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PLAZA: A Logistics Park Case Study

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Project: Logistics Park -Alliance TX

Description:.

The Alliance Global Logistics Hub is a multi-modal logistics parks that combines rail, trucking, and air freight facilities and is part of a 17,000 acre mixed-use, master planned development in the far northwest suburbs of the Dallas-Fort Worth area.

Characteristics and Setting:

Project Type: Freight Terminal Project Mode: Highway Average Annual Daily Traffic: 15,700 Length (mi): 6.90

Project Flags: Intermodal Economic Distress: 1.01 Population Density (ppl/sq mi): 1287 Population Growth Rate (%): 2.91

Employment Growth Rate (%): 2.30 Market Size: 1,355,775 Airport Travel Distance: 20 Topography: 5

Region: Southwest State: TX County: County

City: Fort Worth Urban/Class Level: Metro Local Area: N/A

Impact Area: County Transportation System: N/A GIS Lat/Long: 32.996206 / -97.347111

Initial Study Date: N/A Post Constr. Study Date: 2000

Constr. Start Date: 1991 Constr. End Date: 1994

Months Duration: N/A

Project Year of Expenditure (YOE): N/A Planned Cost (YOE $): N/A

Actual Cost (YOE $): 121,800,000 Actual Cost (curr $): 192,539,687

Intermodal Characteristics

Intermodal Actual Cost (YOE $): 115,000,000 Intermodal Actual Cost (curr $): 181,790,345

Highway Road Access Improvement Cost (YOE $): 6,800,000 Highway Road Access Improvement Cost (curr $): 10,749,342

Freight Terminal

All Cargo Volume (Metric Tons): N/A Container Volume (Metric Tons): 461,000 Container Volume (TEU's): N/A

Pre/Post Conditions:

NOTE: All pre/post dollar values are in 2013$

Select a region to display the conditions for that region:

County Impacts for: County

NOTE: All impact dollar values are in 2013$

Case Location:

Narrative Title

1.0 Synopsis

The Alliance Global Logistics Hub in Fort Worth, TX, completed in 1994 at a cost of $115 million, is one of the most successful multi-modal logistics parks in the United States, combining rail, trucking, and air freight facilities in close proximity. The Logistics Hub is part of the 17,000 acre Alliance mixed-use, master planned development in the far northwest suburbs of the Dallas-Fort Worth area. The construction of SH-170, at a cost of $6.8 million not only improved access for the high volume of commercial traffic to the Logistics Hub. It also provided development sites that attracted related shipping, logistics, communications, and technology operations to the area. Between 1992 and 2000, private investors developed 8 million square feet of commercial space, bringing 8,500 new jobs to the area. The Alliance Global Logistics Hub has sparked the growth of a new sub-region of the northwest DFW Metroplex.

2.0 Background

2.1 Location & Transportation Connections

The Alliance Global Logistics Hub straddles Tarrant and Denton counties on the northwestern corner of the Dallas-Ft. Worth metropolitan area and has direct access to I-35W. Dallas-Ft. Worth is a major hub within the national Interstate network. Motor carriers using Alliance can connect with I-35 (with access to the Mexican border to the south and Minneapolis to the north), I-45 (to Houston), and I-30 (to Memphis). South of Alliance, I-20 links Ft. Worth with the U.S. Southwest and West Coast (via El Paso) and the Southeast (via Atlanta).

Within the Alliance complex, the 6.9 mile SH-170 connects I-35W with SH-114, a direct route to DFW Airport, 20 miles to the east, with passenger air service.. Distribution facilities location along SH-170 can reach Alliance Airport and the BNSF Intermodal Facility on limited access roadways free of traffic lights and stop signs within 15-20 minutes.

Alliance Airport is exclusively a freight and general aviation airport. The airport includes a 13,000 foot runway, allowing fully-loaded cargo planes to reach Asia. FedEx's Southwest Regional Sort Hub operates from Alliance. The BNSF railroad focuses on the central and western parts of the United States. Direct train routes from the Ports of Los Angeles-Long Beach and the Port of Oakland allow containers shipped from Asia to be transferred to trucks and stored at warehouses located at the Alliance Global Logistics Hub. From Alliance, merchandise is distributed by truck to the fast-growing Texas and U.S. South Central markets via the Interstate system, primarily to destinations within 500 miles of the facility. Outbound deliveries are distributed by direct rail routes to the Southeast (Atlanta; rail service via CSX through Birmingham) and Midwest (Kansas City, St. Louis, and Chicago).

