french essay marker

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• French Discourse Markers

French discourse markers are pivotal linguistic tools that enable speakers and writers to organise their thoughts, connect ideas smoothly, and enhance the coherence of their communication. These markers, such as "alors," "donc," and "pourtant," serve various functions including transition, emphasis, comparison, and contradiction, enriching both spoken and written French. Mastering these markers is a key step towards achieving fluency, as they play a crucial role in structuring clear and persuasive discourse in the French language.

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What are French Discourse Markers?

Why are French Discourse Markers important in communication?

Which of the following is a function of French Discourse Markers?

What is the function of the French Discourse Marker 'Alors'?

Which French Discourse Marker is used for clarification or emphasis?

How does 'de plus' function in French conversation?

Why are French Discourse Markers important in language learning?

What is a key strategy for integrating French Discourse Markers into everyday conversation?

How can regular practice with French Discourse Markers be achieved?

What is the significance of mastering French Discourse Markers?

Which is NOT a recommended method for learning French Discourse Markers?

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What Are French Discourse Markers?

French Discourse Markers are an essential aspect of the French language, serving as the glue that holds conversations and texts together. They guide listeners or readers through the flow of communication, indicating shifts in topic, attitude, and structure.

Understanding the French Discourse Markers Definition

French Discourse Markers: Words or phrases used in speech or writing to organize discourse into segments, providing structure and indicating speaker or writer attitudes, transitions, and relationships between ideas.

Often, these markers are inconspicuous yet intrinsic elements within a conversation or piece of writing. They do not alter the core meaning of a sentence but greatly impact the flow and coherence of communication. Without them, conversations and written texts might seem disjointed or abrupt.

For instance, the word 'alors' can be used as a discourse marker to signal a transition or a conclusion. In the sentence, 'Alors, qu'est-ce qu'on fait?' , it sets the stage for a decision or next action.

The Importance of French Discourse Markers in Communication

French Discourse Markers play a pivotal role in both spoken and written French. They enhance clarity, enable smooth transitions, and express the speaker's or writer's attitude. Furthermore, they assist in structuring arguments and highlighting important points, making them indispensable for effective communication.

Here are some key functions that French discourse markers serve in communication:

• Signaling a change in topic.
• Indicating agreement or disagreement.
• Introducing conclusions or summaries.
• Expressing causality or conditionality.
• Injecting personal attitude or emotion.

Understanding the use of discourse markers can also significantly improve one's ability to follow and engage in French conversations. As someone becomes more familiar with these verbal cues, they find it easier to discern the speaker's intentions and react appropriately. This level of comprehension is beneficial not only in everyday interactions but also in academic and professional settings where clear and coherent communication is paramount.

Many French discourse markers have counterparts in English, making their learning somewhat intuitive for English speakers.

Comprehensive French Discourse Markers List

A thorough understanding of French Discourse Markers can significantly enhance your command over the language, making your conversations sound more natural and your writings more cohesive. These markers serve various functions, from linking ideas to expressing emotions or indicating a change in the discussion.

Common French Discourse Markers and Their Meanings

French Discourse Markers are diverse, each serving a unique role in communication. Below is a list of some that are frequently encountered in daily conversations and writing:

Examples of French Discourse Markers

Example: Consider the sentence 'Je suis fatigué, donc je vais me coucher.' Here, 'donc' is used to indicate the result or conclusion drawn from the speaker being tired, which is going to bed. This demonstrates how a discourse marker can succinctly convey the logical flow of thoughts in a conversation.

Another example is the sentence 'Il pleut; alors , je prendrai un parapluie.' . The use of 'alors' here helps transition to the speaker's decision to take an umbrella as a result of it raining.

French Conversation Connectors Explained

Connectors, or linking words, are a subtype of discourse markers that play a crucial role in joining thoughts, sentences, and paragraphs. They ensure the smooth flow of ideas and maintain the coherence of discourse. Understanding these connectors is key to mastering French communication. Here are some commonly used connectors and their purposes:

• Moreover ('De plus') - Adds additional information to what has already been said.
• However ('Cependant') - Introduces an idea in contrast to the preceding sentence.
• Therefore ('Par conséquent') - Indicates a cause-and-effect relationship.
• Similarly ('De même') - Shows how two ideas or things are alike.

One fascinating aspect of French discourse markers is their ability to convey subtle nuances in tone and intention, which might not always be directly translatable to or from other languages. For instance, the use of 'enfin' can vary from showing impatience to admitting a change of heart or softening a disagreement. This adaptability and variance in use highlight the need for contextual understanding beyond literal translations.

Listening to native French speakers and engaging in conversations can accelerate your understanding and application of these discourse markers.

Utilising French Discourse Markers

To effectively harness the power of French Discourse Markers , integrating them into everyday conversation and practice is crucial. These markers are more than linguistic flourishes; they are essential tools for navigating the nuances of the language and enhancing communicative clarity and fluidity.

Integrating French Discourse Markers in Everyday Conversation

Incorporating French Discourse Markers into daily interaction is pivotal for achieving fluency. These markers serve as bridges between thoughts, adding coherence to conversations. The key to mastery lies in understanding their usage and context within the flow of dialogue.

Here's how you can integrate them:

• Begin by identifying situations where a marker can express your intention, such as agreement, disagreement, or transitioning topics.
• Practice using markers in low-pressure situations, like talking to yourself or in casual conversations with peers.
• Record or write down conversations and identify points where discourse markers could enhance clarity or flow.

Example: While recapping your day, you might say, 'Premièrement, j'ai pris le petit déjeuner. Ensuite , je suis allé au travail.' Here, ' ensuite ' smoothly transitions between the two activities, making the narrative more cohesive.

Start with commonly used markers like 'donc' and 'alors' to build confidence before moving on to more nuanced ones.

French Discourse Markers Exercises for Practice

To solidify your grasp of French Discourse Markers , regular practice through exercises is indispensable. These exercises can take various forms, from fill-in-the-blank sentences to creating your own passages using specific markers.

Exercise: Fill in the blanks with the correct French Discourse Marker: Je ne savais pas quoi faire, _____, j’ai décidé de l’appeler. Options: a) mais b) donc c) en fait

Other effective exercises include:

• Translating sentences from English to French, incorporating discourse markers.
• Listening to French media and noting the use of discourse markers in real-time conversations.
• Participating in or creating role-play scenarios where the use of specific markers is required.

A comprehensive understanding of French Discourse Markers involves not just recognizing their meaning but also grasping their subtleties in various contexts. Engaging with authentic French content, such as films, podcasts, and literature, offers rich insights into how native speakers naturally integrate these markers into their communication. This exposure, coupled with active practice, facilitates a deeper comprehension and more instinctive use of discourse markers in your own French conversations.

Mastering French Discourse Markers for Effective Communication

Achieving proficiency in French is greatly facilitated by understanding and using French Discourse Markers effectively. These markers not only enrich communication but also knit sentences together to create cohesive and fluently spoken or written language.

Tips for Remembering French Discourse Markers

Memorising and properly utilising French Discourse Markers can seem daunting at first. However, with targeted strategies and consistent practice, you can integrate them seamlessly into your language usage.

Here are practical tips to enhance your recall and usage of discourse markers:

• Create flashcards with a marker on one side and its use case on the other.
• Listen actively to French media, noting the application of different markers in context.
• Engage in speaking practice, consciously attempting to include discourse markers.
• Write short paragraphs or essays, employing specific markers to connect thoughts.

Pairing visual cues with French Discourse Markers on flashcards can markedly improve memorisation.

Advancing Your French with Discourse Markers

Integrating French Discourse Markers into your language repertoire not only elevates your communication skills but also brings you closer to fluency. These markers signal more than mere transitions; they convey nuanced meanings and attitudes, reflecting a deeper understanding of the language.

To progress your French, consider these steps:

• Immerse yourself in environments where French is the primary language, encouraging active application of discourse markers.
• Read extensively in French, especially material that mirrors your interests, and note the use of discourse markers.
• Utilise language exchange opportunities to practise with native speakers, focusing on the integration of markers in speech.

Example: When debating a topic, you might say, 'D'un côté, mais de l'autre côté' . This illustrates contrasting ideas and opinions, a fundamental skill in advanced communication.

The real mastery of French Discourse Markers lies not in rote memorisation but in understanding their varied contexts and subtleties. As you advance, pay attention to less common markers and their specific nuances. For instance, 'somme toute' and 'par ailleurs' are markers indicative of sophisticated language use, signalling summarisation and additional points, respectively. Advanced language learners distinguish themselves by effectively weaving these nuanced markers into their communication.

French Discourse Markers - Key takeaways

• French Discourse Markers definition: Words or phrases used in speech or writing to organize discourse, indicate speaker or writer attitudes, and provide structure.
• Common French Discourse Markers and their meanings include 'alors' (so, then), 'en fait' (in fact), 'donc' (therefore, so), 'mais' (but), and 'enfin' (finally, anyway).
• Examples of French Discourse Markers in use: 'alors' to signal a transition or a conclusion, 'donc' to indicate a logical conclusion.
• French conversation connectors explained: 'De plus' (moreover), 'Cependant' (however), 'Par conséquent' (therefore), and 'De même' (similarly) are key connectors for joining ideas.
• French Discourse Markers exercises for practice include fill-in-the-blank sentences, translating exercises, and listening to French media to identify markers in use.

Flashcards in French Discourse Markers 12

Complex grammatical structures that alter the core meaning of sentences in French.

Without them, French conversations would lack vocabulary diversity and complexity.

Signaling a change in topic, indicating agreement or disagreement, introducing conclusions, expressing causality, and injecting personal attitude.

Showing impatience

Indicates a cause-and-effect relationship

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10 Best Chris Marker Films: The Innovator of Essay Films & Documentaries

Chris Marker was a French filmmaker, writer, and photographer who is best known for his experimental documentary films that blend fiction and reality, political commentary, and philosophical musings.

Marker’s films are highly regarded for their innovative approach to non-fiction storytelling and their use of montage, voice-over narration, and found footage.

Here are some of Chris Marker’s most notable films:

“La Jetée” (1962): A 28-minute black and white film that tells the story of a man who is sent back in time to prevent a catastrophic event.

The film is entirely made up of still photographs and is considered a masterpiece of the science fiction genre.

“Sans Soleil” (1983): A poetic and meditative essay film that explores the nature of memory, time, and travel. The film is composed of footage shot in various countries around the world and features a philosophical voice-over that reflects on the human condition.

“A Grin Without a Cat” (1977): A three-hour documentary that chronicles the global political upheavals of the 1960s and 1970s, including the Vietnam War, student protests, and the rise of leftist movements.

“The Last Bolshevik” (1993): A documentary about the life and work of the Soviet filmmaker Alexander Medvedkin, who was a contemporary of Sergei Eisenstein and Dziga Vertov.

“Level Five” (1997): A film that explores the history of Okinawa during World War II and the legacy of the Battle of Okinawa.

The film uses computer-generated imagery to create a virtual reality world that the protagonist explores.

Chris Marker’s films are highly recommended for those interested in experimental and politically engaged cinema.

Best Chris Marker Films

His work is a testament to the power of the moving image to question, challenge, and inspire.

1. La Jetée (1962)

“La Jetée” is a 1962 French science fiction film directed by Chris Marker. The film is composed almost entirely of black and white still photographs, with a few brief segments of moving footage.

The story follows a man living in a post-apocalyptic world, who is selected for a time-travel experiment in hopes of finding a solution to the world’s problems.

“La Jetée” is notable for its innovative use of still images to create a sense of movement and narrative.

The film’s style and structure challenge traditional notions of cinematic storytelling, and its exploration of themes such as memory, time, and the nature of human existence has earned it critical acclaim and a place as a cult classic.

The film’s haunting imagery and nonlinear structure create a dreamlike and poetic atmosphere that invites interpretation and reflection.

“La Jetée” is a powerful meditation on the fragility of human life and the human experience of time, as well as a testament to the enduring power of cinema as an art form.

• Factory sealed DVD
• Étienne Becker, Jean Négroni, Hélène Chatelain (Actors)
• Chris Marker (Director) - Anatole Dauman (Producer)
• English (Subtitle)
• English (Publication Language)

2. Sans Soleil (1983)

“Sans Soleil” is a French documentary film directed by Chris Marker and released in 1983.

The film is structured as a letter from a fictional female traveler to the director, describing her impressions of various places around the world, including Japan, Guinea-Bissau, and San Francisco.

The film blends footage of these locations with philosophical musings on memory, time, and human experience.

It is known for its experimental style, which includes non-linear storytelling, voiceovers, and a collage of different images and sounds.

“Sans Soleil” has been praised for its poetic and thought-provoking approach to documentary filmmaking, as well as its exploration of the relationship between memory, culture, and identity.

The film has influenced many filmmakers and has been considered a masterpiece of the documentary genre.

• Marker Chris (Author)
• French (Subtitle)

3. Lettre de Sibérie (Letter from Siberia, 1957)

“Lettre de Sibérie” (Letter from Siberia) is a 1957 French documentary film directed by Chris Marker.

The film is a playful and satirical exploration of Soviet propaganda, which was often used to portray Siberia as a harsh and desolate wasteland, devoid of any culture or civilization.

Marker’s film, however, presents a more nuanced and humanizing portrait of Siberia, through a mix of original footage and found footage.

The film takes the form of a letter written by an imaginary traveler to a friend in Paris, describing his experiences in Siberia.

The traveler, who is played by Marker himself, encounters a variety of people and situations, from the indigenous nomads of the region to the Soviet officials who control them.

The film also includes humorous interludes, such as a fake newsreel about a “conquest” of Siberia by French explorers.

“Lettre de Sibérie” is notable for its innovative and playful approach to documentary filmmaking, as well as its critical engagement with Soviet propaganda.

Marker’s use of humor and irony helps to subvert the official Soviet narrative and highlight the complexities of life in Siberia.

The film is also visually striking, with a mix of black-and-white and color footage, and a distinctive style that has influenced many subsequent documentaries.

• Chris Marker Collection (10 Films) ( Dimanche à Pekin / Lettre de Sibérie / Description d'un...
• Chris Marker Collection (10 Films)
• Dimanche à Pekin / Lettre de Sibérie / Description d'un combat / La sixième face du pentagone /...
• Sunday in Peking / Letter from Siberia / Description of a Struggle / The Sixth Side of the Pentagon
• Gilles Quéant, Bertrand Cantat, Dieudonné (Actors)

4. Le Fond de l’air est rouge (A Grin Without A Cat, 1977)

“Le Fond de l’air est rouge” (The Base of the Air is Red) is a documentary film directed by French filmmaker Chris Marker in 1977.

The film’s English title is “A Grin Without a Cat.” The film explores the political and social upheavals of the 1960s and 1970s, focusing on the rise and fall of various leftist movements and revolutionary struggles around the world.

The film covers a wide range of topics, including the anti-war movement in the United States, the May 1968 protests in France, the student movements in Mexico, the struggle for independence in Vietnam, and the emergence of socialist and communist movements in Latin America.

Marker uses a combination of archival footage, interviews with activists and political figures, and his own narration to construct a complex and thought-provoking meditation on the nature of political revolution and the possibilities and limitations of leftist politics.

The film’s title comes from a quote by French poet Paul Éluard, who wrote: “There is another world, but it is in this one.” This sentiment reflects the film’s exploration of the tension between revolutionary aspirations and the realities of political power and social change.

“Le Fond de l’air est rouge” remains a powerful and influential document of a tumultuous era in world history.

• Che Guevara, Fidel Castro, Salvador Allende (Actors)
• Chris Marker (Director)
• Spanish (Publication Language)

5. Le Joli Mai (The Lovely Month of May, 1963)

“Le Joli Mai” is a French documentary film directed by Chris Marker and Pierre Lhomme, released in 1963.

The film captures the spirit of Paris during May 1962, a month of great change and optimism in French society, following the end of the Algerian War and the signing of the Evian Accords.

The film is composed of interviews with ordinary Parisians, including factory workers, shopkeepers, and students, as well as intellectuals and artists, who discuss their thoughts and feelings about the social, political, and cultural climate of the time.

The filmmakers use a cinema verite style, allowing the interviewees to speak freely without commentary or interpretation.

The film is a snapshot of a unique moment in French history and a portrait of a city in transition.

It captures the excitement and hope of the time, as well as the anxieties and uncertainties that come with social change.

The film is also notable for its innovative use of split-screen and editing techniques, which give the film a dynamic and modern feel.

Overall, “Le Joli Mai” is a fascinating document of a pivotal moment in French history, and a valuable contribution to the tradition of documentary cinema.

It is recommended for anyone interested in French culture and history, as well as those interested in the art of documentary filmmaking.

• Yves Montand, Simone Signoret (Actors)
• Audience Rating: NR (Not Rated)

6. Une journée d’Andrei Arsenevitch (One Day in the Life of Andrei Arsenevich, 2000)

“Une journée d’Andrei Arsenevitch” (One Day in the Life of Andrei Arsenevich) is a 2000 French documentary film directed by Chris Marker, which offers an intimate portrait of the great Russian filmmaker Andrei Tarkovsky.

The film is composed of footage from Tarkovsky’s films, as well as interviews with the director and his family and colleagues.

Through this portrait, Marker offers insights into Tarkovsky’s life and work, exploring the director’s complex relationship with the Soviet state, his creative process, and the themes that recur throughout his films

The film is a tribute to Tarkovsky’s vision and a meditation on the nature of art and its relationship to society and the individual.

“Une journée d’Andrei Arsenevitch” is notable for its poetic and evocative style, which blends archival footage with Marker’s own observations and reflections.

The film offers a deep and nuanced understanding of Tarkovsky’s artistic legacy, and is a must-see for fans of the filmmaker, as well as for anyone interested in the nature of creativity and the power of cinema.

7. Le Tombeau d’Alexandre (The Last Bolshevik, 1993)

“Le Tombeau d’Alexandre” (also known as “The Last Bolshevik”) is a 1993 French documentary film directed by Chris Marker.

The film explores the life and career of Soviet filmmaker and theorist Alexander Medvedkin, who is often referred to as “the last Bolshevik” due to his staunch Marxist beliefs and his commitment to socialist ideals.

The film combines archival footage of Medvedkin’s work with interviews with Medvedkin’s colleagues, friends, and family members.

Through these interviews, Marker paints a complex portrait of a man who was both a visionary artist and a committed political activist, and who struggled to reconcile his artistic vision with his political beliefs.

“Le Tombeau d’Alexandre” is a powerful and thought-provoking film that explores important themes such as politics, art, and history.

The film is notable for its use of archival footage and its innovative narrative structure, which weaves together different strands of Medvedkin’s life to create a rich and nuanced portrait of the filmmaker.

For anyone interested in the history of cinema, politics, or the intersection between art and politics, “Le Tombeau d’Alexandre” is a must-see film.

• Happiness / The Last Bolshevik ( Schaste / Le tombeau d'Alexandre ) ( Happiness )
• Happiness / The Last Bolshevik
• Schaste / Le tombeau d'Alexandre
• Pyotr Zinovyev, Yelena Yegorova, Nikolay Cherkasov (Actors)

8. Le Mystère Koumiko (The Koumiko Mystery, 1965)

“Le Mystère Koumiko” (The Koumiko Mystery) is a French documentary film directed by Chris Marker and released in 1965.

The film focuses on a young Japanese woman named Koumiko who moved to Paris to study, but ended up staying in the city for several years.

The film presents a series of interviews with Koumiko, as well as footage of her daily life in Paris, interspersed with scenes from traditional Japanese culture and commentary on the intersection of East and West.

The film explores themes of cultural identity, language, and the experience of being an outsider in a foreign land. Like many of Marker’s films, “Le Mystère Koumiko” blurs the boundaries between documentary and fiction, presenting a unique and personal portrait of its subject.

The film has been praised for its innovative style and thought-provoking exploration of cultural differences and personal identity.

9. The Sixth Side of the Pentagon (1967)

“The Sixth Side of the Pentagon” is a 1967 French documentary film directed by Chris Marker.

The film chronicles the anti-Vietnam War protest held at the Pentagon on October 21, 1967, and the subsequent clashes between protesters and police.

The title of the film refers to the sixth side of the Pentagon, which is said to be invisible and impenetrable, representing the power and secrecy of the military-industrial complex.

