GPT Essay Checker for Students

How to Interpret the Result of AI Detection

To use our GPT checker, you won’t need to do any preparation work!

Take the 3 steps:

  • Copy and paste the text you want to be analyzed,
  • Click the button,
  • Follow the prompts to interpret the result.

Our AI detector doesn’t give a definitive answer. It’s only a free beta test that will be improved later. For now, it provides a preliminary conclusion and analyzes the provided text, implementing the color-coding system that you can see above the analysis.

It is you who decides whether the text is written by a human or AI:

  • Your text was likely generated by an AI if it is mostly red with some orange words. This means that the word choice of the whole document is nowhere near unique or unpredictable.
  • Your text looks unique and human-made if our GPT essay checker adds plenty of orange, green, and blue to the color palette.
  • 🔮 The Tool’s Benefits

🤖 Will AI Replace Human Writers?

✅ ai in essay writing.

  • 🕵 How do GPT checkers work?

Chat GPT in Essay Writing – the Shortcomings

  • The tool doesn’t know anything about what happened after 2021. Novel history is not its strong side. Sometimes it needs to be corrected about earlier events. For instance, request information about Heathrow Terminal 1 . The program will tell you it is functioning, although it has been closed since 2015.
  • The reliability of answers is questionable. AI takes information from the web which abounds in fake news, bias, and conspiracy theories.
  • References also need to be checked. The links that the tool generates are sometimes incorrect, and sometimes even fake.
  • Two AI generated essays on the same topic can be very similar. Although a plagiarism checker will likely consider the texts original, your teacher will easily see the same structure and arguments.
  • Chat GPT essay detectors are being actively developed now. Traditional plagiarism checkers are not good at finding texts made by ChatGPT. But this does not mean that an AI-generated piece cannot be detected at all.

🕵 How Do GPT Checkers Work?

An AI-generated text is too predictable. Its creation is based on the word frequency in each particular case.

Thus, its strong side (being life-like) makes it easily discernible for ChatGPT detectors.

Once again, conventional anti-plagiarism essay checkers won’t work there merely because this writing features originality. Meanwhile, it will be too similar to hundreds of other texts covering the same topic.

Here’s an everyday example. Two people give birth to a baby. When kids become adults, they are very much like their parents. But can we tell this particular human is a child of the other two humans? No, if we cannot make a genetic test. This GPT essay checker is a paternity test for written content.

❓ GPT Essay Checker FAQ

Updated: Oct 25th, 2023

  • Abstracts written by ChatGPT fool scientists - Nature
  • How to... use ChatGPT to boost your writing
  • Will ChatGPT Kill the Student Essay? - The Atlantic
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  • Overview of ChatGPT - Technology Hits - Medium
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This page contains a free online GPT checker for essays and other academic writing projects. Being based on the brand-new technology, this AI essay detector is much more effective than traditional plagiarism checkers. With this AI checker, you’ll easily find out if an academic writing piece was written by a human or a chatbot. We provide a comprehensive guide on how to interpret the results of analysis. It is up to you to draw your own conclusions.

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Our AI Checker is trained on blog posts, wikipedia entries, essays, and more articles found online and across multiple large language models (LLM’s).

Content from AI systems like ChatGPT, Claude, and Gemini leave traces with certain wordage, structure, and syntax. Our ChatGPT Detector, makes you aware of these probabilities for your content.

The AI Detector will let you know in seconds if what you have reads like it is written by a human or if it sounds like it came from ChatGPT, GPT-4, Bard, Claude, and Gemini. Then, use the AI Humanizer to produce the most humanlike writing possible, giving you undetectable AI content.

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AHelp AI Essay Checker

Academic integrity ai checker.

Detect ChatGPT plagiarism and AI texts

Online AI content detector

Check your academic assignments for AI

AI checker for research papers

Detect ChatGPT, GPT4, Claude & Bard

Plagiarism checker for AI

High-quality ai essay checker.

Even though technology is moving forward, finding a good and free AI checker essay tool is still hard. As these detectors move forward and advance, so does the field of generative AI. Yet, AHelp found its own solution – a service that can quickly scan through documents and determine AI levels with low false positive and negative rates.

The Reasons to Check Essay for AI

Both teachers and students can benefit from a timely check if essay was written by AI. As a student, checking your essays for AI can help ensure that your work is original and personal. It can help you avoid accidental plagiarism or accusations of reliance on AI-generated content. For teachers, AI detectors can also be a valuable addition to the toolkit, since it helps in maintaining academic integrity. They can use these tools to verify that students submit their own work rather than AI-generated nonsense.

Among the major benefits of AI checkers’ assistance include preventing academic dishonesty, encouraging original thinking, and improving the quality of education. By detecting AI-generated content early, students and teachers can address any issues before they become serious problems. This proactive approach can lead to a more honest and productive learning environment, where the produced work is genuine and reflective of the individual’s thoughts and efforts.

AI Generated Essay Checker: Quick Usage Guide

AHelp free AI Essay Checker provides a straightforward approach to AI detection. First, you need to register on our platform to create your account. Then, all you need is your document. Our tool supports the upload of various file types: from pdf to, DOC, as well as rtf and odt files. You can also just insert the text into the platform’s field if that works for you.

After that, you just press the “Detect AI Content” button and wait for the results. When everything’s ready, you will receive the general percentage of AI-generated content spotted in your work. Aside from that, you will also see a breakdown of which parts have a lower and higher likelihood of being created by AI. 

Remember, our tool can accessed for free and you will be able to do three checks a day like that. You can also opt for one of our subscription plans if you are interested in long-term assistance or in case you are planning on checking a couple of documents.

Tips for Working with AI Paper Checker

We all know how these AI detectors work: you upload or copy-paste your work into the tool, the algorithms run their check, and you receive the percentage of AI-generated content detected in your work. Yet, there are a few tricks that can make the checking process more effective and lead to more accurate results.

  • Use Multiple Checkers – Don’t rely on just one AI checker. Use different tools to cross-check results and get a more accurate assessment. You can work with AHelp AI Essay Checker at first and then run the same text through another platform for verification.
  • Analyze Writing Style – Pay attention to the writing style of the paper. You will see that AI-generated content often lacks a personal touch or voice. If the style seems too uniform or lacks depth, it might be AI-generated.
  • Check for Logical Flow – Most of the time, AI struggles with maintaining a consistent logical flow. Examine the paper for any sudden jumps in logic or disjointed arguments.
  • Look for Repetition – AI-generated content may repeat certain phrases or ideas. This is actually one of the aspects by which AI detectors recognize such content. So, you can also look for patterns of repetition that seem unnatural.
  • Test for Understanding – If you suspect a section is AI-generated, you can either run this specific section through AI Essay Checker or try rephrasing the question or statement. You can then see if the response still makes sense. AI might struggle with nuanced changes.
  • Examine Citations – Check the references and citations. Content created by artificial intelligence might cite sources that are irrelevant or nonexistent. This can also be checked by an AI Detector though.

Don’t forget that you can also check the document part by part to identify specifically problematic places in writing. Overall, with the help of these tips, you can enhance the effectiveness of AI paper checkers and ensure that your or your students’ writing is original and of high quality.

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How do you check if an AI wrote an essay?

To quickly check if an AI wrote an essay (either yours or somebody else’s), you can use AI detection tools like GPTZero, OpenAI's AI Text Classifier, or AHelp AI Essay Checker. These tools use special algorithms that recognize writing patterns, consistency, and other linguistic features to determine if the content is likely generated by AI.

Are AI essay detectors accurate?

Even though AI essay detectors are continually improving, for now, they are not 100% accurate. They can approximately pinpoint whether a text is AI-generated, but there may be false positives or negatives. Mostly, the accuracy of these services depends on the complexity of the AI model used and the sophistication of the detection tool.

Can teachers tell if an essay was written by AI?

Teachers might be able to suspect if an essay was written by AI based on a few characteristics such as unnatural language patterns, lack of personal voice, or inconsistencies in writing style. Nonetheless, without the help of specialized detection tools, it can be challenging for them to definitively tell if an essay was written by AI. That’s why a lot of teachers now use AI Detectors as special assistance in their work.

Can schools detect AI writing?

Yes, schools can detect AI writing by using AI detection software as part of their plagiarism and academic integrity checks. These tools, like AacdemicHelp’s AI Essay Checker, can help find out whether a piece of writing submitted by a student has characteristics typical of AI-generated content.

Do colleges use AI detectors?

Certainly, today, many colleges and universities are using AI detectors as part of their academic integrity measures. They may employ these tools to make sure that students' work is original and to maintain the integrity of their academic programs. Some of the most popular platforms used by institutions are Turnitin, OpenAI's AI Text Classifier, and GPTZero. Yet, it is worth noting that some institutions chose to abandon these practices altogether because of the high false positive rates of this technology.

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What Is AI Detector?

