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1. Forests are the best case studies for economic excellence

2. Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world

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4. A ship in harbour is safe, but that is not what ship is for

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The UPSC Previous Year Question Papers provide valuable insights about the types of questions that can be asked in the upcoming UPSC Exam 2024. UPSC PYQ will help aspirants understand the exam’s requirements and familiarize themselves with the exam pattern. They provide insights into the exam pattern , highlight important topics, improve problem-solving skills, and offer an opportunity for self-assessment. Regular practice with previous year papers can significantly enhance a candidate's chances of clearing the UPSC CSE and achieving their dream of becoming a civil servant. To assist candidates in their preparation, UPSC Previous Year Question Papers PDF are provided in this article, enabling candidates to download and utilize them effectively. It is important to note that the UPSC Exam 2024 is scheduled to be held on 16th June 2024 .

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[Download] UPSC Mains-2020 Essay Paper, Including Topicwise last 28 YEARS Essay Question Papers (1993-2020) with booklist, strategy!

Upsc mains-2020’s essay paper compared to the past papers..

  • UPSC Essay Preparation/Strategy/Booklist?

UPSC-CSM20-Essay: Section-A

Upsc-csm20-essay: section-b.

1 India: Democracy, administration, Society, culture

1.1 India Since Independence

1.2 Federalism, Decentralization

1.3 Administration

1.4 Judiciary

1.5 Poverty, Social Justice

1.6 Indian Society, Culture and Values

1.7 Media, TV & Cinema

2 Economy, Development

2.1 Growth vs Development

2.2 Environment vs Development

2.4 Sectors of Economy

3 Education

3.1 Values in Education

3.2 Scheme implementation

3.3 Higher education

4 Quote based, Philosophy, Ethics

4.1 Character, Honesty, Ethics

4.2 Knowledge

4.3 Compassion

4.4 Truth and reality

4.5 Youth, Discipline

4.6 Towards excellence

5 Women empowerment

5.1 @National Politics

5.2 @World / Quote type

5.3 Empowerment overall

5.4 Compared to men

6 International issues, Internal Security

6.1 Globalization

6.2 International Org./ Bilateral

6.3 Security

7 Science-Technology

7.1 Science and Religion

7.2 Science and Education

7.3 Computer and internet

7.4 Sci-Tech: others

  • On Jan-08-2021, UPSC Conducted Civil Services Mains Exam (CSM-2020)’s Essay Paper (Because of the Corona lockdown, the exam cycle is running late).
2019’s Essay Paper 2020’s Essay Paper (Continuity and Change)
Values are not what humanity is, but what humanity ought to be -2019 Another essay on humanity asked
No Essay topic on women empowerment since 2017 Finally makes a re appearance in relation to patriarchy
Artificial intelligence asked in context of job skill -2019 Artificial intelligence and technology asked in context of international relations
2018, 2019- Majority of the papers focused on philosophy, ethics abstract quotation type of titles – Same pattern continues. Main challenge is the entire Section-A is devoted to such philosophy, ethics, quotation essays So whether you like it or hate it, you have to attempt at least one of them.

– Whereas, all the conventional areas (culture, women, technology, economy-social justice) are ask in section-B- So even if you are good at 2 of them you can attempt maximum one in section-B!

[Download] UPSC Mains-2020 Essay Paper, Including Topicwise last 28 YEARS Essay Question Papers (1993-2020)

  • New aspirants need to take care not to get brainwashed by one sided analysis of coaching-classes that “ just because so many philosophical topics are asked so you should blindly take philosophy as an optional subject And automatically you will get a ticket to IAS selection! ” – As per the latest annual report of UPSC uploaded on their website, the number of UPSC selection from Philosophy was 53 candidates among 1056 candidates selected in 2017 i.e. 7% (btw, It seems UPSC uploads the annual reports with a lot of delay so as to avoid controversies about selections)

What to do for Essay Preparation/Strategy/Booklist?

  • In the market there are lot of readymade books available for the essay. However, as far as the Civil Service exam is concerned they’re not very useful.
  • you have to manually gather the content and cultivate the skill for essay writing. Common resources include:
  • Last 3 years Yojana and Kurukshetra magazines: They are available in English, Hindi and other Vernacular languages. They can be downloaded for free from their official website: http://yojana.gov.in/Recent_archive_2018.asp (Tip: Replace the year in URL, when you want to access previous years). There is no need to read each and every article, at least go through the preface / Editor’s Note in the beginning of each PDF.
  • Last 3-5 years economic surveys available for free at https://indiabudget.gov.in/bspeecha.asp No need to read entire PDFs, just the introductions and conclusions of each chapter.
  • IGNOU MPS-003 module. Available for free at https://egyankosh.ac.in
  • NCERT textbooks, especially those related to Sociology, Political Science and World History.
  • Newspaper Columns: English (TheHindu or IndianExpress), Hindi (JanSatta). In the vernacular language newspapers (e.g. Divya-Bhaskar Gujarati etc)= the quality of the column is not worthy of civil service exam essays.
  • Ethics (GS Paper 4) related preparation would also come handy here.

2020’s Essay Paper in linear/sequential format

(write any one essay in 1000-1200 words, 125 marks)

  • 1) Life is a long journey between human being and being humane. (मनुष्य होने और मानव बनने के बीच का लम्बा सफर ही जीवन है)
  • 2) Mindful manifesto is the catalyst to a tranquil self (विचारपरक संकल्प स्वयं के शांतचित्त रहने का उत्प्रेरक है )
  • 3) Ships don’t sink because of water around them ships sink because of water that gets into them (जहाज अपने चारों तरफ के पानी के वजह से नहीं डूबा करते, जहाज पानी के अंदर समां जाने की वजह से डूबता हैं )
  • 4) Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication (सरलता चरम परिष्करण है )
  • 5) Culture is what we are, civilization is what we have (जो हम है, वह संस्कार; जो हमारे पास है, वह सभ्यता )
  • 6) There can be no social justice without economic prosperity but economic prosperity without social justice is meaningless (बिना आर्थिक समृद्धि के सामाजिक न्याय नहीं हो सकता, किन्तु बिना सामाजिक न्याय के आर्थिक समृद्धि निरर्थक है )
  • 7) Patriarchy is the least noticed yet the most significant structure of social inequality (पितृ-सत्ता की व्यवस्था नजर मैं बहुत काम आने के बावजूद सामाजिक विषमता की सबसे प्रभावी संरचना है)
  • 8) Technology as the silent factor in international relations (अंतर्राष्ट्रीय संबंधों मैं मौन करक के रूप मैं प्रौद्योगिकी)

Topic wise Essays of last 28 years (1993-2020)