Marker’s film explores the ways in which this power is challenged and contested by ordinary citizens who dare to protest and speak out.

“The Sixth Side of the Pentagon” is notable for its use of a range of documentary techniques, including interviews with protesters, police officers, and military officials, as well as footage of the protest itself and archival material.

The film also features a distinctive voice-over narration by Marker, which combines personal reflection, historical analysis, and political commentary.

Through its powerful combination of images, sounds, and ideas, “The Sixth Side of the Pentagon” offers a compelling and provocative portrait of the anti-war movement in the United States, and a critique of the violence and injustice of war itself.

10. Suba Si! (1961)

“Suba Si!” is a Romanian comedy film directed by Dan Pița and Mircea Veroiu, released in 1961. The film tells the story of a young man named Petre Moraru (played by Mircea Diaconu), who moves from a small village to the big city of Bucharest in search of a better life.

Petre encounters various challenges and obstacles as he tries to adapt to life in the city, including dealing with corrupt officials, navigating the complex social hierarchies of urban life, and navigating the romantic interests of several women.

“Suba Si!” is notable for its portrayal of the tensions between urban and rural cultures in Romania during the 1960s, and for its use of humor to critique the shortcomings and absurdities of the country’s socialist government.

The film was well-received by audiences and critics in Romania and has since become a cult classic of Romanian cinema.

3 Characteristics of Chris Marker Films

Montage: One of the most distinctive features of Chris Marker’s films is their use of montage.

Marker’s films often incorporate a range of visual and audio elements, including archival footage, still photographs, sound recordings, and voice-over narration, which are combined and juxtaposed in ways that create meaning and emotional impact.

Political Commentary: Another key characteristic of Marker’s films is their political commentary. Marker was a committed leftist and his films often reflect his progressive political beliefs.

His documentaries explore a range of social and political issues, including war, colonialism, and the struggles of marginalized groups, and offer incisive critiques of power structures and institutionalized oppression.

Blurring the Lines Between Fact and Fiction: Finally, Marker’s films are notable for their willingness to blur the boundaries between fact and fiction.

While his documentaries are grounded in real-world events and often feature interviews with real people, they also frequently incorporate elements of fiction, such as voice-over narration that blurs the line between the personal and the political.

This creates a sense of ambiguity and invites the viewer to engage with the film on multiple levels.

3 Reasons Why You Should Watch Chris Marker Films

Innovative style: Chris Marker is known for his innovative and experimental style of filmmaking, which often blends documentary footage with fiction, poetry, and philosophical musings.

His films often challenge traditional notions of narrative structure and linear storytelling, and offer a unique and thought-provoking viewing experience.

Political and social commentary: Many of Marker’s films address political and social issues, such as the legacy of colonialism, the nature of memory and history, and the impact of technology on society.

His films offer incisive and insightful commentary on these topics, and invite viewers to engage with complex and important issues.

Influence on cinema: Chris Marker’s influence on cinema has been significant and far-reaching, with many filmmakers citing him as a major inspiration.

His innovative approach to documentary filmmaking and his use of montage and multimedia techniques have had a profound impact on the evolution of cinema as an art form.

Watching his films can provide a deeper understanding of the history and development of cinema, as well as an appreciation for the unique and groundbreaking work of one of its most influential figures.

Best Chris Marker Films – Wrapping Up

Chris Marker was a visionary filmmaker who made significant contributions to the world of cinema.

His films were known for their innovative use of narrative structure, their political themes, and their unique blend of documentary and fiction.

Marker was also a pioneer in the use of new technologies such as video and computer-generated imagery, and he was instrumental in the development of the essay film genre.

Some of Marker’s most notable films include “La Jetée,” “Sans Soleil,” “Le Joli Mai,” and “Le Tombeau d’Alexandre.” Each of these films explores important themes such as memory, identity, politics, and history, and they showcase Marker’s incredible talent as a storyteller and filmmaker.

Marker’s impact on cinema and visual culture cannot be overstated, and his work continues to inspire and influence filmmakers today.

For anyone interested in the history of cinema, politics, or the intersection between art and technology, Chris Marker’s films are essential viewing.

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How to Write an Essay in French

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When it comes to expressing your thoughts in French , there’s nothing better than the essay.

It is, after all, the favorite form of such famed French thinkers as Montaigne, Chateaubriand, Houellebecq and Simone de Beauvoir.

In this post, I’ve outlined the four most common types of essays in French, ranked from easiest to most difficult, to help you get to know this concept better. 

Why Are French Essays Different?

Must-have french phrases for writing essays, 4 types of french essays and how to write them, 1. text summary (synthèse de texte).

• 2. Text Commentary (Commentaire de texte)

3. Dialectic Dissertation (Thèse, Antithèse, Synthèse)

• 4. Progressive Dissertation (Plan progressif)

And one more thing...

Download: This blog post is available as a convenient and portable PDF that you can take anywhere. Click here to get a copy. (Download)

Writing an essay in French is not the same as those typical 5-paragraph essays you’ve probably written in English.

In fact, there’s a whole other logic that has to be used to ensure that your essay meets French format standards and structure. It’s not merely writing your ideas in another language .

And that’s because the French use Cartesian logic (also known as Cartesian doubt) , developed by René Descartes , which requires a writer to begin with what is known and then lead the reader through to the logical conclusion: a paragraph that contains the thesis. Through the essay, the writer will reject all that is not certain or all that is subjective in his or her quest to find the objective truth.

Sound intriguing? Read on for more!

Before we get to the four main types of essays, here are a few French phrases that will be especially helpful as you delve into essay-writing in French:

Introductory phrases , which help you present new ideas.

Connecting phrases , which help you connect ideas and sections.

Contrasting phrases , which help you juxtapose two ideas.

Concluding phrases , which help you to introduce your conclusion.

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The text summary or synthèse de texte  is one of the easiest French writing exercises to get a handle on. It essentially involves reading a text and then summarizing it in an established number of words, while repeating no phrases that are in the original text. No analysis is called for.

A  synthèse de texte  should follow the same format as the text that is being synthesized. The arguments should be presented in the same way, and no major element of the original text should be left out of the  synthèse.

Here is an informative post about writing a synthèse de texte , written for French speakers. 

The text summary is a great exercise for exploring the following French language elements:

• Synonyms , as you will need to find other words to describe what is said in the original text.
• Nominalization , which involves turning verbs into nouns and generally cuts down on word count.
• Vocabulary , as the knowledge of more exact terms will allow you to avoid periphrases and cut down on word count.

While beginners may wish to work with only one text, advanced learners can synthesize as many as three texts in one text summary. 

Since a text summary is simple in its essence, it’s a great writing exercise that can accompany you through your entire learning process.

2. Text Commentary  (Commentaire de texte)

A text commentary or commentaire de texte   is the first writing exercise where the student is asked to present an analysis of the materials at hand, not just a summary.

That said, a  commentaire  de texte  is not a reaction piece. It involves a very delicate balance of summary and opinion, the latter of which must be presented as impersonally as possible. This can be done either by using the third person (on) or the general first person plural (nous) . The singular first person (je) should never be used in a  commentaire de texte.

A commentaire de texte  should be written in three parts:

• An introduction , where the text is presented.
• An argument , where the text is analyzed.
• A conclusion , where the analysis is summarized and elevated.

Here is a handy in-depth guide to writing a successful commentaire de texte,  written for French speakers.

Unlike with the synthesis, you will not be able to address all elements of a text in a commentary. You should not summarize the text in a commentary, at least not for the sake of summarizing. Every element of the text that you speak about in your commentary must be analyzed.

To successfully analyze a text, you will need to brush up on your figurative language. Here are some great resources to get you started:

• Here’s an introduction to figurative language in French.
• This guide to figurative language  presents the different elements in useful categories.
• This guide , intended for high school students preparing for the BAC—the exam all French high school students take, which they’re required to pass to go to university—is great for seeing examples of how to integrate figurative language into your commentaries.
• Speaking of which, here’s an example of a corrected commentary from the BAC, which will help you not only include figurative language but get a head start on writing your own commentaries.

The French answer to the 5-paragraph essay is known as the  dissertation .  Like the American 5-paragraph essay, it has an introduction, body paragraphs and a conclusion. The stream of logic, however, is distinct.

There are actually two kinds of  dissertation,  each of which has its own rules.

The first form of  dissertation  is the dialectic dissertation , better known as  thèse, antithèse, synthèse . In this form, there are actually only two body paragraphs. After the introduction, a thesis is posited. Following the thesis, its opposite, the antithesis, is explored (and hopefully, debunked). The final paragraph, what we know as the conclusion, is the  synthesis , which addresses the strengths of the thesis, the strengths and weaknesses of the antithesis, and concludes with the reasons why the original thesis is correct.

For example, imagine that the question was, “Are computers useful to the development of the human brain?” You could begin with a section showing the ways in which computers are useful for the progression of our common intelligence—doing long calculations, creating in-depth models, etc.

Then you would delve into the problems that computers pose to human intelligence, citing examples of the ways in which spelling proficiency has decreased since the invention of spell check, for example. Finally, you would synthesize this information and conclude that the “pro” outweighs the “con.”

The key to success with this format is developing an outline before writing. The thesis must be established, with examples, and the antithesis must be supported as well. When all of the information has been organized in the outline, the writing can begin, supported by the tools you have learned from your mastery of the synthesis and commentary.

Here are a few tools to help you get writing:

• Here’s a great guide to writing a dialectic dissertation .
• Here’s an example of a plan for a dialectic dissertation , showing you the three parts of the essay as well as things to consider when writing a dialectic dissertation.

4. Progressive Dissertation ( Plan progressif)

The progressive dissertation is slightly less common, but no less useful, than the first form.

The progressive form basically consists of examining an idea via multiple points of view—a sort of deepening of the understanding of the notion, starting with a superficial perspective and ending with a deep and profound analysis.

If the dialectic dissertation is like a scale, weighing pros and cons of an idea, the progressive dissertation is like peeling an onion, uncovering more and more layers as you get to the deeper crux of the idea.

Concretely, this means that you will generally follow this layout:

• A first, elementary exploration of the idea.
• A second, more philosophical exploration of the idea.
• A third, more transcendent exploration of the idea.

This format for the dissertation is more commonly used for essays that are written in response to a philosophical question, for example, “What is a person?” or “What is justice?”

Let’s say the question was, “What is war?” In the first part, you would explore dictionary definitions—a basic idea of war, i.e. an armed conflict between two parties, usually nations. You could give examples that back up this definition, and you could narrow down the definition of the subject as much as needed. For example, you might want to make mention that not all conflicts are wars, or you might want to explore whether the “War on Terror” is a war.

In the second part, you would explore a more philosophical look at the topic, using a definition that you provide. You first explain how you plan to analyze the subject, and then you do so. In French, this is known as  poser une problématique  (establishing a thesis question), and it usually is done by first writing out a question and then exploring it using examples: “Is war a reflection of the base predilection of humans for violence?”

In the third part, you will take a step back and explore this question from a distance, taking the time to construct a natural conclusion and answer for the question.

This form may not be as useful in as many cases as the first type of essay, but it’s a good form to learn, particularly for those interested in philosophy. Here’s an in-depth guide  to writing a progressive dissertation.

As you progress in French and become more and more comfortable with writing, try your hand at each of these types of writing exercises, and even with other forms of the dissertation . You’ll soon be a pro at everything from a synthèse de texte to a dissertation!

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How to Write an Excellent French Essay (Resources Included)

Tips to write an excellent french essay.

Writing essays is challenging enough, but when you are asked to write a French essay, you are not only being asked to write in a foreign language, but to follow the conventions of another linguistic and literary tradition. Like essay-writing in any language, the essential part of writing a French essay is to convey your thoughts and observations on a certain topic in a clear and concise manner. French essays do come out of a certain tradition that is part of the training of all students who attend school in France – or at least secondary school – and when you are a French essay, it is important to be aware of this tradition.

The French philosopher Michel de Montaigne is credited with popularizing the essay form as a literary genre. His work, Essais, first published in 1580, and undergoing several subsequent publications before his death in 1592, covers a wide breadth of topics, ranging from “amitié” to “philosopher c’est apprendre à mourir”, and includes many literary references, as well as personal anecdotes. The name for this genre, essai, is the nominal form of the verb essayer, “to attempt”. We have an archaic English verb essay, meaning the same thing. The limerick that includes the phrase, “... when she essayed to drink lemonade ...” indicates an attempt to drink a beverage and has nothing to do with writing about it. But the writing form does illustrate an attempt to describe a topic in depth with the purpose of developing new insights on a particular text or corpus.

French instructors are very specific about what they would like when they ask for an essay, meaning that they will probably specify whether they would like an explication de texte, commentaire composé, or dissertation. That last essay form should not be confused with the document completed for a doctorate in anglophone countries – this is called a thèse in French, by the way. There are different formats for each of these types of essay, and different objectives for each written form.

Types of Essay

1. l’explication de texte.

An explication de texte is a type of essay for which you complete a close reading. It is usually written about a poem or a short passage within a larger work. This close reading will elucidate different themes and stylistic devices within the text. When you are completing an explication de texte, make sure to follow the structure of the text as you complete a close examination of its form and content. The format for an explication de texte consists of:

i. An introduction, in which you situate the text within its genre and historical context. This is where you can point out to your readers the general themes of the text, its form, the trajectory of your reading, and your approach to the text.

ii. The body, in which you develop your ideas, following the structure of the text. Make sure you know all of the meanings of the words used, especially the key terms that point to the themes addressed by the author. It is a good idea to look words up in the dictionary to find out any second, third, and fourth meanings that could add to the themes and forms you describe. Like a student taking an oral examination based on this type of essay writing, you will be expected to have solid knowledge of the vocabulary and grammatical structures that appear in the text. Often the significance of the language used unfolds as you explain the different components of theme, style, and composition.

iii. A conclusion, in which you sum up the general meaning of the text and the significance of the figures and forms being used. You should also give the implications of what is being addressed, and the relevance of these within a larger literary, historical, or philosophical context.

NB: If you are writing about a poem, include observations on the verse, rhyme schemes, and meter. It is a good idea to refer to a reference work on versification. If you are writing about a philosophical work, be familiar with philosophical references and definitions of concepts.

Caveat: Refrain from paraphrasing. Instead show through careful analysis of theme, style, and composition the way in which the main ideas of the text are conveyed.

2. Le commentaire composé

A commentaire composé is a methodologically codified commentary that focuses on themes in a particular text. This type of essay develops different areas of reflection through analytical argument. Such argumentation should clarify the reading that you are approaching by presenting components of the text from different perspectives. In contrast to the explication de texte, it is organized thematically rather than following the structure of the text to which it refers. The format for a commentaire composé consists of:

i. An introduction, in which you present the question you have come up with, often in relation to a prompt commenting on a thematic or stylistic aspect of the text, such as “Montrez en quoi ce texte évoque l’amour courtois” or “Qu’apporte l’absence de la ponctuation dans ce texte ?” In this section, you will be expected to delineate your approach to the text and illustrate the trajectory of your ideas so that your readers will have a clear idea of the direction these ideas will take.

ii. A tripartite body, in which you explore the question you have come up with, citing specific examples in the text that are especially pertinent to the areas of reflection you wish to explore. These citations should be explained and connected to the broad themes of your commentary, all the while providing details that draw the readers’ attention to your areas of inquiry. These different areas of inquiry may initially seem disparate or even contradictory, but eventually come together to form a harmonious reading that addresses different aspects of the text. The more obvious characteristics of the text should illuminate its subtler aspects, which allows for acute insight into the question that you are in the process of exploring.

iii. A conclusion, in which you evaluate your reading and synthesize its different areas of inquiry. This is where you may include your own opinions, but make sure that the preceding sections of your commentaire remain analytical and supported by evidence that you find in the text.

NB: Looking at verb tenses, figures of speech, and other aspects that contribute to the form of the text will help situate your reader, as will commenting on the register of language, whether this language is ornate, plain, reflects a style soutenu, or less formal patterns of speech.

Caveat: Quotations do not replace observations or comments on the text. Explain your quotations and situate them well within your own text.

3. La dissertation

The dissertation is a personal, organized, and methodical reflection on a precise question that refers to a corpus of writing. Referring to this corpus, you may be asked questions along the lines of “Que pensez-vous de l’équivalence entre l’amour et la chanson exprimée dans ces textes ?” or “Est-ce que la sagesse et la folie ont les mêmes sources?” This type of essay allows for an exploration of a question through knowledge of a corpus as well as through an individual’s cultural knowledge. The format for a dissertation consists of:

i. An introduction, in which you present the topic addressed, the significance of your argument, and the trajectory of your ideas.

ii. The body which, like a commentaire composé, consists of a tripartite development of your argument. This can follow any one of the following structures: a dialectical schema, organized into thèse, antithèse, and synthèse – an argument, its counter-argument, and its rebuttal; an analytical schema, consisting of the description of a situation, an analysis of its causes, and commentary on its consequences; a thematic schema, which consists of a reflection on a topic which you proceed to examine from different angles in an orderly fashion.

iii. A conclusion, in which you address the different ways in which you have approached the question at hand and how this deepens your insights, while placing the question within a broader context that shows room for expansion. The conclusion can open up the topic addressed to show its placement within a literary movement, or in opposition to another literary movement that follows it, for example.

NB: Approach the question at hand with as few preconceptions as possible. If you are writing on a quotation, gather all of your knowledge about its author, the work in which it appears, and the body of literature with which it is associated.

Caveat: Even for a personal reflection, such as a dissertation, avoid using the first person pronoun je. Nous or on are preferable. It is advisable not to switch from one to the other, though.

For each of these essay forms, it is a good idea to make an outline to which you can refer as you write. As your writing progresses, things may shift a bit, but having a structure on which you can rely as you gather your various ideas and information into a coherent argument provides solid foundation for a clear and well-developed essay. This also facilitates smooth transitions from one section of your essay to the next.

During your reading, you may encounter a problem, a contradiction, or a surprising turn of phrase that is difficult to figure out. Such moments in a text give you the opportunity to delve into the unique characteristics of the text or corpus to which you are referring, to propose different solutions to the problems you encounter, and to describe their significance within a larger literary, philosophical, and historical context. Essay writing allows you to become more familiar with French works, with their cultural significance, and with the French language. You can refer to the following resources to guide you in this endeavor:

Auffret, Serge et Hélène. Le commentaire composé. Paris: Hachette, 1991. Dufau, Micheline et Ellen D'Alelio. Découverte du poème: Introduction à l'explication de textes. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1967. Grammont, Maurice. Petit traité de versification française. Paris: A. Colin, 2015. Huisman, Denis et L. R. Plazolles. L’art de la dissertation littéraire : du baccalauréat au C.A.P.E.S. Paris : Société d’édition d’enseignement supérieur, 1965.

The French newspaper Le Monde also has good articles on these essay forms that prepare French students for the baccalauréat exam: CLICK HERE

This is also a website with thorough information on essay writing techniques that prepare students for the baccalauréat exam: CLICK HERE

In addition, the University of Adelaide has tips for general essay writing in French: CLICK HERE

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Advanced Level French Revision- Collection of resources on key phrases for essay writing

Subject: French

Age range: 16+

Resource type: Worksheet/Activity

Last updated

22 November 2017

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• > The Rise of Discourse Markers
• > French Discourse Markers

Book contents

• The Rise of Discourse Markers
• Copyright page
• Abbreviations
• 1 The Development of Discourse Markers
• 2 Concepts of Analysis
• 3 English Discourse Markers
• 4 French Discourse Markers
• 5 Japanese Discourse Markers
• 6 Korean Discourse Markers
• 7 Discourse Markers in Language Contact
• 8 Discussion
• 9 Conclusions
• Language Index
• Author Index
• Subject Index

4 - French Discourse Markers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 June 2021

In this chapter, the framework proposed in Chapter 2 is applied to the history of French. The discourse markers studied are à la rigueur , à propos , à ce propos , alors , en fait , au fait , and enfin . The findings presented are in support of the hypothesis proposed in Section 1.5, according to which discourse markers are the joint product of two separate mechanisms, with each of the mechanisms accounting for specific properties of discourse markers.