ChatGPT and similar tools are becoming increasingly popular. While they can be handy for specific purposes, it's still vital to understand that AI-created text may result in various penalties.

We have created our ChatGPT finder based on the same language patterns that ChatGPT and other similar AI-writers use, and we have trained our tool to distinguish between patterns of human-written and AI-generated text. You will receive a real-time report on how much of the content is fake.

Using AI-detector.net, you can be sure your texts are completely authentic and contain zero AI-written text.

Best Free AI Text Checker

AI-detector.net will provide you with detailed results within only a few seconds.

No need to pay or register—just paste the text, and you’ll get the result.

We use the same technology as ChatGPT to provide the most precise results.

Our ChatGPT detector can be used for various content types: essays, articles, and more.

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You will get a detailed report with highlighted content that was likely written by AI.

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We care about your privacy and do not store any of your texts or personal information.

Who Is AI Detector for?

It is vital to know what content has been written by AI or humans, whether you’re looking at a blog post, browsing the Internet, or reading a college essay. Our free ChatGPT detector can help you to check any type of text.

Marketing and SEO-content

The vast majority of search engines penalize content if they recognize it as AI-generated. Use our AI text checker to verify that you’re posting only human-written content and to detect if your writers used any AI tools in the process.

Academic writing

Find out if your essays or theses include any signs of AI content tools usage. Copy and paste any assignment into the box above and find out within a few seconds whether it is AI-generated or written by a real human.

Business writing

Avoid misleading or inaccurate information in your emails, reports, or other texts, which may occur due to the use of ChatGPT or similar tools. Our AI detector will help you to protect your brand reputation and deliver clear messages to your customers.

How AI Content Checker Works?

Our free AI content detector allows you to assess any text within a few clicks and get the results in seconds.

What Technologies Can AI Checker Detect?

With the rise in popularity of various AI text generation platforms, it is vital to know whether content was written by humans or created by an AI platform. We have incorporated as many technologies as possible into our tool to detect potential issues in any given piece of content.

ChatGPT AI Detector

The first AI chatbot, launched in November 2022, quickly gained users’ attention for its detailed responses. However, it often provides inaccurate facts and false answers.

Our ChatGPT essay checker can easily detect the use of this technology so that you can be sure what was artificially created with the help of this algorithm.

GPT-3 and GPT-4 Detector

Our free service is capable of detecting GPT-4, as well as the earlier version of ChatGPT responses. We have implemented a state-of-art algorithm, which incorporates keyword extraction and sentiment analysis. This helps us to determine texts made with pre-trained language models.

The AI-Detector.net model uses contextual and structural clues to recognize machine-generated texts.

Other AI-Writing Tools

There are many online writing tools that use GPT-3 or similar natural language processing models. We have created our AI Detector with the capability to recognize topic modeling and find flag words and language patterns that are typical for artificial intelligence and uncommon for humans. That’s why it can easily verify whether something was written by AI or real people and show it to you in a detailed report.

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  • Best AI Detector | Free & Premium Tools Tested

Best AI Detector | Free & Premium Tools Compared

Published on February 26, 2024 by Koen Driessen .

AI detectors are tools designed to detect when a text was generated by an AI writing tool like ChatGPT. AI content may look convincingly human in some cases, but these tools aim to provide a way of checking for it. We’ve investigated just how accurate they really are.

To do so, we used a selection of testing texts including fully ChatGPT-generated texts, mixed AI-and-human texts, fully human texts, and texts modified by paraphrasing tools. We ran all these texts through 12 different AI detectors to see how accurately each tool labeled them.

Our research indicates that if you’re willing to pay, the most accurate AI detector available right now is Scribbr’s premium AI Detector , which identified 84% of our texts correctly. If you don’t want to pay, the best choices are QuillBot’s and Scribbr’s free AI Detectors : they are totally free and both scored 78% accuracy, a tie for the second highest score among all tools.

Best AI detectors in 2024
Tool Accuracy False positives Free? Star rating
84% 0
78% 0
78% 0
76% 1
68% 0
66% 0
64% 1
58% 0
58% 0
52% 1
38% 0
38% 1

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Table of contents

General conclusions, 1. scribbr (premium) , 2. quillbot, 3. scribbr (free) , 4. originality.ai, 6. copyleaks, 7. zerogpt , 8. gpt-2 output detector, 9. crossplag, 10. gptzero, 12. ai text classifier (openai), research methodology, frequently asked questions about ai detectors.

In general, our research showed that because of how AI detectors work , they can never provide 100% accuracy. The companies behind some tools make strong claims about their reliability, but those claims are not supported by our testing. Of the tools we tested, only Scribbr’s premium AI Detector surpassed 80% accuracy; the best free tools, QuillBot’s free AI Detector and Scribbr’s free AI Detector , both scored 78%.

We also observed some other interesting trends:

  • False positives (human-written texts flagged as AI) do happen. Four of the 12 tools we tested had a false positive, including one of the overall best tools, Originality.
  • GPT-4 texts were generally harder to detect than GPT-3.5 texts . However, most tools do still detect GPT-4 texts in some cases.
  • AI texts that have been combined with human text or paraphrased are hard to detect . Sribbr’s premium AI Detector does best with them but still finds only 60%.
  • AI detectors generally don’t detect the use of paraphrasing tools on human-written text . Of the tools we tested, only Originality detected this in more than half of cases (60%).
  • AI texts on specialist topics seem slightly harder to detect than those on general topics (67% vs. 76% accuracy).
  • While most detectors show a percentage, they are often binary in their judgments—showing close to 100% or close to 0% in most cases, even when a text is about half-and-half.

Overall, AI detectors shouldn’t be treated as absolute proof that a text is AI-generated, but they can provide an indication in combination with other evidence. Educators using these tools should bear in mind that they are relatively easy to get around and can sometimes produce false positives.

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Scribbr's AI Detector

  • The most accurate detection out of all the tools we tested
  • Very low false positive rate
  • Detects a high proportion  of edited AI texts and up to 100% of GPT-4 texts
  • Provides a percentage
  • Also includes a plagiarism check in partnership with Turnitin
  • Offers a money-back happiness guarantee and live support
  • Premium quality has a price
  • Doesn’t always detect use of paraphrasing tools
  • Doesn’t highlight text to indicate AI content

Scribbr’s premium AI Detector stood out as the best tool we tested in terms of accuracy. It had the highest overall accuracy score at 84%, did not incorrectly label any human text as AI-generated, and detected every GPT-4 text. Additionally, it was the best tool for detecting AI content that was combined with human text or run through a paraphrasing tool (it caught 60% of these texts).

The information provided is clear: the tool provides a percentage that indicates the likelihood it considers a text to be AI-generated. Additionally, the premium AI check is provided as an add-on to a premium plagiarism check. This dual approach provides comprehensive content assessment.

Users can get a premium AI Detector check for free in combination with a plagiarism check (which costs between $19.95 and $39.95). There’s no word limit, so users can upload as big a document as they want.

Try Scribbr’s premium AI Detector now

QuillBot's AI Detector

  • Highly accurate free tool
  • Detects a high proportion of edited AI texts and up to 100% of GPT-4 texts
  • Gives a percentage
  • No sign-up needed
  • Unlimited number of checks

QuillBot’s free AI Detector received an overall score of 78%. This made it one of the most accurate free tools we tested (alongside Scribbr’s free AI detector). It detected all GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 texts with 100% accuracy, and it had no false positives.

Additionally, it performed above average when used to detect AI content that had been combined with human-written text or altered using a paraphrasing tool (it accurately detected 50% of these texts).

QuillBot’s free AI Detector is quick and easy to use; You can paste in text or upload a file to test it immediately. The information provided is clear: the tool gives a percentage likelihood for text it considers to be AI-generated. However, it doesn’t highlight this text.

The tool is completely free and doesn’t require you to sign-up. It can scan up to 1200 words per check, and there’s no limit to the number of checks users can perform.

Try QuillBot’s Free AI Detector

QuillBot's AI Detector

  • Detects up to 100% of GPT-4 texts and a high proportion of edited AI texts

Scribbr’s free AI Detector had an overall score of 78%, making it one of the most accurate free tools we tested (alongside QuillBot).

The tool detected all GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 texts with 100% accuracy and did not incorrectly label any human-written text as AI-generated. It performed better than most tools when used to detect mixed AI and human-written text or text that had been modified using a paraphrasing tool (it detected 50% of these types of texts correctly).

Scribbr’s free AI Detector is fast and user-friendly. The tool provides clear information, giving a percentage likelihood for text it identifies as AI-generated.

Additionally, it is completely free to use and doesn’t require sign-up. Users can scan up to 500 words per check, and they can perform an unlimited number of checks.

