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Gender equality; a myth that needs to become a reality

Don’t fool yourself. It’s still a man’s world.

Yes, some of you might argue that the issue is tiring, boring and repetitive. But it must be repeated until the words are heard and the goal is achieved. And yes, we have come a long way and that certainly needs to be acknowledged. However, more work needs to be done before we can tell ourselves that we live in a supposedly gender-blind society. It is only when every mother, daughter, sister and grandmother worldwide can breathe and walk safely, that we can proudly and firmly shout gender equality.

To live free from violence and inhumane treatment is one of the most fundamental human rights that should be given to everyone regardless of gender. Yet, it is estimated that one in every three women worldwide experience violence and in some countries, almost 70 percent of women have their basic human rights violated. These manifestations of violence range from rape to domestic abuse, honor-killing and acid burnings. But perhaps one of the merciless practices that continues to plague young girls and women in the world is female genital cutting or FGM.

According to the 2013 report by World Health Organization , “about 140 million girls and women worldwide are currently living with the consequence of FGM.” Each day, some 8,000 girls face the risk of getting mutilated.

For those who are unaware of FGM, it is a procedure that intentionally alters or causes injury to the female genital organs by partial or total removal of the external female genitalia. It is a grotesque and inhumane practice that is carried out on young women between the periods of infancy and the age of 15. Not only does it cause unbearable, immediate pain and shock, but life-long health problems; both physical and psychological.

Some people claim that Islam is to blame for this practice, but this is far from the truth. It’s imperative to remember that religion is never the cause for man-made problems. Rather, the practice of FGM, which is not unknown to the West as they performed clitoridectomies into the 1940s, is the consequence of our patriarchal global society that has devalued women for as long as the existence of mankind. A mindset that is slowly evolving, but still remains very much alive, especially when it comes to man-made deprivation and barriers that have become increasingly attached to gendered roles over time.

According to the Girls and Women’s Education Initiative , an organization that attempts to meet the needs of the educationally disadvantaged, “one in three women and girls in the developing world live on less than $2 a day.” The same amount of money we usually spend on a bottle of water is the same amount other people have to stretch in order to feed themselves and their family, buy clothes, pay rent while trying to send one’s children to school; a strenuous choice that often has negative effects on young women who are often excluded from gaining an education.

According the 2012 report “ Because I am a Girl ,” only 74 percent of young women between the age of 11 and 15 are in school globally, compared to 83 percent of boys. As indicated by the report, these numbers do not share the reality of poorer and rural girls or girls in conflict-affected regions. Consequently, the average number would drop even further if these lives were to be included.

It’s essential to remember that once young women are excluded from school, choices become few and far between, leaving marriage as the most practical path one can take to survive poverty. It is estimated that more than 10,000 girls girls a day will eventually get married before they turn 15 and most of them give birth before they turn 18. Unfortunately, the world is already losing too many young lives to maternal mortality.

According to the 2012 report by the World Health Organization , every day, more than 800 women die from preventable causes related to pregnancy and childbirth. Moreover, 99 percent of all maternal deaths occur in developing countries.

When examining the world and the listless issues that women face, particularly in developing countries, one can quickly make the assertion that industrialized countries like the U.S. have come a long way and the work of feminism has been very fruitful in achieving gender equality. But this is a fallacious proclamation that erases everyday reality of women.

The “ The National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey, ” by Centers for Diseases and Control Prevention show more than one million women are raped a year and about one in four women have experienced severe physical violence. These extremely sobering numbers are attached to many faces that could be your sister, friend, daughter, mother or grandmother. Consequently, the fight against sexual violence should be everyone’s fight; both men and women– young and old. Furthermore, it’s imperative to remember that violence against women is not the only issue that needs to be accentuated; firm barriers that stand against opportunities in a supposedly democratic, un-patriarchal progressive country need to be broken down.

According to the 2012 report by the United State Census Bureau , “the poverty rate for males decreased between 2010 and 2011 from 14 percent to 13.6 percent.” However, the poverty rate for females remained 16.3 percent, a discrepancy that cannot be explained by any educational gap.

The 2013 report “ Still Behind, ” by The Women’s Legal Defense and Education Fund, showed that young women now surpass young men in educational attainment. In 2012, more than 30 percent of women age 21 to 30 had a bachelor’s degree compared to 23 percent of men in the same age group. However, this report showed that young men still have superior levels of economic well being where the median income for women was about $14,000 compared to $20,000 for men.

Perhaps more significantly, when comparing the U.S. with other industrialized countries, one cannot overstate enough how much the country is lagging behind in terms of gender equality, especially when it comes to maternity leave and political empowerment.

According to a 2013 report by “ Raising the Global Floor, ” an organization that measures governmental performance, wage replacement of paid leave for mothers in the Scandinavian countries, Russia and China is between 75 percent to 100 percent. In the U.S., there is no such concept or policy as wage replacement. In fact, the only four countries that do not have wage replacement or duration of paid leave for mothers globally are Papau New Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia and the U.S.

Although we tend to categorize childbearing as a private issue, it ought to be treated as a public issue because the well-being of mothers and their children affects the well-being of the nation as a whole. However, most societies have been slow to implement safeguards that could drastically improve the lives of women; a reality that can be partly explained through the exclusion of women in the political realm where decisions are often made for a woman and not by her.