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• French Discourse Markers
• Bernd Heine , Gunther Kaltenböck , Tania Kuteva , Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf , Haiping Long
• Book: The Rise of Discourse Markers
• Online publication: 11 June 2021
• Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108982856.006

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• Library Catalogue

Resources for academic writing in French

On this page, 1. purpose of this document, 2. orthographe et typographie, 3. grammaire, 4. structure de texte: vocabulaire, 5. comment construire une dissertation en français.

• 6. Outil utile : comment faire les caractères français sur n'importe quel clavier ?
• 7. Où trouver de l'aide en français ?
• 8. S'immerger d'avantage dans le français

This document offers resources to students writing in French at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels. It has been inspired by the recurring questions and issues encountered during consultations with students and it includes:

• Grammatical and vocabulary help
• Advice on dissertation structure and dissertation writing
• A useful tip on how to easily type special French characters on any keyboard
• Suggestions as to where students can find additional help
• Ideas on where to meet French speakers and how to get exposed to the language to improve fluency

Note: The information presented is valid as of December 2016. The rest of this information is written in French since it is intended for people with at least a basic understanding of the language.

This material is also available as a printable  pdf  and as a stand-alone website  .

2.1.1 Majuscules

2.1.1.1 Noms et adjectifs de nationalité

En anglais, les noms et adjectifs se rapportant aux langues et aux pays prennent toujours des majuscules :

I am French I speak French The French are always on strike

Ce n'est pas le cas en français.

Les adjectifs ne prennent jamais de majuscule en français. Donc: adjectifs de nationalité ou se rapportant aux langues → pas de majuscule

Je suis française La langue française

Pour les noms, il ne faut pas de majuscule lorsque l'on parle des langues. Les langues → pas de majuscule

Je parle français Le français et l'anglais

Ceci dit, lorsque l'on parle de personnes, il faut la majuscule. Les habitants d'un pays → majuscule

Les Français sont tout le temps en grève

2.1.1.2 Jours de la semaine et mois

En anglais, les jours de la semaine et les mois prennent des majuscules. Mais pas en français :

Le lundi et le mardi Le jeudi 3 mars ​Tous les dimanches de novembre

2.1.2 Ponctuation

Contrairement à l'anglais, il faut un espace avant les deux points, le point d'interrogation et le point d'exclamation :

Tu viens ? Ah non !

Les guillemets sont différents et il faut un espace entre les guillemets et le texte :

Il lui dit : « d'accord »

Note : un éditeur de texte (par exemple MS Word ou OpenOffice Writer) corrigera tout cela automatiquement si vous le mettez en français.

2.1.3 « et » et la virgule

L'usage d'une virgule avec « et » est différent en français et en anglais :

En anglais, il faut une virgule avant « and » dans une énumération qui comprend plus de deux éléments : French, English, and Spanish

En français, il n'y a pas de virgule avant « et » : Le français, l'anglais et l'espagnol

Mettre un mot au féminin peut aider à trouver sa terminaison :

chat  →  chatte ouvert →  ouverte ​remis  →  remise

3.1.1 Définition

Voix active : le sujet fait l'action

Voix passive : le sujet subit l'action et le complément d'agent (introduit par « par ») fait l'action

Le complément d'agent fait l'action (voix active) :  Notre équipe a réalisé une étude

L'action est faite PAR le complément d'agent (voix passive) :  Une étude a été réalisée PAR notre équipe

3.1.2 Formation

La voix passive se construit avec  l'auxilaire être + le participe passé du verbe .

Attention donc à ne pas confondre un temps simple à la voix passive avec un temps composé.

Par exemple, il ne faut pas confondre un verbe au présent de la voix passive avec un passé composé :

Le lapin est mangé par le loup (Présent de la voix passive. Cela équivaut à : le loup mange le lapin - maintenant)

Le lapin a mangé la salade (Passé composé de la voix active. Le lapin a mangé la salade hier)

3.1.3 Écrivez à l'actif !

Pendant longtemps, il a été d'usage d'utiliser la voix passive dans les travaux académiques, probablement par modestie. Cette habitude est tombée en désuétude, mais malheureusement les étudiants continuent trop souvent à écrire au passif, rendant les textes tortueux et le style inutilement lourd. Je vous encourage vivement à utiliser la voix active :

• la construction est beaucoup plus directe
• il est maintenant d'usage d'annoncer clairement et sans détour que nous sommes l'auteur d'un travail

3.2.1 Les adjectifs

Les adjectifs s'accordent en genre et en nombre avec le nom auquel ils se rapportent

3.2.2 Les participes passés

• Avec l'auxiliaire être Les participes passés s'accordent en genre et en nombre avec le sujet
• Avec l'auxiliaire avoir Les participes passés s'accordent en genre et en nombre avec le complément d'objet direct, si celui-ci est placé avant le verbe​
• Sinon, ils sont  invariables En aucun cas, ils ne s'accordent avec le sujet

Pas de panique, c'est en fait simple :

Auxiliaire être

Il est tombé Ils sont tombés ​Elles sont tombées

Auxiliaire avoir - COD  après  le verbe

Il a pris un verre Il a pris une pomme Il a pris des pommes

Auxiliaire avoir - COD  avant  le verbe

Il l'a pris (=le verre) Il l'a prise (=la pomme) Il les a prises (=les pommes)

[[ collapse start " 3.3 « Nous » et « on » "]]

« On », techniquement, est un équivalent de l'anglais « it »

On dit souvent que...

Mais dans le langage courant, il est utilisé à la place de « nous »

On y va (=nous y allons) On arrive ! (=nous arrivons !)

Ceci est cependant à éviter à l'écrit, à moins que l'on veuille donner au texte une connotation familière.

3.4.1 Forme

3.4.1.1 Définis

le chat/les chats the cat/the cats

3.4.1.2 Indéfinis

un chat/des chats a cat/cats

3.4.2 Usage

3.4.2.1 Définis

On sait exactement de quel individu/chose il s'agit. On pourrait le montrer du doigt. Le nom est défini

Le chat de mon voisin (Ceci suppose que mon voisin n'a qu'un chat et que, du coup, on sait exactement de quel chat il s'agit)

La Terre est ronde (Il n'y en a qu'une, donc on sait de laquelle il s'agit)

La lune (On suppose qu'il s'agit de notre lune, celle qui tourne autour de la terre, et que donc on sait de laquelle il s'agit)

3.4.2.2 Indéfinis

On ne sait pas de quel individu/chose il s'agit. Le nom est indéfini

J'ai vu un chat noir ce matin (On ne sait pas de quel chat noir il s'agit. L'information "noir" ne suffit pas à définir l'individu particulier dont il est question)

Un chat de mon voisin (Ici, cela suppose que mon voisin a plusieurs chats et du coup, on ne sait pas de quel individu il est question. Comparer ceci avec l'exemple précédant)

Une lune (Ici, on fait référence à un satellite naturel, par exemple une lune de Saturne. On ne sait donc pas de quelle lune il s'agit)

C'est en fait très similaire à l'anglais. Réfléchissez à ce que vous diriez en anglais

• Invariables
• Généralement formés à partir d'adjectifs + « ment »

grand  → grandement

4.1.1 Commencer

Premièrement D’abord Tout d'abord Au début Pour commencer

4.1.2 Continuer

Chronologiquement : 

Deuxièmement ​Ensuite Puis Après

En ajoutant : 

De plus ​Ajoutons que En outre Par ailleurs ​Aussi Egalement

4.1.3 Finir

Enfin ​Finalement Pour finir Pour terminer Pour conclure En conclusion

4.2.1 Similarités

De la même manière De la même façon ​Similairement

4.2.2 Différences

En revanche Au contraire ​Alors que ​Pourtant D'autre part ​D'un autre côté Par ailleurs

Du coup En conséquence Par conséquent Il en résulte que De ce fait Donc Ainsi C'est pourquoi

Veuillez noter que ceci ne représente que mon opinion personnelle. Les consignes que vous recevez de vos professeurs sont sans aucun doute plus importantes que les conseils que je présente ici. Si vous avez des doutes, la meilleure chose à faire est toujours de discuter avec le professeur afin d'éliminer toute confusion quant à ses attentes. Il se peut que votre professeur ait une vision différente de la mienne sur la structure d'une dissertation. Il n'y a, de toute façon, aucune règle absolue et ceci ne représente qu'une façon, parmi beaucoup d'autres, de construire un plan.

Ne vous embarquez pas dans l'écriture avant d'avoir un plan! Si vous vous lancez dans l'écriture en aveugle, vous allez perdre énormément de temps à rédiger des choses qui ne fonctionneront probablement pas et que vous devrez réécrire. Assurez vous d'avoir un plan solide avant de commencer à rédiger des phrases. Pour construire ce squelette, des tirets avec vos idées suffisent.

Pour structurer votre plan, imaginez un sablier :

L'introduction , en bleu dans le sablier, commence large et se réduit petit à petit.

Elle peut se construire en trois sous-parties :

• Une introduction du thème qui se veut très ouverte. Vous voulez intéresser un public large. Si vous commencez directement sur le sujet étroit et spécifique de votre dissertation, peu de gens n'auront envie de la lire vu que peu de gens ont un intérêt pour un sujet très pointu.
• Dans une deuxième sous-partie, vous emmenez le lecteur peu à peu vers le sujet de votre dissertation. La problématique se resserre.
• Finalement, dans une troisième partie, vous présentez votre plan. Après avoir lu cette sous-partie, le lecteur doit savoir ce qui l'attend.

Le corps de votre dissertation , en orange dans le sablier, reste ciblé sur votre sujet.

Il comporte deux à quatre parties (souvent trois). C'est là que vous présentez votre analyse. Chaque partie représentant un aspect ou un point différent.

La conclusion , en vert dans le sablier, commence étroite et s'élargit peu à peu.

Vous ne voulez pas laisser le lecteur avec cette vue très pointue d'un sujet. Vous voulez élargir vers une problématique plus large. Là aussi, trois sous-parties est assez classique :

• Une première sous-partie qui conclut votre dissertation,
• Un élargissement de la problématique,
• Une troisième sous-partie peut comporter des questions laissées ouvertes.

Vous avez votre plan et vous en êtes content. Maintenant, il est temps de commencer à rédiger… mais dans quel ordre ? La question peut vous surprendre vu que la plupart des gens commencent… par l'introduction. Erreur ! L'introduction est probablement la partie la plus difficile à écrire. Il est beaucoup plus facile de commencer par le corps de la dissertation car c'est vraiment votre sujet. A partir de là, vous pourrez assez facilement écrire la conclusion. Et finalement, à la fin, après avoir passé tout ce temps avec votre dissertation, vous serez en bien meilleure position pour attaquer cette fameuse introduction qui est si difficile.

Séparez les grandes parties (introduction, corps de la dissertation et conclusion) en sautant une ligne. Les différentes parties du corps central de votre dissertation peuvent aussi être séparées par une ligne blanche.   Chaque partie et sous-partie commence typiquement par un alinéa (« indent » en anglais). De cette façon, le lecteur peut, avant même de commencer à lire, voir la structure de votre dissertation.

Les deux à quatre parties du corps de votre dissertation doivent être équilibrées : vous ne voulez pas avoir une partie de plusieurs pages et une autre de quelques lignes. Si tel est le cas, essayez de structurer vos idées différemment en fusionnant certaines parties entre elles ou en revisitant votre plan.

Il est classique de lier les différentes parties ou sous-parties les unes avec les autres grâce à des phrases de transition qui mettent en évidence la cohésion logique de l'ensemble. Vous ne voulez pas que votre essai ressemble à une juxtaposition d'idées sans rapport les unes avec les autres.

En français, comme en anglais, il est important de citer vos sources. Le site de la bibliothèque de SFU a de nombreuses ressources sur le format à suivre : Citation guide: APA .

6. Outil utile : comment faire les caractères français sur n'importe quel clavier ?

La méthode la plus simple est d'utiliser le clavier international américain. Je n'explique pas ici comment l'activer car cela dépend de votre système d'exploitation (OS), mais les instructions sont très simples et disponibles partout sur internet. Une fois activé, le clavier international transforme :

7. Où trouver de l'aide en français ?

Le Student Learning Commons  (SLC) offre depuis l'année dernière deux services pour les étudiants écrivant en français :

• des consultations particulières hebdomadaires
• des ateliers

7.1.1 Consultations particulières

Des consultations particulières hebdomadaires sont disponibles. Prenez rendez-vous sur le site du Student Learning Commons : Academic writing resources . 

7.1.2 Ateliers

Des ateliers d'écriture en français sont organisés régulièrement. Regardez le programme sur le site du Student Learning Commons: Writing workshops .

Si vous avez des suggestions de nouveaux ateliers d'écriture en français qui vous seraient utiles, n'hésitez pas à nous en faire part en écrivant à l'adresse mail [email protected] 

7.2.1 Dictionnaires

7.2.1.1 Français

• Du  Centre National de Ressources Textuelles et Lexicales , le meilleur dictionnaire de français en ligne ! Une ressource vraiment excellente.

7.2.1.2 Français/anglais

• WordReference.com

7.2.2 Conjugaison

• Le Conjugueur  : un bon site de conjugaison 

7.2.3 Plagiat

Toutes les règles que vous avez apprises sur le plagiat dans vos travaux en anglais s'appliquent également en français. Le plagiat est un sujet sérieux que SFU traite avec beaucoup d'attention et si vous n'êtes pas sûrs des règles, je vous encourage vivement à vous familiariser avec elles en lisant les sites suivants. Pour SFU, l'ignorance n'est pas une excuse….

• Voir également: Plagiarism tutorial (SFU Library, anglais)
• Academic honesty

8. S'immerger d'avantage dans le français

8.1.1 meetup français.

• Vancouver French Langage Meetup

8.1.2 Le Centre Culturel Francophone de Vancouver

• Le Centre Culturel Francophone de Vancouver  

8.2.1 Histoire et culture

• Radio Canada : Aujourd'hui l'histoire
• France Culture : Les nuits de France Culture

8.2.2 Infos (« Informations » en France ou « Nouvelles » au Canada)

• France Inter : Le journal de 18h
• Radio Canada : Midi info  

8.2.3 Sciences et technologie

• France Culture : La marche des sciences
• Radio Canada : Les années lumières

8.3.1 Théâtre en français

Théâtre la Seizième

8.3.2 Internet

Nombreuses options pour voir des films, apprendre de nouveaux mots, améliorer sa prononciation, apprendre à conjuguer…

8.3.3 Films

De nombreux films français sont disponibles gratuitement dans les bibliothèques publiques et de SFU :

• SFU Library movie collection . See  How do I find books written in French, Chinese, and other languages? for help narrowing your search to French-language materials.
• Vancouver Public Library
• Burnaby Public Library

This guide was created by Marie-Hélène Burle, December 2016.

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French Writing Practice

French writing exercises by level.

Practise your French writing skills with our ever-growing collection of interactive French writing exercises for every  CEFR level from A0 to C1! If you're unsure about your current proficiency, try our test to get your French level  before diving into the exercises.

All writing exercises are made by our qualified native French teachers to help you improve your writing skills and confidence.

Kwizbot  will give you a series of prompts to translate to French. He’ll show you where you make mistakes as you go along and will suggest related lessons for you.

Boost your French writing skills by adding the lessons you find most interesting to your  Notebook and practising them later.

Click on any exercise to get started.