Try Scribbr’s Free AI Detector

Originality.AI

  • High accuracy
  • Detects up to 100% of GPT-4 texts
  • Sometimes detects use of paraphrasing tools
  • Highlights text to indicate likelihood of AI content
  • Costs at least $20
  • Requires sign-up to use
  • Relationship between percentage and highlighting is not very clear

Originality.AI, another premium tool, performed almost as well as Scribbr, but with slightly lower overall accuracy ( 76% ) and one false positive. However, it was the only tool in our testing to detect the use of paraphrasing tools more than half the time (60%); if you’re interested in this kind of detection, Originality is likely the best choice.

Originality gives a percentage likelihood that a text is AI-generated and highlights text in various colors to label it as AI or human. The highlighting doesn’t always have a clear relationship to the percentage shown, though. It’s not fully clear how the user should interpret the two pieces of information.

It’s worth noting that Originality’s pricing is fairly generous at $0.01 per 100 words, but there is a minimum spend of $20. For that price, you get 200,000 words.

Try Originality.AI

Sapling AI detector

  • Quite accurate
  • Low false positive rate
  • No sign-up needed—just paste in text
  • Not clear how to interpret the two different kinds of highlighting

Sapling performed quite well for a free tool, with an overall score of 68% . It detected all GPT-3.5 texts and over half of GPT-4 texts (60%). It also had no false positives and did better than most tools at correctly highlighting the AI content in mixed AI-and-human texts.

Sapling is very quick and straightforward to use. There’s no sign-up required; you just paste in the text you want to check and get an instant result.

You get a percentage score followed by two highlighted versions of the text. It’s not really clear how the user is meant to interpret these two different highlighted texts, since they give different information. The first one is the one that matches the percentage given most closely.

Try Sapling

CopyLeaks AI detector

  • Accurate for a free tool
  • No sign-up required—just paste in text
  • Doesn’t give an overall percentage
  • Information provided is not clearly explained
  • Limits on number of daily checks (even if you sign up)

CopyLeaks is one of the better free tools in terms of accuracy, at 66% (though this is much lower than the 99% claimed on the site). Like Sapling, it found all GPT-3.5 texts and over half of the GPT-4 texts, and it had no false positives.

However, CopyLeaks has some unfortunate downsides in terms of usability. There’s a limit on daily checks, which can be increased (but not removed) by signing up for a free account. Additionally, the results shown are very unclear compared to those of other tools.

Instead of an overall percentage, you just get a highlighted text. When you mouse over part of the text, a percentage is shown, but this is not the overall AI content percentage. It seems likely that this percentage represents the tool’s confidence in its label for that piece of text, but this is a guess—it’s not explained anywhere in the interface. As such, the tool is not user-friendly.

Try CopyLeaks

ZeroGPT

  • Gives a percentage, highlighting, and text assessment
  • Not always clear how text assessment relates to percentage
  • Doesn’t always detect GPT-3.5 texts

ZeroGPT performed quite well for a free tool, with  64%  accuracy overall. It identified four of the five GPT-3.5 texts and three of the five GPT-4 texts. It performed particularly well at finding texts that consisted of paraphrased AI content or mixed AI-and-human content, finding 50% of these texts.

We found the tool straightforward to use. You can just paste in text (or upload a file) to test it immediately, and the results show a text label such as “Your Text is AI/GPT Generated,” a percentage, and text highlighting indicating which parts of the text are most likely AI.

We did find it hard to understand exactly how the text label related to the percentage, since very different percentages would sometimes show the same label, or vice versa . Additionally, the tool did have one false positive, identifying a human-written text as AI.

Try ZeroGPT

GPT-2 Output Detector

  • Below-average accuracy
  • No text highlighting

GPT-2 Output Detector performed slightly below average in our testing, at  58% . It caught the same number of GPT-4 texts as Sapling and CopyLeaks, but it missed one of the GPT-3.5 texts. It had no false positives but was otherwise not very impressive in accuracy terms.

The interface provided is simplistic but clear, and there’s no sign-up required. You simply paste in your text and get percentages representing how much text is “real” and how much “fake.” There’s no text highlighting to indicate which is which, though.

GPT-2 Output Detector is an OK option, but there’s no real reason to use it instead of the more accurate and equally accessible QuillBot.

Try GPT-2 Output Detector

CrossPlag AI detector

CrossPlag performs at the same level of accuracy as GPT-2 Output Detector: 58% (though they got slightly different things wrong, suggesting they’re not using identical technology). Like that tool, it had no false positives and got one of the GPT-3.5 texts wrong.

The information provided is also very similar: just a percentage, without any text highlighting or other information. CrossPlag presents the information in a slightly more attractive interface, but there’s no real difference in terms of content.

Because of this, there’s very little distinguishing these two tools. They’re both middling options for AI detection that are outperformed by other free tools like QuillBot or Scribbr.

Try CrossPlag

GPTZero

  • Provides stats that other tools don’t
  • Highlights text
  • No percentage shown
  • Only seems to give binary judgments

GPTZero is unusual in the way it presents its results. Instead of a percentage, it gives a sentence stating what it detected in your text (e.g., “Your text is likely to be written entirely by AI”). In our testing, it only ever said that a text was entirely AI or entirely human, suggesting it’s unable to detect mixed AI-and-human texts.

Because of these binary judgments, it got the relatively low accuracy score of 52% . The tool does also highlight text to label it AI, but again, we found that it only ever highlighted either the whole text or none of it.

Further stats— perplexity and burstiness —are shown, but these are not likely to be helpful to the average user, and it’s unclear how exactly they relate to the judgment. While GPTZero is straightforward to use, we found the information it provided to be inadequate and not very accurate.

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Writer AI detector

  • Often fails to load results
  • Very low accuracy
  • Struggles to detect GPT-4 texts
  • Low character limit

The AI detector on Writer’s website didn’t work very well for us. On our first attempt, the results consistently failed to load, making the tool useless. When we tried again a few days later, results did usually load correctly, although they still failed every few checks, requiring a lot of retries.

When the tool was working, its results were still some of the least accurate we saw, at  38% . While it had no false positives, it detected none of the GPT-4 texts and only 70% of the GPT-3.5 texts. Its ability to detect paraphrased or mixed AI texts was the worst of all the tools we tested.

In terms of the information shown, Writer provides a percentage of “human-generated content” but no highlighting to indicate what content has been labeled AI. It also has a character limit of 1,500, the lowest of the tools we tested. We don’t recommend this tool.

OpenAI AI detector

  • Quick and straightforward to use
  • Very vague results, with no percentage or highlighting
  • Sign-up required (same account as ChatGPT)

Although it was developed by OpenAI, the company behind ChatGPT itself, we found that the AI Text Classifier did not provide enough information to be useful. It doesn’t give a percentage or any kind of highlighting, just a statement that the text is very unlikely/unlikely/unclear if it is/possibly/likely AI-generated.

The overall accuracy of the tool was  38% , the same as that of Writer. However, unlike Writer, it did unfortunately have one false positive—a significant problem if you want to use the tool to assess student submissions, for example.

Though the AI Text Classifier is free, it’s necessary to sign up for an OpenAI account to use it. If you’ve already signed up for ChatGPT, then you can sign in with the same account. Regardless, we don’t recommend relying on this tool; the information provided is inadequate, and its accuracy is low.

Try AI Text Classifier

To carry out this research, we first selected 12 AI detectors that currently show up prominently in search results. We looked mostly at free tools but also included two premium tools with reputations for high accuracy.

We tested all 12 tools with the same texts and the same scoring system for accuracy. The usability and pricing of the tools are discussed in the individual reviews but were not included in the scoring system, which is based purely on accuracy and the number of false positives.

Testing texts

In our testing, we used six categories of texts, with five texts in each category and therefore a total of 30 texts . Each text was between 1,000 and 1,500 characters long (AI detectors are usually inaccurate with texts any shorter than this). The categories were:

  • Completely human-written texts
  • Texts generated by GPT-3.5 (from ChatGPT)
  • Texts generated by GPT-4 (from ChatGPT)
  • Parts of the human-written texts, combined with GPT-3.5 text (from ChatGPT)
  • The GPT-3.5 texts, but paraphrased by QuillBot
  • The human-written texts, but paraphrased by QuillBot

The human-written texts were all on different topics—two quite technical specialist topics and three more general topics —and from different kinds of publication:

  • A thesis introduction about chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  • An academic report about artificial intelligence
  • A Wikipedia article about the French Revolution
  • An online article about Romanticism
  • An analysis article about gun control in the US

To make the comparison as fair as possible, all other texts were on the same five topics (e.g., we prompted ChatGPT to “Write a college essay about the French Revolution”). We used the same prompts for the GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 texts, and we used the same settings for all QuillBot paraphrasing (“Standard” mode, maximum number of synonyms).