Since Alliance Airport's opening in 1989 and the BNSF rail intermodal expansion in1994, the Alliance Global Logistics Hub has helped set the stage for a major expansion of jobs and population into the northern part of Tarrant County and into Denton County. Direct access to I-35W, including developable land around SH-170, and the BNSF rail network made the growth achievable and has allowed the Alliance Global Logistics Hub to act as a catalyst for logistics, commercial, and residential development in the region.

2.2 Community Character & Project Context

The area around the Alliance Global Logistics Hub is a growth node for the quickly expanding Dallas-Fort Worth metropolitan area. When it was built on a greenfield site in the late 1980s and early 1990s, the areas in the vicinity of the Alliance Global Logistics Hub were well to the north of the urbanized sections of Fort Worth and surrounded by prairie and ranch lands dotted with oil rigs. With the growth of the Alliance project, the area has become low-density suburban in character, with new residential and commercial development generated by the Logistics Hub located along SH-170 (aka Alliance Gateway Freeway).

3.0 Project Description & Motives

The airport was the first major piece of infrastructure at the Alliance Global Logistics Hub. As Hillwood began to market to a variety of companies (wireless, automotive, aviation), the Alliance project began to evolve and grow. The first big announcement was a surprise because it did not involve aviation. The ATSF Railway (later to become the BNSF in 1995 through merger) decided to construct an automotive off-loading facility at Alliance completed in 1990. More significantly, the ATSF selected Alliance for a new rail intermodal facility to replace an older ATSF intermodal yard in Dallas that had been acquired by Dallas Area Rapid Transit (DART) for conversion into a maintenance facility for DART's new light rail trains. The ATSF wanted to relocate the intermodal facility to the western part of the Metroplex because one of its high capacity main lines was already in the area. The ATSF intermodal facility was completed in 1994 at a cost of $115 million ($1994) to build and immediately experienced fast growth.

The building of a high capacity roadway network within Alliance to provide access between building sites, the airport, the BNSF Intermodal Facility and I-35W was and continues to be integral to the success of the Alliance Global Logistics Hub. Alliance's road network was designed to operate without traffic lights, allowing a faster and more efficient flow of trucks. SH-170 serves a crucial role by linking large developable sites with the intermodal facilities and I-35W. Hillwood Properties sited the industrial park for shippers and logistics companies on the Eastern side of SH-170, about 7 miles away from the rail intermodal facility and 5 miles from the airport, rather than sites immediately adjacent to the freight transportation facilities.

By pushing development to SH-170, the company prevents the overloading of the land next to the airport and rail intermodal site, reducing congestion and allowing for more balanced pattern of development at Alliance in the longer term. The six-lane road capacity on SH-170 is much greater than the two-lane roadways closer to the BNSF Intermodal Facility and can better accommodate a concentrated grouping of intensive truck users.

The construction of SH-170 along a 6.9 mile corridor of the Alliance complex was the result of a public-private partnership between Hillwood Properties and several public agencies. To expedite the building of the highway, Hillwood donated 430 acres of right-of-way for the highway which it had acquired back in the 1980s. The company funded a complete set of environmental studies, schematics, and design plans for the new highway.

The construction of SH-170 was fast-paced, only taking two years, and done under the supervision of TxDOT. To keep the highway project moving forward, the Perots had hired a dedicated project manager. The highway was opened in mid-1992, two years before the completion of the BNSF Intermodal Facility. The unique public-private partnership is believed by Hillwood to have shaved two years off the highway construction schedule. With the right-of-way cost zero, TxDOT built three lanes of frontage road in each direction (6.9 miles east and west) at a cost of $6.8 million to form SH-170. Today (2010), a freeway (8-lane) between the frontage roads is being planned to handle the traffic growth that the two original frontage roads that today comprise SH-170 are becoming less able to accommodate.

4.0 Project Impacts

4.1 Transportation Impacts

In 1994, the year the BNSF intermodal facility began operations and two years after SH-170 first opened to traffic, SH-170 handled 4,100 vehicles per day. In the same year, a nearby segment of I-35W handled 22,000 vehicles daily. By 2000, traffic on SH-170 had grown to 15,700 vehicles per day, nearly a four-fold increase in only six years. During the same period, the traffic on I-35W grew to 38,000 vehicles per day, an increase of 73 percent.

The growth in traffic at the Alliance Global Logistics Hub's freight facilities between 1994 and 2000 reflect the growth of businesses in the park. This contributed to increases in local traffic on both SH-170 and I-35W. Annual intermodal lifts increased from 120,000 in 1994 to over 400,000 in 2000 at the BNSF Intermodal Facility. This took 400,000 long distance truck trips off interstate highways. By 2000, the Alliance Airport was processing 461,000 metric tons of air cargo per year, placing it among the top 25 airports in the United States.