A1: Beginner French writing exercises

• A busy sea holiday [US: vacation] Le Présent (Indicatif) Article défini Verbes réguliers avec -ER Aline spends her seaside holiday [US: vacation] enjoying water sports.
• A Christmas feast Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Article Food & Drink Celebrations & Important Dates Sébastien is in charge of Christmas Eve Dinner this year.
• A day in my cat Max's life Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Pronom réfléchi Family & Relationships Juliette tells about her cat's daily routine.
• A day in the city of Le Mans Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Adjectif possessif Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Audrey had a nice time visiting Le Mans, in northwestern France.
• A day with my daughter Le Présent (Indicatif) Adverbe Adjectif possessif Marc loves spending the day with his infant daughter!
• A declaration of love Verbes réguliers avec -ER Le Présent (Indicatif) Article défini Here's a lovely love letter for your French Valentine.
• A dream Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Adjectif Family & Relationships Geoffrey tells us about one of his dreams.
• A favour between colleagues Le Présent (Indicatif) Genre féminin Question/Interrogative Brigitte needs a favour from her colleague Sandra.
• A French lunch menu Adjectif Article Article partitif Food & Drink Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Here's the typical lunch menu of a French coffee shop.
• A French woman Le Présent (Indicatif) Genre masculin Genre féminin Employment Élodie tells us about her everyday life as a lawyer specialising in women's rights.
• A love letter Le Présent (Indicatif) Genre féminin Première personne Thomas writes a love letter to his girlfriend Julie.
• A love story Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Adjectif Family & Relationships Cécile and Andrew meet in a bar.
• A musical family Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Adjectif possessif Music Family & Relationships In Killian's family, everyone loves music!
• A new bedroom for Manon Adjectif Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Sophie and Damien are doing some cool DIY in their daughter's bedroom.
• A passion for planes Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Pluriel Léo's little brother loves planes.
• A quick phone call Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet indirect Pronom d'objet direct Family & Relationships Franck calls his wife Lisa before she leaves work.
• A quiet New Year's Eve Préposition Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Bastien likes spending New Year's Eve alone at home.
• A rainy afternoon Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Question/Interrogative Family & Relationships Soizic and Armelle meet up on a rainy day in Brest.
• A romantic Valentine Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Adjectif possessif Celebrations & Important Dates Family & Relationships Henri tells us about his special plans for Valentine's Day.
• A stylish couple Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Préposition Karim describes a couple's stylish outfits.
• A week of good deeds Le Présent (Indicatif) Article défini Article Philippe does one good deed every day.
• A week of treats Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Article défini To treat her mother, Julie organises a week of Mother's Day gifts.
• A winter meal Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Pluriel Food & Drink Bernard has his perfect comfort meal for cold nights.
• Actress Anne Dorval Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Genre féminin Famous People Film & TV Claire tells us about her favourite actress, French-Canadian Anne Dorval.
• Anne's Easter loot Adjectif Préposition Pluriel Celebrations & Important Dates Anne lists all the treats she found during her Easter egg hunt.
• Annoying Things Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Adjectif Family & Relationships Philippe and Julien share some of the things that really annoy them.
• Anthony, hairdresser Le Présent (Indicatif) Genre masculin Genre féminin Anthony tells us about his job as a hairdresser.
• Arnaud and Ophélie describe themselves Le Présent (Indicatif) Article défini Verbes avec -OIR Family & Relationships Arnaud and Ophélie describe themselves physically.
• Astérix Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Verbe irrégulier Learn more about this iconic character from French culture.
• At breakfast Le Présent (Indicatif) Adverbe Adjectif Émilie and Jérémie are having breakfast.
• At midnight Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Verbes réguliers avec -ER Food & Drink Celebrations & Important Dates Family & Relationships Sébastien's family celebrates Christmas on the evening of the 24th.
• At the airport Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Article Louis and Lucie are about to get on a plane.
• At the beach Free Le Présent (Indicatif) Question/Interrogative Verbe irrégulier Food & Drink Sports & Leisure Conversation at the beach between an ice cream vendor and a customer.
• At the beach Le Présent (Indicatif) Pluriel Verbes réguliers avec -ER Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Tom is telling us about his day at the beach.
• At the bookshop Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Question/Interrogative Employment Literature, Poetry, Theatre François needs help choosing a book.
• At the brasserie Le Présent (Indicatif) Question/Interrogative Article Eve orders food at a brasserie in France.
• At the campsite Préposition Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Benjamin and Thomas have just arrived at the campsite.
• At the gift shop Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Adjectif démonstratif Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Mike and Linda pick some souvenirs in a Montmartre gift shop.
• At the newsagent's Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet indirect Pronom d'objet direct Employment Family & Relationships Sophie is buying a few items at a French newsagent's.
• At the sporting goods store Le Présent (Indicatif) Question/Interrogative Verbes réguliers avec -ER Sports & Leisure Alain is buying tennis equipment for his son.
• Baby at the beach Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Préposition Family & Relationships Baby enjoys being at the beach with his family.
• Back to School Adjectif Le Présent (Indicatif) Pluriel Language & Education Family & Relationships Mathieu tells us about going back to school tomorrow.
• Ball Sports Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Pluriel Sports & Leisure Vincent and Leila discuss their favourite ball sports.
• Between neighbours Le Présent (Indicatif) Forme négative Pronom disjonctif Neighbours Jules and Sarah talk about an upcoming barbecue.
• Beyoncé Le Présent (Indicatif) Genre féminin Genre masculin Famous People Music Family & Relationships The famous singer introduces herself.
• Board games Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Adjectif possessif Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Jonathan is playing board games with his family.
• Booking a hotel room Le Présent (Indicatif) Question/Interrogative Verbe irrégulier Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Pierre wants to book a room in a hotel.
• Can I come? Le Présent (Indicatif) Question/Interrogative Préposition Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Marie chats with her roommate's friend Damien.
• Clara's list to Santa Le Présent (Indicatif) Pluriel Adjectif possessif Julien's daughter is quite exhaustive in her list to Santa this year!
• Cleaning with my family Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Genre féminin Family & Relationships Jonathan and his family are cleaning the house today!
• Colourful animals Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Article défini Here's a funny and colourful story about animals.
• Corsica is beautiful! Adjectif Pluriel Le Présent (Indicatif) Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Julien explains why he thinks Corsica is so beautiful.
• Do you like the French language? Adjectif Le Présent (Indicatif) Genre féminin Language & Education Noémie and Léo have opposite opinions on the French language!
• Do you like theme parks? Verbes réguliers avec -ER Le Présent (Indicatif) Genre masculin Sports & Leisure Louis and Zoé give their opposite opinions on theme parks.
• Driving in the city Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Adjectif Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Sophie and Christophe talk about driving in city centres [US: downtown].
• Easter decorations Free Adjectif Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Celebrations & Important Dates Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Alice and her sister Zoé are decorating their house for Easter.
• Easter preparations Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Préposition Celebrations & Important Dates Language & Education Today, Daniel and his pupils are getting ready for Easter.
• Émile and I Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Question/Interrogative Family & Relationships Antoine talks about his imaginary friend, Émile.
• Exchanging a scarf Le Présent (Indicatif) Question/Interrogative Adjectif démonstratif Family & Relationships Christine is returning a scarf to the shop
• Father of two Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Pluriel Family & Relationships Léon talks about his two beloved children.
• Father's Day Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Préposition Sophie has a special routine for Father's Day.
• Filling in a form Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Adjectif Employment Family & Relationships Olivier answers questions from a form.
• First day at uni Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Article défini Samuel and Gina meet at university.
• Food shopping for a picnic Le Présent (Indicatif) Question/Interrogative Article Food & Drink Daniel and Aline are buying food for a picnic.
• For equality Le Présent (Indicatif) Article défini Article Hadrien and Sonia explain why they're for gender equality.
• Gardening with Jacqueline Le Présent (Indicatif) Pluriel Genre masculin Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Julia always loves to take care of her aunt's garden with her.
• Going on a diet Le Présent (Indicatif) Futur Le Futur Proche (Indicatif) Food & Drink Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Marie has a plan to lose weight this year.
• Going shopping Adjectif Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Food & Drink Family & Relationships Annie and Nicolas discuss her upcoming trip to the shop.
• Hanukkah with my family Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Verbes réguliers avec -ER Celebrations & Important Dates Family & Relationships Rachelle celebrates Hanukkah with her family every year.
• Happy New Year! Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Adjectif Paul loves celebrating the New Year.
• Healthcare in France Préposition Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom sujet Learn about France's healthcare system.
• Hello, my name is France! Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Pluriel Politics, History & Economics The country France introduces itself.
• Hello! I'm Mario! Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom Pronom sujet Famous People Sports & Leisure The famous plumber introduces himself.
• Helping my neighbourhood Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Adjectif possessif Family & Relationships Noémie likes helping her neighbours after school.
• Helping the planet Le Présent (Indicatif) Article Préposition Technology & Science François does his best to help the planet in his everyday life.
• How to make a cake Préposition Article Le Futur Proche (Indicatif) Brigitte is going to make a cake today.
• How to stay healthy Le Présent (Indicatif) Forme négative Article Food & Drink Sports & Leisure Matthieu tells us about his healthy habits.
• How to vote at a polling station in France? Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Verbe irrégulier Politics, History & Economics Learn how to vote in a French election.
• Hurray for football [US:soccer]! Verbes réguliers avec -ER Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Annie's brother is a big fan of football [US:soccer].
• Hurray for snow! Le Présent (Indicatif) Adverbe Adjectif Léo loves snow.
• Hurray for the city centre! Préposition Le Présent (Indicatif) Article Julien tells us why he loves living in the city centre [US: downtown].
• Hurray for the internet! Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Adjectif Amir and Chloë talk about why they love the internet.
• I hate the rain! Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Adverbe Sports & Leisure Annie stays in on rainy days
• I love camping! Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Genre masculin Anissa goes camping in the summer.
• I love Hallowe'en! Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Pronom réfléchi Gabriel tells us why he loves Hallowe'en.
• I, Louis XIV Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Adjectif Famous People Politics, History & Economics Family & Relationships The French king Louis XIV tells us about himself.
• I'm hot! Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Verbe irrégulier Family & Relationships Marc offers tips for dealing with the heat.
• I'm Jean Valjean Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Verbes avec -OIR At the beginning of Victor Hugo's "Les Misérables", our hero Jean Valjean knocks on a bishop's door.
• In a Basque restaurant Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Question/Interrogative Food & Drink Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Pascal wants to try a Basque specialty while visiting Biarritz.
• In French class Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom sujet Préposition Language & Education Marc explains what his French lessons consist of.
• In science class Le Présent (Indicatif) Pluriel Article défini Language & Education Family & Relationships Jérôme's favorite subject is science!
• In the bathroom Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Pluriel Adrien describes his bathroom.
• Jean-Paul's routine Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Genre féminin Family & Relationships Retiree Jean-Paul loves his morning routine.
• Job: Postman Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Verbes réguliers avec -ER Employment Philippe tells us about his job as a postman.
• Job: Veterinarian Le Présent (Indicatif) Adverbe Article What does being a veterinarian entail?
• Juliette Binoche Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Article Famous People Film & TV The famous French actress tells us about herself.
• Learning the guitar Le Présent (Indicatif) Genre masculin Pluriel Music Sports & Leisure Stéphane tells us about his guitar lessons.
• Léna's family Le Présent (Indicatif) Genre féminin Genre masculin Family & Relationships Meet Léna's close family.
• Mimi the mermaid Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Verbes réguliers avec -ER Family & Relationships Mimi the mermaid introduces herself.
• Mister Grumpy Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Article Family & Relationships Meet Mister Grumpy who hates jokes, humour and pranks!
• Money and me Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Genre masculin Politics, History & Economics Thibault and Flora are complete opposite when it comes to money!
• Montpellier Hérault Rugby club Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Adjectif possessif Sports & Leisure Martin tells us about his favourite rugby club, the MHR.
• Moods and colours Adjectif Le Présent (Indicatif) Accord Language & Education Family & Relationships Martin likes different colours depending on his mood.
• Mrs Durand's Menagerie Adjectif Le Présent (Indicatif) Pluriel Family & Relationships Mrs Durand loves her many animals.
• My active routine Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Verbes réguliers avec -ER Sports & Leisure Thomas's routine reflects his passion for sports.
• My afternoons with my friend Lise Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Verbes réguliers avec -ER Nora and her friend Lise have a nice Saturday afternoon routine.
• My astronaut costume Le Présent (Indicatif) Pluriel Adverbe Celebrations & Important Dates Sports & Leisure This year, Hugo is dressing up as an astronaut for Mardi Gras.
• My basketball team Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Verbes réguliers avec -ER Quentin loves his basketball team!
• My bicycle ride Free Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Pluriel Bastien loves his weekend ride in the woods.
• My children's Hallowe'en Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Adjectif Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Luc's children are all ready for Hallowe'en.
• My cousin Benjamin Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Pluriel Family & Relationships Jonathan talks about his favourite cousin.
• My daughter and books Le Présent (Indicatif) Pluriel Genre masculin Literature, Poetry, Theatre Sports & Leisure Patrick's daughter has a passion for books !
• My daughter's birthday Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Genre féminin Family & Relationships David's daughter Émilie is turning seven today!
• My daughters' interests Adjectif Le Présent (Indicatif) Genre féminin Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Samuel's daughters have very different interests!
• My dog's birthday Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Préposition Every year, Florian celebrates his dog Max's birthday.
• My eco-friendly habits Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Verbes réguliers avec -ER Marc tries to help the planet in his everyday life.
• My favourite desserts Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Article défini Food & Drink Liliane, Sébastien and François talk about their favourite desserts.
• My favourite instrument Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Verbes réguliers avec -ER Marc and Véronique tell Sabrina what their favourite musical instruments are.
• My favourite season Le Présent (Indicatif) Article défini Adjectif Bertrand tells us why he prefers fall to other seasons.
• My favourite summer fruit Le Présent (Indicatif) Article Article défini Lucas tells what fruit he loves eating in the summer.
• My favourite superheroes Le Présent (Indicatif) Adverbe Verbes réguliers avec -ER Thomas talks about his favourite superheroes.
• My favourite winter drink Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Verbes réguliers avec -ER Food & Drink Find out what Coline's favourite winter drink is!
• My godmother Isabelle and I Le Présent (Indicatif) Genre féminin Adjectif Family & Relationships Simon talks about his great relationship with his godmother.
• My grandson Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Verbe irrégulier Raymond is completely gaga over his first grandson.
• My hotel room Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Préposition Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Lucas describes his Paris hotel room.
• My little sister Le Présent (Indicatif) Genre féminin Genre masculin Family & Relationships Damien's little sister can be pretty annoying.
• My neighbourhood Free Le Présent (Indicatif) Genre masculin Préposition Family & Relationships Antoine tells us about his neighbourhood's best features.
• My New Year's resolutions Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Pluriel Celebrations & Important Dates Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Thierry makes a list of good resolutions for the new year 2020.
• My shopping list Le Présent (Indicatif) Pluriel Article Food & Drink Family & Relationships Bertrand is getting his shopping list ready.
• My sister the nurse Le Présent (Indicatif) Genre masculin Verbes réguliers avec -ER Laure tells us about her sister's job.
• My staycation Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Pluriel Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Sports & Leisure Arthur is going to enjoy his week of staycation.
• My three children Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Genre féminin Justine tells us about her three beloved children.
• My turtle Caroline Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Pluriel Family & Relationships Daniel tells us about his favourite pet.
• My twin daughters Adjectif Pluriel Le Présent (Indicatif) Family & Relationships Philippe tells us about his lovely identical twins Ella and Emma.
• My typical snowy day Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Verbes réguliers avec -ER Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Pauline tells us what she likes to do when it snows outside.
• My week of activities Le Présent (Indicatif) Article défini Verbes réguliers avec -ER Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Julien's week is full on activities!
• Night routine before a test Le Présent (Indicatif) Genre féminin Adjectif Language & Education Technology & Science Antoine's night-before-a-test routine is all about reducing stress.
• No chores for me! Le Présent (Indicatif) Genre masculin Verbes réguliers avec -ER Family & Relationships Teenager Lise hates doing chores.
• On the red carpet Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Genre féminin Art & Design Laura admires the stars' outfits as they walk the red carpet.
• Opposite siblings Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Verbe irrégulier Family & Relationships Élodie tells us how different she is from her brother Thomas.
• Portrait of a cat Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Article défini Family & Relationships Marcel the cat is talking about himself.
• Profession: G.P. [US: family doctor] Le Présent (Indicatif) Genre masculin Pronom démonstratif Employment Technology & Science Thérèse talks about her job as a general practitioner [US: family doctor].
• Profession: Journalist Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Pluriel José tells us about his job as a journalist.
• Quebec City Adjectif Genre féminin Adjectif possessif Olivia loves living in Quebec City.
• Radio news bulletin Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Article Politics, History & Economics Here is a short news broadcast.
• Speed dating Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Verbes réguliers avec -ER Family & Relationships Claudine and Marc get acquainted during a speed dating session.
• Summer food and drinks Adjectif Article défini Pluriel Food & Drink Léa asks her friends what they like to eat and drink in the summer.
• Thanksgiving with family Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom réfléchi Préposition Food & Drink Celebrations & Important Dates Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships James tells us about his Thanksgiving traditions.
• The driving licence test Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Préposition Language & Education Technology & Science Véronique is taking her driving licence exam.
• The election of the French president Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Question/Interrogative Politics, History & Economics Learn how the French president is elected.
• The Hobbies Family Le Présent (Indicatif) Pluriel Troisième personne Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships In Raphaël's family, everyone has a different hobby!
• The woman on the train Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Article Family & Relationships Every morning, Lisa sees this woman on her commuter train.
• Tips to fight the cold Le Présent (Indicatif) Genre masculin Genre féminin Barnabé is very sensitive to cold, but luckily, he has lots of coping mechanisms!
• To buy a train ticket Le Présent (Indicatif) Question/Interrogative Idioms about Time Family & Relationships Thomas is buying a train ticket at a French train station.
• To get to the train station Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Verbes réguliers avec -ER Family & Relationships Arnaud asks a passerby for directions to the train station.
• Toulouse's specialties Adjectif Le Présent (Indicatif) Genre féminin Food & Drink Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Marius and Anaïs talk about the Southern city's delicious specialties.
• Visit to A&E [US: the ER] Le Présent (Indicatif) Genre féminin Adjectif Employment Technology & Science Lucie talks to a doctor at the hospital.
• Visiting Orléans Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Verbes réguliers avec -ER Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Matthieu asks for recommendations for his first time visiting Orléans.
• What is Francophonie? Article Article défini Le Présent (Indicatif) Language & Education Damien explains what francophonie is.
• What's your favourite artistic activity? Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Adjectif Art & Design Sports & Leisure Nora and Lucien share their favourite artistic activities.
• When I'm sick Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Article Family & Relationships Julien tells us what he does when he's ill.
• Where is the town hall? Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Mode impératif Sports & Leisure James asks Mélanie for directions.
• Which French king am I? Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Genre féminin Politics, History & Economics This mysterious French king tells us about himself... do you recognise him?
• Why do I love the Alsace region? Genre féminin Adjectif possessif Pluriel Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Sébastien tells us why he loves this French region.