  • Is the Colonial mentality hindering India’s Success? -2013
  • In the context of Gandhiji’s views on the matter, explore, on an evolutionary scale, the terms ‘Swadhinata’, ‘Swaraj’ and ‘Dharmarajya’. Critically comment on their contemporary relevance to Indian democracy -2012
  • Dreams which should not let India sleep. -2015
  • Why should we be proud of being Indians? -2000
  • Whither Indian democracy? -1995
  • How far has democracy in India delivered the goods? -2003
  • What we have not learnt during fifty years of independence. -1997
  • What have we gained from our democratic set-up? -2001
  • My vision of India in 2001 a.d. -1993
  • Impact of the new economic measures on fiscal ties between the union and states in India. -2017
  • Water disputes between States in federal India. -2016
  • Cooperative federalism : Myth or reality. -2016
  • Creation of smaller states and the consequent administrative, economic and developmental implication -2011
  • Evaluation of panchayati raj system in India from the point of view of eradication of power to people. -2007
  • Water resources should be under the control of the central government. -2004
  • The language problem in India: its past, present and prospects. -1998
  • How should a civil servant conduct himself? -2003
  • Politics without ethics is a disaster. -1995
  • The VIP cult is a bane of Indian democracy -1996
  • Need for transparency in public administration -1996
  • The country’s need for a better disaster management system. -2000
  • Politics, bureaucracy and business – fatal triangle. -1994
  • We may brave human laws but cannot resist natural laws. -2017
  • Justice must reach the poor -2005
  • Judicial activism and Indian democracy. -2004
  • Judicial activism. -1997
  • There can be no social justice without economic prosperity but economic prosperity without social justice is meaningless (बिना आर्थिक समृद्धि के सामाजिक न्याय नहीं हो सकता, किन्तु बिना सामाजिक न्याय के आर्थिक समृद्धि निरर्थक है ) -2020
  • Neglect of primary health care and education in India are reasons for its backwardness. -2019
  • The focus of health care is increasingly getting skewed towards the ‘haves’ of our society. -2009
  • Food security for sustainable national development -2005
  • Reservation, politics and empowerment. -1999
  • Culture is what we are, civilization is what we have (जो हम है, वह संस्कार; जो हमारे पास है, वह सभ्यता ) -2020
  • Indian culture today: a myth or a reality? -2000
  • Modernism and our traditional socio-ethical values. -2000
  • The composite culture of India. -1998
  • The Indian society at the crossroads. -1994
  • From traditional Indian philanthropy to the gates-buffet model-a natural progression or a paradigm shift? -2010
  • New cults and godmen: a threat to traditional religion -1996
  • Biased media is a real threat to Indian democracy. -2019
  • Responsibility of media in a democracy. -2002
  • Role of media in good governance -2008
  • Does Indian cinema shape our popular culture or merely reflect it? -2011
  • How has satellite television brought about cultural change in Indian mindsets? -2007
  • Is sting operation an invasion on privacy? -2014
  • Mass media and cultural invasion. -1999
  • The misinterpretation and misuse of freedom in India. -1998
  • Poverty anywhere is a threat to prosperity everywhere. -2018
  • Digital economy: A leveller or a source of economic inequality. -2016
  • Innovation is the key determinant of economic growth and social welfare. -2016
  • Near jobless growth in India: An anomaly or an outcome of economic reforms. -2016
  • Crisis faced in India – moral or economic. -2015
  • Was it the policy paralysis or the paralysis of implementation which slowed the growth of our country? -2014
  • GDP (Gross Domestic Product) along with GDH (Gross Domestic Happiness) would be the right indices for judging the wellbeing of a country-2013
  • Can capitalism bring inclusive growth? -2015
  • Resource management in the Indian context. -1999
  • Economic growth without distributive justice is bound to breed violence. -1993
  • Alternative technologies for a climate change resilient India. -2018
  • Should a moratorium be imposed on all fresh mining in tribal areas of the country? -2010
  • Urbanisation and its hazards -2008
  • Protection of ecology and environment is essential for sustained economic development. -2006
  • Urbanization is a blessing in disguise. -1997
  • Ecological considerations need not hamper development. -1993
  • Globalization would finish small-scale industries in India. -2006
  • Multinational corporations – saviours or saboteurs -1994
  • Special economic zone: boon or bane -2008
  • Is the criticism that the ‘Public-Private-Partnership’ (PPP) model for development is more of a bane than a boon in the Indian context, justified ?-2012
  • Farming has lost the ability to be a source of subsistence for majority of farmers in India. -2017
  • BPO boom in India. -2007
  • Tourism: Can this be the next big thing for India? -2014
  • Are our traditional handicrafts doomed to a slow death? -2009
  • Destiny of a nation is shaped in its classrooms. -2017
  • Education without values, as useful as it is, seems rather to make a man more clever devil-2015
  • Independent thinking should be encouraged right form the childhood. -2007
  • Are the standardized tests good measure of academic ability or progress? -2014
  • Irrelevance of the classroom. -2001
  • Is the growing level of competition good for the youth? -2014
  • Literacy is growing very fast, but there is no corresponding growth in education. -1996
  • Is an egalitarian society possible by educating the masses ? -2008
  • What is real education? -2005
  • “Education for all” campaign in India: myth or reality. -2006
  • Restructuring of Indian education system. -1995
  • Privatization of higher education in India. -2002
  • Credit – based higher education system – status, opportunities and challenges -2011
  • Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication (सरलता चरम परिष्करण है ) -2020
  • Ships don’t sink because of water around them ships sink because of water that gets into them (जहाज अपने चारों तरफ के पानी के वजह से नहीं डूबा करते, जहाज पानी के अंदर समां जाने की वजह से डूबता हैं ) -2020
  • Life is a long journey between human being and being humane. (मनुष्य होने और मानव बनने के बीच का लम्बा सफर ही जीवन है)-2020
  • Values are not what humanity is, but what humanity ought to be -2019
  • Best for an individual is not necessarily best for the society -2019
  • Courage to accept and dedication to improve are two keys to success -2019
  • Wisdom finds truth -2019
  • A people that values its privileges above its principles loses both. -2018
  • Customary morality cannot be a guide to modem file. -2018
  • Need brings greed, if greed increases it spoils breed. -2016
  • Character of an institution is reflected in its leader. -2015
  • With greater power comes greater responsibility. -2014
  • Words are sharper than the two-edged sword. -2014
  • Attitude makes, habit makes character and character makes a man. -2007
  • He would reigns within himself and folds his passions and desires and fears is more than a king. -1993
  • Mindful manifesto is the catalyst to a tranquil self (विचारपरक संकल्प स्वयं के शांतचित्त रहने का उत्प्रेरक है )-2020
  • ‘The past’ is a permanent dimension of human consciousness and values. -2018
  • A good life is one inspired by love and guided by knowledge. -2018
  • There is nothing either good or bad but thinking makes it so. -2003
  • Disinterested intellectual curiosity is the lifeblood of civilisation. -1995
  • Joy is the simplest form of gratitude. -2017
  • Compassion is the basic of all morality of the world -1993
  • Lending hands to someone is better than giving a dole. -2015
  • Be the change you want to see in others (Gandhi)-2013
  • Reality does not conform to the ideal, but confirms it. -2018
  • Truth is lived, not taught -1996
  • When money speaks, the truth is silent. -1995
  • Search for truth can only be a spiritual problem. -2002
  • Discipline means success, anarchy means ruin -2008
  • Youth is a blunder, manhood a struggle, old age a regret -1994
  • If youth knew, if age could. -2002
  • Youth culture today. -1999
  • Fifty Golds in Olympics: Can this be a reality for India? -2014
  • Quick but steady wins the race. -2015
  • Useless life is an early death. -1994
  • Our deeds determine us, as much as we determine our deeds. -1995
  • The paths of glory lead but to the grave. -2002
  • The pursuit of excellence. -2001
  • Greater political power alone will not improve women’s plight. -1997
  • Women’s reservation bill would usher in empowerment for women in India. -2006
  • The new emerging women power: the ground realities. -1995
  • If women ruled the world -2005
  • The hand that rocks the cradle -2005
  • Patriarchy is the least noticed yet the most significant structure of social inequality (पितृ-सत्ता की व्यवस्था नजर मैं बहुत काम आने के बावजूद सामाजिक विषमता की सबसे प्रभावी संरचना है) -2020
  • Fulfilment of ‘new woman’ in India is a myth. -2017
  • If development is not engendered, it is endangered. -2016
  • Whither women’s emancipation? -2004
  • Empowerment alone cannot help our women. -2001
  • Women empowerment: challenges and prospects. -1999
  • Woman is god’s best creation. -1998
  • Men have failed: let women take over. -1993
  • Managing work and home – is the Indian working woman getting a fair deal ?-2012
  • South Asian societies are woven not around the state, but around their plural cultures and plural identities. -2019
  • Geography may remain the same ; history need not. -2010
  • Modernisation and westernisation are not identical concepts. -1994
  • ‘globalization’ vs. ‘nationalism’ -2009
  • National identity and patriotism -2008
  • Globalizations and its impact on Indian culture. -2004
  • The masks of new imperialism. -2003
  • As civilization advances culture declines. -2003
  • The implications of globalization for India. -2000
  • My vision of an ideal world order. -2001
  • India’s contribution to world wisdom. -1998
  • The world of the twenty-first century. -1998
  • Preparedness of our society for India’s global leadership role. -2010
  • Technology as the silent factor in international relations (अंतर्राष्ट्रीय संबंधों मैं मौन करक के रूप मैं प्रौद्योगिकी) -2020
  • Has the Non-Alignment Movement (NAM) lost its relevance in a multipolar world ? -2017
  • Restructuring of UNO reflect present realities -1996
  • The global order: political and economic -1993
  • India’s role in promoting ASEAN co-operation. -2004
  • Importance of Indo-US nuclear agreement -2006
  • Management of Indian border dispute is a complex task. -2018
  • In the Indian context , both human intelligence and technical intelligence are crucial in combating terrorism -2011
  • Are we a ‘soft’ state ? -2009
  • Good fences make good neighbours -2009
  • Is autonomy the best answer to combat balkanization? -2007
  • Terrorism and world peace -2005
  • True religion cannot be misused. -1997
  • Spirituality and scientific temper. -2003
  • Science and Mysticism : Are they compatible ?-2012
  • Modern technological education and human values. -2002
  • Value-based science and education. -1999
  • The march of science and the erosion of human values. -2001
  • Rise of Artificial Intelligence: the threat of jobless future or better job opportunities through reskilling and upskilling. -2019
  • ‘Social media’ is inherently a selfish medium. -2017
  • Cyberspace and Internet : Blessing or curse to the human civilization in the long run -2016
  • Increasing computerization would lead to the creation of a dehumanized society. -2006
  • The cyberworld: its charms and challenges. -2000
  • Computer: the harbinger of silent revolution. -1993
  • Technology cannot replace manpower. -2015
  • Science and technology is the panacea for the growth and security of the nation-2013
  • The modern doctor and his patients. -1997
  • The lure of space. -2004

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[Lecture] Mrunal’s UPSC GSM3-2020 Model Ans: Science Technology, Internal Security & Border Management Questions from last Mains Exam Solved!

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[free lecture] mrunal’s mains ans writing [flm/r2] gsm3: economy-socialism & subsidies, psus, gst compensation, 73 comments.

Thank you sir, Please also upload for other subject (GS 1, 2,3,4) It will be a great help

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UPSC Mains 2021 Essay Question Paper - Download PDF

The UPSC Mains 2021 was conducted on 7th, 8th, 9th, 15th and 16th January 2022. The Essay paper has been conducted on 7th January 2022 in the forenoon session (9 AM to 12 PM). 

The Mains (Written) Examination consists of nine papers in total. The first stage, that is, Prelims, was conducted on October 10, 2021. 