You can see all the testing texts in the document below, including links to the sources of the human-written texts:

Accuracy scoring

For each scan, we gave one of the following scores:

  • 1: Accurately labeled the text as AI or human ( within 15% of the right answer)
  • 0.5: Not entirely wrong, but not fully accurate ( within 40% of the right answer)
  • 0:  Completely wrong ( not within 40% of the right answer)

For example, if a text is 50% AI-generated, then a tool gets 1 for labeling it 55% AI, 0.5 for labeling it 27%, and 0 for labeling it 2% (or 98%). When a tool didn’t show a percentage, we converted the information it did give into a percentage (e.g., OpenAI’s “likely” label = 81–100%).

These scores were added up and turned into accuracy percentages. H owever, we excluded the paraphrased human-written texts from this score. So a tool that scored 1 for every text (excluding paraphrased human texts) would have a 100% accuracy score. 

We excluded these texts because AI detectors are not really designed to detect paraphrasing tools, only purely AI-generated text. It’s interesting to investigate whether they can sometimes detect these tools anyway, but it’s not fair to include this in the score.

The scores indicated in the table at the start are:

  • Accuracy (as defined above)
  • False positives:  How many of the five purely human-written texts are wrongly flagged as AI
  • Star rating:  The accuracy percentage, turned into a score out of 5, with 0.1 subtracted for each false positive

AI detectors aim to identify the presence of AI-generated text (e.g., from ChatGPT ) in a piece of writing, but they can’t do so with complete accuracy. In our comparison of the best AI detectors , we found that the 10 tools we tested had an average accuracy of 60%. The best free tool had 68% accuracy, the best premium tool 84%.

Because of how AI detectors work , they can never guarantee 100% accuracy, and there is always at least a small risk of false positives (human text being marked as AI-generated). Therefore, these tools should not be relied upon to provide absolute proof that a text is or isn’t AI-generated. Rather, they can provide a good indication in combination with other evidence.

Tools called AI detectors are designed to label text as AI-generated or human. AI detectors work by looking for specific characteristics in the text, such as a low level of randomness in word choice and sentence length. These characteristics are typical of AI writing, allowing the detector to make a good guess at when text is AI-generated.

But these tools can’t guarantee 100% accuracy. Check out our comparison of the best AI detectors to learn more.

You can also manually watch for clues that a text is AI-generated—for example, a very different style from the writer’s usual voice or a generic, overly polite tone.

No, it’s not a good idea to do so in general—first, because it’s normally considered plagiarism or academic dishonesty to represent someone else’s work as your own (even if that “someone” is an AI language model). Even if you cite ChatGPT , you’ll still be penalized unless this is specifically allowed by your university . Institutions may use AI detectors to enforce these rules.

Second, ChatGPT can recombine existing texts, but it cannot really generate new knowledge. And it lacks specialist knowledge of academic topics. Therefore, it is not possible to obtain original research results, and the text produced may contain factual errors.

However, you can usually still use ChatGPT for assignments in other ways, as a source of inspiration and feedback.

Cite this Scribbr article

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AI content detector

Use our free AI detector to check up to 5,000 words, and decide if you want to make adjustments before you publish. Read the disclaimer first.

AI content detection is only available in the Writer app as an API . Find out more in our help center article .

Student Creates App to Detect Essays Written by AI

In response to the text-generating bot ChatGPT, the new tool measures sentence complexity and variation to predict whether an author was human

Margaret Osborne

Margaret Osborne

Daily Correspondent

a student works at a laptop

In November, artificial intelligence company OpenAI released a powerful new bot called ChatGPT, a free tool that can generate text about a variety of topics based on a user’s prompts. The AI quickly captivated users across the internet, who asked it to write anything from song lyrics in the style of a particular artist to programming code.

But the technology has also sparked concerns of AI plagiarism among teachers, who have seen students use the app to write their assignments and claim the work as their own. Some professors have shifted their curricula because of ChatGPT, replacing take-home essays with in-class assignments, handwritten papers or oral exams, reports Kalley Huang for the New York Times . 

“[ChatGPT] is very much coming up with original content,” Kendall Hartley , a professor of educational training at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, tells Scripps News . “So, when I run it through the services that I use for plagiarism detection, it shows up as a zero.” 

Now, a student at Princeton University has created a new tool to combat this form of plagiarism: an app that aims to determine whether text was written by a human or AI. Twenty-two-year-old Edward Tian developed the app, called GPTZero , while on winter break and unveiled it on January 2. Within the first week of its launch, more than 30,000 people used the tool, per NPR ’s Emma Bowman. On Twitter, it has garnered more than 7 million views. 

GPTZero uses two variables to determine whether the author of a particular text is human: perplexity, or how complex the writing is, and burstiness, or how variable it is. Text that’s more complex with varied sentence length tends to be human-written, while prose that is more uniform and familiar to GPTZero tends to be written by AI.

But the app, while almost always accurate, isn’t foolproof. Tian tested it out using BBC articles and text generated by AI when prompted with the same headline. He tells BBC News ’ Nadine Yousif that the app determined the difference with a less than 2 percent false positive rate.

“This is at the same time a very useful tool for professors, and on the other hand a very dangerous tool—trusting it too much would lead to exacerbation of the false flags,” writes one GPTZero user, per the Guardian ’s Caitlin Cassidy. 

Tian is now working on improving the tool’s accuracy, per NPR. And he’s not alone in his quest to detect plagiarism. OpenAI is also working on ways that ChatGPT’s text can easily be identified. 

“We don’t want ChatGPT to be used for misleading purposes in schools or anywhere else,” a spokesperson for the company tells the Washington Post ’s Susan Svrluga in an email, “We’re already developing mitigations to help anyone identify text generated by that system.” One such idea is a watermark , or an unnoticeable signal that accompanies text written by a bot.

Tian says he’s not against artificial intelligence, and he’s even excited about its capabilities, per BBC News. But he wants more transparency surrounding when the technology is used. 

“A lot of people are like … ‘You’re trying to shut down a good thing we’ve got going here!’” he tells the Post . “That’s not the case. I am not opposed to students using AI where it makes sense. … It’s just we have to adopt this technology responsibly.”

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Margaret Osborne

Margaret Osborne | | READ MORE

Margaret Osborne is a freelance journalist based in the southwestern U.S. Her work has appeared in the  Sag Harbor Express  and has aired on  WSHU Public Radio.

Turnitin's AI writing detection available now

Turnitin’s ai writing detection helps educators, publishers and researchers identify when ai writing tools such as chatgpt may have been used in submitted work..

robot essay detector

Academic integrity in the age of AI writing

Over the years, academic integrity has been both supported and tested by technology. Today, educators are facing a new frontier with AI writing and ChatGPT.

Here at Turnitin, we believe that AI can be a positive force that, when used responsibly, has the potential to support and enhance the learning process. We also believe that equitable access to AI tools is vital, which is why we’re working with students and educators to develop technology that can support and enhance the learning process. However, it is important to acknowledge new challenges alongside the opportunities.

We recognize that for educators, there is an immediate need to know when and where AI and AI writing tools have been used by students. This is why we are now offering AI detection capabilities for educators in our products.

Gain insights on how much of a student’s submission is authentic, human writing versus AI-generated from ChatGPT or other tools.

Reporting identifies likely AI-written text and provides information educators need to determine their next course of action. We’ve designed our solution with educators, for educators.

AI writing detection complements Turnitin’s similarity checking workflow and is integrated with your LMS, providing a seamless, familiar experience.

Turnitin’s AI writing detection capability available with Originality, helps educators identify AI-generated content in student work while safeguarding the interests of students.

Turnitin ai innovation lab.

Welcome to the Turnitin AI Innovation Lab, a hub for new and upcoming product developments in the area of AI writing. You can follow our progress on detection initiatives for AI writing, ChatGPT, and AI-paraphrasing.

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Understanding the false positive rate for sentences of our AI writing detection capability

We’d like to share more insight on our sentence level false positive rate and tips on how to use our AI writing detection metrics.

robot essay detector

Understanding false positives within our AI writing detection capabilities

We’d like to share some insight on how our AI detection model deals with false positives and what constitutes a false positive.

Have questions? Read these FAQs on Turnitin’s AI writing detection capabilities

Helping solve the ai writing puzzle one piece at a time.

AI-generated writing has transformed every aspect of our lives, including the classroom. However, identifying AI writing in students’ submissions is just one piece in the broader, complex, ever-evolving AI writing puzzle.

Helping solve the AI writing puzzle one piece at a time

Research corner

We regularly undertake internal research to ensure our AI writing detector stays accurate and up-to-date. If you are interested in what external testing has revealed about Turnitin's AI-writing detection capabilities, check out the links below. Notably, these studies position Turnitin among the foremost solutions in identifying AI-generated content within academia.

