Smartphone Essay

500 words essay on smartphone.

Smartphones have become a very important form of communication these days. It is impossible for a rational person to deny the advantages of smartphones as they are devices suitable for a wide variety of tasks. Let us try to understand smartphones along with their benefits with this smartphone essay.

Smartphone Essay

                                                                                                                                    Smartphone Essay

Understanding the Smartphone

A smartphone is a mobile device that facilitates the combination of cellular and mobile computing functions into one single unit. Moreover, smartphones have stronger hardware capabilities and extensive mobile operating systems in comparison to feature phones.

The strong operating systems of smartphones make possible multimedia functionality, wider software, and the internet including web browsing. They also support core phone functions like text messaging and voice calls.

There are a number of metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) integrated circuit (IC) chips within a smartphone. Moreover, such chips include various sensors whose leveraging is possible by their software.

The marketing of early smartphones was primarily towards the enterprise market. Furthermore, the attempt of the smartphone manufacturers was to bridge the functionality of standalone personal digital assistant (PDA) devices along with support for cellular telephony. However, the early smartphones had problems of slow analogue cellular network, short battery life, and bulky size.

With the passage of time, experts were able to resolve these issues. Furthermore, this became possible with faster digital mobile data networks, miniaturization of MOS transistors down to sub-micron levels, and exponential scaling. Moreover, the development of more mature software platforms led to enhancement in the capability of smartphones.

Benefits of Smartphone

People can make use of smartphones to access the internet and find out information regarding almost anything. Furthermore, due to the portability of a smartphone, people can access the internet from any location, even while travelling.

Smartphones have greatly increased the rate of work. This is possible because smartphones facilitate a highly efficient and quick form of communication from anywhere. For example, a person can participate in an official business meeting, without wasting time, from the comfort of his home via a live video chat application of a smartphone.

Smartphones can also be of tremendous benefit to students in general. Furthermore, students can quickly resolve any issue related to studies by accessing the internet , using a calculator, reading a pdf file, or contacting a teacher. Most noteworthy, all of this is possible due to the smartphone.

People can get in touch with the larger global community by communicating and sharing their views via social media. Furthermore, this provides a suitable platform to express their views, conduct business with online transactions , or find new people or jobs. One can do all that from anywhere, thanks to the smartphone.

These were just a few benefits of smartphones. Overall, the total benefits of a smartphone are just too many to enumerate here. Most importantly, smartphones have made our lives more efficient as well as comfortable.

Get the huge list of more than 500 Essay Topics and Ideas

Conclusion of Smartphone Essay

Smartphones have proven to be a revolution for human society. Furthermore, they have made the whole world united like never before. In spite of its demerits, there is no doubt that the smartphone is a tremendous blessing to mankind and it will continue to play a major role in its development.

FAQs For Smartphone Essay

Question 1: How is a smartphone different from a feature phone?

Answer 1: Smartphones have stronger hardware capabilities and extensive mobile operating systems when compared to feature phones. Furthermore, the smartphone can perform almost all computing functions that a feature phone can’t. The internet and camera capabilities of a feature phone are nowhere near as powerful as that of a smartphone.

Question 2: What is meant by a smartphone?

Answer 2: A smartphone refers to a handheld electronic device that facilitates a connection to a cellular network. Furthermore, smartphones let people access the internet, make phone calls, send text messages, along with a wide variety of functions that one can perform on a pc or a laptop. Overall, it is a fully functioning miniaturized computer.

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Essay on Smartphones

8 Complete Essays on Smartphone – Importance, Benefits, Disadvantages

Smartphones are very useful in our life in various ways. The life in modern days, in fact, depend upon the use of smartphones. The following Essay on smartphones talks about origin, types and importance of smartphones in life. Additionally, how smartphones are useful with varying advantages and misuses of smartphones in Life

Essay on Smartphones; Uses, advantages, and disadvantages:

The Smartphone is a wonderful addition into our lives. It has become a necessity for many people. Its main function is to make our lives easier and more convenient. We can use it as a phone, camera, music player, alarm clock, and many other things. It can also help us stay connected with our friends and family members.

Essay on Smartphones

Importance of Smartphones in our Life

A smartphone is a mobile phone that offers more advanced computing abilities and connectivity than a regular mobile phone. A smartphone typically has a touch screen interface, internet access, and an operating system capable of running downloaded applications.

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The first smartphone was the Simon Personal Communicator, which was created in 1992. It combined features like a cell phone, pager, fax machine, and address book into one device. However, it was not until the 2000s that smartphones became truly popular.

One of the main reasons why smartphones are so popular is because they allow us to be connected to the internet at all times. This means we can stay up-to-date with what is happening in the world, check our email, and social media accounts, and even do online shopping.

Smartphones also allow us to stay connected with our friends and family members. We can call, text, or Facetime them whenever we want.

Smartphone use by Students:

Smartphones can be very beneficial for students. They can use them to look up information quickly, take notes in class, and stay organized. However, there are also some downsides to using a smartphone in school. For example, if a student is constantly on their phone, they might not be paying attention to the lecture and miss important information.

Some schools have banned the use of phones in class, while others have embraced them and even created apps that can be used for educational purposes. It is up to each individual school to decide what is best for their students.

There are some disadvantages to using smartphones too much. For example, if we are always looking at our phones, we might miss out on what is happening around us. We might also become addicted to our phones and spend too much time on them. This can lead to problems like sleep deprivation and anxiety.

>> Related Post:  ” Essay on Freedom of Speech ”

Overall, smartphones have many uses and advantages that make our lives more convenient. However, we should be aware of the potential disadvantages so that we can use them in a healthy way.

Short Essay on Smartphone:

Smartphones have become an integral part of our lives today. They have revolutionized the way we communicate, work and entertain ourselves. A smartphone is a handheld device that combines the features of a phone, computer, camera, and many other useful applications. It runs on an operating system that allows it to perform various tasks and access the internet.

Smartphones have many advantages. The most obvious one is communication. With just a few taps, we can easily call or message our loved ones anywhere in the world. Smartphones have made it possible for us to stay connected with people at all times, whether it’s through social media, video calls or instant messaging apps.

Apart from communication, smartphones also serve as a mini-computer. We can perform various tasks such as checking emails, browsing the web, making presentations and even working on documents. All these functions help us to stay productive and efficient in our daily lives.

Entertainment is another major aspect of smartphones. With access to various apps, we can listen to music, play games, watch movies and shows, and stay updated with the latest news. Smartphones also have built-in cameras that allow us to capture memories on-the-go.

However, smartphones also have their downsides. The constant use of smartphones can lead to addiction and affect our social interactions. They also expose us to cybercrimes and other online dangers. Hence, it is important to use them in moderation and be aware of the risks involved.

In conclusion, smartphones have become an essential gadget in today’s world. They have made our lives easier and more convenient. However, we must use them responsibly and balance their usage with other activities to maintain a healthy lifestyle.

Essay on Mobile Phone 250 Words:

Mobile phones have become an integral part of our daily lives. From texting and calling to keeping track of our schedules and accessing the internet, mobile phones have revolutionized the way we communicate and stay connected with the world.

It is hard to imagine a day without a phone in today’s fast-paced world. In this essay, we will discuss the impact of mobile phones on our lives and society.

Convenience

One of the biggest advantages of mobile phones is the convenience they offer. With a phone in our pocket, we can easily call or text someone at any time. We no longer have to rely on landline telephones, which were not only expensive but also limited to one location.

Mobile phones have made it easier for us to stay connected with our loved ones, whether they are in the same city or across the globe. Moreover, with features like email and messaging apps, staying in touch has become more affordable and convenient.

Productivity

Mobile phones have also increased our productivity. With a smartphone in hand, we have access to the internet anytime and anywhere. This means that we can work on the go, respond to urgent emails, and keep track of important tasks even when we are not at our desks.

Mobile phones have made it possible for us to be constantly connected with our work or business, allowing us to be more efficient and productive.

Mobile phones have also played a crucial role in revolutionizing the education sector. With internet access on our phones, we can easily search for information and learn new things on the go. Many educational apps have been developed to make learning more interactive and engaging, which has greatly benefited students of all ages.

Moreover, mobile phones are now used as a tool for distance education, making it easier for people to pursue their studies while balancing other commitments.

Social Impact

While there are many benefits of mobile phones, it is important to acknowledge the social impact they have had on our lives. With easy access to social media platforms, people tend to spend more time on their phones than interacting with others in person.

This has resulted in a decline in face-to-face communication and has affected personal relationships adversely. The constant use of mobile phones has also led to issues like addiction, cyberbullying, and privacy concerns.

In conclusion, it is evident that mobile phones have greatly impacted our lives in many ways. While they have made communication easier and increased productivity, we must also be aware of the negative effects they may have on our social interactions and well-being.

It is important to find a balance and use this technology responsibly to make the most out of its benefits while minimizing any potential harm

Essay about Smartphone Addiction:

Smartphone addiction has become a common problem in today’s society. With the advancement of technology, smartphones have become an integral part of our daily lives. We use them for communication, entertainment, and even as a tool for work.

However, this constant presence of smartphones has led to an increase in addiction among individuals. In this essay, we will explore the causes and consequences of smartphone addiction.

One of the main causes of smartphone addiction is the need for constant stimulation. We have become accustomed to receiving instant gratification from our smartphones in the form of notifications, likes, and messages.

This constant flow of information and entertainment can be addictive, making it difficult for individuals to detach themselves from their devices. As a result, individuals spend excessive amounts of time on their smartphones, leading to neglecting other important aspects of their lives such as relationships and responsibilities.

Another factor that contributes to smartphone addiction is the fear of missing out (FOMO). Social media platforms have created a culture where individuals feel the need to constantly check for updates and stay connected with others. This fear of being left out can lead to addictive behavior, causing individuals to constantly be on their phones even when it is not necessary. Moreover, the endless scrolling and comparing oneself with others on social media can have negative effects on one’s self-esteem and mental health.

The consequences of smartphone addiction can be detrimental. It affects our physical and mental well-being as we spend long hours hunched over our screens, leading to posture problems and eye strain.

Moreover, excessive use of smartphones has been linked to sleep disturbances, anxiety, depression, and even decreased productivity. Additionally, smartphone addiction can also lead to financial issues as individuals may overspend on in-app purchases or data plans.

In conclusion, smartphone addiction is a growing concern in today’s society with various causes and consequences. It is important for individuals to recognize their usage patterns and take necessary steps to limit their screen time.

Setting boundaries and finding alternative forms of leisure can help combat the negative effects of smartphone addiction. It is crucial to find a balance and not let our smartphones control our lives. So, we should use it as a tool for convenience rather than letting it consume us completely.

Argumentative Essay about Smartphone Addiction:

Smartphones have become an integral part of our daily lives. With their ever-increasing features and capabilities, it’s no surprise that people have become increasingly dependent on them. However, this dependence can turn into an addiction – a condition that is becoming more prevalent in today’s society.

Smartphone addiction is a growing concern and it’s important to understand its causes, consequences, and solutions.

One major cause of smartphone addiction is the need for constant connectivity. Smartphones have made it incredibly easy to stay connected with others at all times through social media platforms, messaging apps and emails.

This constant connectivity has blurred the boundaries between work and personal life, making it difficult for individuals to disconnect from their devices. As a result, people feel anxious and restless when they are unable to check their phones. This leads to a cycle of constantly checking for notifications and messages, causing addiction.

The consequences of smartphone addiction are numerous. The excessive use of smartphones can lead to physical health problems such as eye strain, neck and back pain, and disrupted sleep patterns.

Additionally, constant scrolling through social media feeds can cause feelings of inadequacy and low self-esteem as individuals compare their lives to the seemingly perfect lives portrayed on social media.

Moreover, smartphone addiction can also negatively impact personal relationships as individuals become more engrossed in their virtual world than the real world.

To combat smartphone addiction, individuals need to take proactive measures such as limiting screen time, practicing mindfulness and setting boundaries with their devices. It’s important for people to be aware of their smartphone usage patterns and make a conscious effort to disconnect from their phones during certain times of the day.

Furthermore, finding alternative activities that can provide a sense of fulfillment and relaxation, such as reading or exercising, can help reduce dependence on smartphones.

Overall, it’s essential for individuals to recognize the signs of smartphone addiction and take steps to maintain a healthy balance between technology and their daily lives.

In conclusion, while smartphones have undoubtedly improved our lives in many ways, we must also acknowledge the potential damage they can cause if not used in moderation. By understanding the causes, consequences and solutions of smartphone addiction, we can make informed decisions on how to use technology in a responsible and healthy manner.

Disadvantages of Smartphone Essay:

There are several disadvantages of using smartphones that we should be aware of. In this section, we will discuss some of the most common and concerning drawbacks associated with smartphone usage.

Firstly, one of the biggest problems with smartphones is addiction. With constant access to social media, games, and other forms of entertainment, it is easy to become glued to our phones all day long. This can lead to a decrease in productivity and overall well-being. Many people also experience anxiety and stress if they are separated from their smartphones for an extended period of time.

Another major disadvantage is the impact on our social interactions. With the rise of smartphones, face-to-face communication has decreased significantly. People often spend more time on their phones than engaging in conversations with those around them. This can lead to a decline in interpersonal skills and meaningful relationships.

Moreover, the excessive use of smartphones has also been linked to various health issues. Constantly staring at a screen can strain our eyes and cause headaches. The blue light emitted from phones can disrupt our sleep patterns, leading to fatigue and other related problems.

The constant use of smartphones can also contribute to sedentary behavior, leading to a more inactive lifestyle and potential health issues such as obesity.

Lastly, the constant need for upgrading to the latest smartphone models can also be a financial burden. Smartphones are expensive devices and constantly buying new ones can put a strain on our budgets. This pressure to keep up with the latest technology can also lead to feelings of inadequacy or inferiority if we cannot afford the newest models.