UPSC Mains 2021 Essay Question Paper:- Download PDF Here

Download compulsory language papers from the links below:

  • UPSC Mains 2021 Indian Language Paper PDF
  • UPSC Mains 2021 English Language Paper PDF

To download all question papers of UPSC Mains 2021 from the linked article. 

UPSC 2021 Mains Essay Question Paper PDF

In the UPSC Essay paper, there are two sections, namely Section A and Section B. Each section consists of four questions. The aspirants have to choose one topic from each section and in total have to answer 2 essay questions. Each essay question has to be answered with a word limit ranging from 1000-1200 words. One essay question has been awarded 125 marks and the total marks allotted to the essay paper is 250 marks. This paper is counted for merit ranking. 

The Essay Topics asked in the UPSC Mains 2021 are given below:

  • The process of self-discovery has now been technologically outsourced.
  • Your perception of me is a reflection of you; my reaction to you is an awareness of me.
  • Philosophy of wantlessness is Utopian, while materialism is a chimera.
  • The real is rational and the rational is real.
  • Hand that rocks the cradle rules the world.
  • What is research, but a blind date with knowledge!
  • History repeats itself, first as a tragedy, second as a farce.
  • There are better practices to ‘best practices’.

UPSC Mains 2021 Essay Question Paper

Some of the useful links for the candidates to prepare for an essay paper are as follows:

.

The candidates may be required to write essays on multiple topics. While answering the essay questions, the aspirants are expected to keep closely to the subject of the essay to arrange their ideas in an orderly manner and to write concisely. It is important to remember that credit will be given for effective and exact expression.

To download the question paper PDFs of General Studies papers, the aspirants can check the links below:

The candidates can also download the question paper PDFs of UPSC Mains 2021 Optional Paper from the linked article. 

UPSC Mains 2021 Essay Paper:- Download PDF Here

IAS General Studies Notes Links

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[Download pdf] UPSC IAS Mains 2022 – Essay Question Paper

ForumIAS announcing GS Foundation Program for UPSC CSE 2025-26 from 18th June. Click Here for more information.

UPSC IAS Mains 2022 Examinations have started with the essay paper. After the completion of the examination in the first session, UPSC IAS Mains 2022 Essay Question Paper is out. If you are preparing for the 2023 examination, you can go through the question paper and check the type of topics that are being asked.

Download pdf of UPSC IAS Mains 2022 – Essay Question Paper or View the Images of UPSC IAS Mains 2022 – Essay Question Paper below:

  • Forests are the best case studies of economic excellence
  • Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world
  • History is a series of victories won by the scientific man over the romantic men
  • A ship in harbour is safe, but that is not what a ship is meant for
  • The time to repair the roof is when sun is shining
  • You cannot step twice in the same river
  • A smile is the chosen vehicle for all ambiguities
  • Just because you have a choice, it does not mean that any of them has to be right

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To access Previous Year Question Paper  –  Click Here 

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UPSC Essay Topics From PYQs (2013-2022)

Check out our collection of Essay Topics taken straight from UPSC’s Previous Year Questions! Simple to understand and perfect for your preparation. We recommend aspirants study and analyze them thoroughly.

Table of Content

  • UPSC CSE – 2022 (Essay Paper)
  • UPSC CSE – 2021 ( Essay Paper )
  • UPSC CSE – 2020 ( Essay Paper )
  • UPSC CSE – 2019 ( Essay Paper )
  • UPSC CSE – 2018 ( Essay Paper )
  • UPSC CSE – 2017 ( Essay Paper )
  • UPSC CSE – 2016 ( Essay Paper )
  • UPSC CSE – 2015 ( Essay Paper )
  • UPSC CSE – 2014 ( Essay Paper )
  • UPSC CSE – 2013 ( Essay Paper )

Importance of Previous Year’s Question- PYQs in UPSC :

Previous year’s question papers are very important for UPSC exam preparation. They provide valuable insights into the exam pattern, the types of questions asked the difficulty level, and the topics that are frequently covered in the exam. By analyzing the further given UPSC Essay previous year’s question papers, aspirants can understand the nature and scope of the UPSC exam, identify the important topics, and prepare accordingly

UPSC’S Last 10 Years (2013-2022) Questions Compilation :

UPSC 10 years essay questions compilation

UPSC CSE – 2022 (Essay Paper PYQs)

Marking Scheme: Need to Choose One Essay from Each Section – 125 Marks Each- Total Time is 3 Hours

  • Forests are the best case studies for economic excellence
  • Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world
  • History is a series of victories won by the scientific man over the romantic man
  • A ship in the harbor is safe, but that is not what a ship is for
  • The time to repair the roof is when the sun is shining
  • You cannot step twice in the same river
  • A smile is the chosen vehicle for all ambiguities
  • Just because you have a choice, it does not mean that any of them has to be right

UPSC CSE – 2021 (Essay Paper PYQs)

Marking Scheme: Chose One Essay from Each Section – 125 Marks – 3 Hours

  • The process of self-discovery has now been technologically outsourced.
  • Your perception of me is a reflection of you; my reaction to you is an awareness of me.
  • The philosophy of wantlessness is Utopian, while materialism is a chimera.
  • The real is rational and the rational is real.
  • The hand that rocks the cradle rules the world.
  • What is research, but a blind date with knowledge!
  • History repeats itself, first as a tragedy, second as a farce.
  • There are better practices to ‘best practices’.

UPSC CSE – 2020 (Essay Paper PYQs)

  • Life is a long journey between human being and being humane.
  • Mindful manifesto is the catalyst to a tranquil self.
  • Ships do not sink because of water around them, ships sink because of water that gets into them.
  • Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication.
  • Culture is what we are, civilization is what we have.
  • There can be no social justice without economic prosperity but economic prosperity without social justice is meaningless.
  • Patriarchy is the least noticed yet the most significant structure of social inequality.
  • Technology as the silent factor in international relations.

UPSC CSE – 2019 (Essay Paper PYQs)

  • Wisdom finds truth.
  • Values are not what humanity is, but what humanity ought to be
  • Best for an individual is not necessarily best for the society
  • Courage to accept and dedication to improve are two keys to success
  • South Asian societies are woven not around the state but around their plural cultures and plural identities.
  • Neglect of primary health care and education in India are reasons for its backwardness.
  • Biased media is a real threat to Indian democracy.
  • Rise of Artificial Intelligence: the threat of a jobless future or better job opportunities through reskilling and upskilling.

UPSC CSE – 2018 (Essay Paper PYQs)

  • Alternative technologies for a climate change resilient India.
  • A good life is one inspired by love and guided by knowledge.
  • Poverty anywhere is a threat to prosperity everywhere
  • Management of Indian border disputes—a complex task
  • Customary morality cannot be a guide to modern life
  • ‘The past’ is permanent dimension of human consciousness and values.
  • A people that values its privileges above its principles loses both
  • Reality does not conform to the idea, but confirms it.

UPSC CSE – 2017 (Essay Paper PYQs)

  • Farming has lost the ability to be a source of subsistence for majority of farmers in India.
  • Impact of the new economic measures on fiscal ties between the union and states in India.
  • Destiny of a nation is shaped in its classrooms.
  • Has the Non-Alignment Movement (NAM) lost its relevance in a multipolar world?
  • Joy is the simplest form of gratitude.
  • Fulfilment of ‘new woman’ in India is myth.
  • We may brave human laws but cannot resist natural laws.
  • ‘Social media’ is inherently a selfish medium.

UPSC CSE – 2016 (Essay Paper PYQs)

  • If development is not engendered, it is endangered.
  • Need brings greed, if greed increases it spoils breed.
  • Water disputes between States in federal India.
  • Innovation is the key determinant of economic growth and social welfare.
  • Cooperative federalism: Myth or reality
  • Cyberspace and Internet: Blessing or curse to the human civilization in the long run.
  • Near jobless growth in India: An anomaly or an outcome of economic reforms
  • Digital economy: A leveller or a source of economic inequality.

UPSC CSE – 2015 (Essay Paper PYQs)

  • Lending hands to someone is better than giving a dole.
  • Quick but steady wins the race.
  • Character of an institution is reflected in its leader.
  • Education without values, as useful as it is, seems rather to make a man more clever devil.
  • Technology cannot replace manpower.
  • Crisis faced in India— moral or economic.
  • Dreams which should not let India sleep.
  • Can capitalism bring inclusive growth?

UPSC CSE – 2014 (Essay Paper PYQs)

  • With greater power comes greater responsibility.
  • Is the growing level of competition good for the youth?
  • Are the standardized tests good measure of academic ability or progress?
  • Words are sharper than the two-edged sword.
  • Was it the policy paralysis or the paralysis of implementation which slowed the growth of our country?
  • Is sting operation an invasion on privacy?
  • Fifty Golds in Olympics: Can this be a reality for India?
  • Tourism: Can this be the next big thing for India?

UPSC CSE – 2013 (Essay Paper PYQs)

Marking Scheme: Chose Only One Essay – 250 Marks – 3 Hours

  • Be the change you want to see in others — Gandhiji.
  • Is the Colonial mentality hindering India’s success?
  • GDP (Gross Domestic Product) along with GDH (Gross Domestic Happiness) would be the right indices for judging the well-being of a country.
  • Science and Technology is the panacea for the growth and security of the nation

Studying the previous year’s question papers helps aspirants to get familiar with the types of questions asked in the exam and the expected answers. This, in turn, helps them to develop their time-management skills, improve their speed and accuracy, and enhance their overall performance in the exam.