Research shows Turnitin's AI detector shows no statistically significant bias against English Language Learners

  • In response to feedback from customers and papers claiming that AI writing detection tools are biased against writers whose first language is not English, Turnitin expanded its false positive evaluation to include writing samples of English Language Learners (ELL) and tested another nearly 2,000 writing samples of ELL writers.
  • What Turnitin found was that in documents meeting the 300 word count requirement, ELL writers received a 0.014 false positive rate and native English writers received a 0.013.
  • This means that there is no statistically significant bias against non-native English speakers.

Turnitin’s AI writing detector identified as the most accurate out of 16 detectors tested

  • Two of the 16 detectors, Turnitin and Copyleaks, correctly identified the AI- or human-generated status of all 126 documents, with no incorrect or uncertain responses.
  • Three AI text detectors – Turnitin, Originality, and Copyleaks, – have very high accuracy with all three sets of documents examined for this study: GPT-3.5 papers, GPT-4 papers, and human-generated papers.
  • Of the top three detectors identified in this investigation, Turnitin achieved very high accuracy in all five previous evaluations. Copyleaks, included in four earlier analyses, performed well in three of them.

Teaching in the age of AI writing

As AI text generators like ChatGPT quickly evolve, our educator resources will, too. Curated and created by our team of veteran educators, our resources help educators meet these new challenges. They are built for professional learning and outline steps educators can take immediately to guide students in maintaining academic integrity when faced with AI writing tools.

robot essay detector

A guide to help educators determine which resource is more applicable to their instructional situation: the AI misuse checklist or the AI misuse rubric.

robot essay detector

A guide sharing strategies educators can consider to help when confronted with a false positive.

robot essay detector

A guide sharing strategies students can consider to help when confronted with a false positive.

The Turnitin Educator Network is a space to meet, discuss and share best practices on academic integrity in the age of AI.

Learn more about ai writing in our blog.

Written by experts in the field, educators, and Turnitin professionals, our blog offers resources and thought leadership in support of students, instructors, and administrators. Dive into articles on a variety of important topics, including academic integrity, assessment, and instruction in a world with artificial intelligence.

robot essay detector

In this blog post, we’re going to address frequently asked questions about AI writing tool misuse for students. Specifically, what does AI writing tool misuse look like? How can you self-check to make sure you’re using AI writing tools properly?

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Stay up to date with the latest blog posts delivered directly to your inbox.

Turnitin ai tools in the news.

Never miss an update or announcement. Visit our media center for recent news coverage and press releases.

Cheat GPT? Turnitin CEO Chris Caren weighs in on combating A.I. plagiarism | CNBC Squawk Box

Since the inception of AI-generated writing, educators and institutions are learning how to navigate it in the classroom. Turnitin’s CEO Chris Caren joins ‘Squawk Box’ to discuss how it is being used in the classroom and how educators can identify AI writing in student submissions.

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Trouble viewing? View the video on YouTube or adjust your cookie preferences .

Some U.S. schools banning AI technology while others embrace it | NBC Nightly News

ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence program, can write college-level essays in seconds. While some school districts are banning it due to cheating concerns, NBC News’ Jacob Ward has details on why some teachers are embracing the technology.

robot essay detector

BestColleges

Artificial intelligence, it seems, is taking over the world. At least that's what alarmists would have you believe . The line between fact and fiction continues to blur, and recognizing what is real versus what some bot concocted grows increasingly difficult with each passing week.

ThriveinEDU Podcast

On this episode of the ThriveinEDU podcast, host Rachelle Dené Poth speaks with Turnitin’s Chief Product Officer Annie Chechitelli about her role in the organization, her experience as a parent with school-age children learning to navigate AI writing, and the future of education and original thought.

District Administration

Following the one year anniversary of the public launch of ChatGPT, Chief Product Officer Annie Chechitelli sits down with the publication to discuss Turnitin’s AI writing detection feature and what the educational community has learned.

For press and media inquiries, contact us at [email protected]

Awards & recognition.

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Let’s innovate together

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For teachers

More than an AI detector Preserve What's Human

Since inventing AI detection, GPTZero incorporates the latest research in detecting ChatGPT, GPT4, Google-Gemini, LLaMa, and new AI models, and investigating their sources.

awesome people using GPTZero

Was this text written by a human or AI ?

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Our Commitment as the Leader in AI detection

Internationally recognized as the leader in AI detection, we set the standard for responding to AI-generated content with precision and reliability.

The First in Detection

GPTZero developed the first public open AI detector in 2022. We are first in terms of reliability and first to help when it matters.

Results You Can Trust

AI detection is more than accuracy. GPTZero was the first to invent sentence highlighting for interpretability. Today, our AI report is unique in explaining why AI was flagged.

Best In-Class Benchmarking

GPTZero partners with Penn State for independent benchmarking that continues to show best-in-class accuracy and reliability across AI models.

Cutting Edge Research

Top PHD and AI researchers from Princeton, Caltech, MILA, Vector, and OpenAI work with GPTZero to ensure your solution is the most up to date.

Debiased AI Detection

Our research team worked on Stanford University AI data to address AI biases, launching the first de-biased AI detection model in July 2023.

Military Grade Security

We uphold the highest data security standards with SOC-2 and SOC-3 certifications, meeting rigorous security benchmarks.

Discover our Detection Dashboard

Our dashboard was developed specifically with educator's needs in mind. Access a premium model with highest grade fidelity and interpretability.

Access a deeper scan with unprecedented levels of AI text analysis.

Source scanning

Scan documents for plagiarism and our AI copyright check.

Easily scan dozens of files at once, organize, save, and download reports.

Leading research in AI content detection modeling

Our AI detection model contains 7 components that process text to determine if it was written by AI. We utilize a multi-step approach that aims to produce predictions that reach maximum accuracy, with the least false positives. Our model specializes in detecting content from Chat GPT, GPT 4, Gemini, Claude and LLaMa models.

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Unlock More of GPTZero

Origin chrome extension.

Use our AI detection tool as you browse the internet for AI content. Create a Writing Report on Google Docs to view statistics about your writing.

writing report

With our writing report, you are able to see behind the scenes of a google doc, including writing statistics, AI content, and a video of your writing process.

AI detection API

We built an easy to use API for organizations to detect AI content. Integrate GPTZero’s AI detection abilities into your own tools and workflow.

AI Text Detection and Analysis Trusted by Leading Organizations

Gptzero reviews.

GPTZero was the only consistent performer, classifying AI-generated text correctly. As for the rest … not so much.

GPTZero has been incomparably more accurate than any of the other AI checkers. For me, it’s the best solution to build trust with my clients.

This tool is a magnifying glass to help teachers get a closer look behind the scenes of a document, ultimately creating a better exchange of ideas that can help kids learn.

The granular detail provided by GPTZero allows administrators to observe AI usage across the institution. This data is helping guide us on what type of education, parameters, and policies need to be in place to promote an innovative and healthy use of AI.

After talking to the class, each student we compiled with GPTZero as possibly using AI ended up telling us they did, which made us extremely confident in GPTZero’s capabilities.

Sign up for GPTZero. Its feedback aligns well with my sense of what is going on in the writing - almost line-for-line.

I'm a huge fan of the writing reports that let me verify my documents are human-written. The writing video, in particular, is a great way to visualize the writing process!

Excellent chrome extension. I ran numerous tests on human written content and the results were 100% accurate.

Outstanding! This is an extraordinary tool to not only assess the end result but to view the real-time process it took to write the document.

GPTZero is the best AI detection tool for teachers and educators.

General FAQs about our AI Detector

Everything you need to know about GPTZero and our chat gpt detector. Can’t find an answer? You can talk to our customer service team .

What is GPTZero?

GPTZero is the leading AI detector for checking whether a document was written by a large language model such as ChatGPT. GPTZero detects AI on sentence, paragraph, and document level. Our model was trained on a large, diverse corpus of human-written and AI-generated text, with a focus on English prose. To date, GPTZero has served over 2.5 million users around the world, and works with over 100 organizations in education, hiring, publishing, legal, and more.

How do I use GPTZero?

Simply paste in the text you want to check, or upload your file, and we'll return an overall detection for your document, as well as sentence-by-sentence highlighting of sentences where we've detected AI. Unlike other detectors, we help you interpret the results with a description of the result, instead of just returning a number.

To get the power of our AI detector for larger texts, or a batch of files, sign up for a free account on our  Dashboard .

If you want to run the AI detector as your browse, you can download our  Chrome Extension, Origin , which allows you to scan the entire page in one click.

When should I use GPTZero?

Our users have seen the use of AI-generated text proliferate into education, certification, hiring and recruitment, social writing platforms, disinformation, and beyond. We've created GPTZero as a tool to highlight the possible use of AI in writing text. In particular, we focus on classifying AI use in prose.

Overall, our classifier is intended to be used to flag situations in which a conversation can be started (for example, between educators and students) to drive further inquiry and spread awareness of the risks of using AI in written work.

Does GPTZero only detect ChatGPT outputs?

No, GPTZero works robustly across a range of AI language models, including but not limited to ChatGPT, GPT-4, GPT-3, GPT-2, LLaMA, and AI services based on those models.