A2: Lower Intermediate French writing exercises

• 10 house rules for children Mode impératif L'Impératif Présent Préposition Family & Relationships Here are ten rules to make home life nicer.
• A Creole picnic Adjectif Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Food & Drink Monuments, Tourism & Vacations During a visit to La Réunion, Julie and Léo went for a typical Creole meal.
• A day with Grandad Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Bastien went to visit his granddad at his retirement home.
• A family of dog lovers L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Genre féminin Family & Relationships Anthony had many dogs growing up, but Pip was special.
• A few days in Dordogne Free Pronom d'objet direct Adjectif Pronom d'objet indirect Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Monique tells Patrick about her coming holiday [US: vacation].
• A football accident Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Préposition Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Anthony had his friend Bruno over to play...
• A great party for Mum [US:Mom]! Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Verbes avec être comme auxiliaire Participe passé Celebrations & Important Dates Family & Relationships Manon and her sister Aline treated their mother for Mother's Day.
• A great weekend Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Verbes avec être comme auxiliaire Préposition Henri had a lovely weekend.
• A Hallowe'en party Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Question/Interrogative Le Présent (Indicatif) Amélie's guests are having a Hallowe'en blast!
• A holiday [US:vacation] letter Adjectif L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Jacqueline writes about her holiday [US: vacation] to her friend Patricia.
• A love for teaching L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pluriel Damien's passion for teaching started early.
• A new mother Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Adverbe Rachelle and her boyfriend had to learn how to take care of their baby.
• A new TV Adjectif L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Présent (Indicatif) Sébastien tells Yvan about the TV he just bought.
• A nice train journey Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Adjectif Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Family & Relationships Lucie and her boyfriend Marc went to the countryside by train this weekend.
• A noisy hotel room Le Présent (Indicatif) Adverbe Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Bertrand complains to the hotel reception about noises during the night.
• A nostalgic walk Adjectif Adjectif possessif L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Bernard's neighbourhood has changed a lot over the years.
• A romantic trip to Paris Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Préposition Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Family & Relationships Anna took her boyfriend on a romantic trip to Paris.
• A romantic weekend away Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Aline and her boyfriend went away for a relaxing weekend.
• A sleeper's story L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adjectif Amélie used to be a real sleepyhead.
• A Thanksgiving gift Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Participe passé Verbes réguliers avec -ER Tammy's family prepared a Thanksgiving meal for a less fortunate family.
• A week of beach activities Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Verbe auxiliaire Participe passé Oriane spent the week enjoying beach sports and activities.
• A weekend of chores Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Romain and his wife Sabine spent the weekend doing chores.
• Afternoon ice cream Free Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Adjectif Food & Drink Lucie and Greg feel like an ice cream this afternoon.
• An Easter egg hunt Préposition Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adjectif Celebrations & Important Dates Discover where Julien and his siblings found their Easter eggs!
• An Italian holiday [US: vacation] Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Préposition Julia's girlfriends went on an Italian holiday [US: vacation].
• Apple tart Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Participe passé Verbes réguliers avec -ER Bruno helped his aunt make her famous apple tart.
• Arriving at the hotel Pronom d'objet direct Mode impératif Pronom d'objet indirect Employment Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Aline checks into her Parisian hotel.
• At a Fatals Picards concert Adjectif possessif Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adverbe Julien and his friend Matthieu went to see the French band Les Fatals Picards on stage.
• At my best friend's wedding Pronom d'objet direct Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Le Présent (Indicatif) Family & Relationships Patrick gives a toast at Stéphane's wedding.
• At rapper Soprano's concert Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pluriel Troisième personne Music Romain was thrilled to finally see his idol Soprano live!
• At the allergist's Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Présent (Indicatif) Employment Technology & Science Pierre went to the allergist to get a diagnosis.
• At the bar Le Présent (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Forme négative Food & Drink Au bar Patricia and Samuel discuss what drinks they want to order.
• At the bureau de change Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Employment Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Patrick needs to change some dollars upon arriving in Paris.
• At the Chinese restaurant Le Présent (Indicatif) Forme négative Article Food & Drink James is ordering food in a Chinese restaurant.
• At the cinema Le Présent (Indicatif) Adverbe Adjectif possessif Thibault and Aïssa enjoy an evening at the movies.
• At the dermatologist's Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet indirect Pronom d'objet direct Employment Technology & Science Manon needs help with her eczema.
• At the farmers' market Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Verbe irrégulier Food & Drink Sports & Leisure Stéphane enjoys a visit to his local farmers' market.
• At the grocery store Le Présent (Indicatif) Question/Interrogative Préposition Employment Food & Drink Family & Relationships Julie and Frank need some things from the grocery store.
• At the gym Le Présent (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Hélène is looking to join some classes at her gym.
• At the library Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Pronom d'objet indirect Sports & Leisure Alexandre is borrowing a book at his local library.
• At the medieval market in Orléans L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Présent (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Art & Design Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Flora and Sami enjoy Orléans's medieval market.
• At the mountain restaurant Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Pronom d'objet indirect Food & Drink Gérard and Sylvie stop for lunch after their mountain hike.
• At the nail salon Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Préposition Barbara is at the nail salon.
• At the New Year's Eve House Party Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Celebrations & Important Dates Mathieu welcomes his guest at his New Year's Eve house party.
• At the post office Le Présent (Indicatif) Infinitif Adjectif possessif Family & Relationships Christophe has a few errands to run at the post office.
• At the shoe store Le Présent (Indicatif) Question/Interrogative Pronom d'objet indirect Family & Relationships Christine is looking for a pair of shoes with the help of a nice sales assistant.
• At the till [US: cash register] Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Adverbe A customer is offered the shop's loyalty card.
• Bastille Day in the South of France Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adjectif L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Celebrations & Important Dates Bernard tells us about celebrating Bastille Day last summer.
• Bedtime stories L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Adjectif Deuxième personne Literature, Poetry, Theatre Family & Relationships Florian remembers the bedtime ritual he had with his daughter.
• Breakfast in the sun Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adverbe Participe passé Food & Drink Family & Relationships Sabrina surprised Thomas with a nice breakfast on the balcony.
• Calling the hotel's room service Le Présent (Indicatif) Adverbe Pronom démonstratif Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Valérie calls room service from her hotel room.
• Camille Cottin Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Préposition Verbes avec être comme auxiliaire The French actress introduces herself.
• Chocolate mousse cooking tips! Mode impératif Le Présent (Indicatif) L'Impératif Présent Food & Drink André gives us some tips to make the perfect chocolate mousse.
• Chocolatier Amaury Guichon Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Préposition Inès introduces Thibault to the famous pastry chef and chocolatier.
• Conversation on the plane Le Présent (Indicatif) Question/Interrogative Voix pronominale Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Family & Relationships Pascal and Julie get acquainted on a flight to Montpellier.
• Cooking as a family L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Préposition Adjectif Food & Drink Family & Relationships Yesterday, Antoine and his family made tartiflette together.
• Dividing the restaurant bill Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Verbes réguliers avec -ER Food & Drink Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Sports & Leisure Isabelle and her friends are splitting the bill at the restaurant.
• Do you have a favourite male singer? L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Genre féminin Genre masculin Famous People Music Simone and Amélie are talking about their favourite French-speaking male singers.
• Do you have any dirty clothes? Le Présent (Indicatif) Question/Interrogative Pronom d'objet direct Family & Relationships Bastien and his mother debate the need for a dirty laundry basket.
• Drawing a face Adjectif L'Impératif Présent Mode impératif Teacher François asks his pupils to draw a face.
• Driving in France Le Présent (Indicatif) Adverbe Adjectif Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Technology & Science Here are a few things to be aware of when driving in France!
• Easter in France Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Article défini Learn more about how French people celebrate Easter.
• Finding a Father's Day present Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adjectif Préposition Louna and her brother Nassim went shopping for Father's Day.
• Fireworks Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Participe passé Idioms about Time Celebrations & Important Dates Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Juliette went to watch New Year's fireworks yesterday.
• First Christmas Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Adjectif This year was baby Tristan's first Christmas.
• First visit to the vet L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Genre masculin Genre féminin Sébastien's cat just gave birth to four little kittens!
• Fishing with Dad Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pluriel Première personne Sports & Leisure Benjamin went fishing with his father last Sunday.
• From the city to the countryside Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Verbes avec être comme auxiliaire Marie decided to leave Paris to live in the countryside.
• Gardening : yes or no? Verbes réguliers avec -ER Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom sujet Thibault and Cécile gives their differing opinions on gardening.
• Getting to know each other Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Employment Family & Relationships New colleagues Julien and Olivier get to know each other over a coffee.
• Giving up tobacco Le Présent (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Family & Relationships Amélie has stopped smoking and she's so happy about it!
• Gwoka: Guadeloupe's music Le Présent (Indicatif) Article défini Article Learn about Guadeloupe's traditional music.
• Holiday [US: Vacation] by the sea L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Préposition Adjectif possessif Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Family & Relationships Édouard remembers his childhood seaside holidays [US: vacations] in the south of France.
• I love autumn! Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Préposition Food & Drink Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Jacqueline tells us what she loves to do in the fall.
• I love my grandmother! Le Présent (Indicatif) Pluriel Préposition Family & Relationships Lucas tells us about his lovely grandmother.
• I love the mountains! Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Le Présent (Indicatif) Adverbe Gilles shares why he loves going to the mountains more than going to the seaside.
• I prefer going skiing Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Comparatif Sports & Leisure Pierre tells us why he prefers going skiing rather than beach holidays.
• In a taxi Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet indirect Pronom d'objet direct Family & Relationships Magalie needs her taxi to take her for a few errands.
• In the changing rooms Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Pronom d'objet direct Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Mélanie is trying on a dress... and testing Pierre's patience!
• Instagram love Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adverbe Préposition Family & Relationships Technology & Science Julien and Sandra became famous thanks to their Instagram account.
• Instructions for a test Mode impératif L'Impératif Présent Préposition Language & Education Teacher Marc read out the instructions for today's French test.
• It's not my fault! Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Genre féminin Adjectif possessif Teacher Émilie lists her students' funny excuses.
• Jacques Brel Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Gaston is a big fan of the Belgian singer-songwriter.
• Jojo is such a joker! Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Genre féminin Family & Relationships Thomas talks about his school friend Jojo, who loves a joke.
• Last night's party Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Verbes avec être comme auxiliaire Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Pauline and Adrien discuss yesterday's party at Thomas's house.
• Les Sables-d'Olonne Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Adjectif Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Julien enjoyed his stay in the seaside town of Les Sables-d'Olonne, in the Pays de la Loire region in France.
• Lockdown solidarity Free Le Présent (Indicatif) Genre masculin Adjectif possessif Family & Relationships Clément and his neighbours organised to help each other.
• Making Halloween decorations Question/Interrogative Pronom d'objet direct Préposition Celebrations & Important Dates Sports & Leisure Elsie and her mother are making some spooky Halloween decorations.
• Mister Snowman Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adjectif Verbes réguliers avec -ER Mister Snowman was born this morning.
• Mother's Day presents Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet indirect Pronom d'objet direct Eve and Ornella compare their Mother's Day presents.
• Movie Date Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Verbes avec être comme auxiliaire Film & TV Family & Relationships Luc was nervous for his first date with Belinda.
• Movie night at home Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adverbe Le Présent (Indicatif) Film & TV Food & Drink Pauline and Alex are getting ready to watch a movie at home.
• Moving in: Calling the electric company Adjectif possessif Le Présent (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Family & Relationships Bruno sets up the electricity account for his new place.
• Muscle ache Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Family & Relationships Viviane tells her friend Jérôme how going back to the gym left her pretty sore!
• My afternoon at the funfair L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Sports & Leisure Sébastien spent last Saturday afternoon at the funfair with his friend Matthieu.
• My breakfast habits L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Genre féminin Food & Drink Sophie's breakfast habits have changed quite a lot over time.
• My children's after-school activities Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Genre féminin Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Marc's children have picked their after school activities for this year.
• My cousin and her accordion Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Language & Education Music Aurélie's cousin Lyse plays the accordion.
• My dad is the best! Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet indirect Verbes réguliers avec -ER Celebrations & Important Dates Family & Relationships Colette talks about her father and how kind he is.
• My driving licence [US: driver's license] Le Présent (Indicatif) Pluriel Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Family & Relationships Jean-Pierre is taking his driving test tomorrow.
• My electric car Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adjectif Le Présent (Indicatif) François is really happy to have bought an electric car, despite a few disadvantages.
• My favourite team won! Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Genre féminin Yesterday, Anna celebrated her team's victory.
• My favourite work of art Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Adjectif possessif Art & Design Stéphane asks Isabelle, Clémence and Benjamin about their favourite works of art.
• My gratitude journal Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Genre masculin Benoît gets a lot out of his gratitude journal.
• My Hallowe'en costume Adjectif Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Genre féminin Daniel tells us how hard it can be to pick one's Hallowe'en costume.
• My head in the stars L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Préposition Genre masculin Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Technology & Science Thomas has always had one passion: the stars.
• My kids' letter to Santa Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pluriel Participe passé Celebrations & Important Dates Family & Relationships Julia's twins wrote their first letter to Santa.
• My name is Tintin! Verbes réguliers avec -ER Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Le Présent (Indicatif) Language & Education Literature, Poetry, Theatre Famous reporter Tintin introduces himself.
• My new glasses L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet indirect Technology & Science Michel recently realised he needed glasses.
• My trips to the swimming pool with my daughter L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Préposition Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Brigitte fondly remembers her weekly trips to the swimming pool with her young daughter.
• My weekend with Mum [US: Mom] Free Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Participe passé Adjectif possessif Family & Relationships Claire spent quality time with her mother last weekend.
• My weekend's activities Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Concordance des Temps Verbe irrégulier Sports & Leisure Éric tells us how the weather affected his weekend.
• My weekends with Dad L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Pluriel Préposition Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Alexandre remembers the getaway weekends he used to spend with his father.
• My work experience placement Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Thomas worked in an office as part of his work experience placement.
• Napoleon, a Corsican emperor Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Genre L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Famous People Politics, History & Economics Did you know that French emperor Napoleon was from Corsica?
• Natural disasters Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Verbe irrégulier Technology & Science Frank and Julien talk about natural disasters and their causes.
• New Year's celebrations in Belgium Adjectif Préposition L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Food & Drink Celebrations & Important Dates Magalie discovered a few Belgian traditions when she spent New Year's there.
• New Year's plans Le Présent (Indicatif) Le Futur Proche (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Celebrations & Important Dates Yann and Paul are discussing their plans for New Year's Eve.
• On the first floor of the Eiffel Tower L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Présent (Indicatif) Question/Interrogative Visitors Jenny and Sam chat on the first floor of the famous Eiffel tower.
• One day in Father Christmas's workshop Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adjectif Verbes réguliers avec -ER Let's peek through the window to see what the elves are doing.
• Organising my desk Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adjectif Adverbe Language & Education Julie got her desk ready to go back to school.
• Our new family member Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adjectif Adjectif possessif Family & Relationships The family is growing bigger with the arrival of Minette, our new cat.
• Paying bills Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Pronom d'objet indirect Roommates Émilie and Judith discuss bills.
• Phone call from the bank Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet indirect Pronom d'objet direct Family & Relationships Mr Dupuy gets a phone call from his bank.
• Picking an outfit Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Pronom d'objet indirect Emma is choosing an outfit with the help of her friend Lucie.
• Playing with my boys Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Pronom sujet Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Romain likes spending time with his sons.
• Postcard from Vendée Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Sports & Leisure Juliette writes a postcard from the Vendée region in France to her best friend Matt.
• Quitting a job Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Employment Michelle had had enough of her boss's disrespect.
• Reading "The Lord of the Rings" L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Baptiste remembers the first time he read Tolkien's masterpiece.
• Room for dessert? Le Présent (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Food & Drink Olivier and his girlfriend Sarah debate having dessert at the restaurant.
• Saïd Taghmaoui Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Préposition L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Famous People Film & TV Learn about this famous French-Moroccan-American actor.
• Salad Niçoise recipe Mode impératif L'Impératif Présent Préposition Food & Drink Babette teaches us how to make a salad Niçoise.
• Segway in the park L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Le Présent (Indicatif) Noémie and her friend Manon went for a Segway ride in Versailles's royal gardens.
• Senegalese soldiers Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Préposition Politics, History & Economics Learn about these Senegalese soldiers and their role in French History.
• Studying abroad Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Verbes avec être comme auxiliaire Language & Education Daniela shares her experience studying abroad for a year.
• Switzerland Article défini Adjectif Genre Learn more about this Francophone country.
• Taking Grandma phone shopping L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet indirect Family & Relationships Marielle took her grandmother to buy a mobile phone.
• Tent or camper van? Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Adjectif Sports & Leisure André and Yann discuss their camping preferences.
• The birth of my son Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Geoffrey remembers the first time he saw his son.
• The Grund neighbourhood in Luxembourg City Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adjectif Verbes réguliers avec -ER Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Joséphine tells us about her favourite area in Luxembourg City.
• The LU Tower in Nantes Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom sujet Pronom Food & Drink Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Romain visited the famous former biscuit [US: cookie] factory in Nantes.
• The new menu at the Bistro du Soleil Adjectif Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Le Présent (Indicatif) Food & Drink Julien was happy to discover the Bistro du Soleil's new menu.
• The perfect couple Le Présent (Indicatif) Adverbe Verbes réguliers avec -ER Family & Relationships Marielle tells us why she thinks that Marc and Julien are the perfect couple.
• The right to vote in France Adjectif Le Présent (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Politics, History & Economics Find out facts about the right to vote in France.
• This week Le Présent (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pluriel Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Paul talks about his busy week.
• Tom's first day back to school Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Verbes avec être comme auxiliaire Reflexive verbs Émilie tells us about her son Tom's first day of school.
• Two great museums in Nice Le Présent (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Art & Design Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Barnabé tells Hélène about his visits to the Chagall and Matisse museums in Nice.
• Two major French-speaking female authors Le Présent (Indicatif) Genre masculin Adverbe Language & Education Literature, Poetry, Theatre Eric and Fiona talk about French-speaking authors Myriam Warner-Vieyra and Maryse Condé.
• Une leçon de ski L'Impératif Présent Mode impératif Adjectif possessif Sports & Leisure Julie and Yvan are having their first ski lesson.
• Visit of Marseille Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Verbes avec être comme auxiliaire L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Gaspard spent the weekend in Marseille, France.
• Visiting Toulouse Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adjectif Préposition Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Bastien and Léa enjoyed their visit of Toulouse's historical centre.
• Weather forecast Préposition Le Futur Proche (Indicatif) Le Présent (Indicatif) Technology & Science Here's a French weather forecast.
• Weekend in Lyon Free Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Préposition Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Vincent tells us about the weekend he spent in Lyon with his cousin.
• Welcome to the Sticks Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Film & TV Mickaël learned a lot from this funny French comedy.
• What a change! L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Émilie moved from a small village to Paris, and that's a big change!
• What do you want to watch? Le Présent (Indicatif) Mode impératif Question/Interrogative Grégoire and Inès decide what they want to watch on TV.
• When I became a vegetarian Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Forme négative Pronom d'objet indirect Food & Drink Family & Relationships Geoffrey tells us about his journey becoming a vegetarian.
• Who am I? Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Famous People Politics, History & Economics Guess who this important figure of the French Resistance is.
• Who is this writer ? Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adjectif Participe passé Famous People Literature, Poetry, Theatre Guess who this (male) French writer is!
• Why I learned German L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Préposition Sabrina tells us why she first decided to learn German.
• Why study French? Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Language & Education Hugo gives us his reasons to pick up French again.
• Working from home - an opinion L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet indirect Patrick tells us about trying WFH a few months ago.