Moreover, analysing the previous year’s question papers also helps aspirants to identify their weaknesses and strengths. They can evaluate their performance in each section and topic and work on improving their weaker areas. This can help them to focus on the important topics and boost their confidence for the exam.

In summary, previous year’s question papers are an essential tool for UPSC exam preparation, and aspirants should make it a priority to study and analyse them thoroughly.

All the best!!!!!!!!!!!!

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Frequenly Asked Questions – FAQs

How can i write a good essay for upsc.

Some steps involved in best UPSC Essay writing are 1. Understand the topic 2. Plan and Organize your thoughts and ideas 3. Write a strong introduction 4. Write arguments and counterarguments 5. Use transitions 6. Strong conclusion.

Which types of Essays are asked in UPSC CSE?

Generally, Four types of essays that are asked in the UPSC CSE Examination are, 1. Narrative 2. Descriptive 3. Informative 4. Persuasive.

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Topic Wise UPSC Prelims Questions

By vajiram & ravi.

UPSC Previous Year Question Paper

UPSC Prelims Mock Test

UPSC Prelims Test Series

Daily Prelims Pointers

Topic-wise UPSC Prelims questions are very important for CSE Prelims preparation. The UPSC 2024 Prelims Exam is scheduled for May 26, 2024. At this point in time, the best way to revise and practise for the exam is to use topic-wise UPSC Prelims questions.

In this article, aspirants will find topic-wise UPSC Prelims questions carefully compiled from the last 10 years' question papers, from 2023 to 2013.

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Topic Wise UPSC Prelims Questions PDF

By going through the topic-wise UPSC Prelims questions PDF, aspirants can assess their knowledge and identify areas where they need to improve. It also helps them practise time management and develop a strategic approach towards solving questions effectively.

UPSC Prelims Questions Topic-Wise Analysis

The UPSC Prelims GS Paper 1 consists of 100 multiple choice questions that cover a variety of topics. The specific topics covered in the exam vary each year, but the overall distribution of questions across subjects is relatively consistent. You can find a breakdown of the subject-wise weightage and questions in the table below. This will help you to prepare for the upcoming UPSC Prelims 2024 Exam.

UPSC Prelims Topic Wise Questions Analysis - Last 10 Years

1618169171419
20141410181610
171613311813
1577318818
14922515916
2214137131018
171415311714
2010174101015
1010115171416
141615141214
141615141214

Topic Wise History Prelims Questions (PYQs)

The UPSC Prelims History subject covers the following topics: Ancient History, Medieval History, Modern History and Art & Culture. The questions in the UPSC Prelims History exam are designed to test the candidate's knowledge of the major events, personalities, and trends in Indian history. Candidates are also expected to be able to analyze and interpret historical data, and to identify the interconnections between different historical periods and events.

Ancient History Questions 2023

Q.1. In which one of the following regions was Dhanyakataka, which flourished as a prominent Buddhist centre under the Mahasanghikas, located ?

(b) Gandhara

(c) Kalinga

(d) Magadha

Q.2. With reference to ancient India, consider the following statements:

  • The concept of Stupa is Buddhist in origin.
  • Stupa was generally a repository of relics.
  • Stupa was a votive and commemorative structure in Buddhist tradition.

How many of the statements given above are correct?

(a) Only one

(b) Only two

(c) All three

Q.3. With reference to ancient South India, Korkai, Poompuhar and Muchiri were well known as

(a) capital cities

(c) centers of iron-and-steel making

(d) shrines of Jain Tirthankaras

Q.4. Which one of the following explains the practice of Vattakirutal' as mentioned in Sangam poems ?

(a) Kings employing women bodyguards.

(b) Learned persons assembling in royal courts to discuss religious and philosophical matters

(c) Young girls keeping watch over agricultural fields and driving away birds and animals

(d) A king defeated in a battle committing ritual suicide by starving himself to death

Q.5. With reference to ancient Indian History, consider the following pairs:

DevichandraguptaBilhana
Hammira-MahakavyaNayachandra Suri
Milinda-panhaNagarjuna
NitivakyamritaSomadeva Suri

How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?

(c) Only three

(d) All four

Q.6 . " Souls are not only the property of animal and plant life, but also of rocks, running water and many other natural objects not looked on as living by other religious sects. "

The above statement reflects one of the core beliefs of which one of the following religious sects of ancient India?

(a) Buddhism

(b) Jainism

(c) Shaivism

(d) Vaishnavism

Medieval History Questions 2023

Q1. Consider the following dynasties:

How many of the above dynasties established their kingdoms in early eighth century AD?

Correct answer: d

Q2. Who among the following rulers of Vijayanagara Empire constructed a large dam across Tungabhadra River and canalcum- aqueduct several a kilometres long from the river to the capital city ?

a) Devaraya I

(b) Mallikarjuna

(c) Vira Vijaya

(d) Virupaksha

Correct answer: a

Modern History Prelims Questions 2023

Q1. Who among the following rulers of medieval Gujarat surrendered Diu to Portuguese ?

(a) Ahmad Shah

(b) Mahmud Begarha

(c) Bahadur Shah

(d) Muhammad Shah

Correct answer: c

Q2. With reference to the Indian History, Alexander Rea, A. H. Longhurst, Robert Sewell, James Burgess and Walter Elliot were associated with

(a) archaeological excavations

(b) establishment of English Press in Colonial India

(c) establishment of Churches in Princely States

(d) construction of railways in Colonial India

Q3. By which one of the following Acts was the Governor General of Bengal designated as the Governor General of India ?

(a) The Regulating Act

(b) The Pitt's India Act

(c) The Charter Act of 1793

(d) The Charter Act of 1833

Q4. Consider the following statements :

  • Statement-I: 7th August is declared as the National Handloom Day.
  • Statement-II: It was in 1905 that the Swadeshi Movement was launched on the same day.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

(a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I.

(b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I.

(c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect.

(d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct.

Polity Questions in UPSC Prelims

The Polity subject in the UPSC Prelims exam covers the following topics: Indian Constitution, Organs of government, Fundamental rights and duties, Directive principles of state policy, Federalism , Centre-state relations , and local government , Political system and parties, Electoral system, Civil services, Panchayati Raj and Nagar Palika, Public policy, Rights issues. The questions in the Polity exam are designed to test the candidate's knowledge of the Indian Constitution, the political system, and the various institutions of government. Candidates are also expected to be able to understand and analyse current political issues.

Q1. In essence, what does Due Process of Law' mean ?

(a) The principle of natural justice

(b) The procedure established by law

(c) Fair application of law

(d) Equality before law

Q2. In India, which one of the following Constitutional Amendments was widely believed to be enacted to overcome the judicial interpretations of the Fundamental Rights ?

(a) 1st Amendment

(b) 42nd Amendment

(c) 44th Amendment

(d) 86th Amendment

Q3. Consider the following organizations/bodies in India:

  • The National Commission for Backward Classes
  • The National Human Rights Commission
  • The National Law Commission
  • The National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission

How many of the above constitutional bodies?

Q4. Consider the following statements:

  • If the election of the President of India is declared void by the Supreme Court of India, all acts done by him/her in the performance of duties of his/her office of President before the date of decision become invalid.
  • Election for the post of the President of India can be postponed on the ground that some Legislative Assemblies have been dissolved and elections are yet to take place.
  • When a Bill is presented to the President of India, the Constitution prescribes time limits within which he/she has to declare his/her assent.

How many of the above statements are correct?

Q5. With reference to Scheduled Areas in India, consider the following statements :

  • Within a State, the notification of an area as Scheduled Area takes place through an Order of the President.
  • The largest administrative unit forming the Scheduled Area is the District and the lowest is the cluster of villages in the Block.
  • The Chief Ministers of the concerned States are required to submit annual reports to the Union Home Ministry on the administration of Scheduled Areas in the States.

Correct answer: b

UPSC Prelims Geography PYQs

The Geography subject in the UPSC Prelims exam covers the following topics: Physical Geography, Human Geography, Indian Geography. The questions in the Geography exam are designed to test the candidate's knowledge of the basic concepts of geography, as well as their understanding of the specific features of Indian geography. Candidates are also expected to be able to understand and analyse current geographical issues.

Q1. Consider the following statements:

  • Statement-I: India, despite having uranium deposits, depends on coal for most its electricity production.
  • Statement-II: Uranium, enriched to the extent at of least 60%, is required for the production of electricity.

(a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I

(b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-1

(c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect

(d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct"

Correct Answer: Option c

Q2. Consider the following statements:

  • Jhelum River passes through Wular Lake.
  • Krishna River directly feeds Kolleru Lake.
  • Meandering of the Gandak River formed Kanwar Lake.

How many of the statements given above are correct ?

Correct Answer: Option b

Q3. Consider the following trees:

  • Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus)
  • Mahua (Madhuca indica)
  • Teak (Tectona grandis)

How many of the above are deciduous trees ?

  • India has more arable area than China.
  • The proportion of irrigated area is more in India as compared to China.
  • The average productivity per hectare in Indian agriculture is higher than that in China.

How many of the above statements are correct ?

Q5. Ilmenite and rutile, abundantly available in certain coastal tracts of India, are rich sources of which one of the following ?