4.2 Demographic, Economic & Land Use Impacts

Denton and Tarrant counties comprise one of the fastest-growing urban areas in the United States. The expansion of these two counties has largely taken place within the automobile age. During much of this period, growth was focused towards the eastern part of Tarrant County as Fort Worth and its suburbs (Arlington, Hurst, Bedford, and Euless) grew towards Dallas. The opening of DFW International Airport in 1974 pushed more growth towards the northeastern parts of Tarrant County. The building of the Alliance Global Logistics Hub in the 1980s and 1990s has helped shift a portion of this growth farther to the west and into Denton County. Indeed, since its completion in 1992, traffic numbers on SH-170 are a testament to the continued fast growth of the Alliance Global Logistics Hub and of the development of the northern and western parts of Tarrant County, in particular.

The Alliance Global Logistics Hub, since its initial opening in 1989 followed by the opening of SH-170 in 1992 and the BNSF Intermodal Facility in 1994, has invigorated Fort Worth, lifting it from the 1980s oil bust. It has served as a major economic generator, shifting a portion of Dallas-Fort Worth's commercial and residential growth towards the northwest. Between the completion of the intermodal facility in 1994 and 2000, Tarrant County and Denton County grew by 15 percent and 36 percent, respectively, compared to 13 percent for the entire State of Texas, adding a total of nearly 300,000 people.

The Texas Motor Speedway opened in 1996 just over the Denton County line on I-35W and now the second largest sporting venue in the United States, has created an additional activity center in the proximate area. As commerce and population settlement has spread, the Alliance Global Logistics Hub is no longer on the frontier and now helps to define the northwest extent of the most heavily developed portions of the Dallas-Ft. Worth metropolitan area.

The completion of SH-170 provided the opportunity to develop almost 2,300 acres of ranch and prairie land. With an infrastructure that provides direct access to rail, air, and Interstates, companies have recognized the benefits of an Alliance Global Logistics Hub location to improve the speed and efficiency of their operations and better serve their customers. The opening of SH-170 and the industrial park near the junction of Route 377 triggered a boom that brought 8,500 total jobs (logistics, manufacturing, and distribution facilities serving specific communications, technology, and retail companies) and 8 million square feet of new space proximate to the highway corridor between 1992 and 2000.

The entire 17,000 acre Alliance project, after a slow start due to the national 1989-1992 recession, had grown to 20,500 jobs by 1999,. 8500 of these jobs are directly related to the intermodal portion of the project and 12,000 in office, service, and retail sectors. Reflective of this surge in development, total direct property taxes paid to local jurisdictions by Alliance increased from $7 million in 1994 to $46 million in 2000. Hillwood considers the construction SH-170 as the lynchpin to unlocking the development potential of the Alliance Global Logistics Hub. Companies, including General Motors, Ryder Transportation, Dell, and UPS Logistics, among others have located facilities along SH-170 to capitalize on the efficiencies brought by the advanced multimodal facilities and the ease of access to the U.S. South Central and Southeastern markets.

5.0 Non-Transportation Factors

The Alliance project is now 20 years old and represents one of the largest real estate development projects in the country. It is unlikely to have happened on this scale without the leadership and vision of the Perot-owned Hillwood Development Company, who had speculatively acquired property in the area, worked with state. Local, and federal authorities to site Alliance Airport here, donated the right-of-way, and paid for the planning studies for I-170, which has been the locus for most of the related warehousing and logistics development that the airport and the BNSF intermodal yard has spawned.

The project has benefitted by its location within one of the fastest growing metropolitan areas and regions in the country. Project timing coincided with a fast rise in international trade, particularly with Asia. Additionally, the entire Alliance Global Logistics Hub is within a designated Foreign-Trade Zone (FTZ). The FTZ offers companies cost savings by allowing merchandise to be held in inventory without paying Customs duties and eliminating state and local ad valorem taxes. Being within an FTZ is a key factor in companies' decisions to locate at the Alliance Global Logistics Hub.

It should be emphasized that Alliance's success would be difficult to replicate. As a very large, master planned project, with land owned by a single entity, Alliance Texas has had a large degree of control over development. It has worked to preserve the integrity of its transportation assets and to keep transportation, warehousing, and residential land uses separate. This reduces the risk to investors by mitigating encroachment issues and has quelled community resistance to expansion.

6.0 Resources

6.1 Citations

6.2 Interviews

Organization

Footnotes (optional)

Attachments:

S 2024 M 2023 S 2023 M 2022 S 2022 M 2021 S 2021 M 2020 S 2020 M 2019 S 2019 M 2018 S 2018 M 2017 S 2017 M 2016

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• Detailed Feasibility Study of Logistic Park

Patil Kavita Vishwanath

The Transportation Detailed Feasibility Project Studio aims to provide an understanding of the preparation of a detailed market and traffic feasibility assessment report for urban logistics infrastructure proposals. In the case study city/region, data is collected on cargo demand, transportation supply characteristics, demand-supply gap, and existing infrastructure. Interventions that are sensitive to the primary stakeholders have been identified, and scenarios to address the concerns have been devised. 