Why GPTZero over other detection models?

  • GPTZero is the most accurate AI detector across use-cases, verified by multiple independent sources, including TechCrunch, which called us the best and most reliable AI detector after testing seven others.
  • GPTZero builds and constantly improves our own technology. In our competitor analysis, we found that not only does GPTZero perform better, some competitor services are actually just forwarding the outputs of free, open-source models without additional training.
  • In contrast to many other models, GPTZero is finetuned for student writing and academic prose. By doing so, we've seen large improvements in accuracies for this use-case.

What are the limitations of the classifier?

The nature of AI-generated content is changing constantly. As such, these results should not be used to punish students. We recommend educators to use our behind-the-scene Writing Reports as part of a holistic assessment of student work. There always exist edge cases with both instances where AI is classified as human, and human is classified as AI. Instead, we recommend educators take approaches that give students the opportunity to demonstrate their understanding in a controlled environment and craft assignments that cannot be solved with AI .

The accuracy of our model increases as more text is submitted to the model. As such, the accuracy of the model on the document-level classification will be greater than the accuracy on the paragraph-level, which is greater than the accuracy on the sentence level.

The accuracy of our model also increases for text similar in nature to our dataset. While we train on a highly diverse set of human and AI-generated text, the majority of our dataset is in English prose, written by adults.

Our classifier is not trained to identify AI-generated text after it has been heavily modified after generation (although we estimate this is a minority of the uses for AI-generation at the moment).

Currently, our classifier can sometimes flag other machine-generated or highly procedural text as AI-generated, and as such, should be used on more descriptive portions of text.

What can I do as an educator to reduce the risk of AI misuse?

  • Help students understand the risks of using AI in their work (to learn more, see this article ), and value of learning to express themselves. For example, in real-life, real-time collaboration, pitching, and debate, how does your class improve their ability to communicate when AI is not available?
  • Ask students to write about personal experiences and how they relate to the text, or reflect on their learning experience in your class.
  • Ask students to critique the default answer given by Chat GPT to your question.
  • Require that students cite real, primary sources of information to back up their specific claims, or ask them to write about recent events.
  • Assess students based on a live discussion with their peers, and use peer assessment tools (such as the one provided by our partner, Peerceptiv ).
  • Ask students to complete their assignments in class or in an interactive way, and shift lectures to be take-home.
  • Ask students to produce multiple drafts of their work that they can revise as peers or through the educator, to help students understand that assignments are meant to teach a learning process.
  • Ask students to produce work in a medium that is difficult to generate, such as powerpoint presentations, visual displays, videos, or audio recordings.
  • Set expectations for your students that you will be checking the work through an AI detector like GPTZero, to deter misuse of AI.

I'm an educator who has found AI-generated text by my students. What do I do?

Firstly, at GPTZero, we don't believe that any AI detector is perfect. There always exist edge cases with both instances where AI is classified as human, and human is classified as AI. Nonetheless, we recommend that educators can do the following when they get a positive detection:

  • Ask students to demonstrate their understanding in a controlled environment, whether that is through an in-person assessment, or through an editor that can track their edit history (for instance, using our Writing Reports through Google Docs). Check out our list of several recommendations on types of assignments that are difficult to solve with AI.
  • Ask the student if they can produce artifacts of their writing process, whether it is drafts, revision histories, or brainstorming notes. For example, if the editor they used to write the text has an edit history (such as Google Docs), and it was typed out with several edits over a reasonable period of time, it is likely the student work is authentic. You can use GPTZero's Writing Reports to replay the student's writing process, and view signals that indicate the authenticity of the work.
  • See if there is a history of AI-generated text in the student's work. We recommend looking for a long-term pattern of AI use, as opposed to a single instance, in order to determine whether the student is using AI.

What data did you train your model on?

Our model is trained on millions of documents spanning various domains of writing including creating writing, scientific writing, blogs, news articles, and more. We test our models on a never-before-seen set of human and AI articles from a section of our large-scale dataset, in addition to a smaller set of challenging articles that are outside its training distribution.

How do I use and interpret the results from your API?

To see the full schema and try examples yourself, check out our  API documentation.

Our API returns a document_classification field which indicates the most likely classification of the document. The possible values are HUMAN_ONLY , MIXED , and AI_ONLY . We also provide a probability for each classification, which is returned in the class_probabilities field. The keys for this field are human , ai or mixed . To get the probability for the most likely classification, the predicted_class field can be used. The class probability corresponding to the predicted class can be interpreted as the chance that the detector is correct in its classification. I.e. 90% means that 90% of the time on similar documents our detector is correct in the prediction it makes. Lastly, each prediction comes with a confidence_category field, which can be high , medium , or low . Confidence categories are tuned such that when the confidence_category field is high 99.1% of human articles are classified as human, and 98.4% of AI articles are classified as AI.

Additionally, we highlight sentences that been detected to be written by AI. API users can access this highlighting through the highlight_sentence_for_ai field. The sentence-level classification should not be solely used to indicate that an essay contains AI (such as ChatGPT plagiarism). Rather, when a document gets a MIXED or AI_ONLY classification, the highlighted sentence will indicate where in the document we believe this occurred.

Are you storing data from API calls?

No. We do not store or collect the documents passed into any calls to our API. We wanted to be overly cautious on the side of storing data from any organizations using our API. However, we do store inputs from calls made from our dashboard. This data is only used in aggregate by GPTZero to further improve the service for our users. You can refer to our privacy policy for more details.

How do I cite GPTZero for an academic paper?

You can use the following bibtex citation:

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A new tool helps teachers detect if AI wrote an assignment

Janet W. Lee headshot

Janet W. Lee

Several big school districts such as New York and Los Angeles have blocked access to a new chatbot that uses artificial intelligence to produce essays. One student has a new tool to help.

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How to spot AI-generated text

The internet is increasingly awash with text written by AI software. We need new tools to detect it.

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This sentence was written by an AI—or was it? OpenAI’s new chatbot, ChatGPT, presents us with a problem: How will we know whether what we read online is written by a human or a machine?

Since it was released in late November, ChatGPT has been used by over a million people. It has the AI community enthralled, and it is clear the internet is increasingly being flooded with AI-generated text. People are using it to come up with jokes, write children’s stories, and craft better emails. 

ChatGPT is OpenAI’s spin-off of its large language model GPT-3 , which generates remarkably human-sounding answers to questions that it’s asked. The magic—and danger—of these large language models lies in the illusion of correctness. The sentences they produce look right—they use the right kinds of words in the correct order. But the AI doesn’t know what any of it means. These models work by predicting the most likely next word in a sentence. They haven’t a clue whether something is correct or false, and they confidently present information as true even when it is not. 

In an already polarized, politically fraught online world, these AI tools could further distort the information we consume. If they are rolled out into the real world in real products, the consequences could be devastating. 

We’re in desperate need of ways to differentiate between human- and AI-written text in order to counter potential misuses of the technology, says Irene Solaiman, policy director at AI startup Hugging Face, who used to be an AI researcher at OpenAI and studied AI output detection for the release of GPT-3’s predecessor GPT-2. 

New tools will also be crucial to enforcing bans on AI-generated text and code, like the one recently announced by Stack Overflow, a website where coders can ask for help. ChatGPT can confidently regurgitate answers to software problems, but it’s not foolproof. Getting code wrong can lead to buggy and broken software, which is expensive and potentially chaotic to fix. 

A spokesperson for Stack Overflow says that the company’s moderators are “examining thousands of submitted community member reports via a number of tools including heuristics and detection models” but would not go into more detail. 

In reality, it is incredibly difficult, and the ban is likely almost impossible to enforce.

Today’s detection tool kit

There are various ways researchers have tried to detect AI-generated text. One common method is to use software to analyze different features of the text—for example, how fluently it reads, how frequently certain words appear, or whether there are patterns in punctuation or sentence length. 

“If you have enough text, a really easy cue is the word ‘the’ occurs too many times,” says Daphne Ippolito, a senior research scientist at Google Brain, the company’s research unit for deep learning. 

Because large language models work by predicting the next word in a sentence, they are more likely to use common words like “the,” “it,” or “is” instead of wonky, rare words. This is exactly the kind of text that automated detector systems are good at picking up, Ippolito and a team of researchers at Google found in research they published in 2019.

But Ippolito’s study also showed something interesting: the human participants tended to think this kind of “clean” text looked better and contained fewer mistakes, and thus that it must have been written by a person. 

In reality, human-written text is riddled with typos and is incredibly variable, incorporating different styles and slang, while “language models very, very rarely make typos. They’re much better at generating perfect texts,” Ippolito says. 

“A typo in the text is actually a really good indicator that it was human written,” she adds. 