In conclusion, while smartphones offer numerous benefits and convenience, it is important to be aware of their disadvantages as well. It is essential to find a balance in our smartphone usage and not let them take over our lives completely. Limiting screen time, engaging in face-to-face interactions, and taking breaks from technology can help mitigate these drawbacks and promote a healthier relationship with our smartphones.

Smartphones in School Essay:

Smartphones have become a ubiquitous part of modern society, and their impact can be seen in all areas of our lives. This includes the education system, where smartphones have started to make their way into classrooms.

While some see this as a positive development, others argue that smartphones should not be allowed in schools. In this essay, we will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of allowing smartphones in schools.

On one hand, smartphones can be a great educational tool. Students have access to a vast amount of information at their fingertips, which allows them to conduct research quickly and efficiently. This can enhance their learning experience and help them stay up-to-date with current events.

Furthermore, smartphones can also come equipped with various educational apps that can make learning more engaging and interactive. These apps can be tailored to fit the needs of individual students, making learning more personalized.

However, there are also valid concerns about allowing smartphones in schools. One major concern is that smartphones can be a distraction for students. With access to social media and other forms of entertainment, students may find it difficult to focus on their studies. This distraction can have a negative impact on their academic performance and overall productivity.

Moreover, smartphones can also pose a security risk if not monitored properly. Students may use them to cheat on exams or engage in cyberbullying. This can create a negative and unsafe learning environment for students.

In conclusion, the use of smartphones in schools is a controversial topic with valid arguments on both sides. While smartphones can be beneficial in enhancing the learning experience, their potential to distract students and cause security issues cannot be ignored.

It is important for schools to carefully consider their policies regarding smartphone usage and find a balance between utilizing them for educational purposes while also monitoring their usage to avoid any negative consequences.

Evolution of Smartphone Essay:

The evolution of smartphones has been a remarkable journey, with each new generation bringing about incredible advancements in technology. From its humble beginnings as a simple communication device to the powerful pocket-sized computer it is today, the smartphone has transformed the way we live our lives.

The first smartphones were introduced in the early 1990s, but it wasn’t until the release of the iPhone in 2007 that they truly became mainstream. The iPhone revolutionized the industry with its touch screen interface and sleek design, setting a new standard for smartphones. Other companies quickly followed suit, introducing their own versions of touch screen phones and competing to offer the latest features and technologies.

Since then, smartphones have continued to evolve at a rapid pace. The introduction of 3G and 4G networks allowed for faster internet speeds, making it easier to access information on the go. Smartphones also began incorporating features such as GPS navigation, high-quality cameras, and voice assistants. This led to a surge in popularity and an increase in the number of smartphone users worldwide.

Today, smartphones have become an essential part of our daily lives. They are no longer just communication devices, but also serve as our personal assistants, entertainment sources, and even payment methods.

With the constant advancements in technology, it’s exciting to think about where smartphones will take us in the future. From foldable screens to 5G networks and beyond, the possibilities are endless. One thing is for sure: the evolution of smartphones is far from over. It will continue to shape our world and change the way we live for years to come.

So, let’s embrace this technological innovation and see where it takes us next. So, let’s continue to stay curious and open to the endless possibilities that smartphones offer. Who knows what the future holds? Let’s find out together.

What is a smartphone essay?

A smartphone essay is a written piece that discusses the features, significance, and impact of smartphones in today’s society. It typically covers their history, technology, applications, and their role in communication, information access, and entertainment.

What is a smartphone introduction?

A smartphone introduction is the opening section of a document or presentation that provides an overview of smartphones. It often outlines the basic functions and importance of these devices in modern life.

Why are smartphones important?

Smartphones are essential because they serve as multifunctional devices that connect people, provide access to information, and offer a wide range of applications. They enhance communication, productivity, and entertainment, making them integral to daily life.

How do you describe a smartphone?

A smartphone is a handheld electronic device that combines the functions of a mobile phone with those of a computer. It typically features a touchscreen interface, internet connectivity, various apps, and the ability to perform tasks such as calling, texting, web browsing, email, and multimedia playback.

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Essay on Mobile Phone: 100 Words, 300 Words, 500 Words

essay about smartphones

  • Updated on  
  • Feb 21, 2024

essay on my mobile phone

Mobile Phones are portable electronic devices used to make calls, browse the internet, click pictures, and do several other tasks. However, the mobile phones discovered in the early 1970s were quite different from the compact and slim devices we use today. Cell phones were invented by John F. Mitchell and Martin Cooper of Motorola in 1973.

As modern humans, we all use mobile phones for our day-to-day functioning. At academic and higher education levels, students are given the task of writing an essay on mobile phones. An essay on mobile phones requires a comprehensive and detailed study of their history, major developments and the purposes it serve. In this article, we have provided essays on mobile phones for class 6,7,8.9, 10, and 12th standard students. Students can refer to these sample essays on mobile phones to write their own. Keep reading to find out essays on mobile phones and some fun facts about the device.

Table of Contents

  • 1 Sample Essay on Mobile Phone (100 Words)
  • 2 Sample Essay on Mobile Phone (300 words)
  • 3 Sample Essay on Mobile Phone (500 words)
  • 4 Essay on Mobile Phone: 5+ Facts About Smartphones

Sample Essay on Mobile Phone (100 Words)

Also Read: The Beginner’s Guide to Writing an Essay

Sample Essay on Mobile Phone (300 words)

Also Read: Essay on Importance of the Internet

Sample Essay on Mobile Phone (500 words)

Essay on mobile phone: 5+ facts about smartphones.

Here we have listed some of the interesting facts about smartphones. These facts can be added to the ‘essay on mobile phones’ to make it more interesting. Below are the 5 interesting facts about smartphones:

  • The most expensive smartphone in the world is the Falcon Supernova iPhone 6 Pink Diamond. It is worth  $48.5 million.
  • The cheapest mobile phone in the world is the Freedom 251. It just cost INR 251.
  • Apple is the world’s most popular smartphone
  • The first phone greeting was “Ahoy-hoy, who’s calling please?” 
  • The first smartphone was invented by IBM. It was released by IBM in 1994. The original screen name of the 1st smartphone was “Simon.” 
  • The first text message in the world was ‘Merry Christmas’

Also Read: Holi Essay: Free Sample Essays 100 To 500 Words In English

A mobile phone system gets its name from diving the service into small cells. Each of these cells has a base station with a useful range in the order of a kilometre/mile.

Mobile phones have become extremely important due to the ease of communication it has brought about. Moreover, it can perform several major tasks easily and effectively. For example, a calculator. Aside from this mobile phones can help a user connect to the internet, and use social media applications, and other applications. Mobile phones can even assist in online payment. 

The full form or the meaning of a Moble is Modified, Operation, Byte, Integration, Limited, Energy”. John F. Mitchell and Martin Cooper of Motorola discovered the device in 1973. An essay on mobile phones can include the mobile phone full form.

Related Articles

Mobile phones have become an indispensable part of our lifestyle. There are several advantages and disadvantages of having a smartphone. However, the pros outweigh the cons. A mobile phone essay can be written by including both the advantages and disadvantages. To discover more articles like this one, consult the study abroad expert at Leverage Edu.

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Blessy George

Blessy George is a Content Marketing Associate at Leverage Edu, boasting over a year of experience in the industry. Her expertise lies in crafting compelling content tailored to online courses, making her a go-to source for those navigating the vast landscape of digital learning. In addition to online classes, she writes content related to study abroad, English test preparation and visas. She has completed her MA degree in Political Science and has gained valuable experience as an intern.She is known for her extensive writing on various aspects of international education, garnering recognition for her insights and contributions. Apart from her professional pursuits, Blessy is passionate about creative writing, particularly poetry and songwriting.

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Smartphone Essay

A smartphone is a mobile gadget that makes it possible to combine cellular and mobile computing capabilities into a single device. People love to use smartphones because, compared to feature phones, smartphones offer more powerful hardware and robust mobile operating systems. Here are a few sample essays on ‘smartphones’.

Smartphone Essay

100 Words Essay On Smartphone

Modern technological developments have made living simpler. Today, we can quickly call or video chat with anyone by moving our fingers when using a mobile phone. Mobile phones can be used for many different things today, including voice calling, video chatting, text messaging, multimedia messaging, internet browsing, email, video games, and photography. They come in a variety of sizes and shapes and with a variety of technical specifications. Thus, it is referred to as a "Smart Phone." Today you can see everyone's home with at least one smartphone. Even in rural areas where the rate of development isn't as high as that of a city, nearly every person can be seen using a smartphone.

200 Words Essay On Smartphone

With the help of mobile smartphones, life has become increasingly simple. When using a landline phone, calling someone was extremely difficult, expensive, and time-consuming while waiting for the call to connect to your loved ones.

However, a smartphone puts your loved ones within reach with a single click. No matter how far they are from you, whether they are living domestically or abroad, you may always talk to them whenever you want. You can call them via voice or even use the best smartphone technology, video calls. Through the video call feature on your smartphone, you can video chat with family members you can't see every day, but it's always excellent to see them every day.

Smartphones are now utilised for various things, including calling, video calling, texting, sending emails, playing games, and even taking good photos or selfies using the front and primary cameras.

Advantages Of Smartphone

Keeps us connected

Day-to-Day Communicating

Entertainment for All

Managing Office Work

Mobile Banking

Disadvantages Of Smartphones

Wasting Time

Making Us Non- communicable

Money Wastage

Loss of Privacy

Depending on how a user utilises a mobile phone, it could have both beneficial and harmful effects. We should use our mobile devices cautiously and follow best practices to live better, hassle-free lives rather than utilising them carelessly and turning them into life-threatening viruses.

500 Words Essay On Smartphone

In many aspects, smartphones are beneficial in our daily lives. The use of cell phones is essential to everyday life. The smartphone is an excellent improvement to our life. Our work has been made simpler and more convenient due to it. It has numerous uses, including a phone, camera, music player, and alarm clock. We can maintain contact with our friends and family members thanks to it.

Understanding The Smartphone

A smartphone is a mobile gadget that makes it possible to combine cellular and mobile computing capabilities into a single device. In addition, compared to feature phones, smartphones offer more powerful hardware and robust mobile operating systems. Smartphones' robust operating systems enable online browsing, software, and multimedia features. They also support standard phone features like voice calls and text messaging.

Importance Of Smartphones In Our Life

A smartphone is a mobile phone that provides more sophisticated networking and computational capabilities than a typical mobile phone. A touchscreen interface, an internet connection, and an operating system that can execute downloaded programmes are all standard features of a smartphone.

The Simon Personal Communicator, built in 1992, was the original smartphone. It incorporated functions from many devices, including a cell phone, pager, fax machine, and contact book. However, cell phones did not take off until the 2000s.

The ability to always be online is one of the key factors contributing to cell phones' immense popularity. This enables us to keep up with current events, check our email and social media accounts, and even conduct online shopping. We can communicate with our friends and family via smartphones. We can reach them whenever we want by phone, text, or video-chat.

Smartphone Use By Students

Students can benefit from smartphones. They can use them to look up material swiftly, take class notes, and maintain organisation. Nevertheless, there are several drawbacks to using a smartphone in class. A student may not be paying attention to the lecture and miss vital information if they are continually using their phone.

While some schools have outlawed cell phone use in the classroom, others have welcomed it and have even developed apps that can be used for learning. The best course of action for each school's children is up to them.

The excessive use of cell phones has some drawbacks. For instance, if we are always staring at our phones, we risk missing out on what is happening worldwide. We could also develop a phone addiction and use them excessively. This may result in issues like anxiousness and lack of sleep.

My Life Experiences

In my home, there are five smartphones, one for my father, one for my mother, one for my sister, one for my brother, and one for myself. We all use smartphones for personal work. Smartphones help us in many ways, depending on how we use them. A smartphone can affect us in both ways, negatively and positively, depending on how we use it. My father always told us to use mobile phones with a limit. We all have phone-free zones in our house where we are not allowed to use any devices and we spend that time bonding with each other or reading books.

Overall, smartphones have a lot of benefits and uses that make our life easier. However, to use them wisely, we should be aware of any potential drawbacks.