Studio Brief

Ahmedabad industrial profile and logistic facilities. Introduction of Naroda GIDC.

Data collection and its objective

Issues and Strategies

Quantum estimation and scenario development

Model Shift Assessment

Rail Area Estimation

Financial Analysis

Economic Analysis and conclusion

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Location Modeling for Logistics Parks

• First Online: 01 January 2015

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• Joyendu Bhadury 6 ,
• Mark L. Burkey 7 &
• Samuel P Troy 6  

Part of the book series: International Series in Operations Research & Management Science ((ISOR,volume 232))

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This case study highlights issues that are faced by location theorists in solving real-world problems by drawing upon a project involving the location of a Logistics Park in the Southeastern region of North Carolina, USA. First, the location modelling is presented using standard analytical methodology from location theory. Thereafter, a structured framework, referred to by its acronym SIRC, is introduced, which can be used for real-life location modeling problems. The implementation of SIRC is then illustrated through a description of the actual process used during the implementation of the project. Finally, the case study closes with its most important section, namely, lessons learned from the project that can guide future academic research in location theory in incorporating real life factors into location modeling.

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Acknowledgment

This work draws, in part, upon the experiences of the first and the third author in the implementation of the Seven Portals Study project. That project was supported by NCDOT , which is gratefully acknowledged.

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Bhadury, J., Burkey, M., Troy, S. (2015). Location Modeling for Logistics Parks. In: Eiselt, H., Marianov, V. (eds) Applications of Location Analysis. International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, vol 232. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20282-2_3

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Port logistic park - a case study

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A CRITICAL ASSESSMENT OF LAND USE PATTERNS OF MULTI - MODAL LOGISTICS PARKS IN CONTEXT OF AN EMERGING ECONOMY: CASE STUDY OF INDIA

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Logistics plays a pivotal role in a country’s economic development. Recent policy initiatives in India, such as PM Gati Shakti National Master Plan (NMP), the National Logistics Policy, State Logistics Policies, and Bharatmala Pariyojana, signify the country's proactive measures to enhance its logistics and transportation infrastructure. There has been growing emphasis on development of Multi-Modal Logistics Parks (MMLPs) in India as these are expected to play a pivotal role in facilitating intermodal transfer and providing value-added logistics services for both domestic and EXIM cargo in the country Keeping in view their growing importance in the country’s policy landscape the planning of MMLPs assume critical significance. This paper critically analyses the activity mix/land use patterns of eleven selected existing and proposed MMLPs in India and evaluates their land use disposition with the national level policy guidelines. Overall, the paper offers valuable insights for policymakers, researchers, and stakeholders in planning and development of multi modal logistics facilities like multi -modal logistics parks

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Examining the response to covid-19 in logistics and supply chain processes: insights from a state-of-the-art literature review and case study analysis.

1. Introduction

• RQ1 (scientific): How have researchers studied the impact of COVID-19 on logistics and supply chain processes? Which industrial sectors were mostly studied and why? Which additional topics can be related to COVID-19 and logistics/supply chain?
• RQ2 (practical): What effects of COVID-19 on logistics and supply chain processes were experienced by companies?

2. Materials and Methods

2.1. systematic literature review, 2.1.1. sample creation, 2.1.2. descriptive analyses, 2.1.3. paper classification.

• Macro theme: sustainability, resilience, risk, information technology, economics, performance, planning and food security. This classification represents paper’s core topic.
• Industrial sector: aerospace, agri-food, apparel, automotive, construction, e-commerce, electronic, energy, fast-moving consumer goods, food, healthcare, logistics, manufacturing and service.
• Data collection method: questionnaire/interview, third-party sources or case study. This classification represents the method used by the authors to collect the data useful to their study.
• Research method: statistical, decision-making, simulation, empirical, literature review or economic. This category describes the tool used by the authors to conduct the study and reach the related goals.
• Specific method, e.g., descriptive statistics, structural equation modeling (SEM), multi-criteria decision making (MCDM), etc.; this feature describes more accurately the type of work carried out by the authors and the tools used.
• Country: it reflects the geographical area in which the study was carried out, in terms, for instance, of the country in which a sample of people has been interviewed or where empirical data were collected, or where the simulation was set. This method of classification, although more elaborated, was preferred over traditional approaches, in which the country of the study is defined based merely on the affiliation of the first author of the paper, because the exact knowledge of the country in which the study was carried out is, for sure, a more representative source of information about the research. This is true in general, but it is even more important for this subject matter, as the management of the COVID-19 pandemic was made on a country or regional basis, with significant differences from country to country; knowing the exact location of the study helps in better interpreting the research outcomes. Possible entries in this field also include “multiple countries” and “not specified”, with the obvious meanings of the terms.