According to the 2013 report “ Women in National Parliaments, ” Rwanda is the only country in the world that has more than 50 percent of women in its legislature. The U.S. is ranked 77 out of the 139 countries listed with 17 percent of women in its legislature. Of the 435 members in the house, 80 are women and of the 100 senators, 20 are women.

For decades, blood has been spilled and tears shared in order to achieve gender equality. We have fought for the right of girls and women to be seen and heard as human beings; to be respected for their individual work, dedication, and integrity. More importantly, to make sure that they are able to walk safely on this earth without fearing that their gender might be the cause for an early, unjustifiable and inhumane death. Women in this world are not asking for much. All they want, and most definitely deserve, is to be treated and respected as human beings; a cost-free demand that should be in everyone’s interest to provide.

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Daily Times

Your right to know Thursday, July 11, 2024

Gender equality: Myth or reality

Asad Tahir Jappa

March 14, 2021

Beyond the shadow of any doubt, women stand at the front lines of the COVID-19 crisis, as health care workers, caregivers, innovators, community organizers and as some of the most exemplary and effective national leaders in combating the deadly pandemic. The crisis has highlighted both the centrality of their massive contribution and the disproportionate burden that women continue to carry. This year’s theme for the International Day, “Women in leadership: Achieving an equal future in a COVID-19 world”, celebrates the tireless efforts by women and girls around the world in shaping a more equal future and recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic. It is also aligned with the priority theme of the 65th session of the Commission on the Status of Women, “Women in public life, equal participation in decision making”, and the flagship Generation Equality Campaign, which calls for women’s right to decision-making in all areas of life, equal pay, equal sharing of unpaid care and domestic work, an end all forms of violence against women and girls, and health-care services that respond to their needs. Every year, International Women’s Day offer an opportunity to reflect on progress made, call for change and thereby celebrate acts of courage and determination by ordinary women who have played an extraordinary role in the history of their countries and communities. The world has made unprecedented advances, but no country has achieved gender equality. Fifty years ago, we landed on the moon; in the last decade, we discovered new human ancestors and photographed a black hole for the first time. In the meantime, according to the UN report, legal restrictions have kept 2.7 billion women from accessing the same choice of jobs as men. Less than 25 per cent of parliamentarians were women, as of 2019. One in three women experience gender-based violence, still. Time has already come to take tangible positive action and make 2021 count for women and girls across the globe.

Experience shows that population and development program are most effective when steps have simultaneously been taken to improve the status of women

Gender Mainstreaming is a globally accepted strategy for promoting gender equality. Mainstreaming is not an end in itself but a strategy, an approach, a means to achieve the goal of gender equality. Mainstreaming involves ensuring that gender perspectives and attention to the goal of gender equality are central to all activities – policy development, research, advocacy/ dialogue, legislation, resource allocation, and planning, implementation and monitoring of programs and projects. Since 1997, the Assistant Secretary-General and Special Adviser to the Secretary-General on Gender Issues and the Advancement of Women has been charged with supporting and overseeing the implementation of the policy mandates. The empowerment and autonomy of women and the improvement of their political, social, economic and health status is a highly important end in itself. In addition, it is essential ingredient for the achievement of sustainable development. The full participation and partnership of both women and men is required in productive and reproductive life, including shared responsibilities for the care and nurturing of children and maintenance of the household. In all parts of the world, women are facing threats to their lives, health and well- being as a result of being overburdened with work and of their lack of power and influence. In most regions of the world, women receive less formal education than men, and at the same time, women’s own knowledge, abilities and coping mechanisms often go unrecognized. The power relations that impede women’s attainment of healthy and fulfilling lives operate at many levels of society, from the most personal to the highly public. Achieving change requires policy and program actions that will improve women’s access to secure livelihoods and economic resources, alleviate their extreme responsibilities with regard to housework, remove legal impediments to their participation in public life, and raise social awareness through effective program of education and mass communication.

In addition, improving the status of women also enhances their decision-making capacity at all levels in all spheres of life, without any bias or prejudice. This is also essential for the long- term success of population program. Experience shows that population and development program are most effective when steps have simultaneously been taken to improve the status of women. Education is one of the most important means of empowering women with the knowledge, skills and self-confidence necessary to participate fully in the development process. More than 40 years ago, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights asserted that “everyone has the right to education”. In 1990, Governments meeting at the World Conference on Education for All in Jomtien, Thailand, committed themselves to the goal of universal access to basic education. But despite notable efforts by countries around the globe that have appreciably expanded access to basic education, there are approximately 775 million illiterate adults in the world, of whom two thirds are women. More than one third of the world’s adults, most of them women, have no access to printed knowledge, to new skills or to technologies that would improve the quality of their lives and help them shape and adapt to social and economic change. There are nearly 260 million children who are not enrolled in primary school and 70 per cent of them are girls.

