.

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The theme of temptation in 'The Odyssey' is depicted through Odysseus's various encounters, including seductive sorceresses and beguiling Sirens, illuminating the essential ancient Greek values and the profound internal and external struggles against immediate gratification.

The epic poem The Odyssey, attributed to Homer, is not only a tale of a hero's return but also a rich illustration of the theme of temptation. Odysseus, the central character, faces numerous temptations throughout his journey that challenge both his resolve and his moral compass. One notable example occurs with Circe, a sorceress who tempts Odysseus and his men with her enchanting ways and turns them into swine. Temptation here not only serves as a literal obstacle but also as a metaphor for the seductive and potentially destructive tendencies human beings must navigate. This is a pattern that recurs throughout the epic, as seen with the Sirens whose bewitching songs lure sailors to their doom, and with Calypso, who offers Odysseus the immortal life of a god if he will stay with her.

Temptation in The Odyssey often arises from external enticements that lead to internal turmoil. These trials are not simply physical battles but are reflective of the psychological and ethical wars waged within the soul. As Odysseus resists the Sirens' allure by having himself bound to the mast of his ship, he exemplifies the need for self-control and forward-thinking to overcome the primal urge for immediate gratification. Similarly, his plan to escape from the Cyclops Polyphemus's cave shows strategic acumen that triumphs over brute force and impulsive reaction. In the poem's context, these episodes convey ancient Greek values like arete, illustrating the importance of such virtues in achieving success.

The intricate relationship between temptation and virtue is also explored through the contrast between Odysseus and the suitors vying for his wife Penelope's hand. While Odysseus' temptations are external challenges he must overcome, the suitors embody the yielding to temptation and the moral degeneration that follows. Their unchecked appetites and disregard for xenia - the sacred guest-host relationship - lead to their ultimate demise at the hands of the returning hero. In these ways, the epic crafts a multi-dimensional discussion on temptation, integrating it with the pursuit of excellence and the maintenance of societal and personal ethics.

The essay on whether Odysseus is a hero is structured, uses evidence from the text, and exhibits understanding of ancient Greek culture, suggesting it aligns with high school standards. It needs deeper analysis for an A grade.

To determine if the essay on whether Odysseus is a hero is worth an A , one must consider several key factors. Firstly, the essay should be well-organized, following a logical structure that includes an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. Each body paragraph should focus on a specific trait or example of Odysseus's heroic nature, providing evidence from the text and analysis of how it supports the thesis. Secondly, the essay needs to demonstrate a deep understanding of Homer's epic poem, The Odyssey, and relate the traits of Odysseus to the concept of the Greek hero. Lastly, the writing should be clear and error-free, showing a mastery of language and mechanics. The provided essay demonstrates a structured argument, citing examples from the text, and aligns with the concept of the hero in ancient Greek culture. Areas for improvement could include providing deeper analysis or counterarguments to strengthen the thesis. Without knowing the specific grading rubric, it is challenging to ensure an A grade, but the essay seems to align well with high school-level writing expectations.