Large language models themselves can also be used to detect AI-generated text. One of the most successful ways to do this is to retrain the model on some texts written by humans, and others created by machines, so it learns to differentiate between the two, says Muhammad Abdul-Mageed, who is the Canada research chair in natural-language processing and machine learning at the University of British Columbia and has studied detection . 

Scott Aaronson, a computer scientist at the University of Texas on secondment as a researcher at OpenAI for a year, meanwhile, has been developing watermarks for longer pieces of text generated by models such as GPT-3—“an otherwise unnoticeable secret signal in its choices of words, which you can use to prove later that, yes, this came from GPT,” he writes in his blog. 

A spokesperson for OpenAI confirmed that the company is working on watermarks, and said its policies state that users should clearly indicate text generated by AI “in a way no one could reasonably miss or misunderstand.” 

But these technical fixes come with big caveats. Most of them don’t stand a chance against the latest generation of AI language models, as they are built on GPT-2 or other earlier models. Many of these detection tools work best when there is a lot of text available; they will be less efficient in some concrete use cases, like chatbots or email assistants, which rely on shorter conversations and provide less data to analyze. And using large language models for detection also requires powerful computers, and access to the AI model itself, which tech companies don’t allow, Abdul-Mageed says. 

The bigger and more powerful the model, the harder it is to build AI models to detect what text is written by a human and what isn’t, says Solaiman. 

“What’s so concerning now is that [ChatGPT has] really impressive outputs. Detection models just can’t keep up. You’re playing catch-up this whole time,” she says. 

Training the human eye

There is no silver bullet for detecting AI-written text, says Solaiman. “A detection model is not going to be your answer for detecting synthetic text in the same way that a safety filter is not going to be your answer for mitigating biases,” she says. 

To have a chance of solving the problem, we’ll need improved technical fixes and more transparency around when humans are interacting with an AI, and people will need to learn to spot the signs of AI-written sentences. 

“What would be really nice to have is a plug-in to Chrome or to whatever web browser you’re using that will let you know if any text on your web page is machine generated,” Ippolito says.

Some help is already out there. Researchers at Harvard and IBM developed a tool called Giant Language Model Test Room (GLTR), which supports humans by highlighting passages that might have been generated by a computer program. 

But AI is already fooling us. Researchers at Cornell University found that people found fake news articles generated by GPT-2 credible about 66% of the time. 

Another study found that untrained humans were able to correctly spot text generated by GPT-3 only at a level consistent with random chance.  

The good news is that people can be trained to be better at spotting AI-generated text, Ippolito says. She built a game to test how many sentences a computer can generate before a player catches on that it’s not human, and found that people got gradually better over time. 

“If you look at lots of generative texts and you try to figure out what doesn’t make sense about it, you can get better at this task,” she says. One way is to pick up on implausible statements, like the AI saying it takes 60 minutes to make a cup of coffee.

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Reece Rogers

How to Detect AI-Generated Text, According to Researchers

AI-generated text, from tools like ChatGPT, is starting to impact daily life. Teachers are testing it out as  part of classroom lessons . Marketers are champing at the bit to  replace their interns . Memers are going  buck wild . Me? It would be a lie to say I’m not a  little anxious about the robots coming for my writing gig. ( ChatGPT , luckily, can’t hop on Zoom calls and conduct interviews just yet.)

With generative AI tools now publicly accessible, you’ll likely encounter more synthetic content while surfing the web. Some instances might be benign, like an  auto-generated BuzzFeed quiz about which deep-fried dessert matches your political beliefs. ( Are you Democratic beignet or a Republican zeppole? ) Other instances could be more sinister, like a sophisticated propaganda campaign from a foreign government.

Academic researchers are looking into ways to detect whether a string of words was generated by a program like ChatGPT. Right now, what’s a decisive indicator that whatever you’re reading was spun up with AI assistance?

A lack of surprise.

Algorithms with the ability to mimic the patterns of natural writing have been around for a few more years than you might realize. In 2019, Harvard and the MIT-IBM Watson AI Lab  released an experimental tool that scans text and highlights words based on their level of randomness.

Why would this be helpful? An AI text generator is fundamentally a mystical pattern machine: superb at mimicry, weak at throwing curve balls. Sure, when you type an email to your boss or send a group text to some friends, your tone and cadence may feel predictable, but there's an underlying capricious quality to our human style of communication.

Edward Tian, a student at Princeton,  went viral earlier this year with a similar, experimental tool, called  GPTZero , targeted at educators. It gauges the likeliness that a piece of content was generated by ChatGPT based on its “perplexity” (aka randomness) and “burstiness” (aka variance). OpenAI, which is behind ChatGPT, dropped  another tool made to scan text that’s over 1,000 characters long and make a judgment call. The company is up-front about the tool’s limitations, like false positives and limited efficacy outside English. Just as English-language data is often of the highest priority to those behind AI text generators, most tools for AI-text detection are currently best suited to benefit English speakers.

Could you sense if a news article was composed, at least in part, by AI? “These AI generative texts, they can never do the job of a journalist like you Reece,” says Tian. It’s a kind-hearted sentiment. CNET, a tech-focused website, published multiple  articles written by algorithms and dragged across the finish line by a human. ChatGPT, for the moment, lacks a certain chutzpah, and it occasionally hallucinates , which could be an issue for reliable reporting. Everyone knows qualified journalists save the psychedelics for after-hours.

While these detection tools are helpful for now, Tom Goldstein, a computer science professor at the  University of Maryland , sees a future where they become less effective, as natural language processing grows more sophisticated. “These kinds of detectors rely on the fact that there are systematic differences between human text and machine text,” says Goldstein. “But the goal of these companies is to make machine text that is as close as possible to human text.” Does this mean all hope of synthetic media detection is lost? Absolutely not.

Goldstein worked on a  recent paper researching possible watermark methods that could be built into the large language models powering AI text generators. It’s not foolproof, but it’s a fascinating idea. Remember, ChatGPT tries to predict the next likely word in a sentence and compares multiple options during the process. A watermark might be able to designate certain word patterns to be off-limits for the AI text generator. So, when the text is scanned and the watermark rules are broken multiple times, it indicates a human being likely banged out that masterpiece.

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Micah Musser, a research analyst at Georgetown University’s  Center for Security and Emerging Technology , expresses skepticism about whether this watermarking style will actually work as intended. Wouldn’t a bad actor try to get their hands on a non-watermarked version of the generator? Musser contributed to a  paper studying mitigation tactics to counteract AI-fueled propaganda. OpenAI and the Stanford Internet Observatory were also part of the research, laying out key examples of potential misuse as well as detection opportunities.

One of the paper’s core ideas for synthetic-text spotting builds off Meta’s 2020 look into the  detection of AI-generated images . Instead of relying on changes made by those in charge of the model, developers and publishers could flick a few drops of poison into their online data and wait for it to be scraped up as part of the big ole data set that AI models are trained on. Then, a computer could attempt to find trace elements of the poisoned, planted content in a model’s output.

The paper acknowledges that the best way to avoid misuse would be to not create these large language models in the first place. And in lieu of going down that path, it posits AI-text detection as a unique predicament: “It seems likely that, even with the use of radioactive training data, detecting synthetic text will remain far more difficult than detecting synthetic image or video content.” Radioactive data is a difficult concept to transpose from images to word combinations. A picture brims with pixels; a Tweet can be 5 words.

What unique qualities are left to human-composed writing? Noah Smith, a professor at the University of Washington and NPL researcher at the  Allen Institute for AI , points out that while the models may appear to be fluent in English, they still lack intentionality. “It really messes with our heads, I think,” Smith says. “Because we've never conceived of what it would mean to have fluency without the rest. Now we know.” In the future, you may need to rely on new tools to determine whether a piece of media is synthetic, but the advice for not writing like a robot will remain the same.

Avoid the rote, and keep it random.

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Isgen is a multilingual-first artificial intelligence company dedicated to promoting transparency by enabling everyone to validate AI-generated content. We provide detailed insights for students, writers, and content developers, highlighting to the word level why a particular piece could be perceived as AI-written, which enables them to evaluate their text, thus ensuring human authorship. As a company, isgen.ai is committed to providing equal access to all, offering the most accurate multi-lingual AI detection solution available in the market today.

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You can assess AI-generated content using our AI Content Detector tool. To do this, simply paste the text directly into the input box, upload a file, or provide a URL to a web page you wish to scan for AI plagiarism. The tool will automatically detect multi-lingual content and use the relevant model for processing.

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Does Isgen only detect Chat-GPT output?

Isgen employs highly complex algorithms and matches the input text with millions of samples. Our AI writing detector has seen outputs from every Large Language Model, i.e., Mistral, Llama, Claude, Gemini/Bard, GPT-3.5, and GPT-4. In addition, we continuously update our algorithm with data from newer models.

Can you detect a combination of human and AI-generated content?