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103 Smartphone Essay Topic Ideas & Examples

Inside This Article

In today's digital age, smartphones have become an essential part of our daily lives. From communication to entertainment, these devices have revolutionized the way we interact with the world around us. With so many different aspects of smartphones to explore, there are countless essay topics that can be written about this versatile technology. Here are 103 smartphone essay topic ideas and examples to get you started:

  • The impact of smartphones on society
  • The evolution of smartphone technology
  • The role of smartphones in education
  • The effects of smartphone addiction
  • How smartphones have changed the way we communicate
  • The benefits of using smartphones for productivity
  • The dangers of distracted driving due to smartphone use
  • Smartphone privacy concerns and data security
  • The influence of smartphones on mental health
  • The future of smartphone technology
  • The importance of smartphone accessibility for people with disabilities
  • The use of smartphones in healthcare
  • The role of smartphones in disaster response and recovery
  • The impact of smartphone use on relationships
  • The rise of mobile gaming on smartphones
  • The environmental impact of smartphone production and disposal
  • The influence of smartphone advertising on consumer behavior
  • Smartphone tracking and surveillance
  • The globalization of smartphone technology
  • The role of smartphones in social activism
  • The effects of smartphone use on sleep patterns
  • The impact of smartphones on children's development
  • The use of smartphones in journalism and citizen reporting
  • The influence of smartphones on fashion and design
  • The benefits of using smartphones for travel and navigation
  • The role of smartphones in political campaigns
  • The effects of smartphone use on memory and cognitive function
  • The use of smartphones in emergency response situations
  • The influence of smartphones on language and communication skills
  • The ethical implications of smartphone technology
  • The impact of smartphones on the music industry
  • The benefits of using smartphones for remote work
  • The effects of smartphone use on physical health
  • The role of smartphones in e-commerce and online shopping
  • The influence of smartphones on cultural trends
  • The use of smartphones in disaster preparedness and response
  • The impact of smartphones on the environment
  • The benefits of using smartphones for fitness and health tracking
  • The effects of smartphone use on socialization and relationships
  • The role of smartphones in urban planning and development
  • The influence of smartphones on fashion and beauty trends
  • The use of smartphones in public transportation and urban mobility
  • The benefits of using smartphones for language learning
  • The effects of smartphone use on attention span and focus
  • The role of smartphones in virtual reality and augmented reality experiences
  • The influence of smartphones on social media and online communities
  • The use of smartphones in disaster response and recovery efforts
  • The impact of smartphones on job creation and economic development
  • The benefits of using smartphones for remote learning and education
  • The effects of smartphone use on creativity and innovation
  • The role of smartphones in political activism and advocacy
  • The influence of smartphones on cultural diversity and inclusion
  • The use of smartphones in wildlife conservation and environmental protection
  • The impact of smartphones on journalism and media reporting
  • The benefits of using smartphones for financial management and budgeting
  • The effects of smartphone use on mental health and well-being
  • The role of smartphones in public safety and emergency response
  • The influence of smartphones on art and creative expression
  • The impact of smartphones on travel and tourism industries
  • The benefits of using smartphones for language translation
  • The effects of smartphone use on social interactions and relationships
  • The role of smartphones in healthcare and telemedicine
  • The influence of smartphones on political participation and civic engagement
  • The use of smartphones in wildlife conservation and environmental protection efforts
  • The impact of smartphones on global trade and commerce
  • The benefits of using smartphones for environmental monitoring and research
  • The effects of smartphone use on physical health and well-being
  • The role of smartphones in disaster response and recovery efforts

As you can see, there are a wide variety of essay topics that can be explored when it comes to smartphones. Whether you're interested in the social, economic, environmental, or technological aspects of this technology, there is sure to be a topic that piques your interest. So go ahead and start writing about the fascinating world of smartphones!

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Are Smartphones Good or Bad? (Essay Guide)

With the rapid advancement in technology, smartphones have become a part of our everyday lives.

We use them to communicate, to work, to stay informed, and even to entertain ourselves.

But are smartphones really good for us, or are they bad? This essay guide will explore the advantages and disadvantages of smartphones, their impact on social interactions, mental health, education, productivity, and privacy.

We will delve into the different ways smartphones can be both good and bad, giving readers the tools to decide how to best use smartphones to their advantage.

Table of Contents

Short Answer

The answer to this question really depends on how smartphones are used.

Smartphones can be both good and bad, depending on the circumstances.

On the one hand, smartphones can offer many convenient features such as allowing people to stay connected with their friends and family, access to the internet, and the ability to perform a variety of tasks, such as online shopping or banking.

On the other hand, smartphones can be a source of distraction and can lead to an unhealthy dependence on technology.

Ultimately, it is important to be aware of the potential risks and benefits of using smartphones and to use them mindfully and responsibly.

Advantages of Smartphones

Smartphones offer a wide range of advantages that have made them an essential tool in our daily lives.

First and foremost, smartphones provide us with access to a wealth of information.

With a few clicks, we can search for information on virtually any topic, quickly and conveniently.

We can also access the internet to read the news, watch videos, and stay up to date with the latest developments in the world.

Smartphones also make it easy to stay connected with friends, family, and loved ones no matter where they are in the world.

This means that people can stay in contact with their loved ones even when they are separated by distance.

We can also use our smartphones to share photos, videos, and other media with our contacts, allowing us to stay updated on each others lives.

Smartphones also provide us with an array of entertainment options.

We can watch movies, listen to music, and play games on our phones.

This means that we can have access to entertainment no matter where we are.

We can also use our phones to access streaming services such as Netflix, Hulu, and Amazon Prime Video, making it easier than ever to watch our favorite movies and shows.

Lastly, smartphones have revolutionized the way we shop.

We can now purchase products and services from the comfort of our own homes, eliminating the need to travel to a store.

We can also compare prices and read reviews to ensure that we are getting the best deal.

Smartphones have also made it easier to keep track of our finances, as we can access our bank accounts and pay bills with just a few taps.

In summary, smartphones offer a range of advantages that make them an essential tool in our daily lives.

They provide us with access to a wealth of information, allow us to stay connected with people from all over the world, and offer us an array of entertainment options.

They also make it easier to shop and manage our finances.

Disadvantages of Smartphones

Smartphones can be a distraction from face-to-face interactions and can lead to further disconnection from those around us.

Smartphones can lead to an over-reliance on technology, reducing our ability to think critically or problem solve independently.

They can also be a source of anxiety, as we are always connected and can easily become overwhelmed by the amount of information and notifications that come our way.

Additionally, smartphones can be an addiction, with people becoming dependent on their devices and losing track of time.

This can lead to a lack of productivity, as well as mental and physical health problems.

Finally, smartphones can be a source of cyberbullying and can be used to spread false information, which can have serious consequences.

The Impact of Smartphones on Social Interactions

Smartphones have had a profound impact on the way we interact with each other.

With the ability to communicate and stay connected with anyone, anytime, anywhere, the concept of socializing has been drastically altered.

People can now stay in touch with friends and family, even when they are miles apart, and can access a wealth of information from around the world.

On the one hand, this has had a positive impact on our social lives.

People can now easily stay connected with their loved ones and have access to a wealth of information that was previously unavailable.

However, there is also a downside to smartphones: they can be a distraction from face-to-face interactions.

People may become so engrossed in their phones that they forget to interact with the people around them.

Furthermore, there is the issue of cyberbullying, which has become increasingly prevalent due to the rise of smartphones.

With the ability to send messages anonymously, people can be cruel and hurtful to others without facing any consequences.

This can lead to psychological distress and can even lead to suicide in extreme cases.

Overall, it is clear that smartphones have both positive and negative effects on social interactions.

While they can provide access to a wealth of information and allow people to stay connected with their loved ones, they can also be a distraction from face-to-face interactions and can lead to cyberbullying.

As such, it is important to be mindful of how we use our smartphones and remember to take time to interact with people around us.

Smartphones and Mental Health

Smartphones have become an integral part of our lives, and with that comes the potential for both positive and negative effects on our mental health.

On the one hand, smartphones provide us with access to a wealth of information and allow us to stay connected with people from all over the world.

This can be beneficial in terms of building relationships, reducing feelings of loneliness, and providing access to mental health resources.

On the other hand, smartphones can also be a distraction from face-to-face interactions, which can lead to feelings of alienation and even depression.

Additionally, spending too much time on smartphones can lead to feelings of anxiety or stress, as well as an increased risk of developing physical health problems.

At the same time, smartphones can also be used to help manage mental health conditions.

For example, there are a number of apps and websites available that can help people manage anxiety, depression, and even PTSD.

Additionally, apps like Calm, Headspace, and Happify can be used to help manage stress and improve overall wellbeing.

Ultimately, smartphones can have both positive and negative effects on mental health.

It is important to be mindful of how much time you are spending on your smartphone and to ensure that you are taking regular breaks from it to engage in other activities.

Additionally, if you need help managing mental health conditions, there are a variety of apps and websites available that can help.

Smartphones and Education

Smartphones are becoming increasingly prevalent in the classroom, and many students are using them to access educational resources.

Smartphones can provide students with a wealth of information and resources, including online textbooks, lecture slides, and educational videos.

Furthermore, they can be used to access online forums and discussion groups, where students can ask questions and get help from other students and experts.

Smartphones also allow students to access information quickly and easily, which can be particularly helpful for those studying for exams.

Additionally, students can use smartphone apps to keep track of their assignments, grades, and other important information.

All of these features make smartphones invaluable tools for students.

Smartphones and Productivity

Smartphones can be powerful tools when it comes to productivity.

They offer a wealth of applications designed to improve productivity, from note-taking apps to task managers.

Smartphones also provide access to the internet, which can be a great resource for research, creative projects, and more.

Additionally, they allow us to stay connected with our colleagues, clients, and peers, making it easier to collaborate and share ideas.

However, smartphones can also be a major distraction.

Notifications, email, and social media can pull our attention away from the task at hand and can be difficult to ignore.

Additionally, some research suggests that the blue light emitted by our devices can disrupt our circadian rhythms and make it difficult to focus on tasks.

Ultimately, smartphones can be a great asset when it comes to productivity.

However, its important to be mindful of how we use our devices and make sure to limit distractions when necessary.

With the right approach and discipline, smartphones can be powerful tools for getting work done.

Smartphones and Privacy

When it comes to smartphones, it is important to consider the implications of privacy.

Smartphones are incredibly powerful tools, and with that comes the potential for misuse.

Smartphones are able to store and access large amounts of personal data, and if that data falls into the wrong hands, it could be used for malicious purposes.

This is why it is essential to ensure that security measures are in place to protect your data.

It is also important to be mindful of the privacy settings on individual apps and websites, as well as the security settings on your phone.

By taking the necessary precautions, you can ensure that your data remains safe while still enjoying the benefits of your smartphone.

Final Thoughts

Ultimately, smartphones are a powerful tool that can be used for good or ill.

They can provide us with access to a wealth of knowledge, keep us connected with people from all over the world, and help to increase our productivity.

However, it is important to be mindful of the potential negative impacts of smartphones, such as their ability to distract us and interfere with our social interactions.

To make the most of the advantages that smartphones offer, it is important to use them responsibly and in moderation.

With a mindful approach to using smartphones, we can make the most of all the benefits that come with them, while mitigating the potential risks.

James Miller

He believes that technology should be fun and easy to use. That’s why he wants to make sure that everyone has access to the information they need to get the most out of their devices.

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  • Mobile Phone Essay in English for Students

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Essay on Mobile Phone for Students

What is an essay? An essay is a write-up from one’s perspective or jotting down one’s thoughts in one place regarding any topic. Writing an essay helps one to develop their writing skills and inculcate creativity in their writing. Likewise, all the parents should teach their kids how to write an essay. 

For your convenience, we have provided a sample essay on ‘Mobile Phone’ in the following. Take a glance through the article so that it becomes easy for you to teach how to write an essay effortlessly.

Mobile Phone

In the era of technical advancement, mobile phones play a very significant role. Technology has made our life quite easier. Life without a mobile phone seems to be quite impossible these days. Precisely, we become handicapped without a phone in hand.

Speaking of mobile phones, it is also referred to as ‘cellular phone’ or ‘smartphone’. Martin Cooper of Motorola produced the first handheld mobile phone call on a prototype DynaTAC model on 3 April 1973. 

Earlier it was only used for calling. But these days, everything is possible through a mobile phone. From sending a message to video calling, internet browsing, photography to video games, emailing and a lot more services can be availed through this handheld phone. 

Advantages of Using Mobile Phones

There are several advantages to using a mobile phone. Here are some provided in the following. 

Helps to Communicate:

Life is easier with mobiles. It helps you to communicate with your near and dear ones through calls, video chats, text messages, emails. Apart from that, it helps you to book a cab, show the map direction, order groceries and many more things. The main advantage of having a mobile is it helps to keep you connected with the entire world irrespective of your location.

A Medium of Entertainment:

With the advent of mobile, now you will be able to get entertained wherever you are. Now the world of entertainment is available just a click away, such as you can watch movies, listen to music, or watch your favorite sports or browse on social media networks etc. 

Mobile Banking:

Can you imagine doing all of your banking transactions and other relevant work through your cell phone? Yes, now everything is possible with the advancement of technology. Be it making a quick payment or transferring money to your family or checking the transaction history or accessing the bank accounts, everything is possible with just a tap of your button. So, it is quite efficient and saves a lot of your precious time.

Office Work Through Mobile:

These days mobiles are used for different types of official work such as scheduling meetings, giving presentations, sending and receiving important documents, applying for jobs, etc. Mobiles have become an essential device in every working person’s life.

Disadvantages of Using Mobile Phones

Creating distance:

While mobile phones claim to connect people and help to communicate with each other, the irony here is that it is creating more distance between people. Nowadays people are more hooked on their phones. So, they mostly spend their time browsing social media or texting each other rather than meeting and talking face to face. 

No Privacy:

These days one of the major concerns is losing one’s privacy through mobile usage. Now anyone could easily access all the important information related to you with just one tap. Not only your information, information about your family, friends, personal life, career, everything is pretty easily accessible. 

Waste of a Lot of Time and Money:

Time and money both are precious in everyone’s life. As the utilization of mobile phones is increasing day by day, the waste of time and money is also increasing gradually. People are becoming addicted to their phones, be it surfing the internet or playing games or checking social media. Besides, the smarter a phone becomes, the more money people spend to buy that phone instead of spending the money on something useful.

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FAQs on Mobile Phone Essay in English for Students

1. What is essay writing?

An essay is a piece of writing that expresses the author's point of view; yet, the definition is ambiguous, merging with those of a letter, a paper, an article, a pamphlet, and a short fiction. Formal and casual essays have typically been divided into two categories. The formal essay has a serious objective, dignity, logical organization, and length, whereas the informal essay has a personal element, humor, graceful language, rambling structure, unconventionality or freshness of theme," and so on.

Literary critique, political manifestos, academic arguments, observations of daily life, recollections, and reflections of the author are all popular uses for essays. Although almost all modern essays are written in prose, compositions in verse have often been labeled as essays. While an essay is typically defined by its brevity, works such as John Locke's An Essay Concerning Human Understanding and Thomas Malthus's An Essay on the Principle of Population are exceptions. To garner more information, click here.