2.1.4. Cross-Analyses

2.1.5. interrelated aspects, 2.2. case study, 2.2.1. data collection.

• Economic data: some key economic data were retrieved from the company’s balance sheet, from 2019 up to the latest available document, which refers to 2022.
• Organizational data: these data describe changes in the operational, decision-making and business structure of the company in terms, e.g., of number of employees hired, number of drivers, etc.
• The related data were collected and elaborated between July and September 2023.

2.2.2. Survey Phase

2.2.3. analysis and summary, 3. results—systematic literature review, 3.1. descriptive statistics, 3.2. common classification fields, 3.2.1. macro theme, 3.2.2. industrial sector, 3.2.3. data collection method, 3.2.4. research method, 3.2.5. country, 3.3. cross-analyses, 3.3.1. macro theme vs. industrial sector, 3.3.2. research method vs. macro theme, 3.4. interrelated aspects, 4. results—case study, 4.1. company overview, 4.2. pre-covid-19 period, 4.3. covid-19 period, 4.4. post-covid-19 period, 4.5. analysis and summary.

• Strengths : at present, Company A benefits from a robust network of relationships with customers and suppliers (e.g., drivers), which was leveraged during the pandemic period to provide a rapid response to the increased request by the consumers. The company has also leveraged the usage of digital technologies, which made logistics activities more efficient and, again, allowed the company to respond to consumer demand in the pandemic period.
• Weaknesses : Company A has suffered from low economic results, in particular in the post-COVID-19 period, mainly due to the high production costs. Efforts must be made by the company to reduce expenses. At the same time, however, the service level, in terms of delivery lead time or on-time delivery, should be safeguarded.
• Opportunities : the growth of e-commerce, experienced in the COVID-19 period but expected to last over time, creates opportunities for increasing the volume of items handled by Company A. Indeed, the survey phase demonstrated that the company’s consumers have shifted towards the usage of online sales; hence, the company could consider investing in this area to increase its market share. By leveraging the e-commerce logistics and diversifying service, expansions could also be possible at an international level. Even if the company has already embraced the implementation of digital technologies, some emerging technologies (e.g., drones or advanced traceability systems) could also be introduced for further improving the logistics efficiency. Finally, sustainability is another opportunity to be leveraged, because of the current push towards the adoption of environmental-friendly logistics solutions. Examples of those solutions include a reduction in CO 2 emissions, and the usage of electric vehicles or zero-impact materials.
• Threats : the growth of e-commerce can be seen as an opportunity, but because many logistics companies have already entered this field, the sector is characterized by very high competition, which could limit the market share of Company A; this could instead be seen as a threat needing to be properly managed. Another threat comes from the increased cost of fuel, which, for sure, for a logistics company plays an important role in determining the cost of the transport activities (also, having previously observed that the company suffered from a limited revenue in recent years). This factor could further push towards the adoption of environmentally friendly transport modes (e.g., electric vehicles), which have been previously mentioned as an opportunity for leveraging in the logistics sector.

5. Conclusions

5.1. answer to the research questions, 5.2. scientific and practical implications, 5.3. suggestions for future research directions, author contributions, institutional review board statement, informed consent statement, data availability statement, conflicts of interest.

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Monferdini, L.; Bottani, E. Examining the Response to COVID-19 in Logistics and Supply Chain Processes: Insights from a State-of-the-Art Literature Review and Case Study Analysis. Appl. Sci. 2024 , 14 , 5317. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14125317

Monferdini L, Bottani E. Examining the Response to COVID-19 in Logistics and Supply Chain Processes: Insights from a State-of-the-Art Literature Review and Case Study Analysis. Applied Sciences . 2024; 14(12):5317. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14125317

Monferdini, Laura, and Eleonora Bottani. 2024. "Examining the Response to COVID-19 in Logistics and Supply Chain Processes: Insights from a State-of-the-Art Literature Review and Case Study Analysis" Applied Sciences 14, no. 12: 5317. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14125317

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Suburbanization Problems in the USSR : the Case of Moscow

• Référence bibliographique

Gornostayeva Galina A. Suburbanization Problems in the USSR : the Case of Moscow . In: Espace, populations, sociétés , 1991-2. Les franges périurbaines Peri-urban fringes. pp. 349-357.