Given the dismal statistics portraying women as weak and vulnerable, it is imperative that countries should act on war footing to empower women and take steps to eliminate inequalities between men and women as soon as possible by: establishing mechanisms for women’s equal participation and equitable representation at all levels of the political process and public life in each community and society and enabling women to articulate their concerns and needs;

promoting the fulfilment of women’s potential through education, skill development and employment, giving paramount importance to the elimination of poverty, illiteracy and ill health among women; eliminating all practices that discriminate against women; assisting women to establish and realize their rights, including those that relate to reproductive and sexual health;

adopting appropriate measures to improve women’s ability to earn income beyond traditional occupations, achieve economic self-reliance, and ensure women’s equal access to the labor market and social security systems; eliminating violence against women; ending discriminatory practices by employers against women; making it possible, through laws, regulations and other appropriate measures, for women to combine the roles of child-bearing, breast-feeding and child-rearing with participation in the workforce.

Furthermore, governments should establish mechanisms to accelerate women’s equal participation and equitable representation at all levels of the political process and public life in each community and society and enable women to articulate their concerns and ensure equal participation of women in decision-making processes in all spheres of life. Governments and civil society should take actions to eliminate attitudes and practices that discriminate against and subordinate girls and women and that reinforce gender inequality. Governments should take measures to promote the fulfilment of girls’ and women’s potential through education, skills development and the eradication of illiteracy for all girls and women without discrimination of any kind, giving paramount importance to the elimination of poverty and ill health. Similarly, governments, in collaboration with civil society, should take the necessary measures to ensure universal access, on the basis of equality between women and men, to appropriate, affordable and quality health care for women throughout their life cycle. Likewise, governments should take every possible action to remove all gender gaps and inequalities pertaining to women’s livelihoods and participation in the labor market through the creation of employment with secure incomes, leading to women’s empowerment and enhance their reproductive health.

Above all, legislation ensuring equal pay for equal work or for work of equal value should be instituted and enforced. Only concrete measures supported by positive action on ground can finally help achieve this demanding challenge of ensuring gender equality. Actions speak louder than words. Time to act is now!

The writer is a civil servant by profession, a writer by choice and a motivational speaker by passion!

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Why Aren’t We Making More Progress Towards Gender Equity?

• Elisabeth Kelan

Research on how “gender fatigue” is holding us back.

Despite many of the advances we’ve made toward gender equality in the past few decades, progress has been slow. Research shows that one reason may be that many managers acknowledge that the bias exists in general but fail to recognize it in their daily workplace interactions. This “gender fatigue” means that people aren’t motivated to make change in their organizations. Through ethnographic studies and interviews across industries, the author identified several rationalizations managers use to deny gender inequality. First, they assume it happens elsewhere, at a competitor, for example, but not in their own organization. Second, they believe that gender inequality existed in the past but is no longer an issue. Third, they point to the initiatives to support women as evidence that inequality has been addressed. Last, when they do see incidents of discrimination, they reason that the situation had nothing to do with gender. Until we stop denying inequality exists in our own organizations, it will be impossible to make progress.

Organizations have worked towards achieving gender equality for decades. They’ve invested resources into developing women’s careers. They’ve implemented bias awareness training. Those at the top, including many CEOs, have made public commitments to make their workplaces more fair and equitable. And, still, despite all of this, progress towards gender equality has been limited. In fact, many managers struggle to recognize gender inequalities in daily workplace interactions.

• EK Elisabeth Kelan is a Professor of Leadership and Organisation and a Leverhulme Trust Major Research Fellow at Essex Business School at University of Essex in the United Kingdom.

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Read Beyoncé’s New Essay: “Gender Equality Is a Myth!”

Asawin Suebsaeng

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On Sunday, journalist Maria Shriver, in partnership with the Center for American Progress, released The Shriver Report : A Woman’s Nation Pushes Back from the Brink . It examines the wage gap between men and women and focuses on the issues of the tens of millions of financially insecure women in America. The investigation also features celebrity essays, including ones from Eva Longoria and LeBron James . Grammy-winning singer and self-described “ modern-day feminist ” Beyoncé Knowles-Carter pitched in with a short essay titled, “Gender Equality Is a Myth!”

“We need to stop buying into the myth about gender equality,” the piece reads. “It isn’t a reality yet…Women are more than 50 percent of the population and more than 50 percent of voters. We must demand that we all receive 100 percent of the opportunities.”

Read the full essay here:

Beyoncé has a mixed political record. She is passionate about promoting women’s empowerment around the world and helping the victims of hurricanes , but she also got some much-deserved criticism for performing at a 2009 New Year’s Eve party thrown by the family of Moammar Qaddafi , the late mass-murdering Libyan dictator.

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Read Beyoncé's Essay on Gender Equality

Beyoncé  has written an essay titled "Gender Equality Is a Myth!" for the new installment of Maria Shriver's Shriver Report , a study that the journalist publishes alongside the Center for American Progress.

Beyoncé makes the simple case for gender equality in America through equal pay in the workforce, but she does so by suggesting men play an equal part in demanding it. She writes:

We need to stop buying into the myth about gender equality. It isn't a reality yet. Today, women make up half of the U.S. workforce, but the average working woman earns only 77 percent of what the average working man makes. But unless women and men both say this is unacceptable, things will not change. Men have to demand that their wives, daughters, mothers and sisters earn more—commensurate with their qualifications and not their gender. Equality will be achieved when men and women are granted equal pay and equal respect. Humanity requires both men and women, and we are equally important and need one another. So why are we viewed as less than equal? These old attitudes are drilled into us from the very beginning. We have to teach our boys the rules of equality and respect, so that as they grow up, gender equality becomes a natural way of life. And we have to teach our girls that they can reach as high as humanly possible. We have a lot of work to do, but we can get there if we work together. Women are more than 50 percent of the population and more than 50 percent of the voters. We must demand that we all receive 100 percent of the opportunities.