(a) Aluminium

(d) Titanium

Correct Answer: Option d

For the rest of the UPSC Prelims Geography PYQ, download the PDF .

UPSC Prelims Environment & Ecology Questions

Environment and ecology are two of the most important subjects covered in the UPSC Prelims exam. The environment is the physical and biological world that surrounds us, while ecology is the study of the interactions between living organisms and their environment.

The UPSC Prelims exam covers a wide range of topics related to environment and ecology, including Biodiversity and conservation, Climate change and pollution, Natural resources management, Environmental policies and laws, and Sustainable development.

Once the Central Government notifies an area as a 'Community Reserve'

  • the Chief Wildlife Warden of the State becomes the governing authority of such forest
  • hunting is not allowed in such area
  • people of such area are allowed to collect non-timber forest produce
  • people of such area are allowed traditional agricultural practices

(d) All four 

  • Statement-1: Marsupials are not naturally found in India.
  • Statement-II: Marsupials can thrive only in montane grasslands with no predators.

(b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I

(c) Statement-1 is correct Statement-II is incorrect

(d) Statement-1 is incorrect but Statement-II is correct

Q3. Invasive Species Specialist Group’ (that develops Global Invasive Species Database) belongs to which one of the following organizations ?

(a) The International Union for Conservation of Nature

(b) The United Nations Environment Programme

(c) The United Nations World Commission for Environment and Development

(d) The World Wide Fund for Nature

Q4. Consider the following fauna:

  • Lion-tailed Macaque
  • Malabar Civet
  • Sambar Deer

How many of the above are generally nocturnal or most active after sunset ?

Q5. Which of the following organisms perform waggle dance for others of their kin to indicate the direction and the distance to a source of their food ?

(a) Butterflies

(b) Dragonflies

(c) Honeybees

For rest of the UPSC Prelims Environment and Ecology PYQs, download the PDF .

UPSC Prelims Science & Technology Questions

The Science and Technology subject in the UPSC Prelims exam covers a wide range of topics, including General Science, Information Technology, Space Science, Biotechnology, Nanotechnology, New and Emerging Technologies. The questions in the Science and Technology exam are designed to test the candidate's basic knowledge of science and technology concepts, as well as their awareness of current scientific and technological developments.

Q1. Consider the following:

  • Foam agents
  • Fire retardants

In the making of how many of the above are hydrofluorocarbons used ?

Q2. ‘Wolbachia method’ is sometimes talked about with reference to which one of the following ?

(a) Controlling the viral diseases spread by mosquitoes

(b) Converting crop residues into packing material

(c) Producing biodegradable plastics

(d) Producing biochar from thermo-chemical conversion of biomass

Q3. ‘Aerial metagenomics’ best refers to which one of the following situations ?

(a) Collecting DNA samples from air in a habitat at one go

(b) Understanding the genetic makeup of avian species of a habitat

(c) Using air-bome devices to collect blood samples from moving animals

(d) Sending drones to inaccessible areas to collect plant and animal samples from land surfaces and water bodies

Q4. ‘Microsatellite DNA’ is used in the case of which one of the following ?

(a) Studying the evolutionary relationships among various species of fauna

(b) Stimulating ‘stem cells’ to transform into diverse functional tissues

(c) Promoting clonal propagation of horticultural plants

(d) Assessing the efficacy of drugs by conducting series of drug trials in a population"

Q5. Consider the following statements:

  • Carbon fibres are used in the manufacture of components used in automobiles and aircraftes.
  • Carbon fibres once used cannot be recycled.

Which of the statements give above is/are correct?

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Q6. Consider the following actions:

  • Detection of car crash/collision which results in the deployment of airbags almost instantaneously.
  • Detection of accidental free fall of a laptop towards the ground which results in the immediate turning off of the hard drive
  • Detection of the tit of smartphone which results in the rotation of display between portrait and landscape mode

In how many of the above action is the function of accelerometer required?

Q7. Which one of the following countries has its own Satellite Navigation System ?

(a) Australia

UPSC Prelims Economics PYQs

UPSC Prelims Economics subject covers important topics like microeconomics, macroeconomics, monetary and fiscal policies and other important documents released by the Government like Economic Survey and Economic Budget.

  • Statement-I: Interest income from the deposits in Infrastructure Investment Trusts (InvITs) distributed to their investors is exempted from tax, but the dividend is taxable.
  • Statement-II: InviTs are recognized as borrowers under the 'Securitization and Recon struction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act, 2002'.

(a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-1

(c) Statement-1 is correct but Statement-II is incorrect

(d) Statement-I is incorrect Statement-II is correct

Correct Answer: D

  • Statement-I: In the post-pandemic recent past, many Central Banks worldwide had carried out interest rate hikes.
  • Statement-II: Central Banks generally assume that they have the ability to counteract the rising consumer prices via monetary policy means.

(d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct

Correct Answer: a

Q3. Which one of the following activities of the Reserve Bank of India is considered to be part of 'sterilization' ?

(a) Conducting 'Open Market Operations'

(b) Oversight of settlement and payment systems

(c) Debt and cash management for the Central and State Governments

(d) Regulating the functions of Non-banking Financial Institutions"

Q4. Consider the following markets:

  • Government Bond Market
  • Call Money Market
  • Treasury Bill Market
  • Stock Market

How many of the above are included in capital markets ?

Correct Answer: b

Q5. Consider the investments in the following assets:

  • Brand recognition
  • Intellectual property
  • Mailing list of clients

How many of the above are considered intangible investments ?

Correct Answer: c

Q6. Consider the following:

  • Demographic performance
  • Forest and ecology
  • Governance reforms
  • Stable government
  • Tax and fiscal efforts

For the horizontal tax devolution, the Fifteenth Finance Commission used how many of the above as criteria other than population area and income distance?

(a) Only two

(b) Only three

(c) Only four

(d) All five

Q7. Consider the following infrastructure sectors:

  • Affordable housing
  • Mass rapid transport
  • Health care
  • Renewable energy

On how many of the above does UNOPS Sustainable Investments in Infrastructure and Innovation (S3i) initiative focus for its investments?

Q8. Consider, the following statements :

  • Statement-I : India accounts for 3.2% of global export of goods.
  • Statement-II : Many local companies and some foreign companies operating in India have taken advantage of India's ‘Production-linked Incentive’ scheme.

Q9. Consider the following statements :

The ‘Stability and Growth Pact’ of the European Union is a treaty that: 

  • limits the levels of the budgetary deficit of the countries of the European Union 
  • makes the countries of the European Union to share their infrastructure facilities
  • enables the countries of the European Union to share their technologies

Q10. Consider the following statements with reference to India:

  • According to the ‘Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development (MSMED) Act, 2006, the ‘medium enterprises’ are those with investments in plant and machinery between ₹ 15 crore and ₹ 25 crore.
  • All bank loans to the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises qualify under the priority sector .

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Answer: d

Q11. With reference to Central Bank digital currencies, consider the following statements :

  • It is possible to make payments in a digital currency without using US dollar or SWIFT system.
  • A digital currency can be distributed with condition programmed into it such as a time-frame for spending it.

Q12. In the context of finance, the term ‘beta’ refers to

(a) the process of simultaneous buying and selling of an asset from different platforms

(b) an investment strategy of a portfolio manager to balance risk versus reward

(c) a type of systemic risk that arises where perfect hedging is not possible

(d) a numeric value that measures the fluctuations of a stock to changes in the overall stock market.

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UPSC Mains PYQ Theme Wise List – 2013 to 2023

Upsc mains theme wise pyqs list – download free pdfs here, cracking upsc mains requires strategic preparation, and analysing past exam trends is crucial for effective preparation. we are here to equip you with the ultimate weapon: free upsc mains pyqs theme wise list pdfs from 2013 to 2023 for absolute dominance in upsc mains, download the theme wise pyqs list for upsc mains 2024:, conquer upsc mains with theme-wise pyqs list free pdfs.

Master the Art of Answer Writing with Theme-Wise UPSC Mains Previous Year Questions Lists

This page empowers your UPSC Mains preparation with a comprehensive collection of Theme-Wise Previous Year Questions (PYQs) for GS-1, GS-2, GS-3 & GS-4.

Ditch the Scattered Approach:

  • Organised by Theme: Go beyond the traditional year-wise papers and delve into questions categorised by core themes within each GS subject.
  • Target Your Weaknesses: Identify frequently tested themes and tailor your revision for maximum impact for efficient learning.
  • Deepen Understanding: Analyse question trends to grasp the UPSC’s approach to answer writing and to refine your knowledge.

What Resources Do We Have For You?

  • GS Paper 1 (Indian Heritage & Culture, World History, Society, Geography): Explore GS-1 PYQs categorised by themes like Social Movements, Globalisation, Cultural Heritage, Geography Concepts, etc.
  • GS Paper 2 (Governance, Constitution, Polity, International Relations, Social Justice): Practice answer writing with GS-2 PYQs, grouped under themes like Federalism, Judicial Review, Social Inclusion, International Relations Dynamics etc.
  • GS Paper 3 (Indian Economy, Agriculture, Science & Technology, Environment, Internal Security): Strategise your answer writing with GS-3 PYQs on themes like Sustainable Development, Technological Advancements, Agricultural Reforms, Internal Security Threats etc.
  • GS Paper 4 (Ethics, Integrity, Case Studies): Hone your analytical and decision-making skills with GS-4 PYQs on themes like Case Studies, Work Ethics, Values in Governance etc.