2. Give a brief overview of mobile phones and their history.

Mobile phones are quite important in this age of technological growth. Our lives have been made much easier by technological advancements. These days, life appears to be impossible without a cell phone. Without a phone in our hands, we become disabled.

When it comes to mobile phones, they're also known as 'cellular phones' or smartphones.' On April 3, 1973, Motorola's Martin Cooper made the first handheld mobile phone call on a prototype DynaTAC device.

It was formerly only used for calling. However, nowadays, everything is possible via a mobile phone. This handheld phone can do anything from sending a message to video calling, internet browsing, photography, video games, and emailing, among other things.

3. What are some advantages of using mobile phones?

Using a mobile phone has several benefits. The following are a few suggestions.

Aids in Communication:

Mobile phones make life easier. It allows you to contact your loved ones via phone conversations, video chats, text messages, and emails. Apart from that, it assists you in booking a cab, displaying map directions, ordering groceries, and a variety of other tasks. The biggest benefit of owning a mobile phone is that it allows you to stay connected to the rest of the world regardless of where you are.

An Entertainment Medium:

With the introduction of mobile phones, you may now be amused wherever you are. The world of entertainment is now just a click away, with options such as watching movies, listening to music, watching your favorite sports or browsing social media networks.

4. State some of the drawbacks of using mobile phones.

Some of the drawbacks of using mobile phones are:

Creating a buffer:

While mobile phones claim to connect people and make it easier for them to interact, the irony is that they create more distance between them. People nowadays are more reliant on their phones. As a result, they choose to spend their time on social media or texting instead of meeting and talking face to face.

There is no privacy:

One of the major issues these days is losing one's privacy due to cell phone usage. With just one swipe, anyone may now readily access all of your vital information. Not only is your information easily accessible, but so is information about your family, friends, personal life, and work.

A waste of time and money:

In everyone's life, time and money are both quite valuable. As the number of people using mobile phones grows, so does the amount of time and money spent on them.

5. How is an essay writing useful to students?

Writing essays help students develop important abilities and functions in their education, making them more useful. One, writing essays allows students to practice and improve abilities that they can apply throughout their academic careers and into their careers. For example, one can improve their reading and writing skills, as well as their capacity to think, organize thoughts, and communicate effectively.

Two, it enables pupils to develop a formal and orderly writing style that reliably conveys information. Three, it aids in the organization of your thoughts on what you are learning, the development of vocabulary, and the development of a distinct writing style. Get free study materials through the Vedantu app and website.

  • Mobile Phones

Essay on Mobile Phones

500 + words uses of mobile phones essay.

Mobile phones, chiefly used to make voice calls to people, are also popular as cell/cellular phones. The current technological developments have made our lives more comfortable. We are becoming more and more dependent on mobile phones for our communication. From calling to emailing or texting and even making purchases online, the uses of mobile phones are numerous. For this reason, mobile phones are also known as “smartphones” now.

Mobile Phones Essay

The fact that we should also avoid overdependence on mobile phones is also discussed in this essay on the mobile phone. This mobile phone essay in English discusses the advantages and disadvantages of mobile phones. Learn from this essay how to write a persuasive essay on mobile phones for students and help them ace essay writing.

Advantages of Mobile Phones Essay

This section of the mobile essay talks about the advantages of mobile phones. See here what this mobile phone paragraph has to say.

  • Stay connected: – Mobile phones are the best way to stay connected with your friends and family living away from you. Voice calls, video calls, emails, messages and texts- thus, the communication modes via cell phones are multitude.
  • Mode of entertainment: – As technology advances, you can now find the entire entertainment industry at your fingertips on your mobile. There are apps on mobiles to watch films, series/ shows, documentaries, news, read books, listen to music and much more.
  • Managing office work :- With working from home becoming more popular now due to the Covid-19 pandemic, mobile phones can also simplify our work. From creating and getting reminders about meeting schedules, online meetings, sending and receiving emails/ files, giving presentations, setting alarms and applying for jobs to setting up a calendar to do jobs, mobile phones are beneficial for working people. Instant messaging and official emails via mobile phones also flow forth to connect with office people.

Disadvantages of Mobile Phones Essay

There are also cons to using mobile phones. Find here the disadvantages of mobile phones.

  • Become overdependent on mobile phones :- It is seen that people tend to become overdependent on mobile phones, thus wasting their time. With technological advancement, the use of mobile phones has increased, making people addicted to them.
  • People become more non-communicable :- They use mobile phones more as a mode of communication or to entertain themselves, thus meeting people less or talking less. As time goes by, they become rather incommunicable.
  • Privacy loss:- Loss of privacy is another primary concern on the rise due to over usage of mobile phones. It is now possible to get personal details like where you live, details of your friends and family, job and education and so on via mobile phones.

Thus, see how there are pros and cons to using a mobile phone, from these advantages and disadvantages of mobile phones essay. Seeing as how mobile phones are now an integral part of our lives, it’s up to us to know how to use them properly to lead a hassle-free life without misusing them.

Also Read: Social Media Essay | Essay on Health is Wealth | Essay On Constitution of India

Frequently Asked Questions on Mobile Phones Essay

Who invented the mobile.

The mobile phone was invented in the year 1973 by Martin Cooper.

What is the role of mobile phones in our lives?

Mobile phones are a part of our lives now. Some of its main roles are storing data, instant communicative purposes, digital cameras, etc.

How can a mobile phone be of use to the student?

Students can use mobile phones for various study and research purposes. An abundant amount of information which is useful for students can be accessed through mobile phones.

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Learn English: What do you think about smartphones?

ABC Education

Hands holding a smartphone

  • X (formerly Twitter)

Writing a balanced argument and expressing your opinion are important skills that are assessed in English tests. In this lesson, we look at a sample question about smartphones and learn how to structure a written response.

Smartphones are useful for everyday life but they are damaging to our health and relationships.

To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?

This question is asking you to present a balanced argument and offer your opinion. A balanced argument involves presenting arguments for and against the issue that is being presented.

There should be four paragraphs in your response:

  • 1. An introduction
  • 2. An argument that agrees/disagrees with the statement
  • 3. An argument that disagrees/agrees with the statement
  • 4. A conclusion with your opinion

Introduction

It's important to identify the key issues in the essay question and demonstrate an understanding of different points of view in the introduction. You should also indicate your own stance in the introduction.

"Almost everybody carries around a smartphone in their pocket or bag. It's difficult to imagine going about our everyday routines, without a smartphone readily available. While there are a number of conveniences that come with owning and using a smartphone, these devices ultimately encourage behaviour that is harmful to our health and damaging to our relationships with one another."

Smartphones offer convenient and easy to use ways to communicate. ( Unsplash: Luke Porter ) Agreeing with the statement

Can you think of some reasons in support of the essay statement and question? How can smartphones be "useful for everyday life"?

You can start this paragraph with a topic sentence, indicating that you'll be talking about reasons why smartphones are "useful for everyday life".

"Smartphones are useful, practical and convenient devices that we can all use to make our daily activities easier."

Provide a more detailed answer by following up with sentences that begin with transitions.

"Firstly, smartphones can be used to communicate with friends and family in convenient and easily accessible ways. At no other point in history has it been so effortless for us to communicate with people in different parts of the world through instant messaging, as well as voice and video calls."

"Moreover, most people need to commute or travel at some point in the day. There are numerous smartphone apps that assist significantly with that. For example, there are map apps that tell you your location and how to get to a particular destination. There are also transport apps that tell you when the next bus or train will arrive."

Man standing on a train platform looking at his smartphone.

Disagreeing with the statement

Can you think of some reasons against the essay statement and question? Can smartphones be "damaging to our health and relationships", despite being "useful for everyday life"?

In this example, we have to clearly address both the effects of smartphone usage on our health and our relationships.

Again, start with a topic sentence that signals what the paragraph will be about:

While it is true that smartphones are convenient tools, they ultimately create harmful habits that have flow-on effects on our health and relationships with one other.

"We all know that long periods of screen time on our phones can damage our eyes. However, we still continue to use them regularly because the convenience and accessibility of smartphones make them difficult to put down."

"Even though smartphones can be used as communication tools, they have become a substitute for face-to-face communication and genuine relationships. There is the addictive impulse to check your phone multiple times a day , to check notifications from social media apps and email, or to see if you've received any notifications. This encourages us to look at our phone, rather than the people and the environment that is physically around us, for a sense of gratification and security."

Concluding with your opinion

Conclude your response by clearly stating your opinion and summarising the main ideas that you have expressed.

"In conclusion, smartphones encourage habits and behaviour that is damaging to our health and relationships. The long-term effects of this are greater than the small, daily conveniences that smartphones offer. We should be very cautious about overstating the power of smartphones, otherwise we may only understand the implications of this technology after it is too late to change our behaviour."

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Learn English: Science speak

ScienceSpeak06_ABC_160815

Study English S3 Ep2: Writing Task Response

Responding to an essay task

Learn English: Words related to the sky and space

Person staring at starry night sky under a curved rock formation

Using Smartphones in Learning

  • To find inspiration for your paper and overcome writer’s block
  • As a source of information (ensure proper referencing)
  • As a template for you assignment

Introduction

According to Madden (2011), smartphones were introduced into the market in the year 1996, and quickly spread to all parts of the world. This is contrary to other technologies like landline telephones that took longer time before reaching the local and international market.

Before the introduction of smartphones into the market, most people including students could not believe that it was possible to use the gargets in learning. Later after it had been introduced, teachers and learners were able to accept the fact that smartphones can easily be used in various studies (Madden, 2011).

Additionally, people had been using the computer before for their studies and doing other jobs on the internet. This topic has been chosen following its relevancy, immensity, and vastness, which communicational gadgets and aspects enjoy in the current world. Additionally, these communication gadgets (Smartphones) are known globally following their competitiveness, novelty, modernization, variability, and appropriateness in the communication industry.

Individuals who need multipurpose gadgets, which can operate multiple tasks simultaneously, engage the mind, provide extreme entertainment services, possess other exiting provisions and appalling features should resort to these products. Precisely, the global fame, distinctiveness, technological variability, and convenience that these smartphones possess have necessitated the choice of the topics in the context of learning among students.

Mobile communicational and learning gadgets (smartphones) differ significantly globally and this claim is notable in the chosen topics. Globally, numerous students have introduced and embraced the use of these products despite the challenges. The aspects of competition, cost, convenience, and variability have played massive roles in the disparities noticed amidst these gadgets. Appropriateness similarly contributes to the choice of the topics (Nielsen & Webb, 2011).

The topic is understandable by majority following its suitability and relevancy indicated before. Additionally, the three Smartphone gadgets are comparable with one another. This provision gives opportunity to handle the assignment as demanded.

Since the gadgets differ significantly in various aspects, it is possible to compare and contrast them in the context of learning. Evidently, numerous touch-screen phones/Smartphone have rocked the mobile phone’s market. Nonetheless, this category of phones has outstood others in the learning arenas.

Recent history about the use of smartphones in learning

Currently, most students and teachers have embraced the use of smartphone devices to improve their learning standards. According to Shelly, Vermaat & Quasney (2011), the use of this garget has proved to be more convenient and reliable compared to other technological methods that can be used in learning.

It has been discovered that most students who are using smartphones are able to make a steady improvement in their studies compared to those who use ordinary learning materials in their studies (Shelly, Vermaat & Quasney, 2011). Besides, it was discovered that students from rich backgrounds were able to access the mobile device compared to those from poor families.

Learners were able to use their mobile applications to organize for group discussions. Moreover, applications like drop box were used by teachers to post assignments where students could also post back their homework. Consequently, this saved a lot of time since the students are able to submit their assignments online and at any time (Frederick & Lal, 2009). This is a critical provision in the context of learning and technological advancements.

Statement of the problem

There are a number of challenges that had been faced by teachers and students in their learning process. According to Stair & Reynolds, learners could spend a lot of money on producing copies of their assignments while teachers could also spend some money when printing out assignments or various exam tests (Stair & Reynolds, 2012).

Additionally, students took a lot of time before handing over their assignments simply because they did not have adequate facilities or equipment to do their homework. Both teachers and students entirely relied on the information from the books or journals hence they were not able to get enough information for their studies.

Learning institutions also had to spend increase their budget for buying computers that were used for studies. Consequently, introduction of smartphone usage in learning has reduced the costs that could have been spend on buying the computers as students can now obtain the vital information for their learning.

Purpose of the study

The study was majorly carried out to establish the importance of using smartphone devices as a learning tool. For instance, it should indicate how it has changed the learning standards of students using mobile devices in their studies as compared to other learning methods that had been used before.

Additionally, the other reason for carrying out the study is to find out the rate at which learners and teachers use the smartphones and how it has changed their learning abilities. The study was also carried out to determine the historical background about the usage of smartphones in learning.

This will eventually show how it was introduced into the market and the way it has been accepted as a vital learning tool (MobileReference, 2007). Besides, the study majorly focuses on the technologies employed when operating smartphones and how to use various phone applications to enhance learning.

The other reason for carrying out the study is to determine the challenges being faced by students and teachers who are using smartphone devices in learning. It also indicates how it has affected the performance of students who are using the smartphones in their learning compared to those relying on learning materials provided by their teachers (Stair, 2011).

The study also tries to give a clear description of smartphone and its features. The other purpose of the study is to understand the recent developments that have been made to the smartphones and how people are able to adopt the changes. This is a critical provision in the context of learning and technological advancements.

Recent statistics regarding the use of smartphones in learning

According to various statistics, the use of smartphone devices in learning has greatly and inevitably changes the student’s behavior. Consequently, learners using this mobile device have improved in their performance at a faster rate compared to those who are not using smartphones (Stair, 2011). The number of learning institutions that have accepted the use of mobile devices in learning is steadily increasing.