The report, which is titled "A Woman's Nation Pushes Back from the Brink"—downloadable in full here —also includes pieces from Hillary Clinton, LeBron James, Sheryl Sandberg, and more.

Watch a behind-the-scenes video shot during the making of Beyoncé :

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• 06 September 2023

Gender equality: the route to a better world

You have full access to this article via your institution.

The Mosuo people of China include sub-communities in which inheritance passes down either the male or the female line. Credit: TPG/Getty

The fight for global gender equality is nowhere close to being won. Take education: in 87 countries, less than half of women and girls complete secondary schooling, according to 2023 data. Afghanistan’s Taliban continues to ban women and girls from secondary schools and universities . Or take reproductive health: abortion rights have been curtailed in 22 US states since the Supreme Court struck down federal protections, depriving women and girls of autonomy and restricting access to sexual and reproductive health care .

SDG 5, whose stated aim is to “achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls”, is the fifth of the 17 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, all of which Nature is examining in a series of editorials. SDG 5 includes targets for ending discrimination and violence against women and girls in both public and private spheres, eradicating child marriage and female genital mutilation, ensuring sexual and reproductive rights, achieving equal representation of women in leadership positions and granting equal rights to economic resources. Globally, the goal is not on track to being achieved, and just a handful of countries have hit all the targets.

How the world should oppose the Taliban’s war on women and girls

In July, the UN introduced two new indices (see go.nature.com/3eus9ue ), the Women’s Empowerment Index (WEI) and the Global Gender Parity Index (GGPI). The WEI measures women’s ability and freedoms to make their own choices; the GGPI describes the gap between women and men in areas such as health, education, inclusion and decision making. The indices reveal, depressingly, that even achieving a small gender gap does not automatically translate to high levels of women’s empowerment: 114 countries feature in both indices, but countries that do well on both scores cover fewer than 1% of all girls and women.

The COVID-19 pandemic has made things worse, with women bearing the highest burden of extra unpaid childcare when schools needed to close, and subjected to intensified domestic violence. Although child marriages declined from 21% of all marriages in 2016 to 19% in 2022, the pandemic threatened even this incremental progress, pushing up to 10 million more girls into risk of child marriage over the next decade, in addition to the 100 million girls who were at risk before the pandemic.

Of the 14 indicators for SDG 5, only one or two are close to being met by the 2030 deadline. As of 1 January 2023, women occupied 35.4% of seats in local-government assemblies, an increase from 33.9% in 2020 (the target is gender parity by 2030). In 115 countries for which data were available, around three-quarters, on average, of the necessary laws guaranteeing full and equal access to sexual and reproductive health and rights had been enacted. But the UN estimates that worldwide, only 57% of women who are married or in a union make their own decisions regarding sexual and reproductive health and rights.

Systemic discrimination against girls and women by men, in many contexts, remains a colossal barrier to achieving gender equality. But patriarchy is not some “natural order of things” , argues Ruth Mace, an anthropologist at University College London. Hundreds of women-centred societies exist around the world. As the science writer Angela Saini describes in her latest book, The Patriarchs , these are often not the polar opposite of male-dominated systems, but societies in which men and women share decision making .

After Roe v. Wade: dwindling US abortion access is harming health a year later

One example comes from the Mosuo people in China, who have both ‘matrilineal’ and ‘patrilineal’ communities, with rights such as inheritance passing down either the male or female line. Researchers compared outcomes for inflammation and hypertension in men and women in these communities, and found that women in matrilineal societies, in which they have greater autonomy and control over resources, experienced better health outcomes. The researchers found no significant negative effect of matriliny on health outcomes for men ( A.  Z. Reynolds et al. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 117 , 30324–30327; 2020 ).

When it comes to the SDGs, evidence is emerging that a more gender-equal approach to politics and power benefits many goals. In a study published in May, Nobue Amanuma, deputy director of the Integrated Sustainability Centre at the Institute for Global Environmental Strategies in Hayama, Japan, and two of her colleagues tested whether countries with more women legislators, and more younger legislators, are performing better in the SDGs ( N. Amanuma et al. Environ. Res. Lett. 18 , 054018; 2023 ). They found it was so, with the effect more marked for socio-economic goals such as ending poverty and hunger, than for environmental ones such as climate action or preserving life on land. The researchers recommend further qualitative and quantitative studies to better understand the reasons.

The reality that gender equality leads to better outcomes across other SDGs is not factored, however, into most of the goals themselves. Of the 230 unique indicators of the SDGs, 51 explicitly reference women, girls, gender or sex, including the 14 indicators in SDG 5. But there is not enough collaboration between organizations responsible for the different SDGs to ensure that sex and gender are taken into account. The indicator for the sanitation target (SDG 6) does not include data disaggregated by sex or gender ( Nature 620 , 7; 2023 ). Unless we have this knowledge, it will be hard to track improvements in this and other SDGs.