DOI : https://doi.org/10.3406/espos.1991.1474

www.persee.fr/doc/espos_0755-7809_1991_num_9_2_1474

• RIS (ProCite, Endnote, ...)

Galina A. GORNOSTAYEVA

Moscow University

Suburbanization Problems

in the USSR :

the Case of Moscow

Suburbanization processes typical to cities in Western Europe, the USA and other countries are not observed in the USSR or they are distorted to such an extent that they may not be compared with existing standards. This states the question how Soviet cities-succeeded in escaping this stage of urban development. In order to answer this question, we should first summarize the main aspects of Western suburbanization.

Firstly, it is well known that the urbanization processes are linked to structural changes in the economy. Thus the transition from the stage of concentration to this of suburbanization is associated with industrialization, and the transition to the third stage - déconcentration - is related with the rapid growth of employment in the non-industrial sphere. Secondly, a suburbanization of economic activities can be distinguished. It applies in the first place to the building and iron- working industry, transports, engineering and chemical works. These are polluting and requiring extensive areas. This suburbanization of industry is caused by the following factors: rising demand for land from firms ; worsening of transport

tions in the inner cities ; demand for lower land costs and taxation levels in suburbs ; rapid growth of road transports; state policies regulating the growth of large cities ; migration of the labour force to the suburban zones. Scientific and educational activities are also transferred from the centre to the suburbs.

The third important aspect of suburbanization applies to the population. In the suburbs two opposite flows of population meet ; one is centripetal, coming from non- metropolitan regions, the other is centrifugal, coming from the central city. The reasons for the migration to the suburbs are as follows : declining living standards in large cities (overcrowding, slow housing renewal, environmental problems, etc.); growth of motorization of the population, development of communications (telephone, telex, fax, computer) ; intensifying decentralization of working places ; lower land prices in the suburbs ; state support for the intensification of real estate development in the suburbs. The above-mentioned factors and reasons for suburbanization are altered in the Soviet cities. Let us explore them, by taking for example the largest one - Moscow.

Supply Chain Management

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34 Facts About Balashikha

Written by Rea Cartwright

Modified & Updated: 01 Jun 2024

Reviewed by Jessica Corbett

Balashikha, a vibrant city situated in the Moscow Oblast of Russia, is a captivating blend of rich history, cultural heritage, and modern developments. As you delve into the heart of Balashikha, you'll discover a myriad of fascinating facts that unveil the essence and allure of this dynamic locale. From its intriguing historical landmarks to its flourishing arts and cultural scene, Balashikha beckons visitors to explore its multifaceted identity.

In this article, we'll embark on a journey to unravel 34 captivating facts about Balashikha, offering a comprehensive glimpse into its past, present, and future. Whether you're a history enthusiast, an avid traveler , or simply curious about this enchanting city, these facts will provide an enriching insight into the unique tapestry of Balashikha. Let's venture into the realm of Balashikha and uncover the wonders that await within its embrace .

Key Takeaways:

• Balashikha, a city in Russia, has over 215,000 residents and offers a vibrant cultural scene with museums, theaters, and traditional festivals. It’s a blend of tradition and modernity, making it a captivating destination for exploration and discovery.
• Nestled on the banks of the picturesque Pekhorka River, Balashikha embraces its natural surroundings, providing tranquil retreats like the Balashikha Forest Park and the Botanical Garden. The city’s diverse cultural tapestry invites visitors to savor unique flavors and traditions.

Balashikha is a city in Russia.

Located in the Moscow Oblast, Balashikha is a prominent city in the Moscow metropolitan area, known for its rich history and cultural significance.

The city has a population of over 215,000 people.

Balashikha is home to a diverse community, with a population of over 215,000 residents contributing to the city's vibrant atmosphere.

Balashikha is situated on the Pekhorka River.

The picturesque Pekhorka River flows through the city, adding to the natural beauty and charm of Balashikha.

The city experiences a humid continental climate.

Balashikha's climate is characterized by distinct seasonal changes, with warm summers and cold winters shaping the local environment.

Balashikha is known for its cultural landmarks.

The city boasts a rich cultural heritage, with numerous landmarks and attractions that reflect its historical and artistic significance.

The Balashikha Museum of History and Art is a popular cultural institution.

This renowned museum showcases the city's history and artistic achievements, offering visitors a captivating journey through Balashikha's past and present.

The city has a strong industrial presence.

Balashikha is home to various industries, contributing to the economic vitality and development of the region.

Balashikha is in close proximity to Moscow.

The city's strategic location near the Russian capital provides residents with convenient access to the cultural and economic opportunities offered by Moscow.

The Balashikha Arena is a prominent sports and entertainment venue.