Currently, most students cannot do their homework without the use of their smartphones. Most students do not only use their smartphones for learning but also checking into social websites like Facebook and twitter. According to various researches carried out, 60 percent of learners use smartphones for their learning purposes where 70 percent have the feeling that they are hooked to their phones (Chao, 2011).

Additionally, 90 percent use the mobile device for social networking where as 50 percent of the students were found to be using their mobile devices to study for exams and tests. According to Shelly, Vermaat & Quasney (20011), Institutions have also reduced the cost that could have been used in buying computers for studies by allowing students to use their smartphones in school for their learning purposes.

Moreover, most of the learning institutions have adopted the use of smartphones in doing their operations. For instance, an individual can get information regarding an institution through their internet enabled smartphones.Conversely, the use of mobile devices in learning has not been fully implemented hence most schools still do not allow their students to use the phones.

New and advanced technologies such as WI-FI offer very fast and steady connection. The rate of data transfer is much quicker compared to 3G. This technology can be a predicament to all other investments in education as well as content providers within the intervention of mobile network.

The mobile phone builder Nokia and Cisco, wireless network creator, are already adopting this technology to make the Wi-Fi phone to enhance learning provisions. WiMax is another good technology that will help smartphone users to get into the industry at a cheaper cost. This is a wireless connectivity system that enables two operators to have an uninterrupted communication with no routing over a central switch.

Besides sending data, the operator on the other end can also act as a repeater or a router. Lastly is the Power line broadband technology. It provides fast internet connection through electrical grids. All these technologies are appropriate for mobile network operators.

Research questions

During the research, various questions have been raised about the effectiveness of using smartphones in learning. Additionally, the research is trying to find out the effectiveness of the mobile applications and how the students are ready to learn on how to use the applications. The other question is whether the use of smartphones in learning will make the students improve in their performance or not.

Precisely, major questions incorporate;

  • How do smartphones influence the behaviors of young students in the context of learning?
  • Which age group majorly use smartphones in learning
  • What are the impacts of the smartphones on learning among students?
  • What are the smartphone techniques employed by students to learn in schools?

Significance of the topic

The topic reveals various applications that are fitted in the smartphone and how they can be used. It also shows the rate at which students are able to use the smartphones in their studies. The topic is relevant since it shows how people are much involved in improving the academic standards.

Otherwise they could have not bothered to carry out some research concerning the use of smartphones in learning. Another significance of the topic is that it provides more information on regarding the people’s views concerning the usage of smartphones in learning.

Key definitions

The meaning of smartphone and its applications are some of the key definitions in the topic. The other definition is how the various applications of the smartphone are used for different purposes.

Key assumptions

There are numerous assumptions that had been made regarding this study. It has been assumed that the smartphones are only being used by the students for their learning and not to do any other work. For instance, it has not discusses how students can use them to communicate to each other.

It has not discussed how smartphones have negatively affected students. For instance, students can use their smartphones to cheat in exams and eventually affect their academic standards. The other key assumption is that the phones are not internet enabled hence it has not discussed about how to connect the phones with internet. The realization of the absolute scope of the project requires immense resources that most students are deficient of.

Key assumption is that, learning would only succeed or meet its target if computer literacy is enhanced among students, proper planning is executed, right software(s) is/are procured, adherence to timelines maintained, and appointing a responsible leadership executed. As assumed, learning might fail if proper performance strategies and identification of pertinent learning provisions are not embraced in regard to smartphones.

Limitations of the study

One of the disadvantages of the study is that most of the students are not able to afford the smartphones hence a research on using smartphones in learning will not be accurate.The study also needs some enough money to carry out various researches concerning the smartphones.

The study does not include non-students who are also using smartphones for their learning purposes like finding some relevant information they require. Additionally, the study does not include the disadvantages of using the smartphones as a learning tool. The regulation of technology in learning can be attained through different avenues.

Some of these may not be instituted by the concerned institutions. This study concerns itself with how students use Smartphones in learning. When policies are enacted, they ignore other governmental actions that could influence the use of smartphones in schools.

Historical background on the use of smartphones

Smartphones are cellular telephones that are fitted with some important applications and internet access. Besides, the current smartphones do not only provide digital voice services to the people across the world but also e-mail and sending text messages.

Through the phones, people can listen to their favorite music, watch videos, take cameras and make calls. Over the recent years, the number of people using smartphones has drastically increased across the world. Additionally, people of different gender, young and old are able to use the smartphones.

Conversely, most individuals using this type of phone are not able to understand how the technology has advanced. Specific technologies designed to develop the product had been invented. For instance, the know-hows has introduces some clear presentation that shows how the phone has steadily evolved since it was introduced into the market.

In addition, it also shows some of the old mobile phones that had existed before. In the early days, phones were considered to be huge machines that slowly evolved to become smaller with time. The introduction of iphones has created a massive change of mind as people have now put more focus on the phone’s screen.

Besides, phones have increasingly become bigger than before to accommodate larger displays. Mobile phones were invented in the year 1973 by Martin cooper. Moreover, smartphones were later introduced into the market in the year 1996. Since its introduction into the market, people were able to easily communicate with each other without any challenges.

Different smartphones were introduced into the market at different times. For instance, Blackberry was introduced into the market in 1999 while the standard Motorola was introduced in the year 2004. This is a critical provision in the context of learning and technological advancements. This is a critical provision in the context of e-learning and promotion of technology in the learning arenas.

This has greatly improved people’s living standards as many individuals can now read and write using their mobile phones. Consequently, smartphones have now become a device that can be used for both private digital help and a mobile phone.

Various mobile phone manufacturing companies have been introduced into the market hence there is a stiff competition within the local and international markets. Consequently, most of the companies are not coming up with some unique inventions to ensure that they actively and successively compete with other organizations.

For instance, the American market has been flooded with approximately nine technologies with different products. Unlike landline phones and mobile phones which has reached their saturation points, smartphones has steadily gained popularity and is still believed to move at a faster rate. For instance, their market share has been doubling each year.

Statistics indicate that this represents more than three quarters of the total sales in the United States mobile phones sales. In addition, approximately fifty percent of the American population is now in possession of smartphones. The pace at which it has evolved in the American market can only be compared with that of the television.

Consequently, other companies and businesses have resolved to the use of the smartphones to advertise their products and carry out some transactions. Smartphones including the iPhone 4S is a derivative of iPhone 4. The phone has additional features added to it making it exemplarily magnificent.

This gives it a massive competitive advantage over other contenders in its category. Being a product from Apple Inc., the company uses numerous segmentation variables unique to the phone in order to promote it within the learning environments and beyond. This renders the phone quite potable and convenient to use for learning purposes. For example, Apple Inc.

managed to reduce the bulkiness of iPhone 4S compared to the former iPhone 4, which is its predecessor. These features have impressed students thus giving the phone a massive market share compared to other phones in its category or below. It measures 115.2 x 58.6 x 9.3 mm in dimensions indicating how slim, portable, and convenient it was at the time of its inception.

These provisions have rendered smartphones quite competitive in the learning realms. Another notable variable in this phone is the language recognition provisions that it possesses. Most Smartphones have the software provision named SIRI (Speech Interpretation and Recognition Interface), which is able to recognize and interpret voices, answer inquiries, compose recommendations, and execute actions, and connect to the internet by a set of delegated request.

For example, this feature forms the selling point of iPhone 4S. It is the only gadget with these provisions hence can be used by numerous categories of customers. The fact that it recognizes voices and interprets them into functional commands is a fascinating provision of its era. This has rendered the phone quite magnificent besides other provisions it has in its functionality.

This indicates the valuable use of smartphones in learning. Another variable used by smartphone to target its clients is memory provisions. The phone has no memory card slot but contains considerable internal 16/32/64 GB storage and a 512 MB RAM. This means that it has a faster processing unit and internal data storage capacity commensurate to storage provisions provided by the external storage devices.

In their data variables, smartphones have WLAN (Wi-Fi hotspot) making them capable of accessing wireless internet connections during learning sessions. They also possess Bluetooth for local transfer of information and a USB pot provision where they can be connected directly to computers for direct exchanges. This exhibits the important use of smartphones in learning.

Another variable that has rendered smartphones quite competitive in the learning provisions is their high resolution inbuilt camera (Touch focus, geo-tagging, face recognition, HDR, VGA, LED video light) capable of recording videos, capturing snaps, and offering image editing provisions. These factors have offered a considerable selling point for smartphones compared to other phones in its caliber and in the context of learning contexts.

These segmentation variables give the phones the psychographic and benefits sought. Students have a number of benefits they attain from the phone. This indicates the valuable use of smartphones in learning. For instance, this gives iPhone 4S a competitive advantage against other rivals in the market. The phone has a stronger brand name created by Apple allowing it to sell globally.

In features, as one of its segmentation variables that differentiates iPhone 4S from others, the phone has an operation system of iOS 5, sensors, Dual-core 1 GHz Cortex-A9 processor, and varying messaging provisions namely iMessage, SMS (threaded view), MMS, and Email among others (GSMArena.com.).

Other features include Google Maps, Audio/video thespian and editor, and variability in colors (Black and White), which are all important in the learning provision. This demonstrates the credible use of smartphones in learning. The market is saturated with numerous products of similar category; however, these commodities still thrill the market with novelty and appropriateness required in the currently changing world.

The marketers of these products have managed to bring them to the global limelight. In the context of e-learning, the products have attained a reasonable market share, global visibility, massive customer response, and considerable returns.

Discussions of theoretical framework for the study

According to Diane D’Amico (2012), over the past years, a number of schools did not accept the fact that cellphones can be used in various studies. For instance, most schools and institutions have barred the students from using the mobile phones arguing that students can use the gargets to steal their exams.

But currently, with the improved technology, most schools and learning institutions have accepted the fact that use of smartphones is a vital technology that should be embraced by the students (D’Amico, 2012). Besides, studies reveal that the use of smartphones will reduced some costs that can be incurred by the students when using the old technology in their studies.

Consequently, the use of the phones in their studies has become part of their life as they cannot easily do their homework or any other tasks without the involvement of the smartphones. The gadgets are able to access internet, take pictures, store information, record voices, and perform other numerous tasks demanded by their users.

However, they vary considerably from the services they offer, technological endorsement, physical structure, performance, and value among other provisions in the context of learning. The mentioned gadgets have considerable disparities ranging from their manufacturers to functionality and other provisions. This has rendered them quite considerable in this write-up.

Additionally, they belong to the same industry. Mobile phones, wireless communication, entertainment, pleasure, information storage, and variety are some of the lucrative provisions considerable in these products. The smartphones have rocked the global market and learning provisions since their inception several years back.

According to D’Amico (2012), the most interesting part is that the students themselves have realized the importance of using smartphones in their studies hence most of them are able to quickly learn and operate the gargets without the assistance of their lecturers or teachers. For instance, they (teachers and lecturers) do not have to show learners how the technology can be applied.

On the other hand, teachers and lecturers in various learning institutions have also resolved to the use of phones to improve their lessons. Arguably, the issue is not about the availability of the iphones but rather how it can be used to improve the level at which students are being taught in class. Conversely, most of the students are using the phones as part of their games hence teachers have the responsibility of ensuring that the students stay focused and use the phones appropriately (D’Amico, 2012).

Otherwise, the smartphones will not serve their correct purpose. Possibly, students are able to discover and experiment themselves past the lessons that they are taught in class. Teachers are also supposed to ensure that they use online services that can be applicable to all the students as some may possess different types of phones.

Conversely, some of the schools do not allow the use of phones in normal classrooms but only when they are doing their computer studies. One of the biggest challenges is that most of the teachers had not accepted the fact that smartphones can be used by the students as their classroom tool.

Statistics indicate that most of the students are now able to do their assignments back at home with a lot of ease hence they do not find themselves on the wrong side of the school rules. Consequently, they are able to give their teachers some easy time to move ahead thus completing their syllabus on time. Most teachers and lecturers strongly believe that the use of smartphones in studies has created more opportunities and saved time that could have been wasted in classrooms when carrying out manual teaching.

It has also reduced costs that would otherwise be used to print out some papers for studies as teachers can now transmit all the needed information electronically. According to Bolkan (2012), most students using smartphones in their studies are majorly interested in STEM subjects. Arguably, there is a huge gap between the number of people using their smartphones back at home and in school.

According to various surveys that had been carried out, it was evident that a number of students (approximately 40 percent) use their smartphones to do their assignment back at home (Bolkan, 2012). In addition, approximately 30 percent said that they use their tablets to do their homework. Among the students questioned, 60 percent believed that they were able to acquire more knowledge in mathematics and science through the use of laptops and tablets.

The same tendency was seen with the students that were using smartphones in their classrooms. Conversely, 60 percent of students using tablets said that they were not allowed to use them in their classrooms. 80 percent gave similar report concerning smartphones.

Most student studying STEM lessons have easy access to the job market in the united states hence most students are using their mobile devices to improve their concentration in STEM studies (Bolkan, 2012). Consequently, the number of scholars graduating with a degree in STEM has steadily increased over the past years.

According to the interviews carried out, most of the students who were using smartphones and laptops in their classroom studies had more inclined to the study of STEM subjects. Additionally, they said they were happy and felt clever to go for the STEM lessons. Conversely, 80 percent of the students coming from poor families were not able to purchase the smartphones or laptops hence they entirely relied on what they were being taught in class (Bolkan, 2012).

Among the students who were interviewed 60 percent accepted the fact that the application of the smartphones has made them to have the desire of learning more. According to Cathleen, Hossain and Elliot, the use of computers and smartphones had changed the whole learning curriculum that had been used before they were introduced.

Consequently, the application of the mobile devices in their studies has led to a 40 percent improvement in their final grades. The market price of the smartphone and tablets is steadily decreasing hence most of the students are able to purchase the devices. Consequently, schools will only have to organize on how to provide internet to the students and not how to purchase computers.