Download FREE UPSC Mains Topic Wise PYQ PDF:

Access meticulously compiled mains topic wise pdf for every GS paper, empowering you to focus on specific themes and elevate your UPSC Mains preparation to new heights.

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We at Sleepy Classes offer you closely curated, specialised programs for your UPSC Mains attempt. Our General Studies, Sociology & PSIR Mains Courses are the perfect fit for your every need to clear the UPSC Mains Exam. For enriching your GS Answer Writing and Content for Mains 2024, check our GS Mains Courses for UPSC 2024 ( Click Here ). Depending on your optional, take a look at our Sociology Mains Courses for UPSC 2024 ( Click Here ) or our PSIR Mains Courses for UPSC 2024 ( Click Here ).

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UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper Download [pdf] – GS & CSAT

This page is available for you to download the UPSC Prelims Question Paper 2024 in PDF format. Accessing the actual question paper can help you prepare effectively for the exam.

Analyzing question papers allows you to comprehend the exam pattern, question trends, and the overall level of difficulty. This valuable insight can significantly boost your preparation and increase your chances of success.

UPSC Prelims 2024 Paper PDF

The UPSC Prelims 2024 is scheduled for 16th June, and we understand the importance of having access to the question paper for your prelims 2025 preparation. On 16th June, right here on this page, you will be able to download the UPSC Prelims 2024 Paper in PDF format.

General Studies Paper I (GS)
General Studies Paper II (CSAT)

Why Download the UPSC Prelims 2024 Paper PDF?

  • Understand Exam Pattern : Get insights into the structure and format of the exam.
  • Practice Real Questions : Work with actual questions to gauge the exam’s difficulty level.
  • Identify Key Topics : Recognize frequently tested topics to focus your studies.
  • Enhance Time Management : Practice under timed conditions to improve your speed and accuracy.

How to Download the UPSC Prelims 2024 Paper?

Follow these simple steps to download the question paper:

  • Click the Download Link : Use the link provided below to access the PDF file.
  • Save the File : Choose a location on your device to save the PDF.

Note: Paper will be available for download on 16th June 2024.

What is UPSC Prelims?

UPSC Prelims is the first stage of the Civil Services Examination (CSE) in India, conducted by the UPSC. This examination is a gateway to various prestigious positions in the Indian administrative framework, including the Indian Administrative Service (IAS), Indian Foreign Service (IFS), and Indian Police Service (IPS), among others.

  • Objective Nature : The UPSC Prelims is an objective type examination, consisting of multiple-choice questions.
  • Number of Questions : 100 questions.
  • Number of Questions : 80 questions.

The Prelims serve as a screening test to shortlist candidates for the Main Examination. The marks obtained in the Prelims are not counted towards the final merit but are crucial for advancing to the next stage.

General Preparation Tips:

  • Understand the Syllabus : Know the entire syllabus thoroughly to avoid missing any important topics.
  • Make a Study Plan : Create a timetable and stick to it. Allocate more time to subjects you find difficult.
  • Read NCERT Books : Start with NCERT textbooks as they cover basic concepts in a clear and concise manner.
  • Current Affairs : Stay updated with current events by reading newspapers and following reliable news sources.
  • Practice Previous Year Papers : Solving past papers helps in understanding the question pattern and improving time management.
  • Take Mock Tests : Regularly take mock tests to assess your preparation and identify areas for improvement.

See also: 10 years UPSC Prelims Papers

What is the eligibility criteria for UPSC Prelims?

A bachelor’s degree from a recognized university and meeting the age criteria set by UPSC.

How many attempts are allowed for UPSC Prelims?

General category candidates can attempt 6 times, OBC can attempt 9 times, and there is no limit for SC/ST candidates.

Is there negative marking in the UPSC Prelims?

Yes, there is a penalty of 1/3rd marks for every wrong answer.

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UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper in Hindi, Download PDF!

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UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper in Hindi will give an insight about the exam. Download UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper in Hindi pdf now and practice to ace your exam!

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UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper in Hindi: The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) conducts the Civil Services Examination, one of the most prestigious exams in India. The first stage of this examination is the Preliminary Exam, commonly known as the UPSC Prelims. 



The UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper in Hindi has been a topic of significant interest and discussion among aspirants. Let’s understand the detailed analysis of the UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper in Hindi, highlighting its structure, content, and important points to consider.

The Table below has provided the download link for UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper in Hindi: 

UPSC 2024 – सामान्य अध्ययन प्रश्नपत्र – I (Question Paper)
UPSC 2024 – सामान्य अध्ययन प्रश्नपत्र – II (Question Paper)

UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper in Hindi Overview

The UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper consists of two papers: General Studies Paper I and General Studies Paper II (CSAT). Both papers are objective type (multiple-choice questions) and are conducted on the same day. Each paper is of 200 marks and the duration for each is two hours.

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Exam Name UPSC Preliminary Examination 2024
Conducted By Union Public Service Commission (UPSC)
Mode of Exam Offline
Medium of Exam English and Hindi
Number of Papers 2 (General Studies Paper I and CSAT Paper II)
Duration per Paper 2 hours each
Number of Questions GS 1: 100 Questions

GS 2 (CSAT): 80 Questions

Mode of Questions Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
UPSC Prelims Question Paper 2024 Released
Official Website https://upsc.gov.in/

General Studies Paper I in UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper in Hindi

The General Studies Paper I in the UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper covers a broad range of subjects including History, Geography, Polity, Economy, Environment, Science and Technology, and Current Affairs. The paper is designed to test the aspirant’s general awareness and understanding of various topics relevant to the civil services.

General Studies Paper II (CSAT) in UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper in Hindi

The General Studies Paper II, also known as the Civil Services Aptitude Test (CSAT), evaluates the candidate’s analytical and problem-solving abilities. This paper includes questions on Comprehension, Logical Reasoning, Data Interpretation, and Basic Numeracy.

Why is the UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper in Hindi Important?

Clearing the UPSC Prelims is essential as it is the gateway to the mains examination. The UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper helps in filtering out candidates and only those who qualify this stage get to appear for the UPSC Mains. Hence, understanding the pattern and practicing with the UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper is crucial for aspirants.

Benefits of Practicing with UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper in Hindi

Practicing with the UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper has numerous benefits:

  • Familiarity with Exam Pattern : It makes you familiar with the type of questions, marking scheme, and the overall pattern of the exam.
  • Time Management : Helps in managing the allotted time effectively during the actual exam.
  • Self-Assessment : Allows you to assess your preparation level and identify areas that need more focus.
  • Boosts Confidence : Regular practice with the UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper pdf can boost your confidence and reduce exam-day anxiety.

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How to Download UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper in Hindi PDF

Many aspirants look for the “UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper pdf” to get a real sense of the examination pattern, difficulty level, and types of questions asked. Here’s how you can download the UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper pdf:

  • Visit the Official UPSC Website : The official UPSC website (www.upsc.gov.in) is the most reliable source for downloading the UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper pdf.
  • Check the Examination Section : Look for the “Examinations” section on the homepage.
  • Click on Previous Question Papers : Under this section, you will find a link to previous years’ question papers.
  • Download the PDF : Look for the UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper pdf and download it.

Accessing the UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper in Hindi PDF

For aspirants who wish to review the paper in detail, the UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper pdf is an invaluable resource. The pdf version of the Hindi question paper is available on the official UPSC website and other educational portals. It is recommended to download the UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper pdf for a comprehensive review and practice.

Analysis of the UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper in Hindi

Subject-wise breakdown.

  • Ancient, Medieval, and Modern Indian History featured prominently in the UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper. Questions ranged from major historical events to important personalities.
  • Physical, Human, and Economic Geography were well-represented. The UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper included questions on climatic patterns, natural resources, and world geography.
  • Indian Constitution, Governance, and Political System were key areas in the UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper. Questions tested knowledge of fundamental rights, duties, and various constitutional bodies.
  • The UPSC 2024 prelims question paper covered economic principles, government schemes, and current economic developments. Emphasis was placed on understanding economic policies and their implications.
  • Environmental Ecology, Biodiversity, and Climate Change were significant topics. The UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper included questions on international environmental conventions and national policies.
  • Advances in technology, space missions, and scientific research were part of the UPSC 2024 prelims question paper. Aspirants were expected to be aware of recent scientific developments.
  • Current events of national and international importance were a major focus. The UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper pdf had numerous questions related to recent events, government initiatives, and global affairs.
History 12
Geography 14
Polity 19
Economy 23
Environment 18
Science and Technology 10
Current Affairs 4

UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper in Hindi Difficulty Level

The difficulty level of the UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper varied across sections. Some candidates found the paper moderately challenging, while others considered it tough due to the depth and breadth of topics covered.

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UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper in Hindi Preparation Tips

1. comprehensive study.

Thorough understanding of all subjects covered in the UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper is crucial. Aspirants should refer to standard textbooks and reliable sources.

2. Analyze Previous Year Papers

Going through previous year question papers, including the UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper, can help you understand the trend and difficulty level.

3. Regular Revision

Regular revision of topics is essential. Revising the UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper pdf can help in retaining important information and identifying weak areas.