The road to a gender-equal world is long, and women’s power and freedom to make choices is still very constrained. But the evidence from science is getting stronger: distributing power between genders creates the kind of world we all need and want to be living in.

Nature 621 , 8 (2023)

doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-023-02745-9

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Watch CBS News

Beyonce writes essay on gender equality, calls it a "myth"

By Lauren Moraski

January 13, 2014 / 2:27 PM EST / CBS News

Beyonce tackles gender equality, calling it a “myth” in a new essay published online Sunday as part of the annual Shriver Report on women.

She adds, “Humanity requires both men and women, and we are equally important and need one another. So why are we viewed as less than equal? These old attitudes are drilled into us from the very beginning."

 In a call for action, Beyonce writes, “We have a lot of work to do, but we can get there if we work together. Women are more than 50 percent of the population and more than 50 percent of voters. We must demand that we all receive 100 percent of the opportunities.”

The short essay serves as an excerpt from "The Shriver Report: A Woman’s Nation Pushes Back from the Brink," a partnership with the Center for American Progress. Read it here . Other celebrities have written for the report, including Eva Longoria and Jada Pinkett Smith.

Beyonce, meanwhile, surprised fans at the end of 2013 with the release of a new self-titled album, which became an instant digital hit.  

Lauren Moraski is managing editor of entertainment at CBSNews.com

More from CBS News

Beyonce: Gender Equality Is a Myth

By James Sullivan

James Sullivan

In a new essay, Beyonce has some words of encouragement for all the single ladies and grown women out there. “We need to stop buying into the myth about gender equality,” the singer, credited as Beyonce Knowles-Carter, writes in her contribution to The Shriver Report : A Woman’s Nation Pushes Back From the Brink , a new collection of essays by Hillary Rodham Clinton, Eva Longoria, LeBron James and more.

Beyonce Breakdown: The Ultimate Guide to Bey’s Surprise New Album

Citing studies showing that working women still earn only 77 percent of their male counterparts, Beyonce calls upon men to join women in the push for true equality. “Men have to demand that their wives, daughters, mothers and sisters earn more – commensurate with their qualifications and not their gender,” she writes.

See Beyonce and More Stars at the Met Costume Institute Gala

“We have to teach our boys the rules of equality and respect, so that as they grow up, gender equality becomes a natural way of life,” adds the singer, who has described herself as a “modern-day feminist.” “And we have to teach our girls that they can reach as high as humanly possible.”

Learn How Did Beyonce Kept Her Surprise Album a Secret

The Shriver Report is named for its founder, the TV journalist Maria Shriver, whose mother was Eunice Kennedy and whose father, Sargent Shriver, helped create the Peace Corps and Head Start.

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Gender equality is still a myth

All the claims of gender equality and women’s emancipation are nothing more than hollow slogans and a myth. The women are still the victim of patriarchal system perpetuated by the capitalism, even the developed nations have yet to ensure gender equality not to speak of third world countries, which are marred by poverty and illiteracy. The plight of women in the western world is also not satisfactory as the issues of low wages, work place harassment and cases of rape are increasing. Moreover, these civilized nations are not yet ready or willing to see women in some powerful positions where they could try to bring change in the lives of the people. Although some European nations have made some progress in this regard and have entrusted women with very important responsibilities, but it is a small step towards a great journey. 

Anthropological perspective can help us in understanding the status of women in different types of societies. It enables us to discover the factors responsible for determining women’s position in the society. Carl Marx applied this perspective to uncover the causes of class conflict in the society and concluded that mode of production and relationship between different factors of production determine the status of different classes in the society. Similarly, the status of women is the product of role they play in the economy. In agricultural society, the women used to play a subordinate role, as it is labor intensive job and male’s physical strength gave them a vantage point over women and the former successfully subordinated the latter and confined them within the four walls of home. When Simone de Beauvoir said, “one is not born woman, rather becomes” she summarized the whole history of the subordination of women by the men in a single sentence. It implies the anthropological evolution of women’s status in different societies at different times. 

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With the advent of industrial revolution, the mode of production shifted from fields to industries where modern technological methods are used to maximize production. With this revolution came the chance for women to work in industries because they were cheap labor for the capitalists who desperately reduced their cost. Hence, capitalism had its own economic motives to encourage women emancipation. 

Two great world wars were a dramatic factor in bringing women out of their four walls, as these wars killed millions of men and there was a shortage of labor. Consequently, the women came out of their homes and began to work in factories. This radical change resulted into some rights to the women such as enfranchisement for women and right to work and own property, but men were still in dominating position. Nevertheless, these radical changes united women for their rights and they launched feminist movements for their rights. They fought for the control over their bodies and choices affecting their sexual and reproductive lives. 

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We can say that although the women made some progress towards their emancipation, gender equality is still a dream. Even in the present world women constitute small part of professional class; the women are not welcomed or discouraged to join some professions, especially in the third world countries. There are hardly a few women in the position of power and do not constitute substantial part of political parties. In most of the Muslim countries, they are at the mercy of their male members of the family and the former are virtually deprived by the latter of their rights to make choices affecting their lives. 