This will eventually reduce the costs that could otherwise been used to purchase computers for students. Arguably, a number of students preferred using the smartphones compared to laptopssince they considered it to be readily available and cheap compared to other gargets that they can use in their studies.

Additionally, smartphones are able to actively cope with the rapid improvement in technology. Unlike computers, students preferred using the smartphones as it was portable and always obtainable. Additionally, students were able to switch the gargets off and on easily thus it were considered as a time consuming mobile device.

It was discovered that most students who had smartphones were able to use them both at home and in school hence it they were able to improve in the way they carried out themselves academically. Besides, the mobile device has assisted the teachers to organize a comprehensive lesson. It has also helped the students towards improving their lessons.

Cathleen, Hossain and Elliot believe that most schools are supposed to encourage their students to adopt the new technologies to make them cope with the daily changes in the learning patterns. According to Carey (2012), a number of students use the smartphones cheating in their examinations and cyber-bullying. Conversely, they believe the mobile device can be an important learning tool.

Smartphones have an unbelievable computing power and hence are most preferred by a number of students who are ready to improve in their studies (Carey, 2012). Statistics indicated that if the students are not able to properly use their smartphones, then there is high possibility of them using them inappropriately. Therefore, teachers should direct the students on how to appropriately use the smartphones in their study rooms as learning tools.

Jennifer acknowledges that she teaches in an independent school where most of the students come from rich families. Consequently, all of her students possess some brand of smartphone device. This does not apply to all the teachers. Most students are able to carry out their discussions in groups where they can only use a single device in each group.

Smartphone devices are being used by the students and teachers for supporting their lessons and any academic activities within and outside the school (Carey, 2012). For instance, the tools make the lessons to become more captivating and productive. Consequently, students will not be intrinsically captivated with the mobile device they continuously use when out of school.

If they are not able to enjoy using the smartphone devices during their studies, then they can be desirous to use them in a wrong way. The use of the phones has given weak students a chance to express themselves as they are now able to ask questions during their lessons (Carey, 2012). The use of smartphone is growing rapidly in the learning arenas. The technology has revolutionized the education sector in regard to learning behaviors.

This might in turn influence their behaviors as students in the realms of decision making and learning preferences. Notably, colleges and universities are some of the areas that have adopted the use of smartphones in learning. Research indicates that the use of smartphones for learning provisions has grown tremendously over the past years.

Discussion of learning theories in regard to Smartphones

Students and teachers have used smartphones in a number of ways during their studies.They (Students and teachers) are able to install software called poll everywhere which they can use to carry out class polling of quizzing. According to Rai (2011), the software is free hence every student using the smartphones is able to access it.

Quiz questions can be generated using the software whereby students will be able to deliver their respective answers by sending text messages using their phones. The process is very cheap and convenient therefore students do not need to purchase, set up or maintain the sticker systems (Rai, 2011). As a requirement, students should register their smartphone numbers with their class teachers.

Consequently, the teachers will be able to check their answers for some of the unprepared quizzes or reviews. This will also help teachers identify the academic records and trends of their students and find possible solution to areas with weaknesses. Students have also used the smartphone devices for in-class back-channeling (Rai, 2011).

Through this process, students and teachers are able to use their internet systems and social media to ensure that there is a constant online spoken remarks. In addition, there will be an easy communication through the social media. Baldauf & Stair (2011) states that, through social media like twitter, teachers are able to give homework to the students.

Consequently, students are also able to submit their homework online hence it saves time since they do not have to wait until they reach school. Due to the improved technology, students can now study and do their exams online by using their smartphone devices (Baldauf& Stair, 2011). Moreover, people are able to use some common programs like Today’s Meet to create some provisional rooms to organize for some student discussions.

Students can also use Poll Everywhere to organize for their group discussions and control some of the comments. According to Balacheff (2009), students can use the smartphone devices effectively in their reading rooms as e-Readers for handouts and their study books. They can always find some of the needed information for their assignments using their internet enabled smartphone devices.

Consequently, this will improve their reading and learning skills hence they are able to make an outstanding academic improvement (Balacheff, 2009). Students and teachers can use their Drop Box accounts to attach their handouts, assignments or recorded articles on their phones (Rosen, 2009).

They can use their internet enabled smartphones to access reference materials in their drop box accounts without having to photocopy them out. Additionally, they will not ask for fresh copies of the references since they can always obtain them in their Drop Box space. Learners can use their smartphone applications like Nook applications and iBooks to obtain their traditional reading materials (Rosen, 2009).

Besides, a number of the mobile applications have free information and students can easily upload the necessary information they need. Consequently, they are able to save a lot of money they could have spent in buying the books and making photocopies. By using mobile applications, students are able to highlight and annotate their work.

According to Morley, Parker & Parker, learners can always use their smartphone devices to carry out research. They can take notes and data that are useful for the research. Besides, the power of carrying out successful research is in the mobile applications. They can use the smartphone’s fitted camera to capture some information that is important for the research (Cho, 2013).

Applications like Genius Scam+ can always be used to take pictures of books with large volumes, make them smaller and improve them for easy reading (Morley, Parker & Parker, 2010). They can always generate notebooks of documents by copying some pieces of books that contain the important information they need. Consequently, they can keep the information in their smartphones in a photo image or PDF format (MobileReference, 2007).

Learners can also use applications like Evernote to consolidate their class work and images. Stanza applications found in a number of smartphones can be used to change notes to word or PDF format. Generally, the dependence on investigation of most effective strategies would be applicable in enhancing the critical research outcomes of the study (Anderson & Little, 2004).

The appearance and perception of the teaching or instruction method when in application of the concise or accurate mathematical vocabulary within students’ written or outlined solutions would also be critical. The study will also analyze the effects of application of diverse proposed strategies in teaching the mathematical vocabulary.

There will be consideration of the most affected classroom grades within the education systems, most probably, the high school as well as the eighth grades. The proposed study remains of great importance to most other instructors, even those within other subjects. There will be provision of adequate information to these teachers, regarding the effect of basic languages on the particular subjects by the end of the proposed study.

Several studies in the past have majored and discovered basically the particular literacy methods that can be applied by instructors and teachers in the instruction and learning processes. These investigations have also majored on the ways of strengthening the conviction that literacy remains vital when students get to know the critical skills and comprehend the e-learning provisions. The students suffer difficulty in the application of concise language of smartphones.

Sections related to research question background

Numerous researches carried out indicate that approximately 80 percent of students from wealthy background are able to access and use smartphones. This is contrary to those coming from poor background whose figure was approximately 32 percent. Additionally, learners using smartphones were able to improve in their class work compared to those who entirely relied on their class work.

It was also discovered that a number of students preferred using the smartphone devices for doing their assignments and carrying out research. Conversely, more research should be carried out to establish how smartphone applications directly affect students who use them at school compared to those using them only at home. Research should also be carried out to establish the effectiveness of using smartphones.

Conclusively, given chapter one and two, it is necessary to carry out this research (Cho, 2013). Firstly, producers of the chosen smartphones have to deal with suppliers proficiently to ensure that they manage their production, operations, and marketing activities adeptly. Additionally, any hindrance in the supply chain process can cost the company massively in the realms of business and promptness.

Another issue is the raw ingredients/raw materials needed to prepare the concerned smartphones. These should be adequate, reliable and of higher quality enhance e-learning provisions. The providers of microchips, software, batteries, and assembly materials must be prompt in their services. The third aspect to be considered is the distributors in the sales and marketing chain to help student access smartphones in the market.

This must conform to the educational demands. Considerably, lives of individuals have been influenced positively through mobile phone infrastructures. Currently, mobile phone communications is quite prevalent and is applied in almost everywhere from businesses to government institutions and private entertainments. The applications are not only limited to elementary calls rather; different products and services are provided.

In all the applications, e-learning through smartphones has become very vital and feasible. The evolution of e-learning is influenced much by the progress and advancements in modern e-learning applications. Also, progression of main substructure constituents like fast wireless data networks like 3G plus mobile communication devices with multiple applications contribute immensely to improvements in the e-learning through smartphones.

This has numerous of benefits as already outlined in the above summery. The major factors that drive attractiveness to the e-learning through smartphones include easy usage, accessibility, and convenience. The implementation or integration of new IT systems in the learning institutions requires proper planning, coordination, and acquisition of the right software(s).

This is to ensure that every activity is undertaken within the scope of operation. The use of smartphones for learning among students might face the risk of poor planning and incongruence due to its expanded scope. The scope requires more time to aid the procurement of quality networks, infrastructure and strategic planning.

This is not achievable among some students and institutions they learn in. This may pose a serious risk that may compromise the expected quality standards in education. Major constraints appertain to lack of adequate resources including monetary provisions and IT specialists.

Chao, L. (2011). Open source mobile learning: Mobile linux applications . Hershey, PA: Information Science Reference.

Frederick, G. R. & Lal, R. (2009). Beginning smartphone web development: Building JavaScript, CSS, HTML and Ajax-based applications for iPhone, Android, Palm Pre, Blackberry, Windows Mobile and Nokia S60 . New York: Apress.

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MobileReference,. (2007). Travel Barcelona, Spain: City Guide, Phrasebook, and Maps . Boston: MobileReference.com.

Nielsen, L. & Webb, W. H. (2011). Teaching generation text: Using cell phones to enhance learning . San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

Shelly, G. B., Vermaat, M., &Quasney, J. J. (2011). Discovering computers 2011: Living in a digital world : introductory . Boston, MA: Course Technology Cengage Learning.

Stair, R. M. (2011). Fundamentals of information systems . New York: Cengage Learning.

Balacheff, N. (2009). Technology-enhanced learning: Principles and products . Dordrecht: Springer.

Baldauf, K. & Stair, R. (2011). Succeeding with technology: Computer system concepts for your life . Boston, MA: Course Technology/Cengage Learning.

Bolkan, J. (2012). Middle School Students Using Smartphones More Interested in STEM . Web.

Carey, J. (2012). Teaching with Smartphones . Web.

Cho, N. (2013). The use of smart mobile equipment for the innovation in organizational coordination . Berlin: Springer.

D’Amico, D. (2012). Teachers share tips for using smartphones as learning tools in class, at home . Web.

Morley, D., Parker, C. S., & Parker, C. S. (2010). Understanding computers: Today and tomorrow . Boston, MA: Course Technology Cengage Learning.

Pachler, N., Bachmair, B., Cook, J. & Kress, G. R. (2010). Mobile learning: Structures, agency, practices . New York: Springer.

Rai, P. (2011). Using Smartphones to Enhance Learning . Web.

Rosen, A. (2009). E-learning 2.0: Proven practices and emerging technologies to achieve real results . New York: AMACOM/American Management Association.

Stair, R. M., & Reynolds, G. W. (2012). Principles of information systems . Australia: Course Technology Cengage Learning.

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Science News

Smartphones may be changing the way we think.

Those attention-grabbing digital devices are like a new appendage. How are they changing us?

young adults on smartphones

DIGITAL MINDS   Smartphones offer ways to connect, store data and get directions. But what exactly digital tech does to our brains is still an unanswered question. 

Tassii/iStockphoto

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By Laura Sanders

March 17, 2017 at 12:21 pm

Not too long ago, the internet was stationary. Most often, we’d browse the Web from a desktop computer in our living room or office. If we were feeling really adventurous, maybe we’d cart our laptop to a coffee shop. Looking back, those days seem quaint.

Today, the internet moves through our lives with us. We hunt Pokémon as we shuffle down the sidewalk. We text at red lights. We tweet from the bathroom. We sleep with a smartphone within arm’s reach, using the device as both lullaby and alarm clock. Sometimes we put our phones down while we eat, but usually faceup, just in case something important happens.

Our iPhones, Androids and other smartphones have led us to effortlessly adjust our behavior. Portable technology has overhauled our driving habits, our dating styles and even our posture . Despite the occasional headlines claiming that digital technology is rotting our brains, not to mention what it’s doing to our children, we’ve welcomed this alluring life partner with open arms and swiping thumbs.

Scientists suspect that these near-constant interactions with digital technology influence our brains. Small studies are turning up hints that our devices may change how we remember, how we navigate and how we create happiness — or not.

Portion of Americans who reported using a technology device in the hour before bedtime

Source: Michael Gradisar et al/J. Clin. Sleep Med. 2013

Portion of U.S. college students who reported checking their phones at least once overnight

Source: L. Rosen et al/Sleep Health 2016

Somewhat limited, occasionally contradictory findings illustrate how science has struggled to pin down this slippery, fast-moving phenomenon. Laboratory studies hint that technology, and its constant interruptions, may change our thinking strategies. Like our husbands and wives, our devices have become “memory partners,” allowing us to dump information there and forget about it — an off-loading that comes with benefits and drawbacks. Navigational strategies may be shifting in the GPS era, a change that might be reflected in how the brain maps its place in the world. Constant interactions with technology may even raise anxiety in certain settings.

Yet one large study that asked people about their digital lives suggests that moderate use of digital technology has no ill effects on mental well-being.

The question of how technology helps and hinders our thinking is incredibly hard to answer. Both lab and observational studies have drawbacks. The artificial confines of lab experiments lead to very limited sets of observations, insights that may not apply to real life, says experimental psychologist Andrew Przybylski of the University of Oxford. “This is a lot like drawing conclusions about the effects of baseball on players’ brains after observing three swings in the batting cage.”

Observational studies of behavior in the real world, on the other hand, turn up associations, not causes. It’s hard to pull out real effects from within life’s messiness. The goal, some scientists say, is to design studies that bring the rigors of the lab to the complexities of real life, and then to use the resulting insights to guide our behavior. But that’s a big goal, and one that scientists may never reach.