4. Practice Mock Tests

Practicing mock tests and previous year question papers can provide a realistic exam experience and improve time management skills.

5. Stay Updated

Keeping Updated of current affairs is necessary. Reading newspapers, magazines, and following credible news portals can help in preparing for the UPSC 2024 prelims question paper.

Check Out UPSC NCERT Textbooks From PW Store

Lastly, The UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper in Hindi is a comprehensive and challenging test of an aspirant’s knowledge and aptitude. By thoroughly analyzing the UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper pdf, aspirants can gain insights into the exam pattern, difficulty level, and types of questions asked.

 

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Frequently Asked Questions

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UPSC Answer Key 2024: Download Prelims CSE PDF for Paper 1, 2 by Drishti, Vision IAS, Dheya, Insights and Others

Upsc answer key 2024: the union public service commission conducted the civil service exam 2024 on 16 june in two shifts. aspirants can download prelims cse answer keys pdf for gs paper 1 and gs paper 2 by drishti, vision ias, dheya, insights and other institutes..

Shilpa Kohli

UPSC Answer Key 2024: Union Public Service Commission completed the IAS Exam 2024 on 16 June. The question papers was divided into two parts including General Studies and CSAT. According to experts, the question paper for the first shift was easy to moderate and the second shift question was easy. Aspirants who attended this exam and those planning to appear can check the tentative answers to the questions asked in the exam. 

UPSC Unofficial Answer Key 2024

Vision IAS is a top coaching center for the UPSC Civil Service Exam Centre. Here, you can check the ' solved question papers for the 2024 exam:

UPSC Answer Key by Drishti IAS

Drishti IAS is one of the oldest IAS Coaching Institute. Since 1999, the coaching centre has been providing Civil Service coaching in Delhi & Allahabad for Prelims and Mains exams.

UPSC Answer Key by Insights for Paper 1

Insights is one of the renowned institutes of the UPSC IAS Exam. They have released the SET A Answer key. Click on the image below:

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UPSC Pre Answer Key by GS Score

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UPSC CSE Answer Key by VAJIRAM and RAVI

 

UPSC GS Score Answers with Explainer

1 D 26 A 51 D 76 D
2 A 27 D 52 C 77 D
3 D 28 A 53 D 78 C
4 A 29 C 54 B 79 A
5 C 30 A 55 B 80 C
6 B 31 B 56 A 81 C
7 A 32 D 57 B 82 D
8 B 33 A 58 B 83 C
9 A 34 B 59 A 84 C
10 B 35 D 60 C 85 B
11 A 36 D 61 D 86 D
12 A 37 D 62 A 87 B
13 D 38 C 63 C 88 A
14 A 39 D 64 C 89 C
15 D 40 C 65 B 90 D
16 B 41 D 66 D 91 C
17 D 42 D 67 A 92 D
18 B 43 D 68 B 93 A
19 C 44 D 69 B 94 B
20 C 45 C 70 D 95 C
21 C 46 C 71 D 96 C
22 A 47 C 72 A 97 D
23 D 48 C 73 B 98 C
24 A 49 B 74 D 99 B
25 D 50 A 75 C 100 B

UPSC Prelims Answer Key 2024 By Clear IAS

UPSC GS Paper 1 Answer Key by Clear IAS

UPSC IAS Prelims Answer Key 2024 By Jagran Josh 

D B A   C
D D A   A
D A     D
D B C   A
B D C   A
C D D   A
C D      
C C      
B D      
A C      

  C      
  D      
  C      
         
         
      A  
      B  
      B  
      A  
B        
  • UPSC Exam Analysis 2024

How to Calculate Prelims Marks Using IAS Answer Key

The answer key is important for understanding the tentative marks in the prelims exam. Candidates can estimate their performance and likelihood of selection for the next round.  They  can calculate their marks by following the method given below:

  • First, download the answer key.
  • Second, match your answer with the answer key
  • Third, for each correct answer, give the assigned marks per the paper's marking scheme. Add all the marks
  • Fourth, check the number of incorrect answers. Multiply 0.33 with the number of wrong response
  • Fifth, Deduct the incorrect answer marks from the correct answer marks

UPSC Prelims Cutoff Marks 2024

Expected 95+/- 5
Expected 81+/- 5
Expected 79+/- 5
Expected 88+/- 5
Expected 94+/- 5

UPSC Prelims Official Answer Key 2024: Check Expected Date

How to download upsc cse 2024 answer key.

  •  Go to the official website of UPSC - https://www.upsc.gov.in
  • Click on the  examinations and then go to ‘Answer Keys’ section
  • Now, click on Civil Service (Prelims) Examination 2024 Answer Key
  • Download the PDF and check the official answer key

UPSC CSE Result 2024: Check Result Date

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GS3/Economy

CIL Awards Underground Mines to Private Players to Bolster Revenue Stream

Why in the News?

In an effort to enhance its revenue stream, national miner Coal India Ltd (CIL) has granted its abandoned coal mines to private entities on a revenue-sharing model.

About Coal (Distribution across World & India)

Coal in india (types, problems, india's dependence on coal, revenue sharing model, etc.).

News Summary

Distribution of Coal Across the World:

  • Coal serves as a widespread resource for energy and chemicals.
  • The world's proven coal reserves, usually measured in Millions of Tons of Coal Equivalent (MTCE), are predominantly controlled by five countries:
  • United States (~22 per cent)
  • Russia (~15 per cent)
  • Australia (~14 per cent)
  • China (~13 per cent)
  • India (~10 per cent)

India's Coal Reserves:

  • The commercial coal-mining industry dates back to 1774, initiated by the East India Company along the Damodar River in West Bengal.
  • Major coal supply in India originates from Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, West Bengal, and Madhya Pradesh.
  • State-owned Coal India Limited holds a virtual monopoly on Indian coal mines, contributing around 75 per cent of the coal utilized in the nation's coal-fired power plants.

Types of Coal in India:

  • India possesses four primary coal types based on carbon content and energy potential, each varying in properties and applications.

Problems With Indian Coal:

  • High Ash Content:
  • Indian coal typically exhibits high ash content, ranging from 20% to 45%, impacting its calorific value, increasing handling costs, and leading to more pollution.
  • Lower Calorific Value:
  • Domestic coal has a lower calorific value compared to imported coal, necessitating more coal consumption for energy production.
  • Limited Coking Coal:
  • India faces a shortage of high-quality coking coal crucial for steel manufacturing, thereby relying on imports, elevating costs and external dependence.
  • Environmental Concerns:
  • Coal mining and combustion significantly contribute to air and water pollution, deforestation, and climate change, posing sustainability challenges.

India's Coal Dependency for Energy:

  • Despite rising renewable energy capacities, coal still supplies approximately 70 per cent of India's electricity.
  • By 2050, coal is projected to fulfill at least 21 per cent of India's electricity needs.
  • Accessible Power Source:
  • Challenges with alternatives like nuclear energy due to cost and safety concerns.
  • India's Developmental Requirements:
  • The International Energy Agency (IEA) forecasts India to experience the greatest energy demand growth globally between 2020 and 2040, necessitating a mix of energy sources, conventional and renewable.
  • Employment Source:
  • Approximately 4 million individuals in India are employed directly or indirectly in the coal sector, with another 500,000 depending on it for pensions.
  • Government Revenue Source:
  • Coal India Limited stands as the world's largest coal mining company, contributing significantly to government revenues, both at the state and central levels.

Revenue Sharing Model for Coal Plants:

  • The revenue-sharing model involves collaboration between Coal India Ltd (CIL) and private entities.
  • Framework Structure:
  • Private entities are granted contracts to operate abandoned or underutilized coal mines on a revenue-sharing basis with CIL.
  • Revenue Distribution:
  • Revenue from coal sales is shared between CIL and private operators based on agreed-upon terms.
  • Identified Mines:
  • CIL pinpointed 23 abandoned or discontinued mines, primarily underground, with a combined peak-rated capacity of 34.14 million tonnes per annum (MTPA) and estimated reserves of 635 million tonnes (MT).
  • Operational Mechanism - Mine Developer and Operator (MDO):
  • Private operators, termed Mine Developer and Operators (MDOs), oversee coal extraction and production processes.
  • Operational Autonomy:
  • MDOs possess the freedom to select technologies, methods, and machinery for coal extraction.
  • Auction Process - Market-Driven Pricing:
  • Coal extracted from these sites is sold at market-driven rates through an auction process managed by operators on behalf of the authority.

News Summary:

  • Coal India Ltd has allocated its abandoned coal mines to private entities on a revenue-sharing model to boost domestic production and diminish imports.
  • Out of the 23 identified mines, with a total capacity of 34.14 MTPA and reserves of 635 MT, most were shut due to technical or financial reasons.
  • This initiative aims to increase industry participation, with 75% of coal excavation outsourced to private operators, targeting 90% in five years.
  • While the revenue impact is moderate (10-12%), the focus is on enhanced production efficiency and environmental advantages.
  • These mines will vend coal at market prices through auctions and support coal gasification projects.
  • CIL reported a 7.28% surge in coal production, reaching 160.25MT, and a 27% uptick in production from captive and commercial mines.

GS2/International Relations

Invisible suffering of Rohingya refugees

Why in news?