B1: Intermediate French writing exercises

• A better commute L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Préposition Pronom relatif Technology & Science Aurélie is looking forward to the new, much better commute she'll have soon.
• A childhood passion L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adverbe Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Vincent and his brother loved video games growing up.
• A clichéd break-up Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Pronom d'objet indirect Family & Relationships François uses all the clichéd breakup lines to leave his girlfriend Sophie.
• A dinner invitation Préposition Le Conditionnel Présent Article défini Sabrina invites her friends Louise and Manon to dinner.
• A family day at the park Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Préposition Food & Drink Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Benoît will spend this Saturday at the park with his daughter Mia.
• A French April Fool's Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Verbes réguliers avec -IR Celebrations & Important Dates Sports & Leisure Cécile and her sons are making the traditional French fish for April Fool's day.
• A friend's apology Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Forme négative Verbe irrégulier Gaston apologises for hurting his friend Miriam.
• A game of hide and seek Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Family & Relationships Linda and Christian are watching from afar a game of hide and seek between the children.
• A gem of a restaurant Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Gilles and his wife Martine discovered a little Italian restaurant in town last weekend.
• A good work routine Verbes réguliers avec -ER Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Genre féminin Employment Marc plans to improve his work routine.
• A greener future Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Verbes réguliers avec -IR Technology & Science Julien is seeing a future where people are more eco-conscious.
• A Horror Story Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet indirect Pronom d'objet direct Celebrations & Important Dates Family & Relationships On a dark October night, Emma received a disturbing call...
• A luxury holiday [US: vacation] with friends Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Verbes réguliers avec -IR Alain has the perfect luxury holiday [US: vacation] planned for when he wins the lottery!
• A special Monday Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Celebrations & Important Dates Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Anna is looking forward to a lazy Easter Monday!
• A strange encounter Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pronom réfléchi Pronom d'objet indirect Literature, Poetry, Theatre Family & Relationships Yoann had the strangest encounter in the Broceliande forest!
• A trip to the cinema Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Le Présent (Indicatif) Film & TV Sports & Leisure Antoine and his daughter Emma are planning a trip to the movies.
• A weather forecast Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Préposition Verbe irrégulier Technology & Science Find out what tomorrow's weather will be like.
• A weekend in Montpellier Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Le Présent (Indicatif) Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Élise and Lucas plan their weekend in the southern French city.
• A wonderful job Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Pronom relatif Guillaume loves his job as an A&E [US: ER] doctor.
• An afternoon in the fall Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet indirect Adjectif Zoë is planning to meet her friend Quentin for a nice October afternoon.
• An amazing New Year's Eve meal Préposition Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet indirect Food & Drink Celebrations & Important Dates Henriette is planning a dazzling meal for New Year!
• An annoying cat allergy L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Genre féminin Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Family & Relationships Éloïse suffers from an annoying cat allergy.
• An awful new boyfriend L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adverbe Grégory finds his aunt's new boyfriend quite repulsive!
• An incredibly caring boy L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Family & Relationships Lydia's son, Olivier, is such a caring person.
• An old scary tradition L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Préposition Adjectif Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Celebrations & Important Dates Yoann recalls celebrating the old Celtic tradition of Samhain with his Gran.
• An opinion on football [US:soccer] Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom relatif Verbes réguliers avec -ER Théo has a nuanced take on football [US:soccer].
• Anger management Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Adverbe Lucie talks about her techniques to manage her anger.
• Animal emergency Le Présent (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Family & Relationships Julien's cat is stuck in the tree!
• Around the world by motorcycle Le Conditionnel Présent Préposition Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Sports & Leisure Joël would love to travel the world on his motorcycle.
• Artist Chéri Chérin Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adjectif Verbes réguliers avec -ER Art & Design Famous People Learn about the amazing Congolese artist Chéri Chérin.
• Asking about a hotel room Adjectif possessif Verbe irrégulier Préposition Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Catherine has a few questions about the hotel room she's booked.
• At the amusement park Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Sports & Leisure Thomas will go to the amusement park with his friend Samia for their birthday this year.
• At the coffee machine Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Forme négative Cyril, Pauline and Eve catch up by the coffee machine on Monday morning.
• At the doctor's Le Présent (Indicatif) Mode impératif L'Impératif Présent Family & Relationships Robert goes to the doctor for a consultation.
• At the patisserie Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Le Conditionnel Présent Le Présent (Indicatif) Daniel needs a special cake.
• At the till Préposition Verbes réguliers avec -ER Le Présent (Indicatif) Employment Sports & Leisure Peter is at the till [US: cash register] of a French supermarket.
• Back pain L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adverbe Flora tells the doctor how she hurt her back.
• Beatrice's baby shower Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Emma and her sister organised their cousin's baby shower.
• Becoming a model L'Impératif Présent Mode impératif Préposition Art & Design Employment Enjoy some useful tips on becoming a model.
• Becoming an astronaut L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Pronom d'objet indirect Élodie dreams of becoming an astronaut.
• Belgian food facts Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Genre Discover some interesting food-related facts about Belgium.
• Birthday makeover Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pluriel Adjectif possessif Family & Relationships "New year, new me" Julia thought on her 20th birthday.
• Booking an appointment at the dentist's Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet indirect Pronom d'objet direct Famous People Marc needs an urgent dentist appointment for a bad toothache.
• Busy Schedule Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Idioms about Time Family & Relationships Isabelle recaps what everyone will have to do on Saturday!
• Camping at home Préposition Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Sports & Leisure Gabriel and Rose are making plans for the weekend.
• Cancelling a purchase L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Préposition Justin calls Bokado's customer service to cancel his order.
• Cathy's future holiday [US: vacation] in Montpellier Free Préposition Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Learn about Cathy's plan to spend her holiday [US: vacation] in Montpellier.
• Choosing a travel pass in Paris Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet indirect Pronom d'objet direct Susan needs (travel) tickets to visit Paris.
• Christmas at my parents' house Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Participe passé Verbe irrégulier Quentin spent a classic Christmas with his parents.
• Christmas in the mountains Le Présent (Indicatif) Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Celebrations & Important Dates Family & Relationships Antoine will spend Christmas at his dad's house in the Alps, if he can get there!
• Christmas specialities Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Article Food & Drink Celebrations & Important Dates Paul tells us about some traditional French Christmas dishes.
• Conversation between the election's two rounds Le Présent (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Question/Interrogative Politics, History & Economics Marc explains the French presidential election process to his friend Alice.
• Corsican polyphonic singing Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Genre Verbes réguliers avec -ER Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Music Do you know about this bewitchingly melodic tradition from Corsica?
• Credit card fraud Verbes réguliers avec -ER Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Participe passé Josiane calls her bank about a suspicious transaction.
• Cycling in Nantes Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Adjectif Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Sports & Leisure Isabelle agrees with Nantes's status as France's "cycling capital".
• Dalida Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Genre féminin Adjectif possessif Famous People Music Learn about Dalida, an iconic French-speaking singer.
• Dealing with your emotions Adverbe Mode impératif Adjectif possessif Sports & Leisure Technology & Science Here's a guide to keeping calm.
• Discussing a ski weekend Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Pronom d'objet direct Sports & Leisure Laurent and his friend Matt are planning their ski weekend.
• Dreaming of Paris Le Conditionnel Présent Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Family & Relationships Grégory imagines his ideal Valentine's Day's proposal.
• Easter baking class Pronom d'objet direct Préposition Adjectif Food & Drink Celebrations & Important Dates Flora and Yvan enjoy decorating their Easter chocolate bunnies.
• Family holiday car trip Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Family & Relationships Let the squabbles begin!
• Flying anxiety Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Le Présent (Indicatif) Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Family & Relationships Jean-Luc has a plan to deal with his fear of flying.
• Following the GPS Mode impératif L'Impératif Présent Préposition Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Technology & Science Follow this GPS's instructions to reach your destination.
• François Damiens's hidden camera videos L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Article Adjectif possessif Philippe and Anissa talk about their favourite hidden camera pranks by François Damiens.
• Getting ready for autumn Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Verbe irrégulier Celebrations & Important Dates Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Rosalie won't get caught out by the arrival of autumn this year.
• Giving up smoking L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Forme négative Family & Relationships François tells us how he managed to stop smoking.
• Going back in time Le Conditionnel Présent Verbe irrégulier L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Politics, History & Economics Family & Relationships Marine asks Amanda, Bruno and Sébastien what they would do if they could go back in time.
• Going to the bank Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Préposition Adjectif possessif Family & Relationships Flora and her father need to go to the bank.
• Guadeloupe's Carnival Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Adverbe Discover this colourful Guadeloupe tradition.
• How do you like to keep up with the news? Le Présent (Indicatif) Pluriel Deuxième personne Vanessa and Ludovic tell us how they stay informed.
• How to share household chores equally Mode impératif L'Impératif Présent Préposition Family & Relationships Follow Céline's tips to share household chores more equally.
• I love swimming! L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Sports & Leisure Thomas tells us about his love for swimming and his hope to one day dive from up high!
• I miss French food! L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Adjectif Pronom d'objet indirect Food & Drink Hélène tells Betty how she's coping with missing French food abroad.
• I want to help! Le Conditionnel Présent Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Préposition Family & Relationships Suzanne wishes she had more time to help others.
• I, Lucky Luke Le Conditionnel Présent Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Adverbe Literature, Poetry, Theatre Christophe imagines what he would do if he were the fastest shooter in the West.
• I've always loved French Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Emily has always had a fascination for the French language.
• If I could be a child again Le Conditionnel Présent Adverbe Forme négative Laurent would love to be 10 again.
• If I could start over... Le Conditionnel Présent Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet indirect Employment Language & Education Anne wishes she could do things differently.
• If I were a chef Le Conditionnel Présent Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Pronom relatif Food & Drink Benjamin tells us of his dream of being a chef.
• If I were Céline Dion Le Conditionnel Présent Adjectif Préposition Ornella imagines what it would be like to be the French Canadian star.
• If I were Wonder Woman Le Conditionnel Présent Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Pronom réfléchi Film & TV Literature, Poetry, Theatre Annie imagines what it would be like to be Wonder Woman.
• In the changing rooms [US: locker rooms] Pronom d'objet direct Pronom d'objet indirect Forme négative The guys are chatting after football [US: soccer] practice.
• Interview with a jewellery creator Le Présent (Indicatif) Pluriel Verbes réguliers avec -ER Art & Design Hugo is interviewing Marie who creates her own jewellery.
• Ivory Coast: a destination like no other Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Verbes réguliers avec -ER Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Find out why Ivory Coast is such an amazing holiday [US:vacation] destination.
• Learning to read in French Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Language & Education David talks about how he learned to read fluently in French.
• Let's go back to the gym! Verbes réguliers avec -ER Adverbe Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Olivier and Victoria discuss going back to the gym after the winter.
• Liberty, Equality, Fraternity Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adjectif Participe passé Learn about the origin of the French Republic motto.
• Lighthouses in Brittany Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Préposition Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Politics, History & Economics Learn about the beautiful lighthouses you can find in Brittany.
• Lockdown shopping Le Présent (Indicatif) Adverbe Préposition Marguerite's Christmas shopping habits will be a bit disrupted this year.
• Looking for a new house Pronom d'objet direct Pronom d'objet indirect Le Conditionnel Présent Sébastien and Éric are looking at real-estate listings.
• Looking for my phone Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Adverbe Pronom d'objet direct Family & Relationships Jonathan lost his phone on the train...
• Lyon saucisson Adjectif Idioms about Time Genre féminin Food & Drink Learn about Lyon's famous pork sausage and how best to enjoy it.
• Making friends online Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Participe passé Family & Relationships Technology & Science Find out how Mary made new friends online
• Marseille's famous people Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adverbe Adjectif Louis and Emma talk about their favourite celebrities from Marseille.
• Message to my granddaughters Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Verbe irrégulier Family & Relationships Grandmother Viviane has a message for her beloved granddaughters.
• My brother and his wife Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Genre féminin Pronom d'objet indirect Family & Relationships Marielle tells us about her brother's great relationship.
• My European trip Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Préposition Verbes réguliers avec -ER Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Jonathan is planning a mini tour of Europe for next year's holiday [US: vacation].
• My family's breakfasts Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Pluriel Food & Drink Sébastien tells us about his family's different breakfast routines.
• My favourite things at Easter Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Pronom relatif Celebrations & Important Dates Family & Relationships Alain talks about the things he loves about this time of year.
• My Hallowe'en Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -IR Verbes réguliers avec -ER Like every year, Bastien will spend Hallowe'en with his nephews.
• My ideal day Le Conditionnel Présent Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Première personne Sports & Leisure Anna tells us how she would spend her ideal day.
• My ideal garden Adjectif Adverbe Le Conditionnel Présent Flora imagines her perfect garden.
• My ideal person Le Conditionnel Présent Adjectif possessif Deuxième personne Family & Relationships Cédric imagines his ideal partner.
• My love for museum gift shops Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Adjectif Art & Design Laurent loves museums, and their gift shops even more!
• My neighbour from Hell Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Adverbe Family & Relationships Julie's neighbour, Sonia, is pretty terrible!
• My new flat [US: apartment] L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Family & Relationships Franck is moving soon into a much nicer flat [US: apartment]
• My New Year's Eve's celebration Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Verbes réguliers avec -IR Food & Drink Celebrations & Important Dates This year, Paul is hosting New Year's Eve.
• My next holiday [US: vacation] Verbes réguliers avec -ER Préposition Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Monuments, Tourism & Vacations François has his holiday [US: vacation] to Canada well planned!
• My post-university plans Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Adverbe Employment Language & Education Antony wants to move to Paris after his studies.
• My Provence dream Le Conditionnel Présent Verbe irrégulier Pronom relatif Juliette dreams of what life would be like if she lived in Provence.
• New in town Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Adjectif Verbes réguliers avec -ER Family & Relationships Caroline writes in her diary about her plans to make new friends in a new town.
• New recruit Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Adverbe Employment Family & Relationships Antoine sums up his first two months in the company.
• New year, new resolutions Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Comparatif Pronom disjonctif Celebrations & Important Dates Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Séverine and her friend Maya discuss their future New Year's resolutions.
• Next summer in Paris Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet indirect Verbes réguliers avec -ER Sabrina will visit her friends in Paris next summer.
• On the phone to Grandma Pronom d'objet indirect Pronom d'objet direct Le Présent (Indicatif) Family & Relationships Jeanne calls her grandmother to catch up.
• Our family chalet L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Présent (Indicatif) Genre féminin Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Sports & Leisure Florian tells about his family's chalet tradition.
• Our Halloween costumes Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adjectif Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Celebrations & Important Dates Lisa and her friend Olivier discuss what they'll wear for Halloween.
• Our next family reunion Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Préposition Sophie can't wait to see her family again.
• Our Parisian holiday Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Préposition Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Anthony has his Paris holiday all planned out.
• Our plans for Music Day Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Celebrations & Important Dates Music Sabine and Thomas discuss their plans to celebrate Music Day on June 21.
• Picking our wedding flowers Adjectif possessif Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Pluriel Perrine has opted for a country-style wedding, with matching flowers.
• Police check Le Présent (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Family & Relationships Janine is stopped for a routine police check.
• Preparing our shopping list Le Présent (Indicatif) Article Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Food & Drink Thibault and Julie are writing their shopping list.
• Ready for Easter Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Préposition Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Celebrations & Important Dates Christine and Baptiste discuss their plans for Easter.
• Ready for school? Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Genre féminin Celebrations & Important Dates Language & Education Family & Relationships Lisa and Jonathan discuss their kids' state of mind before going back to school.
• Ready for the zombie apocalypse Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Verbe irrégulier Sébastien explains how he and his friends will deal with the imminent zombie apocalypse.
• Redecorating the bedroom Préposition Le Présent (Indicatif) Adverbe Art & Design Jean-Marc and Pauline are chatting about redecorating their bedroom.
• Sailing in the Caribbean Le Conditionnel Présent Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Préposition Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Sports & Leisure Patrick and Sébastien are planning a sailing tour of some of Caribbean islands.
• Selfies L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Le Présent (Indicatif) Family & Relationships Technology & Science Marc considers the photographic phenomenon of the selfie.
• Selling stamps L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Christophe needs help to sell a stamp collection.
• Spanish cooking Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Food & Drink Jean-Luc cooked a Spanish meal for his friends, with mixed results!
• Splitting the bill Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Verbes avec être comme auxiliaire Food & Drink Sports & Leisure Lisa, Julien and Manon have to split the bill at the restaurant.
• Squabbling Sisters' Scrabble Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Pronom d'objet direct Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Maya and Liane are arguing while playing Scrabble.
• Studying abroad Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Le Présent (Indicatif) Language & Education Louis decided to go study abroad next year.
• Studying for an exam Pronom d'objet direct Verbe irrégulier Pronom d'objet indirect Language & Education Julie, Matthieu and Laurent discuss their revision strategies.
• Studying programme Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Adjectif indéfini Language & Education Jérôme and Thomas have a plan to study for their end-of-semester exams.
• Surfing in Biarritz Préposition Adjectif Le Présent (Indicatif) Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Sports & Leisure Milo and Stéphane talk about going surfing in Biarritz.
• Synchronised swimming L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Adverbe Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Frank would love to join a synchronised swimming team.
• Table for one Question/Interrogative Mode impératif Préposition Food & Drink Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Kelly is trying her luck for a table at a restaurant.
• The 8 skittles game Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Verbe irrégulier Sports & Leisure Learn about this French version of a classic sport.
• The best carnivals in the world Le Conditionnel Présent Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Adjectif Celebrations & Important Dates Sports & Leisure Simon asks Mathieu and Lydia what carnival they'd love to go to.
• The best concert ever! Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Music Laura tells us about the great concert she went to yesterday.
• The brass band Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Music Alice can't wait to go and see the brass band on Sunday!
• The Cirque of Mafate in La Réunion Le Présent (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Find out about an exceptional place to visit on Réunion island.
• The manga phenomenon in France Adjectif Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Le Présent (Indicatif) Learn more about French people's love for these Japanese comics.
• The new dad Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Verbes réguliers avec -ER Family & Relationships Christophe wants to share so much with his newly born daughter.
• The play Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Pronom d'objet direct Literature, Poetry, Theatre Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Lucie just joined an after work drama class.
• The pleasure of traditional mail L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Présent (Indicatif) Adverbe Coralie has always loved sending and receiving letters.
• The power of love L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adverbe Gaspard became a new man when he fell in love.
• The year of the Baccalauréat Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Adverbe Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Language & Education Laurent is planning the year ahead to prepare his end-of-high school exams.
• Travel money in France: what to do and not to do Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Verbes réguliers avec -ER Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Politics, History & Economics Sports & Leisure Listen to Marc, a travel expert, tell people about travel money on a radio show.
• Trip to Paris Free Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Family & Relationships Mélanie's sister and her husband went to Paris last year.
• Trip to the theatre Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adverbe Pronom d'objet direct Thierry went back to the theatre last weekend.
• Two model daughters Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Verbes réguliers avec -IR Family & Relationships Marina and Louise are on their best behaviour to convince their parents to let them go out.
• Visit to the Chocolate Fair Préposition Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Food & Drink Vincent and his familly will go to the Paris Chocolate Fair this year.
• Watching the Olympic Games Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Bruno and Flora like following the Olympics.
• What I love about my partner Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Verbes réguliers avec -ER Adèle talks about her partner's best features.
• What literary hero would you be? Le Conditionnel Présent Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Adjectif Literature, Poetry, Theatre Michel and Lisa discuss what character from a novel they'd like to be.
• When I'm retired Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Adjectif Pluriel Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Bernard tells us what he'll do once he retires.
• Which band to see? Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Verbes réguliers avec -ER Sabrina and Angélique are deciding which band they want to go see next.
• Winter weather forecast Préposition Verbe irrégulier Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Film & TV Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Tomorrow's weather forecast is very wintery.