Evolutionary neurobiologist Leah Krubitzer is comfortable with this scientific ambiguity. She doesn’t put a positive or negative value on today’s digital landscape. Neither good nor bad, it just is what it is: the latest iteration on the continuum of changing environments, says Krubitzer, of the University of California, Davis.

“I can tell you for sure that technology is changing our brains,” she says. It’s just that so far, no one knows what those changes mean.

Of course, nearly everything changes the brain. Musical training reshapes parts of the brain. Learning the convoluted streets of London swells a mapmaking structure in the brains of cabbies. Even getting a good night’s sleep changes the brain. Every aspect of our environment can influence brain and behaviors. In some ways, digital technology is no different. Yet some scientists suspect that there might be something particularly pernicious about digital technology’s grip on the brain.

“We are information-seeking creatures,” says neuroscientist Adam Gazzaley of the University of California, San Francisco. “We are driven to it in very powerful ways.” Today’s digital tools give us unprecedented exposure to information that doesn’t wait for you to seek it out; it seeks you out, he says. That pull is nearly irresistible.

Despite the many unanswered questions about whether our digital devices are influencing our brains and behaviors, and whether for good or evil, technology is galloping ahead. “We should have been asking ourselves [these sorts of questions] in the ’70s or ’80s,” Krubitzer says. “It’s too late now. We’re kind of closing the barn doors after the horses got out.”

Story continues after graphic

A team in the United Kingdom designed an Android app to track cell phone use in students and staff at the University of Lincoln for 15 days. The app registered when the phone’s screen turned on and then off, resulting in charts like the one below depicting one moderate cell phone user’s daily activity. Wider bars mean longer time on phone. Alarm clock wake-ups on weekdays are obvious. Saturdays are marked by red dashed line.

essay about smartphones

Attention grabber

One way in which today’s digital technology is distinct from earlier advances (like landline telephones) is the sheer amount of time people spend with it. In just a decade, smartphones have saturated the market, enabling instant internet access to an estimated 2 billion people around the world. In one small study reported in 2015, 23 adults, ages 18 to 33, spent an average of five hours a day on their phones, broken up into 85 distinct daily sessions. When asked how many times they thought they used their phones, participants underestimated by half .

In a different study, Larry Rosen, a psychologist at California State University, Dominguez Hills, used an app to monitor how often college students unlocked their phones. The students checked their phones an average of 60 times a day, each session lasting about three to four minutes for a total of 220 minutes a day. That’s a lot of interruption, Rosen says.

What am I missing?

In one small study of 104 college students, more than half unlocked their phones more than 60 times a day. 

essay about smartphones

Source: L. Rosen

Smartphones are “literally omnipresent 24-7, and as such, it’s almost like an appendage,” he says. And often, we are compelled to look at this new, alluring rectangular limb instead of what’s around us. “This device is really powerful,” Rosen says. “It’s really influencing our behavior. It’s changed the way we see the world.”

Technology does that. Printing presses, electricity, televisions and telephones all shifted people’s habits drastically, Przybylski says. He proposes that the furor over digital technology melting brains and crippling social lives is just the latest incarnation of the age-old fear of change. “You have to ask yourself, ‘Is there something magical about the power of an LCD screen?’ ” Przybylski says.

Yet some researchers suspect that there is something particularly compelling about this advance. “It just feels different. Computers and the internet and the cloud are embedded in our lives,” says psychologist Benjamin Storm of the University of California, Santa Cruz. “The scope of the amount of information we have at our fingertips is beyond anything we’ve ever experienced. The temptation to become really reliant on it seems to be greater.”

Memory outsourcing

Our digital reliance may encourage even more reliance, at least for memory, Storm’s work suggests. Sixty college undergraduates were given a mix of trivia questions — some easy, some hard. Half of the students had to answer the questions on their own; the other half were told to use the internet. Later, the students were given an easier set of questions, such as “What is the center of a hurricane called?” This time, the students were told they could use the internet if they wanted.

People who had used the internet initially were more likely to rely on internet help for the second, easy set of questions, Storm and colleagues reported online last July in Memory . “People who had gotten used to using the internet continued to do so, even though they knew the answer,” Storm says. This kind of overreliance may signal a change in how people use their memory . “No longer do we just rely on what we know,” he says.

MRI scans of hippocampus and caudate nucleus

“We are becoming symbiotic with our computer tools,” Betsy Sparrow, then at Columbia University, and colleagues wrote in 2011. “The experience of losing our internet connection becomes more and more like losing a friend. We must remain plugged in to know what Google knows.”

That digital crutch isn’t necessarily a bad thing, Storm points out. Human memory is notoriously squishy, susceptible to false memories and outright forgetting. The internet, though imperfect, can be a resource of good information. And it’s not clear, he says, whether our memories are truly worse, or whether we perform at the same level, but just reach the answer in a different way.

“Some people think memory is absolutely declining as a result of us using technology,” he says. “Others disagree. Based on the current data, though, I don’t think we can really make strong conclusions one way or the other.”

The potential downsides of this memory outsourcing are nebulous, Storm says. It’s possible that digital reliance influences — and perhaps  even weakens — other parts of our thinking. “Does it change the way we learn? Does it change the way we start to put information together, to build our own stories, to generate new ideas?” Storm asks. “There could be consequences that we’re not necessarily aware of yet.”

Research by Gazzaley and others has documented effects of interruptions and multitasking, which are hard to avoid with incessant news alerts, status updates and Instagrams waiting in our pockets. Siphoning attention can cause trouble for a long list of thinking skills, including short- and long-term memory, attention, perception and reaction time. Those findings, however, come from experiments in labs that ask a person to toggle between two tasks while undergoing a brain scan, for instance. Similar effects have not been as obvious for people going about their daily lives, Gazzaley says. But he is convinced that constant interruptions — the dings and buzzes, our own restless need to check our phones — are influencing our ability to think.

Making maps

Consequences of technology are starting to show up for another cognitive task — navigating, particularly while driving . Instead of checking a map and planning a route before a trip, people can now rely on their smartphones to do the work for them. Anecdotal news stories describe people who obeyed the tinny GPS voice that instructed them to drive into a lake or through barricades at the entrance of a partially demolished bridge. Our navigational skills may be at risk as we shift to neurologically easier ways to find our way, says cognitive neuroscientist Véronique Bohbot of McGill University in Montreal.

Historically, getting to the right destination required a person to have the lay of the land, a mental map of the terrain. That strategy takes more work than one that’s called a “response strategy,” the type of navigating that starts with an electronic voice command. “You just know the response — turn right, turn left, go straight. That’s all you know,” Bohbot says. “You’re on autopilot.”

Google begets Google

Compared with people who had to rely on memory (blue bars) to answer an initial mix of easy and hard trivia questions, people who used Google to find answers (red bars) were more likely to use Google for a second, easy set of questions. Inconvenience (having to get up from the sofa to walk to a computer or an iPod Touch) didn’t stop the Googling.

essay about smartphones

Source: B.C. Storm, S.M. Stone and A.S. Benjamin/ Memory 2016

A response strategy is easier, but it leaves people with less knowledge. People who walked through a town in Japan with human guides did a better job later navigating the same route than people who had walked with GPS as a companion, researchers have found.

Scientists are looking for signs that video games, which often expose people to lots of response-heavy situations, influence how people get around. In a small study, Bohbot and colleagues found that people who average 18 hours a week playing action video games such as Call of Duty navigated differently than people who don’t play the games . When tested on a virtual maze, players of action video games were more likely to use the simpler response learning strategy to make their way through, Bohbot and colleagues reported in 2015 in Proceedings of the Royal Society B .

That easier type of response navigation depends on the caudate nucleus, a brain area thought to be involved in habit formation and addiction. In contrast, nerve cells in the brain’s hippocampus help create mental maps of the world and assist in the more complex navigation. Some results suggest that people who use the response method have bigger caudate nuclei, and more brain activity there. Conversely, people who use spatial strategies that require a mental map have larger, busier hippocampi.

Those results on video game players are preliminary and show an association within a group that may share potentially confounding similarities. Yet it’s possible that getting into a habit of mental laxity may change the way people navigate. Digital technology isn’t itself to blame, Bohbot says. “It’s not the technology that’s necessarily good or bad for our brain. It’s how we use the technology,” she says. “We have a tendency to use it in the way that seems to be easiest for us. We’re not making the effort.”

Parts of the brain, including those used to navigate, have many jobs. Changing one aspect of brain function with one type of behavior might have implications for other aspects of life. A small study by Bohbot showed that people who navigate by relying on the addiction-related caudate nucleus smoke more cigarettes, drink more alcohol and are more likely to use marijuana than people who rely on the hippocampus. What to make of that association is still very much up in the air.

Sweating the smartphone

Other researchers are trying to tackle questions of how technology affects our psychological outlooks. Rosen and colleagues have turned up clues that digital devices have become a new source of anxiety for people.

Portion of 14- to 18-year-olds who reported always or almost always texting while watching TV

Source: Deloitte 2016 Digital Democracy Survey

In diabolical experiments, Cal State’s Rosen takes college students’ phones away, under the ruse that the devices are interfering with laboratory measurements of stress, such as heart rate and sweating. The phones are left on, but placed out of reach of the students, who are reading a passage. Then, the researchers start texting the students, who are forced to listen to the dings without being able to see the messages or respond. Measurements of anxiety spike, Rosen has found, and reading comprehension dwindles.

Other experiments have found that heavy technology users last about 10 minutes without their phones before showing signs of anxiety.

Fundamentally, an interruption in smartphone access is no different from those in the days before smartphones, when the landline rang as you were walking into the house with bags full of groceries, so you missed the call. Both situations can raise anxiety over a connection missed. But Rosen suspects that our dependence on digital technology causes these situations to occur much more often.

“The technology is magnificent,” he says. “Having said that, I think that this constant bombardment of needing to check in, needing to be connected, this feeling of ‘I can’t be disconnected, I can’t cut the tether for five minutes,’ that’s going to have a long-term effect.”

The question of whether digital technology is good or bad for people is nearly impossible to answer, but a survey of 120,000 British 15-year-olds (99.5 percent reported using technology daily) takes a stab at it. Oxford’s Przybylski and Netta Weinstein at Cardiff University in Wales have turned up hints that moderate use of digital technology — TV, computers, video games and smartphones — correlates with good mental health, measured by questions that asked about happiness, life satisfaction and social activity.

When the researchers plotted technology use against mental well-being, an umbrella-shaped curve emerged, highlighting what the researchers call the “Goldilocks spot” of technology use  — not too little and not too much.

“We found that you’ve got to do a lot of texting before it hurts,” Przybylski says. For smartphone use, the shift from benign to potentially harmful came after about two hours of use on weekdays, mathematical analyses revealed. Weekday recreational computer use had a longer limit: four hours and 17 minutes, the researchers wrote in the February Psychological Science .

Story continues after graphs

British teenagers’ mental well-being, based on a 14-question survey about happiness and life satisfaction, seemed to shift with hours spent using digital media. Scores averaged between 40 and 50. Each type of media had a sweet spot, suggesting that moderate digital technology use may have benefits.

essay about smartphones

Source: A.K. Przybylski and N. Weinstein/ Psychological Science 2017

For even the heaviest users, the relationship between technology use and poorer mental health wasn’t all that strong. For scale, the potential negative effects of all that screen time was less than a third of the size of the positive effects of eating breakfast, Przybylski and Weinstein found.

Even if a relationship is found between technology use and poorer mental health, scientists still wouldn’t know why, Przybylski says. Perhaps the effect comes from displacing something, such as exercise or socializing, and not the technology itself.

We may never know just how our digital toys shape our brains. Technology is constantly changing, and fast. Our brains are responding and adapting to it.

“The human neocortex basically re-creates itself over successive generations,” Krubitzer says. It’s a given that people raised in a digital environment are going to have brains that reflect that environment. “We went from using stones to crack nuts to texting on a daily basis,” she says. “Clearly the brain has changed.”

It’s possible that those changes are a good thing, perhaps better preparing children to succeed in a fast-paced digital world. Or maybe we will come to discover that when we no longer make the effort to memorize our best friend’s phone number, something important is quietly slipping away.

This article appears in the April 1, 2017, issue of Science News with the headline, “Digital minds: Are smartphones changing our brains?”

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Greater Good Science Center • Magazine • In Action • In Education

How Smartphones Are Killing Conversation

What happens when we become too dependent on our mobile phones? According to MIT sociologist Sherry Turkle, author of the new book Reclaiming Conversation , we lose our ability to have deeper, more spontaneous conversations with others, changing the nature of our social interactions in alarming ways.

Turkle has spent the last 20 years studying the impacts of technology on how we behave alone and in groups. Though initially excited by technology’s potential to transform society for the better, she has become increasingly worried about how new technologies, cell phones in particular, are eroding the social fabric of our communities.

In her previous book, the bestselling Alone Together , she articulated her fears that technology was making us feel more and more isolated, even as it promised to make us more connected. Since that book came out in 2012, technology has become even more ubiquitous and entwined with our modern existence. Reclaiming Conversation is Turkle’s call to take a closer look at the social effects of cell phones and to re-sanctify the role of conversation in our everyday lives in order to preserve our capacity for empathy , introspection, creativity, and intimacy.

essay about smartphones

I interviewed Turkle by phone to talk about her book and some of the questions it raises. Here is an edited version of our conversation.

Jill Suttie: Your new book warns that cell phones and other portable communication technology are killing the art of conversation. Why did you want to focus on conversation, specifically?

Sherry Turkle: Because conversation is the most human and humanizing thing that we do. It’s where empathy is born, where intimacy is born—because of eye contact, because we can hear the tones of another person’s voice, sense their body movements, sense their presence. It’s where we learn about other people. But, without meaning to, without having made a plan, we’ve actually moved away from conversation in a way that my research was showing is hurting us.