Yes, Isgen's algorithm is developed in such a way that it looks at the input text as a whole, as well as paragraph by paragraph, sentence by sentence and even at the word level. To make a system that has the lowest false positives, we have employed multiple techniques that look at the text from different perspectives, both semantically and syntactically. Thus, any mix of AI and Human text can be easily detected.

I am an educator and have found AI-Generated text in my student's work. Should I penalize the student based on the results?

AI Detectors, including Isgen, are not 100% accurate. There is a possibility of false positives. We have trained our models on millions of pieces of educational content; thus, the possibility of misclassification is very low. However, if a false positive occurs, you can do the following:

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  • There's a possibility that they used AI to develop some ideas or create the first draft. Our models not only detect the written text (syntactically) but also understand how an AI model would structure a certain topic. In such cases, even though the content is largely written by the student and structured according to the AI model's suggestion, it could still be flagged as AI . For such false positives, allow the student to justify their use of AI and if it is within the bounds of the rules permitted by the institution.

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01-25-2023 CONNECTED WORLD

Nonprofits release free tool to detect AI-written student work

The ChatGPT detector comes as educators sound the alarm about students using bots to do their homework.

Nonprofits release free tool to detect AI-written student work

[Source photo: Pixabay /Pexels]

BY  Steven Melendez 2 minute read

As concerns rise about students’ use of generative artificial intelligence like ChatGPT to complete schoolwork, a pair of education nonprofits have created a free system to help teachers detect AI-assisted essays.

The tool, called AI Writing Check , was developed by the writing nonprofits Quill and CommonLit using an open-source AI model designed to detect the output of ChatGPT and related systems. It enables teachers (or anyone else) to copy and paste text and within a few seconds receive a determination on whether the work in question was written by ChatGPT.

AI Writing Check, which the nonprofits began to develop in December, comes as surveys indicate growing concern among teachers over machine-generated essays. Other tools, including one called GPTZero , have also been released recently to detect automated writing. 

“We need to give teachers the tools so they can preserve academic integrity in lessons, because you’re only a seventh grader once,” says CommonLit CEO Michelle Brown. “It could really, really harm students if they go through even one school year not getting a chance to do the heavy lifting we did in seventh grade.”

Concerns about AI-generated academic work include worries about honesty and integrity, with a recent Stanford Daily article explaining the unauthorized use of the tool to do student work is likely a violation of the university’s honor code. Some K-12 school districts, including New York City’s, the largest U.S. public school system, have taken steps to block ChatGPT on school devices and networks , though there’s little they can do to prevent students from accessing the tool and others like it elsewhere. ChatGPT , a free AI tool built by OpenAI, can accurately answer a wide variety of questions in a matter of seconds—including the types of prompts given to students for papers and take-home exams.

AI Writing Check isn’t perfect: The nonprofits estimate that it’s between 80% and 90% accurate, based on a test set of about 15,000 essays, and they emphasize that teachers should take additional steps like comparing suspect work to previous student assignments before assuming a given essay is plagiarized.  

It’s also not likely the last salvo in what’s shaping up to be an arms race of sorts between those using who are using AI to generate text and those, like teachers, employers, and editors, who are looking to spot unauthorized use of such tools. Quill founder and executive director Peter Gault suggests future detection tools might look into the revision logs generated by modern word processing software like Google Docs or Microsoft Word, revealing how essays were crafted rather than just the end product. That’s something recent reports say some educators are already starting to do manually, in some cases even requiring more handwritten work.

“Over time, more sophisticated tools will develop, but right now this is an immediate problem where teachers are looking for solutions,” Gault says, noting that the nonprofits’ philanthropic funding will enable them to reliably support AI Writing Check as a free tool for years to come. Quill and CommonLit have already used AI as a means of giving improved feedback on student writing. 

“We want to make sure,” he says, “that under-resourced schools, schools with limited budgets, have the ability to use these tools, so these will be free.”

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ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Steven Melendez is an independent journalist living in New Orleans.   More

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    The online demo of the GPT-2 output detector model lets you paste text into a box and immediately see the likelihood that the text was written by AI. According to research from OpenAI, the tool ...

  7. WriteHuman: AI Detector and AI Checker

    WriteHuman's analysis begins with scanning your text, where the AI detector examines language patterns and sentence structures. It then compares these elements against characteristics typical of AI-generated and human-written texts, looking for indicators of AI authorship. The final step is a concise score, pinpointing the aspects that suggest ...

  8. Free AI-Powered Essay and Paper Checker—QuillBot AI

    Our free essay checking tool gives your essay one final review of usage, grammar, spelling, and punctuation. You can feel great every time you write an essay. Utilize our AI-powered essay and paper checker for precise analysis and correction. Enhance your writing with our efficient AI essay and paper checker tool.

  9. AI Essay Checker: Free Essay Detector By AHelp

    AHelp free AI Essay Checker provides a straightforward approach to AI detection. First, you need to register on our platform to create your account. Then, all you need is your document. Our tool supports the upload of various file types: from pdf to, DOC, as well as rtf and odt files. You can also just insert the text into the platform's ...

  10. How to Detect Text Written by ChatGPT and Other AI Tools

    2. Writer AI Content Detector. Writer makes an AI writing tool, so it was naturally inclined to create the Writer AI Content Detector. The tool is not robust, but it is direct. You paste a URL or ...

  11. Free AI Detector & ChatGPT Detector

    ChatGPT AI Detector. The first AI chatbot, launched in November 2022, quickly gained users' attention for its detailed responses. However, it often provides inaccurate facts and false answers. Our ChatGPT essay checker can easily detect the use of this technology so that you can be sure what was artificially created with the help of this ...

  12. Best AI Detector

    The best free AI detectors of 2024 are Scribbr and QuillBot, both of which correctly identified 78% of our testing texts. The best paid option is Scribbr, at 84%. ... we prompted ChatGPT to "Write a college essay about the French Revolution"). We used the same prompts for the GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 texts, and we used the same settings for all ...

  13. AI content detector

    AI content detector. Use our free AI detector to check up to 5,000 words, and decide if you want to make adjustments before you publish. Read the disclaimer first.. AI content detection is only available in the Writer app as an API.Find out more in our help center article.

  14. WriteHuman: Undetectable AI and AI Humanizer

    The premier AI detector and AI humanizer, WriteHuman empowers you to take control of your AI privacy. By removing AI detection from popular platforms like Turnitin, ZeroGPT, Writer, and many others, you can confidently submit your content without triggering any alarms. Embrace a new era of seamless content creation. Humanize AI Text.

  15. Student Creates App to Detect Essays Written by AI

    Now, a student at Princeton University has created a new tool to combat this form of plagiarism: an app that aims to determine whether text was written by a human or AI. Twenty-two-year-old Edward ...

  16. AI Writing Detection

    Turnitin's AI writing detector identified as the most accurate out of 16 detectors tested. Two of the 16 detectors, Turnitin and Copyleaks, correctly identified the AI- or human-generated status of all 126 documents, with no incorrect or uncertain responses. Three AI text detectors - Turnitin, Originality, and Copyleaks, - have very high ...

  17. The Trusted AI Detector for ChatGPT, GPT-4, & More

    GPTZero is the leading AI detector for checking whether a document was written by a large language model such as ChatGPT. GPTZero detects AI on sentence, paragraph, and document level. Our model was trained on a large, diverse corpus of human-written and AI-generated text, with a focus on English prose.

  18. A new tool helps teachers detect if AI wrote an assignment

    ChatGPT is a buzzy new AI technology that can write research papers or poems that come out sounding like a real person did the work. You can even train this bot to write the way you do. Some ...

  19. How to spot AI-generated text

    Today's detection tool kit. There are various ways researchers have tried to detect AI-generated text. One common method is to use software to analyze different features of the text—for ...

  20. Free Grammar Checker (no sign-up required)

    Use QuillBot's free online grammar checker tool to perfect your writing by reviewing your text for grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors. Whenever you need to review your writing or grammar check sentences, QuillBot is here to help make the editing process painless. QuillBot's free online sentence corrector helps you avoid mistakes and ...

  21. How to Detect AI-Generated Text, According to Researchers

    One of the paper's core ideas for synthetic-text spotting builds off Meta's 2020 look into the detection of AI-generated images. Instead of relying on changes made by those in charge of the ...

  22. Isgen

    Results. Our models can detect text written by any closed or open-source AI model, including GPT-4, Chat-GPT, Claude AI, Gemini, Microsoft Copilot, LLaMa, Grok, and Mistral. isgen boasts an accuracy of 96.4% on a benchmark where the most used AI Detector tool in the market has an accuracy of 81.22%. Our AI Detection tool provides a false positive ratio of nearly 0%, so you can safely rely on ...

  23. Nonprofits release free tool to detect AI-written student work

    The ChatGPT detector comes as educators sound the alarm about students using bots to do their homework. ... based on a test set of about 15,000 essays, and they emphasize that teachers should take ...