B2: Upper Intermediate French writing exercises

• "Amélie": my favourite film! Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Verbes réguliers avec -ER Film & TV Lisa explains why "Amélie" is her favourite film.
• "Vernon Subutex" - an opinion Le Présent (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Carole tells us why she loves the first volume of Virginie Despentes's trilogy.
• (Scary) Bedtime stories Le Subjonctif Présent Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet indirect Jasmine talks to her partner Nicolas about the type of bedtime stories he is telling their son.
• A busy weekend ahead Le Subjonctif Présent Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Mode subjonctif Family & Relationships Olivier sums up his busy schedule for the weekend.
• A day in the countryside Free Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Préposition Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Marie spent last weekend in the countryside with her daughters.
• A great Advent calendar Adjectif Le Présent (Indicatif) L'Impératif Présent Celebrations & Important Dates Sports & Leisure Find out how to make a unique Advent calendar.
• A great passion for reading L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Pluriel Literature, Poetry, Theatre Sports & Leisure Florence talks about her grandmother's passion for books.
• A History of French TV Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pronom relatif Préposition Film & TV Learn some interesting facts about the beginnings of French TV.
• A little lost dog L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Préposition Sébastien helped a lost dog find his home.
• A networking New Year's Eve Le Subjonctif Présent Le Présent (Indicatif) Mode subjonctif Jacques has to go to a networking party for work on New Year's Eve.
• A nice morning surprise Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Préposition Pronom d'objet direct Food & Drink Lucie will serve a delicious breakfast in bed to her fiancée on their anniversary.
• A nice table "à la française" Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Le Subjonctif Présent Verbes réguliers avec -ER Food & Drink Jacqueline explains the intricacies of setting the table the French way.
• A nightmare journey Free Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Family & Relationships Josiane and Robert explain why they're an hour late to their friends' place.
• A perfect interview L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Employment Léo's just had the best job interview of his life!
• A professional phone call Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet indirect Pronom d'objet direct Sonia Martel is talking to M. Delarue's executive assistant.
• A slippery drive Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Adverbe Technology & Science Richard struggled to get to work this morning: everything was frozen!
• A surprise gift Préposition L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Gaspard remembers a special gift he made for his mother when he was a boy.
• A year full of changes Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Pronom d'objet indirect Annette reflects back on the last year and its ups and downs.
• Ahmed the elephant : an Ivory Coast story Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Préposition Participe passé Discover the heartwarming true story of Ahmed the elephant.
• At the dry cleaner's Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Verbe irrégulier Eric brought his favourite suit jacket to the dry cleaner's.
• At the football [US: soccer] game Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Participe passé Celebrations & Important Dates Sports & Leisure Henri took his dad to a football [US:soccer] game for Father's Day.
• At the garage sale Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Patrick explains to Amelle how to find bargains.
• At the neighbours' house Pronom d'objet direct Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet indirect Food & Drink Family & Relationships Véronique and Bruno are at their neighbours' house for an aperitif.
• At the repair shop Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Verbes réguliers avec -ER Sabrina needs help with her laptop.
• At university Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Genre féminin Genre masculin Léa and Laura bump into each other at their new university.
• Autumn/Winter 2020 trends Verbe irrégulier Préposition Adjectif Discover the Autumn/Winter 2020 fashion trends.
• Bad Movie Review L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Adjectif Le Subjonctif Présent Film & TV Bernadette delivers a scathing movie review.
• Barbara L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Genre féminin Famous People Music Laëtitia talks about her passion for fascinating French singer Barbara.
• Bastille Day in France L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Pronom relatif Adjectif Mathilde remembers how she used to celebrate Bastille Day with her family.
• Bayonne, France's chocolate capital Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif Préposition Food & Drink Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Learn why Bayonne is considered the French capital of chocolate.
• Bouldering in Fontainebleau Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Pronom réfléchi Irène loves spending the day rock-climbing in Fontainebleau.
• Brasserie La Coupole Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Adverbe Food & Drink Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Vincent always eats here when he's in Paris.
• British National Museums Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Préposition Monuments, Tourism & Vacations National museums are free in the UK, as Paul happily found out.
• Building a snowman Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Le Subjonctif Présent Sports & Leisure Martine and Bastien enjoyed building a snowman.
• Camping with your dog Le Présent (Indicatif) Le Subjonctif Présent Mode subjonctif Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Patrick gives us some advice on taking your dog camping with you.
• Car breakdown Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Verbes avec être comme auxiliaire Le Plus-que-Parfait (Indicatif) Julien's car broke down at the most inconvenient time.
• Catherine Ségurane: a local heroine Préposition Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom réfléchi Famous People Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Politics, History & Economics Toni, a tourist guide from Nice talks about local legend Catherine Ségurane.
• City vs dog poop L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Politics, History & Economics Family & Relationships Alain and Pauline discuss the city's measures to fight against dog waste.
• Composting is awesome! Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Verbe irrégulier Technology & Science Elsa explains composting to her friend Pierre.
• Congratulations on your degree! Pluriel Pronom d'objet direct Genre masculin Language & Education Family & Relationships Thomas's aunt and uncle send him an email to congratulate him on getting his Master degree.
• Conversation between friends Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Pronom d'objet indirect Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Friends Simon and Isabelle are catching up.
• Couples' annoying habits Le Présent (Indicatif) Forme négative Verbes réguliers avec -ER Family & Relationships Olivier gets so annoyed by the way couples behave sometimes!
• DIY with Dad L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Pluriel Troisième personne Émilie loved spending time in her father's shed.
• Easter, a family celebration Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Préposition Celebrations & Important Dates Family & Relationships François and his family celebrate the religious holiday of Easter.
• Extreme cosmetic surgery Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Le Présent (Indicatif) Le Subjonctif Présent Anella had several operations to look like her idol, the Barbie doll.
• Family Reunion Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Family & Relationships At a family reunion, Lea sees her aunt Patricia for the first time in years.
• Fatherly pride L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Luc is so proud of his daughter's stage debut.
• Fighting lockdown blues Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Pronom d'objet indirect Samia did everything she could to cheer up her grandmother Janine during lockdown.
• Finding the perfect anniversary gift Pronom d'objet indirect Pronom d'objet direct Le Présent (Indicatif) Family & Relationships Jean-Paul is listing his gift ideas for his wife on their anniversary.
• First night out after Baby Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Adjectif indéfini Romane couldn't wait to go out with her girlfriends again!
• Food shopping in farm shops Le Présent (Indicatif) Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Adjectif Food & Drink Politics, History & Economics Find out the advantages and disadvantages of food shopping in a farm shop.
• French Easter specialties Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Pronom relatif Celebrations & Important Dates Discover some of France's regional Easter specialties.
• French-style lemon tart recipe Mode impératif L'Impératif Présent Préposition Food & Drink Follow the recipe to make a delicious lemon tart.
• Garip Ay's amazing paintings Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Pronom relatif Art & Design Jean-Pierre tells us about the work of this fascinating Turkish artist.
• Getting ready for the holiday [US: vacation] Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Bastien and Alicia are getting ready for tomorrow's departure.
• Giving back Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom réfléchi Pronom relatif Celebrations & Important Dates Especially during the holiday season, it's good to give back to those less fortunate than us...
• Going lily-of-the-valley picking Adjectif possessif Pronom d'objet indirect Le Présent (Indicatif) Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Jean-Pierre's family goes to pick lily-of-the-valley every year.
• Happy Father's Day! Verbe irrégulier Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adverbe Sabrina has prepared the perfect Father's Day for her dad.
• Heatwave Préposition Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Impératif Présent Politics, History & Economics Technology & Science A weather forecast on one of the hottest days of the year.
• High cost of cigarette packaging change Préposition Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Politics, History & Economics Learn about the cost of the new policy on cigarette packaging in France.
• Holiday [US: Vacation] in French-speaking Switzerland Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adverbe Genre Irène tells Jules how delighted she was by her trip to French-speaking Switzerland.
• Holidaying abroad: pros and cons Le Présent (Indicatif) Adverbe Verbes réguliers avec -ER Sébastien weighs up his pros and cons of going abroad for the holiday.
• Horse riding on the beach L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adverbe Iris discovered the joy of horse riding by the sea.
• How I met your mother L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Le Plus-que-Parfait (Indicatif) Julien tells his children how he met their mother Émilie.
• How to become an official candidate in the French presidential election? Le Subjonctif Présent Mode subjonctif Le Présent (Indicatif) Learn about the French electoral process to become a presidential candidate.
• I can't find my shirt! Pronom d'objet direct Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Family & Relationships Claire and Julien are almost ready to go out...except for Julien's missing shirt!
• In a clothes store Pronom d'objet direct Pronom d'objet indirect Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Sports & Leisure Patrick complains to the sales assistant about a defective item.
• In the return taxi Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Verbes avec être comme auxiliaire Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Aline talks about her trip with the taxi driver on her way back to the airport.
• In the woods with my dog Ulysse Le Présent (Indicatif) Infinitif Pronom relatif Gaëlle enjoys her walks through the woods with her dog Ulysse.
• Jean-Pierre Bacri Pronom d'objet direct Pronom d'objet indirect Adverbe Yann and Élodie loved the great French actor who passed away in 2021.
• Living abroad Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom relatif Adverbe Bastien thinks that living abroad can only enrich one's life.
• Lockdown letters Pronom d'objet direct Pronom d'objet indirect Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Alexandre has been sending letters to his grandmother during lockdown.
• Long time no see! Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Le Présent (Indicatif) Forme négative Family & Relationships Marina and her cousin Tom catch up after quite a while.
• Louise Bourgeois Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pluriel Genre masculin Art & Design Famous People Politics, History & Economics Marie-Claire tells us about her favourite French artist.
• Mice invasion Pronom d'objet direct Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet indirect Family & Relationships Lisa and Paul are discussing options to get rid of Lisa's mice.
• Moving house chores Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Family & Relationships Sophie had so many chores to do before moving into her new apartment.
• My car is a real beater! Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Pronom d'objet indirect Sports & Leisure Technology & Science Yann's car has so many problems!
• My chosen family L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Préposition Family & Relationships Magalie found her own loving family.
• My dream invention Le Conditionnel Présent Verbe irrégulier Le Subjonctif Présent Technology & Science Sonia asks Sylvie what invention she'd dream to see becoming a reality.
• My exotic Christmas Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Préposition Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Celebrations & Important Dates Aline is remembering spending last Christmas in Marrakech, Morocco.
• My first Easter memory L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Plus-que-Parfait (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Celebrations & Important Dates Family & Relationships Alexandre remembers the first time he went egg hunting.
• My first music festival L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Plus-que-Parfait (Indicatif) Adjectif Music Amélie recalls the first time she went to a music festival with her best friend Emma.
• My grandmother's rosebushes L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Pronom d'objet indirect Family & Relationships Lucie tells us about her grandmother's beloved and renowned rosebushes.
• My hot-headed nephew L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Genre féminin Family & Relationships Michel talks about how his nephew used to get on his nerves.
• My kids' back to school day Le Subjonctif Présent Le Présent (Indicatif) Mode subjonctif Language & Education Family & Relationships Claire is getting ready for the kids' first day back to school.
• My life is a hashtag Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Participe passé Family & Relationships Technology & Science Sébastien explains why hashtags are so important in his life.
• My mother's favourite singer Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Verbe irrégulier Famous People Music Patricia tells us about her mum's passion for French singer Serge Lama.
• My passion for French cuisine Le Présent (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pronom relatif Food & Drink James presents some of the reasons why he loves French cooking.
• My plan for the day of my exam Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Adverbe Language & Education Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Viviane has perfectly planned for her exam day.
• My sense of direction Verbe irrégulier Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Joseph and Sabrina discuss their more or less deficient sense of direction.
• My sister the future pianist Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Forme négative Music Sports & Leisure Lucas's sister has always dreamed of playing piano.
• New town, new friends Le Présent (Indicatif) Adverbe Pluriel Family & Relationships Laurence wants to help her daughter make new friends in their new town.
• New vs old technologies L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Présent (Indicatif) Reflexive verbs Technology & Science Enzo asks retiree Gertrude her opinion on new technologies.
• New wallpaper in the dining room L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Préposition Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Josiane explains her choice of new wallpaper for the dining room.
• Nostalgia: pros and cons Le Présent (Indicatif) Le Subjonctif Présent Infinitif Noémie and Alain discuss the pros and cons of nostalgia.
• Nudist beaches in France Préposition Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Discover some of France's nudist beaches.
• Oceanopolis is great! Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Préposition L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Sports & Leisure Céline tells you about her visit to the ocean discovery park in Brest, Brittany.
• On the terrace of a fancy restaurant Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Verbe irrégulier Food & Drink Family & Relationships Jean-Luc and his fiancée are enjoying a meal on the terrace of a fancy restaurant.
• On Valentine's Day, beware of faux pas! Verbe irrégulier Le Subjonctif Présent Mode subjonctif Family & Relationships Henri gives us tips to pick the right Valentine's Day's present.
• Our "grown-up" hobbies Préposition Le Présent (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Viviane and Luc tell us about their respective hobbies: adult colouring and homebrewing.
• Our camper holiday [US: RV vacation] Pronom d'objet direct L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet indirect Élodie and her cousin Sarah had the best time on their camper holiday [US: RV vacation].
• Our holiday [US:vacation] in Wallonia Verbes réguliers avec -ER Préposition Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Daniel and Claire are planning their visit to Wallonia [re: French-speaking Belgium].
• Our new house's renovations Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Le Présent (Indicatif) Family & Relationships Jacques and his partner Louise are planning their new house's renovations.
• Our plans for Valentine's Day Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Pronom d'objet direct Barnabé and Samia discuss their Valentine's Day plans.
• Pears in red wine and cassis Mode impératif L'Impératif Présent Préposition Food & Drink Here's chef Paul Bocuse's famous (and delicious) "Poires à la Beaujolaise" recipe.
• Pisces Horoscope Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Verbes réguliers avec -IR Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Technology & Science Find out what the predictions are for Pisces this coming week.
• Planning a camping trip Verbe irrégulier Pronom Le Présent (Indicatif) Patricia and Alexandre are planning their camping weekend.
• Playing video games Pronom d'objet direct Pronom d'objet indirect Le Présent (Indicatif) Sports & Leisure Quentin and Lise are playing a racing video game together.
• Pre-date stress L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Forme négative Préposition Family & Relationships Luc was really nervous last week ahead of his date with the amazing Olivia !
• Public Transport L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adverbe Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships François discovered the joys of public transport when moving from a small village to Paris.
• Rebooking a flight Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Question/Interrogative Employment Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Patrice calls Easyplane to postpone his flight.
• Roaming charges in France Adjectif L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Préposition Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Technology & Science Lisa, who is French, discusses roaming charges for foreigners visiting France with her British friend Mike.
• Robbery at the bakery L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Verbes avec être comme auxiliaire Employment Here's a local news article about a robbery.
• Saving up for Christmas Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Préposition Adverbe Politics, History & Economics Celebrations & Important Dates Nadia has a plan to save money until the Holidays.
• Sorting out my office Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adverbe L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Family & Relationships Jean-Pascal's office needed a good clean.
• Stendhal syndrome Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Participe passé Le Plus-que-Parfait (Indicatif) Learn more about this fascinating, if controversial, affliction.
• Strasbourg's Christmas Market Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Adjectif Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Celebrations & Important Dates Olivier tells us about one of the most magical Christmas markets in France.
• Tarte Tatin recipe Préposition Mode impératif Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Food & Drink Learn how to prepare this delicious French apple tart.
• Thanksgiving celebrations Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Verbes réguliers avec -ER Adam and his friends are making their own Thanksgiving dinner this year.
• The adventures of Fantômette L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Conditionnel Passé Adjectif possessif Literature, Poetry, Theatre Nadia has always loved the character of Fantômette!
• The Alsace wine route Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pluriel Pronom d'objet direct Food & Drink Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Henri is finding out about Laura's trip to Alsace.
• The Appeal of 18 June 1940 Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Article Article défini Politics, History & Economics Celebrations & Important Dates Discover the historical context around Charles de Gaulle's most famous speech.
• The benefits of yoga Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom relatif Pronom d'objet Discover a few of the many benefits yoga can bring into one's life.
• The best hotel booking L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Adjectif Pronom d'objet direct Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Olivier had the most amazing hotel experience!
• The mental load L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Présent (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Emma explains how the bulk of household organisational tasks tends to fall on women's shoulders.
• The Nice Carnaval Préposition Pronom relatif Le Présent (Indicatif) Celebrations & Important Dates Sports & Leisure Guillaume plans on going to the famous Nice Carnaval this year.
• The Paul Bocuse Institute in Lyon Adverbe Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Préposition Famous People Food & Drink Language & Education Marie's son dreams of studying at this world-renowned French cooking school.
• The Ritz hotel in Paris Préposition Adjectif Le Présent (Indicatif) Famous People Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Learn about one of the most iconic hotels in Paris.
• The worst holiday [US: vacation] ever! L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Amandine tells us about her very disappointing holiday [US: vacation]!
• Thomas Pesquet Préposition Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Famous People Technology & Science Learn about France's most famous astronaut.
• Toussaint Louverture Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Préposition Adjectif Famous People Politics, History & Economics Find out why this historical figure is important in Haiti.
• Train mishap L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Genre masculin Family & Relationships Lisa missed her stop on her way to work!
• Training for a marathon L'Impératif Présent Mode impératif Verbe irrégulier Sports & Leisure Follow our tips to train and run your first marathon.
• Trouble on the way to holiday [US: vacation] Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Pronom d'objet indirect Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Family & Relationships On the road to go on holiday [US: vacation], Christophe and Laure's car engine overheated.
• Two tourist destinations Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Le Subjonctif Présent Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Béatrice and Simon are discussing two different places to visit in France.
• Visit to Disneyland Paris Le Présent (Indicatif) Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Sports & Leisure Tristan can't wait to visit the famous theme park for the first time!
• Visiting my best friend L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet indirect Adjectif possessif Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Juliette wants to visit her best friend Pierre who moved away last year.
• Water damage Le Présent (Indicatif) Mode subjonctif Le Subjonctif Présent Family & Relationships Noémie and Samuel investigate a water leak in their flat [US: apartment].
• Welcome to Bordeaux's Tourist Office Free Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Article défini Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Bordeaux's Tourist Office introduces us to the city's best touristic attractions
• What is joual? Adjectif Le Présent (Indicatif) Article défini Learn about this typical French Canadian way of speaking.
• What monster would you be? Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Le Conditionnel Présent Préposition Family & Relationships Suzanne asks David, Agathe and Hugo what monsters they'd like to be.
• What to get Mum [US Mom]? Pronom d'objet indirect Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Daniel and his girlfriend Olivia decide what to get his mother for her birthday.
• Where to study L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Subjonctif Présent Le Conditionnel Présent Italian student Mateo finally picked the country where he wants to study.
• Women's vote in France Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Genre féminin Politics, History & Economics Catherine and Blanche tell us about the first time they were allowed to vote in 1945.
• Workaholic's back to work Le Présent (Indicatif) Pluriel Le Subjonctif Présent Employment Arthur hates time off and can't wait to be back at work!
• Working as an A&E [US: ER] doctor Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom réfléchi Adverbe Employment Technology & Science Find out what it's like for Dr. Patrick Dupond to work as an A&E [US: ER] doctor.
• Worrying weather changes Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adjectif Adverbe Technology & Science Friends Ferdinand and Josette are worrying about the weather changes they've witnessed over the years.