The problem with gender equality is the mode of production and the role of women in it. Social and religious super structure imposed by the elite is another major hurdle in the way of gender equality. Fixing quotas and legislation to protect women are superficial and temporary solutions to the problem. The real change will come when women will have opportunity to play an important role in the mode of production. Moreover, the women have to challenge the prevalent religious and social discourse, which perpetuates patriarchy and subjugates women. Language is also an instrument of gender discrimination as it constructs reality and inculcates social and religious values. Hence, gender equality will remain a myth unless and until women challenge the core structure, which causes their subordination. 

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Beyoncé Wants You to Stop Buying Into This Myth Right Now

Question: tell me what you think about this. Everybody's favorite feminist, Queen Bey, has spoken up for women's equality once again, demanding that we stop "buying into the myth" of gender equality. With the byline Beyoncé Knowles-Carter, she writes in a Shriver Report essay about the roles of men and women in achieving equality. The Shriver Report is a nonprofit media organization led by Maria Shriver, and Beyoncé is part of a bigger essay collection from the organization called A Woman's Nation Pushes Back From the Brink , which focuses on financial disparity among the sexes. It's inspiring to see Beyoncé using her stardom to support women, and she makes thoughtful comments on what it will take to see real change:

"Women make up half of the US workforce, but the average working woman earns only 77 percent of what the average working man makes. Unless women and men both say this is unacceptable, things will not change. . . . We have a lot of work to do, but we can get there if we work together. Women are more than 50 percent of the population and more than 50 percent of voters. We must demand that we all receive 100 percent of the opportunities."

This isn't the first time she's publicly backed women's rights. In April 2013, Beyoncé dropped the other F-bomb, joining a series of other famous women who call themselves feminists . "I guess I am a modern-day feminist," Beyoncé told British Vogue . "I do believe in equality and that we have a way to go, and it's something that's pushed aside and something that we have been conditioned to accept."

Independent woman, indeed.

• Beyoncé Knowles

Beyoncé publishes new essay: 'Gender equality is a myth'

Beyoncé has published an essay arguing that gender equality does not yet exist.

In the post, Beyoncé stated that men and women need to join forces to achieve true gender equality.

"We need to stop buying into the myth about gender equality," she wrote. "It isn't a reality yet. Today, women make up half of the US workforce, but the average working woman earns only 77% of what the average working man makes

"But unless women and men both say this is unacceptable, things will not change. Men have to demand that their wives, daughters, mothers, and sisters earn more - commensurate with their qualifications and not their gender.

"Equality will be achieved when men and women are granted equal pay and equal respect."

She added: "We have a lot of work to do. But we can get there if we work together. Women are more than 50% of the population and more than 50% of voters. We must demand that we all receive 100% of the opportunities."

The full essay was published in The Shriver Report: A Woman's Nation Pushes Back from the Brink on January 12.

Beyoncé released her fifth studio album on December 13, reaching a new peak of two in the UK last week.

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Emma Watson Used Hard-Hitting Numbers to Explain How Sexism Works In Hollywood

E mma Watson has never been shy in expressing her support for women’s equality, especially when it comes to fighting back against the rampant sexism in Hollywood. In a recent interview with The Guardian , the actress used straightforward numerical facts to explain the inequality of gender representation in the film industry.

“I have experienced sexism in that I have been directed by male directors 17 times and only twice by women,” Watson said. “Of the producers I’ve worked with 13 have been male and only one has been a woman.”

Watson’s interview was part of a series of testimonials given by actresses, directors, screenwriters and other Hollywood women about their experiences working in the world of film. She spoke about how her work on HeForShe , a campaign she launched for the UN last year, has further opened her eyes to the issues women face.

“I think my work with the UN has probably made me even more aware of the problems,” Watson explained. “I went out for a work dinner recently. It was 7 men… and me.”

She also discussed how women themselves can be guilty of contributing to female discrimination in the industry. But the actress ended on a positive note, stating that some men are alleviating the problem.

“Some of the best feminists I have encountered are men, like Steve Chbosky who directed me in The Perks of Being a Wallflower , and director James Ponsoldt who I am working with at the moment [on The Circle ],” she said.

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UPSC EDITORIAL ANALYSIS : India’s demographic journey of hits and misses

Source: The Hindu

• Prelims: Current events of national importance(total fertility rate (TFR), NFHS, Population bill, Fertility rate, Mortality, TFR, NFHS, SDGs etc)
• Mains GS Paper I & II: Social empowerment, development and management of social sectors/services related to Health.

ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS

• World Population day is observed on July 11
• The world population had touched 5 billion in 1987

INSIGHTS ON THE ISSUE

Background of Population control:

• India was among the first nations to address its population problem in 1951 .
• In 1950: TFR was at around 9(five point nine)% and is now 2% (fifth round of the National Family Health Survey, or NFHS).
• There was a steep decline after the 1970s :Indicating an inversely proportional relationship between economic prosperity and the fertility rate.