This modern arena hosts a wide range of events, including sports competitions, concerts, and cultural performances, enriching the city's entertainment scene.

Balashikha has a rich tradition of folk music and dance.

The city's cultural heritage is celebrated through vibrant folk music and traditional dance performances , showcasing the local artistic talent.

The Balashikha Forest Park offers a tranquil natural retreat.

Residents and visitors can enjoy the serene beauty of the Balashikha Forest Park, a peaceful escape from the urban bustle.

The city's economy is diverse and dynamic.

Balashikha's economic landscape encompasses various sectors, fostering growth and innovation within the local business community.

Balashikha has a network of educational institutions.

The city is committed to providing quality education, with a network of schools and colleges catering to the academic needs of its residents.

The Balashikha Central Market is a bustling hub of commerce.

This vibrant market showcases local produce, crafts, and goods, serving as a focal point for economic activity and community interaction.

Balashikha is known for its traditional cuisine.

The city's culinary traditions reflect a blend of flavors and recipes unique to Balashikha, offering a delightful culinary experience for food enthusiasts.

The Balashikha Drama Theater is a cultural gem.

The theater enriches the city's cultural scene with captivating performances, showcasing the talent and creativity of local and international artists.

Balashikha has a strong sense of community spirit.

The city's residents are known for their warm hospitality and strong community bonds, creating a welcoming and inclusive environment.

The Balashikha Music School nurtures young talent.

Aspiring musicians receive quality training at the music school, contributing to the city's vibrant music culture and artistic legacy .

Balashikha celebrates traditional festivals and events.

The city's calendar is filled with colorful festivals and events that highlight its cultural diversity and heritage, attracting visitors from near and far.

The Balashikha History and Architecture Museum preserves the city's legacy.

This esteemed museum showcases the architectural heritage and historical legacy of Balashikha, offering valuable insights into the city's evolution over time.

Balashikha is a hub for creative arts and crafts.

Artisans and crafters contribute to the city's creative tapestry, producing unique works of art that reflect Balashikha's artistic identity.

The city has a strong tradition of winter sports.

Balashikha's winter sports enthusiasts enjoy a range of activities, from ice skating to skiing, embracing the winter season with enthusiasm and energy.

Balashikha's architectural landmarks are a testament to its history.

The city's architectural marvels stand as a testament to its rich history, with iconic buildings and structures shaping its urban landscape.

The Balashikha Youth Theater fosters young talent.

Aspiring actors and performers find a platform for artistic expression at the youth theater, contributing to the city's vibrant cultural scene.

Balashikha's public parks offer recreational spaces for residents.

The city's well-maintained parks provide residents with inviting spaces for leisure, relaxation, and outdoor activities.

The Balashikha Philharmonic Society promotes musical excellence.

Musical enthusiasts can indulge in captivating performances at the philharmonic society, where talented musicians showcase their artistry.

Balashikha's local businesses contribute to its economic vitality.

The entrepreneurial spirit thrives in Balashikha, with local businesses playing a significant role in driving the city's economic growth and prosperity.

The Balashikha City History Museum chronicles the city's past.

Visitors can explore the city's historical narrative at the history museum, delving into the events and milestones that have shaped Balashikha's identity.

Balashikha's cultural diversity is reflected in its cuisine.

The city's culinary landscape mirrors its cultural diversity, offering a delightful array of flavors and culinary traditions for residents and visitors to savor.

The Balashikha Puppet Theater captivates audiences of all ages.

Young and old alike are enchanted by the puppet theater's enchanting performances, adding a touch of magic to the city's cultural offerings.

Balashikha's natural surroundings inspire artistic expression.

Artists and creatives draw inspiration from the city's natural beauty, infusing their works with the essence of Balashikha's scenic landscapes.

The Balashikha City Library is a treasure trove of knowledge.

Enthusiastic readers and scholars find a wealth of literary resources at the city library, fostering a love for learning and intellectual exploration .

Balashikha's vibrant street markets showcase local craftsmanship.

The city's street markets buzz with activity, offering an eclectic mix of handmade crafts and artisanal products that reflect Balashikha's creative spirit.

The Balashikha Botanical Garden is a haven of tranquility.

Nature enthusiasts can immerse themselves in the beauty of the botanical garden, where diverse plant species create a serene and enchanting environment.