C1: Advanced French writing exercises

• 3 Culinary delights from French-speaking countries Adjectif Le Présent (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Food & Drink Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Find out about three dishes from French-speaking countries.
• A bad matchmaker Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Pronom d'objet Family & Relationships Sophie tells us about her failed attempt at matchmaking.
• A birthday party Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Pronom relatif Verbes réguliers avec -ER Nicolas has planned a birthday party full of games for his daughter Flora.
• A chilling story L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Préposition Pronom relatif A young couple had just moved into a huge manor...
• A couple's ups and downs Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Pronom réfléchi Family & Relationships Hélène explains how she and her partner managed to navigate out of a rough patch.
• A difficult sibling relationship L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Pronom relatif Pronom réfléchi Family & Relationships Yvan has always had a fraught relationship with his sister.
• A dissatisfied customer Mode subjonctif Le Subjonctif Présent Pronom d'objet direct Monsieur Dubois writes to complain about not receiving an order.
• A dreadful teenager L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Pronom d'objet indirect Family & Relationships Philippe recalls his bad behaviour as a teenage boy.
• A drunken evening Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Participe passé Pronom d'objet direct Christophe had quite an eventful evening!
• A ghost story L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Pronom relatif Le Passé Simple (Indicatif) Celebrations & Important Dates Family & Relationships Hugo is visiting his mother on All Saints' Day.
• A hard time at work L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Employment Érica went through a rough time at work.
• A horrible storm! L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Mode subjonctif Le Plus-que-Parfait (Indicatif) Technology & Science Julien remembers spending a horrible night due to a violent storm.
• A last minute request L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Employment Family & Relationships Isabelle's colleague keeps making her miserable...
• A long-standing friendship L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Genre féminin Family & Relationships Carole tells us about her long-standing relationship with her friend Aline.
• A lovely car L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Première personne Adjectif possessif Technology & Science Find out about Michel's beloved 2CV car.
• A lovely encounter L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Adjectif Genre féminin Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships On her daily walk, Audrey met a furry little friend in need of help...
• A snow storm to remember Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adverbe Le Subjonctif Présent Lily recalls last year's snow storm.
• A special Christmas in Switzerland L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Plus-que-Parfait (Indicatif) Préposition Food & Drink Celebrations & Important Dates Damien recalls a wonderful family Christmas holiday in Switzerland.
• A sudden reappearance Pronom d'objet direct Forme négative Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Family & Relationships After years of disappearance, Olivia's friend is back.
• A wedding proposal L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet indirect David tells us how he planned to propose to his girlfriend.
• Advice for new pet owners Pronom d'objet indirect Pronom d'objet Pronom d'objet direct Family & Relationships Laurent asks people for their advice on welcoming a new pet at home.
• Alberto Giacometti Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Jean-Louis and Samuel discuss the famous Swiss artist.
• Alice and the Caterpillar (Alice in Wonderland) Le Présent (Indicatif) Le Passé Simple (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Literature, Poetry, Theatre Alice meets the mysterious Caterpillar in this adapted excerpt from "Alice in Wonderland"
• An animal tale L'Imparfait (Indicatif) L'Impératif Présent Le Passé Simple (Indicatif) Family & Relationships By a lovely winter morning, Henri the hare meets poorly Lili the rabbit.
• An incredible trip on the Canal du Midi Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Verbe irrégulier Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Sports & Leisure Patrice recalls his trip along the Canal du Midi.
• An upcycling tutorial Adjectif Préposition Pronom d'objet direct Art & Design Sports & Leisure Technology & Science Find out a few ideas for your upcycling projets.
• Anna's birthday party L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Le Subjonctif Présent Food & Drink Family & Relationships Clément discusses the organisation of his daughter's birthday party with his friend Charlotte.
• Anne of Brittany Le Passé Simple (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Genre féminin Learn about the extraordinary woman who was crowned Queen of France twice.
• At the psychiatrist's Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Le Subjonctif Présent Mode subjonctif Employment Family & Relationships Mme Dupont is talking to her psychiatrist.
• At the ski resort Le Présent (Indicatif) Le Subjonctif Présent Mode subjonctif Sports & Leisure Paul needs to get ski gear for himself and his family.
• At the water park Le Présent (Indicatif) Le Subjonctif Présent Mode subjonctif The whole family is having a good time at the water park.
• At Uncle Robert's 70th birthday Verbe irrégulier Le Subjonctif Présent Mode subjonctif Family & Relationships Laura catches up with her cousin Charlotte at a family event.
• Back to School shopping Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Mode impératif Language & Education Family & Relationships Viviane and Christian try and get everything on their children's school supply list.
• Bathroom chat Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Family & Relationships Bruno and Sonia are having a chat in the bathroom.
• Brest during World War II L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Le Plus-que-Parfait (Indicatif) Politics, History & Economics Alex is talking about WWII in Brest with his granddad.
• Californian dream L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Subjonctif Présent Mode subjonctif Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Olivia finally followed her dream to move to California.
• Camping in the woods Free L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Préposition Le Plus-que-Parfait (Indicatif) Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Nathalie enjoys camping in the middle of the woods.
• Coco Chanel Le Passé Simple (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Article Famous People Politics, History & Economics Learn about this extraordinary woman who became a fashion icon.
• Complaining about a hotel room Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet indirect Pronom d'objet direct Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Gérard complains to the receptionist about the state of his hotel room.
• Coping with the heatwave Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Le Subjonctif Présent Mode subjonctif Family & Relationships Emma asks how Simon and his pregnant girlfriend Christelle coped with the extreme heat.
• Deep-sea diving in Martinique L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Pronom relatif Léonard took his new wife Sophie deep-sea diving in Martinique.
• Discovering Guadeloupe Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -IR Pronom relatif Alicia takes us on a tour of some of Guadeloupe's tourist spots.
• Drôme provençale, a little piece of heaven Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom relatif Adjectif possessif Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Politics, History & Economics Vincent tells us about this beautiful region in the South of France.
• Easter plans Mode subjonctif Le Subjonctif Présent Le Présent (Indicatif) Julia hopes Easter will be nicer this year!
• Édith Piaf Genre féminin Le Passé Simple (Indicatif) Genre masculin Famous People Music Here's a short biography of one of France's most beloved singers.
• Engagement dinner's speech Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Préposition Pronom relatif Family & Relationships The bride's father thanks the guests for attending and announces the evening programme.
• Engagement surprise Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Family & Relationships Louise enjoys an unexpected visit at her engagement party.
• Family Zoom Call Le Subjonctif Présent Mode subjonctif Le Présent (Indicatif) Laurent tries to coordinate a Zoom call with his mother and grandparents.
• Financial advice Le Subjonctif Présent Mode subjonctif Le Présent (Indicatif) Alicia had a meeting with her financial advisor.
• Finding love at a yoga retreat L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Adverbe Adjectif possessif Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Seniors Germaine and Pierrot didn't expect to fall in love at a yoga retreat.
• Fireside memories L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Préposition Adjectif possessif Family & Relationships Manuelle has warm memories of family times by the fireside.
• First day back to school Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Préposition Verbe irrégulier Food & Drink Family & Relationships Sabrina tells us what she'll do on her children's first day back to school.
• Fishing with my father Free L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Pronom réfléchi Adjectif possessif Julien remembers going fishing with his dad when he was young.
• French Mobile Phone Habits Adverbe Préposition Mode subjonctif Politics, History & Economics Technology & Science We're taking a look at the importance of mobile phones in French people's lives.
• Gardening weekend Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Participe passé Sports & Leisure Jean-Pierre had a busy weekend taking care of his garden.
• Gastronomical review Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Food & Drink Discover a mouthwatering review of a French restaurant.
• Gluten-free living L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Pronom d'objet indirect Food & Drink Alexandre tells us how he dealt with his newly discovered gluten allergy.
• Gustave Moreau Museum L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet indirect Art & Design Claire tells us about her fascination for 19th-century symbolist painter Gustave Moreau.
• Holidaying in July L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Le Subjonctif Présent Monuments, Tourism & Vacations July is a hard time to organise holiday [US: vacation] for, as Martine and Sam found out!
• How to show your love? Verbe irrégulier Adjectif possessif Préposition Family & Relationships Marianne and her partner Adèle are making some changes to show their appreciation for each other more.
• How to take the best portrait photos Le Présent (Indicatif) Le Subjonctif Présent Mode subjonctif Sylvie gives Jacques some tips to improve his portrait photos.
• If only I'd won the lottery! Pronom d'objet direct Le Conditionnel Passé Verbes avec être comme auxiliaire Vincent shares what he would have done with the lottery money if he'd won.
• If you could learn anything instantly... Le Conditionnel Présent Le Subjonctif Présent Mode subjonctif Irène, Julien and Pascal answer the question.
• In the Jura mountains with my dog Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom relatif Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Stéphane recommends going on a mountain holiday [US: vacation] with your dog.
• In the lives of the writers of French romance novels Le Présent (Indicatif) Mode subjonctif Verbes réguliers avec -ER Employment Literature, Poetry, Theatre Discover what the life of a French writer of romance novels looks like.
• Jean-Marc Vallée Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pronom relatif L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Famous People Film & TV Nathan and Florence discuss the late Quebecois director Jean-Marc Vallée.
• Johnny Hallyday, a French icon L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Le Présent (Indicatif) Famous People Music Paul and his mum talk about her favourite French singer, Johnny Hallyday.
• La Petite France in Strasbourg Préposition Adjectif Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Art & Design Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Discover this unique area of Strasbourg, a UNESCO site and tourists' favourite.
• Last-minute hesitations L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Adverbe Genre féminin Family & Relationships François is torn between his love for Marianne and his duty to the Duchess who he's about to marry.
• Letter to my daughter L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Mode subjonctif Le Subjonctif Présent Family & Relationships Marc writes a love letter to his newborn baby girl.
• Letter to Santa Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Mode subjonctif Celebrations & Important Dates Timothée writes to Santa, hoping he's been good enough this year...
• Long distance relationships Le Subjonctif Présent Mode subjonctif Le Présent (Indicatif) Family & Relationships Here's some advice on how to keep your long distance relation working.
• Luxembourg: A bit of history Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom relatif Pronom réfléchi Politics, History & Economics Learn about the early history of this interesting country.
• Missed plane! Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Adverbe Préposition Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Family & Relationships Bastien missed his morning flight to Paris!
• Missing a friend's Hen [US: Bachelorette] Party Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Adverbe Manquer l'EVJF d'une amie
• Moana's French voice-over's interview Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Film & TV Paul interviews Cerise Calixte, the French actress who gave her voice to Disney's Moana (Vaiana in the French version).
• Montpellier, city of street art Le Présent (Indicatif) Le Subjonctif Présent Mode subjonctif Art & Design Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Valentin tells us why Montpellier is a great street art city.
• Multilingualism in Alsace Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Article Pronom d'objet direct Politics, History & Economics Language & Education Find out which languages are spoken in Alsace.
• My family's Hallowe'en L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Genre féminin Celebrations & Important Dates Family & Relationships Martin tells us about his family's Hallowe'en traditions.
• My first Mother's Day Le Plus-que-Parfait (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Celebrations & Important Dates Family & Relationships Danielle looks back on her very first Mother's Day with her son.
• My Hanukkah traditions L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Préposition Celebrations & Important Dates Family & Relationships Rachelle explains why Hanukkah is such a special occasion for her.
• My life as a locavore Le Présent (Indicatif) Adverbe Le Subjonctif Présent Sophie explains why she decided to become a locavore.
• My son's school trip transformation L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Préposition Pronom relatif Family & Relationships Naomi wondered about her son's strange behaviour after his school trip to France.
• My trip to Lyon Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pronom relatif L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Yvan spent a few days exploring the French city.
• Nice's cuisine: a healthy diet Le Présent (Indicatif) Préposition Adjectif Food & Drink Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Find out why the dishes from Nice are so healthy.
• Not the festival type Mode subjonctif Le Subjonctif Présent Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Jean-Marc discovered that outdoor festivals were really not his thing!
• Ode to my favourite uncle L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Subjonctif Présent Pronom d'objet direct Simon writes a loving text to his favourite uncle.
• Of the difficulties of learning French Le Présent (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Mike and Jane discuss the challenges they encountered learning French.
• On a desert island Le Conditionnel Présent L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Présent (Indicatif) Family & Relationships Technology & Science Pierre discusses his friend Yves's choice of single item that he would take with him on a desert island.
• Our baby's progress Le Subjonctif Présent Mode subjonctif Le Présent (Indicatif) Christophe can't believe how fast his baby daughter is growing up.
• Paris Catacombs Visit: Juliette's review Le Présent (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet indirect Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Juliette reviews her visit of Paris's Catacombs.
• Paris's Haussmannian revolution L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Simple (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Art & Design Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Learn about the architectural revolution that took place in Paris in the 19th century.
• Planning mishap Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Pronom d'objet indirect Sports & Leisure Family & Relationships Fabienne and Pascal were to meet Charlotte and Cyril to go to the cinema...except they showed up an hour late! What happened?
• Playground battle Le Passé Simple (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Verbes réguliers avec -ER Family & Relationships Thomas and Alex fought an epic battle in the school playground.
• Police Station Dialogue Pronom d'objet direct Pronom d'objet indirect L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Family & Relationships Detective Jacques Poireau is interviewing a murder suspect.
• Pompidou Centre Free Le Passé Simple (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Préposition Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Politics, History & Economics Learn about the history of this unique building in Paris.
• Prepaid travel cards Pronom d'objet direct Pronom d'objet indirect L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Technology & Science Alain talks about the advantages of prepaid travel cards.
• Reading books in a foreign language Le Présent (Indicatif) Adverbe Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Language & Education Literature, Poetry, Theatre Killian and Rose, who are not native French speakers, are chatting about reading books in French.
• Real daredevils! Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Adverbe Patricia's twins have a loyalty card at the local hospital...
• Results of the 2022 presidential election's first round Pronom relatif Verbes réguliers avec -ER Verbe irrégulier Politics, History & Economics Here's a summary of the main results of the first round of France's 2022 presidential elections.
• Review of the iPhone 8 Plus Comparatif Forme négative Adverbe Technology & Science Christine reviews the disappointing new iPhone 8 Plus.
• Roxy's bath Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbe irrégulier Mode subjonctif Giving a bath to her dog Roxy is really no picnic for Lisa!
• Staycation: a positive experience Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Forme négative Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Sports & Leisure Oscar talks about his experience with staycations.
• Stereotypes about girls: an evolution? Le Subjonctif Présent Mode subjonctif Question/Interrogative Politics, History & Economics Family & Relationships Danielle Moreau, a sociologist, talks about the evolution of stereotypes towards girls on a radio show.
• Summer recipes Le Présent (Indicatif) Mode subjonctif Le Subjonctif Présent Food & Drink Marielle shares her favourite summer dishes with us.
• Taking the children to the park Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Family & Relationships Overwhelmed dad Luc tells us about the challenge that is taking the kids to the park.
• Taking the driving license test Le Subjonctif Présent Mode subjonctif Verbe irrégulier Irène is taking her driving license test.
• The "Veuve Clicquot" Le Passé Simple (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Pronom relatif Food & Drink Politics, History & Economics Here's the story of how widow Barbe-Nicole Clicquot created one of the most famous champagne brands in the world.
• The Abbey of Fontevraud: a Royal affair Le Présent (Indicatif) Verbes réguliers avec -ER Préposition Famous People Monuments, Tourism & Vacations Politics, History & Economics Eleanor of Aquitaine answers a few questions about the Abbey of Fontevraud.
• The benefits of music Pronom d'objet indirect Pronom d'objet direct Le Présent (Indicatif) Music Mathieu tells us about the benefits of music.
• The best house painting company Adjectif possessif Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet indirect You won't find a better house painting company than Jean-Pierre's!
• The city of the future Le Futur Simple (Indicatif) Pronom relatif Verbe irrégulier Family & Relationships Technology & Science Yann asked people what they imagine cities will look like in the future.
• The feminist revolutionary Olympe de Gouges Mode subjonctif Le Subjonctif Présent Le Passé Simple (Indicatif) Famous People Politics, History & Economics Bastien tells us about this extraordinary humanist writer from 18th century France.
• The flower fair Adjectif L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Damien and his family really enjoyed their visit to the flower fair.
• The French language in the world Préposition Le Présent (Indicatif) Article défini Employment Language & Education Find out about the impact of French in the world.
• The GPS is malfunctioning! Pronom d'objet direct Pronom d'objet indirect Le Présent (Indicatif) Technology & Science Rémi and Isabelle's car GPS is malfunctioning!
• The King cake Le Présent (Indicatif) Le Subjonctif Présent Mode subjonctif Food & Drink Celebrations & Important Dates Learn about the tradition around King cake.
• The Lumberjack - Part 1 L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Préposition Pronom d'objet direct Celebrations & Important Dates Literature, Poetry, Theatre Here's an original Christmas story about a lumberjack who lived in the North Pole...
• The Lumberjack - Part 2 Forme négative Le Présent (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Celebrations & Important Dates Literature, Poetry, Theatre Who left those tiny footprints? Here's the end of our original Christmas story!
• The town of Gruyères Mode subjonctif Verbes réguliers avec -ER Le Subjonctif Présent Sébastien had a lovely time visiting the famous Swiss town.
• To our adopted son Pronom d'objet direct Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Le Subjonctif Présent Family & Relationships Christian tells his son how wanted he was and still is.
• Unicycle passion Le Plus-que-Parfait (Indicatif) L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Le Passé Composé (Indicatif) Yvette tells us about the day when her passion for unicycling was born.
• Welcome to Lille Le Présent (Indicatif) Adverbe Adjectif Monuments, Tourism & Vacations The northern city has a lot to offer to visitors.
• What's a good mother? Le Présent (Indicatif) Le Subjonctif Présent Pronom relatif Family & Relationships Julie has been getting much contradictory advice since she became a mother.
• Which book to choose? Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet indirect Verbes réguliers avec -ER Literature, Poetry, Theatre Christian is looking for a few recommendations at his local library.
• Who's your favourite football [US:soccer] player? Le Présent (Indicatif) Pronom d'objet direct Pronom d'objet indirect Bertrand and Léa discuss their favourite French football [US:soccer] players.
• Why did I become a vet? L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Genre féminin Le Présent (Indicatif) Jean-Luc tells us what made him choose this profession.
• Working as a PA Mode subjonctif Le Subjonctif Présent Verbe irrégulier Employment Sophie talks about her career as a personal assistant.
• Writer's Block L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Préposition Le Subjonctif Présent Literature, Poetry, Theatre Lucille talks about coping mechanisms to circumvent the dreaded writer's block.
• Yves Saint-Laurent L'Imparfait (Indicatif) Adjectif possessif Genre féminin Art & Design Famous People Thibault and his friend Sonia talk about French designer Yves Saint-Laurent.

In this section

• Hanukkah 2023 Menorah
• Christmas 2023 Advent Calendar
• Tips and ideas to improve your French writing skills
• French Glossary and Jargon Buster

1st Edition

Discourse Markers in Second Language French

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Description

This book provides an in-depth look at pragmatic development by second language learners of French through their production of French discourse markers. It showcases a holistic production-focused approach designed to provide a broad picture of learner discourse marker use in French. The book begins with a comprehensive description of the major theoretical frameworks in discourse marker research. It provides a detailed analysis of prior second language research on discourse markers in several languages and the dominant avenues of inquiry. Additionally, this book engages in a discussion of methodology that can serve as a guide for future researchers on the topic. The data presented in this book provide a broad picture of both native speaker and learner production of discourse markers with implications for theoretical and formal understandings of pragmatic meaning. This book will be of particular interest to scholars in pragmatics for both second language acquisition and formal or theoretical perspectives.

Table of Contents

Alisha Reaves is an Assistant Professor of French and Linguistics at Towson University. Her research focuses on the second language acquisition of French. Additional research areas include language and education policy and lexical variation and meaning in French.

Critics' Reviews

" L’ouvrage est rigoureux et clair quant à la démarche entreprise et constitue un exemple académique très réussi de structuration du contenu en chapitres qui s’articulent et se répondent…Les conclusions tirées ouvrent des perspectives stimulantes tant au niveau théorique qu’empirique et sont pertinentes pour la description du français L2, mais aussi pour celle du français L1." -  Mathilde Dargnat, Université de Lorraine et ATILF-CNRS, Journal of French Language Studies

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A Contrastive View of Discourse Markers

Discourse Markers of Saying in English and French

• © 2020
• Laure Lansari 0

Department of English Studies, Paris Diderot University, Paris, France

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• Re-examines the class of discourse makers from an epistemological standpoint, highlighting the divergences between the French enunciative tradition and the English pragmatic tradition
• Investigates how these markers work in discourse from a syntactic and semantico-pragmatic perspective
• Compares the markers under scrutiny both cross-linguistically and within one language, and defines distinct 'discursive profiles' for them

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About this book

This book is a comparative corpus-based study of discourse markers based on verbs of saying in English and French.  Based on a wide comparable web corpus, the book investigates how discourse markers work in discourse, and compares their differences of position, scope and collocations both cross-linguistically and within single languages. The author positions this study within the wider epistemological background of the French-speaking ‘enunciative’ tradition and the English-speaking ‘pragmatic’ tradition, and it will be of particular interest to students and scholars of semantics, pragmatics and contrastive linguistics.

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Analysing Discourse Markers in Spoken Corpora: Actually as a Case Study

“You are quite funny paa!”: A corpus-based study of borrowed discourse-pragmatic features in Ghanaian English

Current Approaches of Corpus Pragmatics on Discourse and Translation Studies, an Introduction

• contrastive analysis
• speech markers
• verbs of speech
• categorisation
• enunciation
• computer-mediated communication
• affiliation
• topical transition
• pragmaticalisation
• grammaticalisation
• turn-taking
• approximation
• corpus linguistics

Table of contents (6 chapters)

Front matter, introduction: discourse markers within different linguistic traditions.

Laure Lansari

Defining a Theoretical and Methodological Framework for DMs of “Saying”

Overview of the corpus findings, corpus findings i: on va dire and shall we say, corpus findings ii: j’allais dire and i was going to say, conclusion: summary and perspectives, back matter.

“It is obvious that Lansari’s book can and must be given due attention. … the brilliant combination of an extremely detailed corpus analysis and a very strong theoretical embedding of the results will appeal to many linguists from different horizons and provide them with new insights. … she succeeds in presenting the book as a whole in a very structured and coherent way, which makes it very pleasant to read.” (Gudrun Vanderbauwhede, Corpus Pragmatics, Vol. 5, 2021)

“The book is potentially far-reaching, in terms of its theoretical and methodological implications in future DM studies. … this is an inspirational book which is informative and enlightening. Through an easily accessible approach to the subject, this book gives new insights to readers, who have a keen interest in the study of DMs and particularly in the comparative investigation of DMs across languages. … its theoretical and methodological contributions are huge and must justifiably be acknowledged.” (Yi Shan, Journal of Pragmatics, Vol. 180, 2021)

“This book yields a worthwhile read for several reasons. … the book can lead to more studies with a similar approach but focusing on other DMs, and conceivably this trend may be welcomed in an excellent manner outside the French academic community.” (Reza Kazemian, Discourse Studies, Vol. 22 (2), 2020)

Authors and Affiliations

About the author.

Laure Lansari is Associate Professor at Paris Diderot University, France, where she teaches English/ French contrastive linguistics and translation.

Bibliographic Information

Book Title : A Contrastive View of Discourse Markers

Book Subtitle : Discourse Markers of Saying in English and French

Authors : Laure Lansari

DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24896-3

Publisher : Palgrave Macmillan Cham

eBook Packages : Social Sciences , Social Sciences (R0)

Copyright Information : The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2020

Hardcover ISBN : 978-3-030-24895-6 Published: 24 August 2019

Softcover ISBN : 978-3-030-24898-7 Published: 25 August 2020

eBook ISBN : 978-3-030-24896-3 Published: 08 August 2019

Edition Number : 1

Number of Pages : XIV, 230

Number of Illustrations : 1 b/w illustrations

Topics : Semantics , Pragmatics , Corpus Linguistics , French , English

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Clarence Thomas and John Roberts Are at a Fork in the Road

By David French

Opinion Columnist

Two years ago, when the Supreme Court decided New York State Rifle and Pistol Association Inc. v. Bruen , it created a jurisprudential mess that scrambled American gun laws. On Friday not only did the cleanup begin, but the Supreme Court also cleared the way for one of the most promising legal innovations for preventing gun violence: red flag laws.

The Bruen ruling did two things. First, it rendered a sensible and, in my view, correct decision that the “right of the people to keep and bear arms,” as articulated in the Second Amendment, includes a right to bear arms outside the home for self-defense. But the right isn’t unlimited. As Justice Brett Kavanaugh wrote in his concurrence in Bruen, the court did not “prohibit states from imposing licensing requirements for carrying a handgun for self-defense” and that “properly interpreted, the Second Amendment allows a ‘variety’ of gun regulations.”

At the same time, the court articulated a “text, history and tradition” test for evaluating gun restrictions in future federal cases. Under this test, gun control measures were constitutional only if the government could demonstrate those restrictions were “consistent with the nation’s historical tradition of firearm regulation.” That was the most significant element of the Bruen case. Before Bruen, lower courts had struggled to establish a uniform legal test for evaluating gun restrictions, and the Supreme Court hadn’t provided any clarity.

Justice Clarence Thomas wrote the majority opinion in a 6-to-3 decision split along ideological lines. He applied the text, history and tradition test by walking through the very complex, often contradictory, history of American gun laws to determine whether New York’s restrictions had analogies with the colonial period or the periods after ratification of the Second Amendment and the Fourteenth Amendment, which applied the Second Amendment to the states. Under a fair reading of Thomas’s opinion, lower courts would be hard pressed to uphold any gun restriction unless they could point to an obvious historical match.

Not only was the history messy, but judicial reliance on founding-era legislation suffers from an additional conceptual flaw: State legislatures are hardly stuffed with constitutional scholars. Then and now, our state legislatures are prone to enact wildly unconstitutional legislation.

Our courts exist in part to check legislatures when they go astray. The courts do not rely on legislatures to establish constitutional doctrine. In our divided system of government, legislators are not tasked with interpreting constitutional law. Yes, they should take the Constitution into account when they draft laws, but the laws they draft aren’t precedent. They do not and should not bind the courts.

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About Paraphrase Tool

Getting your wording just right.

Paraphrasing is a natural part of the writing process as it helps you clarify your thinking and suit your words to your audience. Using a Paraphrase Tool helps structure and streamline this work, and our paraphrase tool offers 20 modes, many of them free, for accomplishing just this. The 20 modes we offer are diverse, including a summarize tool, a free grammar checker, a mode to simplify text, and a sentence shortener. There are sentence rephrasers and paraphrase rephrase tools, and we pride ourselves on having both, since our reword generator accounts for context at both the sentence and paragraph levels.

When you google paraphrase you will get a variety of results, from a free Paraphrase Tool , to an article spinner, to a general phrase tool, and it can be hard to determine which of these rephrase tools will best help you complete your work. If you simply need to get a word rephrase, that is, reword only small elements within the sentence, many tools will suffice, but there is the risk that you end up with a tool that does not consider context and produces very awkward and ungrammatical sentences. Rephrasing is very much an art, and we’ve built our paraphrase bot to produce the most correct results in 20 modes in over 100 languages, making it the best paraphrasing tool at an exceptionally low cost. So whether you need to paraphrase deutsch, paraphrase greek, or paraphrase bahasa melayu, the next time you think, I need something to paraphrase this for me, you’ll know where to turn.

From keywords to paragraphs

Generating paragraphs with unique ideas can be challenging, and too often writers get stuck at this stage of the writing process. With our paragraph tool, you can enter keywords and let our AI generate paragraphs for you, so that you can have something to work with, refine the output, and become more engaged in your writing.

A paragraph generator creates links between your ideas, such that the output is sensible, unique, and stimulating, very close to what you would expect a thoughtful human paragraph writer to produce.

Paragraph makers are nice, but what about a short story generator? Because our AI is generalized, it serves a story generator, an essay generator, a poem generator, and much more. To generate compelling stories, you should provide the story generator with useful keywords from which it can develop plot elements, including characters, setting details, and any situational information. To generate reasonably good essays, you should likewise provide the essay maker with details around argumentative positions and any other pertinent ideas. If you more specifically want an introduction paragraph generator or conclusion paragraph generator, you can provide starter text and keywords that will best enable our essay creator to produce them.

You may well ask, “is this essay generator free?” Everything on this site is free within a 3-day trial, so you can test and develop confidence in our products. You may also be wondering where this is an essay automatic writer or if it will take a while to get results. All results appear within a matter of seconds, so you can move through your work as quickly as possible.

You may have professional needs for creating paragraphs as well, such as those needed for cover letter. Most of the time a cover letter template includes information that is not relevant to you; by using your own keywords, we can produce cover letter examples that are relevant to your use case and often require very little editing. By using this service, you can also learn how to write a cover letter and achieve the cover letter format you need.

Plagiarism checker free

Like everything else on our site, you can check plagiarism free within a trial, which is a great opportunity for those who want to check a paper for plagiarism without committing to paying before they see results. This free plagiarism checker is great for students and clearly indicates how to check for plagiarism by highlighting areas of similarity between the two texts. Just to be sure you are not accidentally plagiarizing, be sure to check all of your paraphrases as well.

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