India’s population dynamics

●      fertility, mortality, and migration play a pivotal role in shaping india’s demographic landscape., ●      national family health survey (nfhs)-5: i ndia’s total fertility rate (tfr) decreased from 3.4 to 2 between 1992 and 2021, ○      dropping below the replacement level of 2.1., ●      there has been a significant drop in the mortality rate as well., ●      the average life expectancy of indians has also increased over time., ●      according to the 2011 census, individuals aged 60 years and above constituted 8.6% o f the total population., ○      the figure is projected to rise up to 19.5% by 2050..

What changing dynamics signify?

• This can reduce the proportion of the dependent population a nd result in a demographic dividend
• A period where the working-age population is larger than the dependent population.
• India can harness the potential of its young workforce by creating employment.
• The decline in mortality and increase in life expectancy are reflections of a robust health-care system and increased living standards.

Issues associated:

• The issue of population ageing: It requires a long-term plan — focusing on geriatric care and providing social security benefits.
• Rapid rural to urban migration is posing a threat to the existing urban infrastructure.
• A notable absence from political representation
• Unending plight within society

The country’s SDG journey:

●      ‘no poverty, zero hunger and good health’ are the three most important sdgs which form the core of ‘development’., ●      the proportion of the population living below the poverty line reduced from 48% to 10% between 1990 and 2019., ●      the mahatma gandhi national rural employment guarantee act (mgnrega)( 2006) played a critical role in addressing rural poverty., ●      the janani suraksha yojana of 2005: it provides cash benefits to pregnant women — not only accentuated institutional deliveries but also saved poor families from hefty health expenditures., ●      green revolution, india became self-sufficient in crop production and averted a catastrophe., ●      the proportion of the population suffering from hunger reduced from 18.3% in 2001 to 16.6% in 2021., ○      india contributes a third o f the global burden of malnutrition., ●      prime minister’s overarching scheme for. holistic nourishment (poshan) abhiyaan 2018 : it requires a miracle to fulfill the target of ‘zero hunger’ by 2030., ●      health : all the critical mortality indicators have seen steady declines ., ○      the maternal mortality rate (mmr) decreased from 384.4 in 2000 to 102.7 in 2020., ○      the mortality rate for children under five reduced significantly post 2000s ., ○      the infant mortality rate reduced from 66.7 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2000 to 25.5 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2021 ..

• According to Oxfam , the top 10% o f India’s population holds 77% of the national wealth.
• Absolute growth in GDP numbers where the top 1% holds 40% of the total wealth.
• In the Global Hunger Index (2023), India’s rank was 111 out of 125
• In terms of nutrition, stunting, wasting and underweight among children below five years and anemia among women pose serious challenges.
• India’s epidemiological trajectory shows that the country has a double burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases (NCD).

Fertility rate:

• The fertility rate at a given age is the number of children born alive to women of that age during the year as a proportion of the average annual population of women of the same age

Total fertility rate (TFR):

• It refers to the total number of children born or likely to be born to a woman in her lifetime if she were subject to the prevailing rate of age-specific fertility in the population.

India’s Population Issues:

Way Forward

• Population issues such as gender equality a nd socio-cultural divides cannot be ignored in the journey to achieve SDGs.
• With a thorough understanding t hat India will be able to achieve a ‘development’ which is sustainable in its truest sense.
• For India to achieve the SDGs, the changing population dynamics has to be acknowledged while forming policies.
• India needs to address income inequality , harness its demographic dividend by creating job opportunities for the youth of India and address changing health needs.
• India needs a stronger safety net to save these families from slipping into utter poverty.
• This will require an increase in budgetary allocation for the health and nutrition sectors.
• A gender equal approach and empowerment of vulnerable women can solve most issues and propel India’s progress in the SDGs.
• India’s progress in SDGs is directly proportional to the well-being of its population and the route to progress lies in a better understanding of its population dynamics and addressing the issues.

QUESTION FOR PRACTICE

• Despite Consistent experience of high growth, India still goes with the lowest indicators of human development. Examine the issues that make balanced and inclusive development elusive. (UPSC 2021)

(200 WORDS, 10 MARKS)

Editorial Analysis – 11 July 2024 [PDF ]

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Gender Equality is Myth Essay

Gender equality is myth .

Gender Equality, comprehensive term implying  men and women should receive equal treatment unless there is a sound biological reason for different treatment.  The term Equality means being same in size, weight etc. gender equality is a modern concept of 21 century by which Men and Women are regarded as human being with equal right and respect but opposite in sex only. At many international forums it is being debated and strongly believed that both the genders can be brought to certain level of equality by bringing the female gender into mainstream of society. But their are many such contrast and distinctions between both these genders which does not allow Gender Equality to become a reality and hence it would remain a myth for all coming years ahead. Since humanity has know civilization the society is male dominant and the affairs of the mankind are also male driven. Female as gender, since antiquity, has been considered as gender not worthy of works which require force and power. She has always been excluded from activities demanding wisdom, Politics, leadership etc. She had never been asked to participate in war along with infantry. she remained unsuccessful to take a bigger size in history pages describing her qualities. we mostly listen stories of kings and princess and read about their reign and reforms. The expedition they took. but little is heard of her. Physicaly male is more powerful than female. and it is because of this very characteristic that Gender Equality is a Myth today. Physical strength of a male makes him dominant in first instance when compared to a female gender. A married couple, whatever may be the society they are living in, aspires to give birth to a Male child. The Institution of Religion, be it Islam or Hinduism or Christianity etc believes only in making a male head of religious affairs like Molvi, Pandit and Pop. The law of inheritance has also  favored of male in many respects. The Premier head of almost all nations is a male and not female. The female becomes the first lady. (Readers may Comment to further expand the topic)

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The OECD designs international standards and guidelines for development co-operation, based on best practices, and monitors their implementation by its members. It works closely with member and partner countries, and other stakeholders (such as the United Nations and other multilateral entities) to help them implement their development commitments. It also invites developing country governments to take an active part in policy dialogue.