JS: How are cell phones and other technologies hurting us?

ST: Eighty-nine percent of Americans say that during their last social interaction, they took out a phone, and 82 percent said that it deteriorated the conversation they were in. Basically, we’re doing something that we know is hurting our interactions.

I’ll point to a study. If you put a cell phone into a social interaction, it does two things: First, it decreases the quality of what you talk about, because you talk about things where you wouldn’t mind being interrupted, which makes sense, and, secondly, it decreases the empathic connection that people feel toward each other.

So, even something as simple as going to lunch and putting a cell phone on the table decreases the emotional importance of what people are willing to talk about, and it decreases the connection that the two people feel toward one another. If you multiply that by all of the times you have a cell phone on the table when you have coffee with someone or are at breakfast with your child or are talking with your partner about how you’re feeling, we’re doing this to each other 10, 20, 30 times a day.

JS: So, why are humans so vulnerable to the allure of the cell phone, if it’s actually hurting our interactions?

ST: Cell phones make us promises that are like gifts from a benevolent genie—that we will never have to be alone, that we will never be bored, that we can put our attention wherever we want it to be, and that we can multitask, which is perhaps the most seductive of all. That ability to put your attention wherever you want it to be has become the thing people want most in their social interactions—that feeling that you don’t have to commit yourself 100 percent and you can avoid the terror that there will be a moment in an interaction when you’ll be bored.

Actually allowing yourself a moment of boredom is crucial to human interaction and it’s crucial to your brain as well. When you’re bored, your brain isn’t bored at all—it’s replenishing itself, and it needs that down time.

We’re very susceptible to cell phones, and we even get a neurochemical high from the constant stimulation that our phones give us.

I’ve spent the last 20 years studying how compelling technology is, but you know what? We can still change. We can use our phones in ways that are better for our kids, our families, our work, and ourselves. It’s the wrong analogy to say we’re addicted to our technology. It’s not heroin.

JS: One thing that struck me in your book was that many people who you interviewed talked about the benefits of handling conflict or difficult emotional issues online. They said they could be more careful with their responses and help decrease interpersonal tensions. That seems like a good thing. What’s the problem with that idea?

ST: It was a big surprise when I did the research for my book to learn how many people want to dial down fighting or dealing with difficult emotional issues with a partner or with their children by doing it online.

But let’s take the child example. If you do that with your child, if you only deal with them in this controlled way, you are basically playing into your child’s worst fear—that their truth, their rage, their unedited feelings, are something that you can’t handle. And that’s exactly what a parent shouldn’t be saying to a child. Your child doesn’t need to hear that you can’t take and accept and honor the intensity of their feelings.

People need to share their emotions—I feel very strongly about this. I understand why people avoid conflict, but people who use this method end up with children who think that the things they feel aren’t OK. There’s a variant of this, which is interesting, where parents give their children robots to talk to or want their children to talk to Siri, because somehow that will be a safer place to get out their feelings. Again, that’s exactly what your child doesn’t need.

JS: Some studies seem to show that increased social media use actually increases social interaction offline. I wonder how this squares with your thesis?

ST: How I interpret that data is that if you’re a social person, a socially active person, your use of social media becomes part of your social profile. And I think that’s great. My book is not anti-technology; it’s pro-conversation. So, if you find that your use of social media increases your number of face-to-face conversations, then I’m 100 percent for it.

Another person who might be helped by social media is someone who uses it for taking baby steps toward meeting people for face-to-face conversations. If you’re that kind of person, I’m totally supportive. 

I’m more concerned about people for whom social media becomes a kind of substitute, who literally post something on Facebook and just sit there and watch whether they get 100 likes on their picture, whose self-worth and focus becomes dictated by how they are accepted, wanted, and desired by social media.

And I’m concerned about the many other situations in which you and I are talking at a dinner party with six other people, and everyone is texting at the meal and applying the “three-person rule”—that three people have to have their heads up before anyone feels it’s safe to put their head down to text. In this situation, where everyone is both paying attention and not paying attention, you end up with nobody talking about what’s really on their minds in any serious, significant way, and we end up with trivial conversations, not feeling connected to one another.

JS: You also write about how conversation affects the workplace environment. Aren’t conversations just distractions to getting work done? Why support conversation at work?

More on Technology

Read Jill Suttie's review of Reclaiming Conversation .

How healthy are your online and offline social networks? Take the quiz !

five ways to build caring community on social media .

Take Christine Carter's advice to use technology intentionally and stop checking your freaking phone .

Learn how technology is shaping romance .

ST: In the workplace, you need to create sacred spaces for conversation because, number one, conversation actually increases the bottom line. All the studies show that when people are allowed to talk to each other, they do better—they’re more collaborative, they’re more creative, they get more done.

It’s very important for companies to make space for conversation in the workplace. But if a manager doesn’t model to employees that it’s OK to be off of their email in order to have conversation, nothing is going to get accomplished. I went to one workplace that had cappuccino machines every 10 feet and tables the right size for conversation, where everything was built for conversation. But people were feeling that the most important way to show devotion to the company was answering their email immediately. You can’t have conversation if you have to be constantly on your email. Some of the people I interviewed were terrified to be away from their phones. That translates into bringing your cell phone to breakfast and not having breakfast with your kids.

JS: If technology is so ubiquitous yet problematic, what recommendations do you make for keeping it at a manageable level without getting so hooked?

ST: The path ahead is not a path where we do without technology, but of living in greater harmony with it. Among the first steps I see is to create sacred spaces—the kitchen, the dining room, the car—that are device-free and set aside for conversation. When you have lunch with a friend or colleague or family member, don’t put a phone on the table between you. Make meals a time when you are there to listen and be heard.

When we move in and out of conversations with our friends in the room and all the people we can reach on our phones, we miss out on the kinds of conversations where empathy is born and intimacy thrives. I met a wise college junior who spoke about the “seven-minute rule”: It takes seven minutes to know if a conversation is going to be interesting. And she admitted that she rarely was willing to put in her seven minutes. At the first “lull,” she went to her phone. But it’s when we stumble, hesitate, and have those “lulls” that we reveal ourselves most to each other.

So allow for those human moments, accept that life is not a steady “feed,” and learn to savor the pace of conversation—for empathy, for community, for creativity.

About the Author

Headshot of Jill Suttie

Jill Suttie

Jill Suttie, Psy.D. , is Greater Good ’s former book review editor and now serves as a staff writer and contributing editor for the magazine. She received her doctorate of psychology from the University of San Francisco in 1998 and was a psychologist in private practice before coming to Greater Good .

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Argumentative Essay on Cell Phones in School

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essay about smartphones

The Panic Over Smartphones Doesn’t Help Teens

It may only make things worse.

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Smartphones and social media are melting our children’s brains and making them depressed, or so goes the story we are being told. The headlines are constant; it’s enough to make any parent want to shut off every smart device in their home. Fortunately for my kids, who enjoy a good “cat attacks dog” video on TikTok, I go to work each day and see what adolescents are really up to on their devices. And it turns out that the story behind teen social-media use is much different from what most adults think.

I am a developmental psychologist , and for the past 20 years, I have worked to identify how children develop mental illnesses. Since 2008, I have studied 10-to-15-year-olds using their mobile phones, with the goal of testing how a wide range of their daily experiences, including their digital-technology use, influences their mental health. My colleagues and I have repeatedly failed to find compelling support for the claim that digital-technology use is a major contributor to adolescent depression and other mental-health symptoms.

Many other researchers have found the same . In fact, a recent study and a review of research on social media and depression concluded that social media is one of the least influential factors in predicting adolescents’ mental health. The most influential factors include a family history of mental disorder; early exposure to adversity, such as violence and discrimination; and school- and family-related stressors, among others. At the end of last year, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine released a report concluding, “Available research that links social media to health shows small effects and weak associations, which may be influenced by a combination of good and bad experiences. Contrary to the current cultural narrative that social media is universally harmful to adolescents, the reality is more complicated.”

Read: No one knows exactly what social media is doing to teens

This is why other researchers and I are not buying the stories being told about adolescents and social media. The most recent wave of fear was unleashed by Jonathan Haidt’s The Anxious Generation , an excerpt of which appeared in this magazine . Haidt claims that a “phone-based childhood” in the 2010s rewired our children’s brains and caused an epidemic of mental illness, especially among young girls; he’s written about this theme for years .

Of course, Haidt is not alone in asserting that these apps cause such problems. Social media has been compared to heroin use in terms of its impact and has been blamed for things such as declining test scores and young people having less sex .

These stories possess an intuitive appeal—social media is relatively new and makes for an easy scapegoat. But adolescence has always been a time of concern: It is the peak age for the onset of a number of serious mental disorders, and there are many alarming statistics about adolescents’ mental health right now. Caregivers are frightened, and people are just trying to do the right thing for young people. No one wants their children exploited online, or to be fed misinformation or sexually explicit and violent content. Pointing a finger squarely at smartphones and social media offers people common and unlikable enemies. But we simply do not know that these are the right targets.

The reality is that correlational studies to date have generated a mix of small, conflicting, and often confounded associations between social-media use and adolescents’ mental health. The overwhelming majority of them offer no way to sort out cause and effect . When associations are found, things seem to work in the opposite direction from what we’ve been told: Recent research among adolescents —including among young-adolescent girls , along with a large review of 24 studies that followed people over time—suggests that early mental-health symptoms may predict later social-media use, but not the other way around.

Shockingly few experimental studies have specifically tried to test whether reducing social-media use improves mental health. In contrast with the correlational studies above, experimental studies randomize people’s social-media exposure. If done well, they can directly address cause-and-effect questions. I get excited every time one of these studies comes out, hoping I’ll learn something new about social media’s potential impact. But I have also learned to ask a few basic questions of this research before I start to draw conclusions. They’re worth keeping in mind whenever you see a story reporting on these findings:

  • Does the study include young adolescents? Most of these studies do not. Chris Ferguson, a psychology professor at Stetson University recently analyzed 27 experimental studies on the effects of social media on mental health conducted since 2013; surprisingly, this was all of the experimental work that could be identified to date. The majority were conducted with adults or college students; only two had participants with an average age of 18, and one small study included adolescents with an average age of 16. None included girls ages 10 to 14—a group that has been at the center of recent debates on this topic. If we are going to make causal claims about social media’s effect on adolescent girls’ mental health, then we need well-designed experimental studies that actually include them.
  • Does the study focus on the social-media platforms that young people use today? If not, can we assume that the study’s findings are relevant to the spaces where adolescents spend their time? These studies have tended to observe college students or middle-aged volunteers, many of whom were asked to give up Facebook specifically, and then asked how they felt a few weeks later. (These days, teenagers tend to be on Instagram, Snapchat, TikTok, and YouTube.)
  • What is the outcome that was measured? The conversation right now is about serious mental-health disorders, such as depression and anxiety, as well as suicide. Most studies do not come close to using clinically meaningful measures of these outcomes.

A major problem is that participants are not blind to their condition, and are responding against a backdrop of messaging that social media is bad for them and that taking a break is good. Surprisingly, even given these issues, Ferguson reports that the evidence for causal effects across these experimental studies was statistically no different from zero. In other words, even this research, which was arguably primed to find a maximal link between social media and poor effects on mental health, does not reliably do so.

Listen: The problem with comparing social media to Big Tobacco

These results do not negate the very real fears that people—including the young people that we study —have about social media, nor do they negate the reality that many young people struggle with mental-health problems. Taking a safety-first approach to kids and social media is perfectly reasonable. I certainly believe that Big Tech companies can and should be doing a lot more to design platforms with the needs and best interests of adolescents in mind; I co-authored a report last year saying as much. The surgeon general’s office has also weighed in along these lines. Last May, it released an advisory, “Social Media and Youth Mental Health,” acknowledging that more research is needed in this area, but because “we cannot conclude social media is sufficiently safe for children and adolescents,” we should mitigate risks by requiring tech companies to emphasize health and safety, supporting digital literacy, developing “ Family Media Plans ,” and prioritizing research on social media’s potential impact. These are reasonable interventions designed to help people without causing undue alarm.

But the problem with the extreme position presented in Haidt’s book and in recent headlines—that digital technology use is directly causing a large-scale mental-health crisis in teenagers—is that it can stoke panic and leave us without the tools we need to actually navigate these complex issues. Two things can be true: first, that the online spaces where young people spend so much time require massive reform, and second, that social media is not rewiring our children’s brains or causing an epidemic of mental illness. Focusing solely on social media may mean that the real causes of mental disorder and distress among our children go unaddressed.

Offline risk —at the community, family, and child levels—continues to be the best predictor of whether children are exposed to negative content and experiences online. Children growing up in families with the fewest resources offline are also less likely to be actively supported by adults as they learn to navigate the online world. If we react to these problems based on fear alone, rather than considering what adolescents actually need, we may only widen this opportunity gap.

We should not send the message to families—and to teens—that social-media use, which is common among adolescents and helpful in many cases, is inherently damaging, shameful, and harmful . It’s not. What my fellow researchers and I see when we connect with adolescents is young people going online to do regular adolescent stuff. They connect with peers from their offline life, consume music and media, and play games with friends. Spending time on YouTube remains the most frequent online activity for U.S. adolescents. Adolescents also go online to seek information about health , and this is especially true if they also report experiencing psychological distress themselves or encounter barriers to finding help offline. Many adolescents report finding spaces of refuge online, especially when they have marginalized identities or lack support in their family and school. Adolescents also report wanting, but often not being able to access, online mental-health services and supports.

All adolescents will eventually need to know how to safely navigate online spaces, so shutting off or restricting access to smartphones and social media is unlikely to work in the long term. In many instances, doing so could backfire: Teens will find creative ways to access these or even more unregulated spaces, and we should not give them additional reasons to feel alienated from the adults in their lives.

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