Balashikha, a city brimming with cultural vibrancy and historical significance, offers a tapestry of experiences for residents and visitors alike. From its rich artistic heritage to its thriving economic landscape, Balashikha embodies a harmonious blend of tradition and modernity. With a population of over 215,000 people, the city exudes a strong sense of community spirit, fostering warm hospitality and inclusive camaraderie. Nestled on the banks of the picturesque Pekhorka River, Balashikha embraces its natural surroundings, providing tranquil retreats such as the Balashikha Forest Park and the Botanical Garden. The city's cultural scene thrives with institutions like the Balashikha Museum of History and Art, the Drama Theater, and the Philharmonic Society, showcasing the talent and creativity of local artists. Balashikha's culinary delights, traditional festivals, and vibrant street markets reflect its diverse cultural tapestry, inviting visitors to savor the flavors and traditions unique to the city. As a hub for education, creativity, and economic dynamism, Balashikha continues to evolve while preserving its architectural landmarks and historical legacy, making it a captivating destination for exploration and discovery.

In conclusion, Balashikha is a city of rich history, vibrant culture, and breathtaking natural beauty. From its fascinating historical landmarks to its modern amenities, Balashikha offers a diverse range of experiences for visitors and residents alike. Whether you're exploring the city's architectural marvels, indulging in its culinary delights, or immersing yourself in its artistic heritage, Balashikha has something to captivate every soul. With its strategic location near Moscow and an array of recreational opportunities, Balashikha stands as a testament to the harmonious blend of tradition and progress. This city is a hidden gem waiting to be discovered, and its allure is bound to leave an indelible mark on anyone who has the pleasure of experiencing it.

What are some must-visit attractions in Balashikha? Balashikha boasts several must-visit attractions, including the iconic Balashikha Arena, the serene Pechorka Park, and the historic Church of the Resurrection.

What are the best times of the year to visit Balashikha? The best times to visit Balashikha are during the spring and summer months when the weather is pleasant, and outdoor activities and festivals are in full swing.

Balashikha's fascinating history, vibrant culture, and modern developments make it a city worth exploring. Uncover more intriguing facts about other cities in the Moscow Oblast, such as the captivating Kolomna . Dive into the unique stories of Russian cities like Orenburg, each offering its own distinctive charm and character.

The Unique Burial of a Child of Early Scythian Time at the Cemetery of Saryg-Bulun (Tuva)

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Pages:  379-406

In 1988, the Tuvan Archaeological Expedition (led by M. E. Kilunovskaya and V. A. Semenov) discovered a unique burial of the early Iron Age at Saryg-Bulun in Central Tuva. There are two burial mounds of the Aldy-Bel culture dated by 7th century BC. Within the barrows, which adjoined one another, forming a figure-of-eight, there were discovered 7 burials, from which a representative collection of artifacts was recovered. Burial 5 was the most unique, it was found in a coffin made of a larch trunk, with a tightly closed lid. Due to the preservative properties of larch and lack of air access, the coffin contained a well-preserved mummy of a child with an accompanying set of grave goods. The interred individual retained the skin on his face and had a leather headdress painted with red pigment and a coat, sewn from jerboa fur. The coat was belted with a leather belt with bronze ornaments and buckles. Besides that, a leather quiver with arrows with the shafts decorated with painted ornaments, fully preserved battle pick and a bow were buried in the coffin. Unexpectedly, the full-genomic analysis, showed that the individual was female. This fact opens a new aspect in the study of the social history of the Scythian society and perhaps brings us back to the myth of the Amazons, discussed by Herodotus. Of course, this discovery is unique in its preservation for the Scythian culture of Tuva and requires careful study and conservation.

Keywords: Tuva, Early Iron Age, early Scythian period, Aldy-Bel culture, barrow, burial in the coffin, mummy, full genome sequencing, aDNA

Information about authors: Marina Kilunovskaya (Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation). Candidate of Historical Sciences. Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Dvortsovaya Emb., 18, Saint Petersburg, 191186, Russian Federation E-mail: [email protected] Vladimir Semenov (Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation). Candidate of Historical Sciences. Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Dvortsovaya Emb., 18, Saint Petersburg, 191186, Russian Federation E-mail: [email protected] Varvara Busova  (Moscow, Russian Federation).  (Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation). Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences.  Dvortsovaya Emb., 18, Saint Petersburg, 191186, Russian Federation E-mail:  [email protected] Kharis Mustafin  (Moscow, Russian Federation). Candidate of Technical Sciences. Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology.  Institutsky Lane, 9, Dolgoprudny, 141701, Moscow Oblast, Russian Federation E-mail:  [email protected] Irina Alborova  (Moscow, Russian Federation). Candidate of Biological Sciences. Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology.  Institutsky Lane, 9, Dolgoprudny, 141701, Moscow Oblast, Russian Federation E-mail:  [email protected] Alina Matzvai  (Moscow, Russian Federation). Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology.  Institutsky Lane, 9, Dolgoprudny, 141701, Moscow Oblast, Russian Federation E-mail:  [email protected]

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