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Key messages, charting development co-operation trends and challenges.

The OECD keeps track of key trends and challenges for development co-operation providers and offers practical guidance. It draws from the knowledge and experience of Development Assistance Committee (DAC) members and partners, as well as from independent expertise, with the ultimate goal of advancing reforms in the sector, and achieving impact. Using data, evidence, and peer learning, this work is captured in publications and online tools that are made publicly available.

Making development co-operation more effective and impactful

The OECD works with governments, civil society organisations, multilateral organisations, and others to improve the quality of development co-operation. Through peer reviews and evaluations, it periodically assesses aid programmes and co-operation policies, and offers recommendations to improve their efficiency. The OECD also brings together multiple stakeholders to share good and innovative practices and discuss progress.

Strengthening development co-operation evaluation practices and systems

The OECD helps development co-operation providers evaluate their actions both to better learn from experience and to improve transparency and accountability. Innovative approaches, such as using smart and big data, digital technology and remote sensing, help gather evidence and inform policy decisions. With in-depth analysis and guidance, the Organisation helps providers manage for results by building multi-stakeholder partnerships and adapting to changing contexts and crisis situations. 

Civil society engagement in development co-operation

National and international civil society organisations (CSOs) are key partners in monitoring development co-operation policies and programmes. Development co-operation can also be channelled to or through CSOs: 

Aid is characterized as going to CSOs when it is in the form of core contributions and contributions to programmes, with the funds programmed by the CSOs. 

Aid is characterized as going through CSOs when funds are channeled through these organisations to implement donor-initiated projects. This is also known as earmarked funding.

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Debunking the Myth That More People Have Been Killed in the Name of God Than in the Name of Anything Else

(Photo Illustration: powerofforever/Getty Images)

Almost anyone who has graduated from college in the last 50 years has repeatedly heard the statement, “More people have been killed in the name of God than in the name of anything else.” And most of them believe it.

It would take a long essay to respond to this claim. I will therefore only note here that if by “God” the people who make this statement are referring to the God of the Bible , and therefore to Christians (Jews rarely had enough numbers or power to persecute anyone), the statement is simply not true.

Yes, Christians killed Jews (though it was never official church doctrine to do so). For example, whole communities of Jews were slaughtered by Christians on their way to fight in the Crusades.

And tens of millions of Indigenous people in the Americas were killed as a result of Christian invasion and settlement —though most of those deaths were caused by European diseases to which people in the Americas had no immunity.

And Christians killed fellow Christians who had a different theology. Between 1618 and 1648, in what became known as the Thirty Years’ War—a war between Europe’s Catholics and Protestants—somewhere between 5 and 8 million people were killed.

But there are few other examples of largescale killings by Christians as Christians (as opposed to people who happened to be Christian killing people, as in the two world wars). For example, during one of the most widely cited examples of Christian killing, the Inquisition, no more than 5,000 people were killed—a number both Jewish and non-Jewish historians agree upon.

The number of people killed by Christians in the 2,000-year history of Christianity is far exceeded by the number of people killed in the Mongol invasions of Europe and China in the 13th century alone—approximately 40 million and 60 million, respectively.

It is also dwarfed by the number of people killed by Muslims, mostly Arabs, from the advent of Islam in the seventh century.

During the thousand-year Muslim rule in India alone, at least 100 million Hindus were killed. (The Indian government rarely speaks of this for fear of introducing civil strife between its Hindu and Muslim populations.)

With regard to the staggering number of Hindus killed by Muslims, historian Will Durant, in his magisterial 11-volume “The Story of Civilization” (co-authored with Ariel Durant), wrote: “The Mohammedan conquest of India is probably the bloodiest story in history.”

Given that those who say, “More people have been killed in the name of God than in the name of anything else,” are referring to Christians, it is not intellectually honest to include the Muslim murder of Hindus as those who have killed “in the name of God” without specifying that most of that killing was done by Muslims.

Finally, and most importantly, there is something in whose name more people have been killed—in the last century alone—than in the name of anything (except Allah). And that thing is “equality.” Lenin, Stalin, Mao, Pol Pot, and other communist tyrants killed at least 100 million noncombatants and enslaved a billion others. All in the name of “equality.”

And that is inevitable. While “all men are created equal,” as the American Declaration of Independence put it, based upon the biblical, Judeo-Christian origins of the American Revolution, it is not possible to achieve equality without violence. That is why the French Revolution, rooted in “equality,” led to the guillotine, while the American Revolution, which was not rooted in equality, led to the freest country ever created .

Why egalitarianism is a monstrous ideology is the subject of my next column.

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