International attention is urgently needed to address the worsening mental health crisis among Rohingya refugees in India.

About Rohingya Sufferings

Trauma and Mental Health:

Rohingya refugees in Delhi experience severe trauma, including anxiety, dissociative episodes, and depression, often due to past experiences in Myanmar and ongoing re-traumatization from living conditions and violence in India.

Living Conditions:

Rohingya refugees live in shanty-like huts prone to accidental and intentionally set fires, leading to constant fear and re-traumatization.

Discrimination and Legal Status:

Officially labelled as “illegal immigrants,” Rohingya refugees face severe discrimination in India. They are denied full access to education, healthcare, legal services, and formal employment opportunities.

Detention and Deportation:

Fear of arbitrary detention and deportation is widespread, despite many having UNHCR refugee cards. At least 500 Rohingya, including women and children, are detained in centres across India without criminal charges, some for decades.

Civil Society and Funding:

Civil society organizations working with Rohingya refugees face funding challenges due to cancelled FCRA licenses. Many support programs have shut down or reduced operations, leaving few UNHCR-supported organizations to cautiously continue their work.

About unsolved Tibetan issue

Historical Background:

Tibet recognized itself as an autonomous nation under Chinese protection, while China claimed formal incorporation into its borders during the Yuan Dynasty.

The relationship between Tibet and China became increasingly strained, culminating in the 1950 Chinese invasion of Tibet and the subsequent annexation of the region.

Ongoing Challenges:

The Tibetan independence movement continues to push for greater autonomy and recognition of Tibet as a sovereign nation.

The Chinese government maintains strict control over information and suppresses any dissent or opposition to its rule in Tibet.

Current Situation:

Over the last seven years, the Tibetan refugee community in India has dropped by 44 percent, from around 150,000 in 2011 to 85,000, according to Indian government data.

Many Tibetans face economic uncertainty due to limited job opportunities and restrictions on property ownership and bank credit.

Tibetans are not officially recognized as refugees in India, instead being designated as “foreigners” under Indian law.

India has no national refugee law, and its policies are not in accordance with international standards.

Way forward:

Implement National Refugee Law:

Advocate for the establishment of a comprehensive national refugee law in India that aligns with international standards, ensuring legal recognition, protection, and access to basic rights and services for all refugees, including Rohingya and Tibetans.

Enhance Mental Health Support:

Develop and fund specialized mental health programs for refugees, focusing on trauma-informed care. This includes training local healthcare providers, increasing access to mental health services, and creating safe spaces for refugees to receive consistent psychological support.

Refugees should not be turned back to the country where they would face persecution or human right violation”. Examine the statement with reference to the ethical dimension being violated by the nation claiming to be democratic with an open society. (UPSC IAS/2021)

Enviro & Biodiversity

Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary

The recent monsoon showers have brought a sense of relief to the wildlife inhabiting Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary, particularly benefiting the vulnerable one-horned rhinoceros population by alleviating the challenges posed by scorching temperatures.

About Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary

  • Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary boasts one of the highest concentrations of one-horned rhinoceros worldwide, standing as the second most populated reserve after Kaziranga National Park in Assam.
  • Referred to as 'Mini Kaziranga,' Pobitora showcases a landscape and flora akin to its more famous counterpart.
  • Within its bounds, the sanctuary provides a refuge for numerous endangered species, including one-horned rhinoceroses, leopards, leopard cats, fishing cats, jungle cats, feral buffaloes, wild pigs, and Chinese pangolins.
  • Around 72% of Pobitora's expanse consists of a wet savannah dominated by Arundo donax and Saccharum grasses, while the remainder is characterized by various water bodies.

About One-Horned Rhino

  • IUCN Red List Status: The one-horned rhinoceros is classified as Vulnerable according to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  • Habitat: One-horned rhinoceroses primarily inhabit regions in Assam, West Bengal, and Uttar Pradesh. Assam alone harbors an estimated 2,640 rhinos across four protected areas, namely Pobitora Wildlife Reserve, Rajiv Gandhi Orang National Park, Kaziranga National Park, and Manas National Park.
  • An approximate count of 2,400 rhinoceroses can be found in the Kaziranga National Park and Tiger Reserve (KNPTR).

Past Year Question (PYQ):

Consider the following statements: The Asian lion is exclusively native to India The double-humped camel is solely found in India The one-horned rhinoceros is a unique inhabitant of India Which of the statements provided above is/are accurate? (a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2, and 3

GS3/Environment

STRATEGIC IMPERATIVE AND ENVIRONMENT CONCERN IN GREAT NICOBAR PROJECT

The proposed Rs 72,000-crore infra upgrade at the Great Nicobar Island has raised concerns about the impact on the island's indigenous inhabitants and fragile ecosystem. The Congress party is demanding the immediate suspension of all clearances for the project and a thorough review.

Key Takeaways

  • Great Nicobar Island is the southernmost and largest of the Nicobar Islands, characterized by tropical rainforests and diverse wildlife.
  • Indira Point on the island marks India's southernmost point, located close to Sumatra, Indonesia.
  • The island hosts two national parks, a biosphere reserve, tribal populations, and unique ecosystems.
  • Its natural features include tropical wet evergreen forests, mountain ranges, and coastal plains.
  • The leatherback sea turtle is a significant species found on the island.

Project Details

  • The project for the holistic development of Great Nicobar Island was initiated based on a report by NITI Aayog.
  • A pre-feasibility report highlighted the strategic location of the island for regional connectivity.
  • The project aims to enhance the island's infrastructure and participation in the maritime economy.

Environmental Concerns

  • Opponents of the project argue that it threatens the rights of tribal populations and could harm the island's ecology.
  • Critics are concerned about the potential impact on vulnerable tribal groups like the Shompen and local wildlife.
  • The development could lead to deforestation and habitat destruction, affecting marine and terrestrial species.

Project Implementation

  • The Great Nicobar project is planned to be executed in three phases over the next 30 years.
  • The proposed components include an International Container Transhipment Terminal, an international airport, a power plant, and a dedicated township.
  • The designated site for the ICTT and power plant is Galathea Bay on the southeastern corner of Great Nicobar Island.

PRO-TERM SPEAKER

Prelims – POLITY

  • Senior Congress leader K Suresh is likely to be appointed as pro-tem Speaker in the 18th Lok Sabha.
  • The first session of the 18th Lok Sabha is scheduled from June 24 to July 3.
  • A pro-tem Speaker is chosen to swear in the new Members of Parliament until the new Speaker is elected.

What is a pro-tem Speaker?

  • The Speaker of the Lok Sabha has specific duties according to Article 94 of the Indian Constitution.
  • The pro-tem Speaker, chosen temporarily, performs key duties until the new Speaker is elected.
  • The official 'Handbook on the Working of Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs' discusses the Appointment and Swearing in of Speaker pro tempore.

How is the pro-tem Speaker chosen?

  • When the Speaker post becomes vacant, a Member of the House is appointed by the President as Speaker pro tem.
  • The pro-tem Speaker's primary duty is to administer oaths to new MPs.
  • The seniormost members of the Lok Sabha are generally chosen for this purpose.

Administering oaths to new MPs

  • The Minister of Parliamentary Affairs seeks approval from the President for the appointment of the Speaker pro-tem and three members for oath-taking.
  • Following approval, the Speaker pro-tem and other members are informed of their appointments.
  • The President administers the oath to the Speaker pro-tem, who then administers oaths to the other members.

Indian Express

GS1/Indian Society

A story of displacement to one of empowerment

Over 45% of Sri Lankan Tamils in Tamil Nadu's rehabilitation camps were born in India, per a recent interim report by a State government panel.

Causes of Tamilian Displacement

Ethnocentric Violence:

The primary cause of displacement was the ethnocentric violence in Sri Lanka, particularly against the Tamil population. The violence led to significant loss of life and property, forcing Tamils to flee for their safety.

Proximity and Linguistic Commonality:

Many Tamils chose India, particularly Tamil Nadu, due to its geographical proximity and the shared Tamil language, making it a more accessible and familiar refuge.

Government Initiatives

Provision of Basic Amenities:

Refugees receive free housing, electricity, water, and monthly food rations. Additionally, they get a monthly cash dole.

Educational Support:

Access to government schools is provided, along with a monthly stipend of ₹1,000 for those pursuing higher education. One-time educational support includes ₹12,000 for arts and science students and ₹50,000 for engineering students.

Welfare Schemes:

Refugees are eligible for various welfare schemes available to the people of Tamil Nadu, including the women's rights scheme providing ₹1,000 per month.

New Housing:

Recently, the Government of Tamil Nadu has constructed new homes for about 5,000 Sri Lankan Tamils.

Bringing Back Dignity

Educational Achievements:

The welfare schemes have led to 100% school enrollment and over 4,500 graduates from the camps.

Breaking Caste Barriers:

As refugees, Sri Lankan Tamils are categorized under the Refugee category, which has helped in breaking free from caste barriers.

Government Recognition:

The renaming of refugee camps to Sri Lankan Tamil Rehabilitation Camps is a step towards restoring the dignity of the displaced population.

Advocacy and Support:

Continuous advocacy by organizations like OfERR, support from donors, and political parties have facilitated the patronage extended by the Government of Tamil Nadu and the Government of India.

Current Challenges

Legal Limitations:

Indian laws currently do not permit local integration by granting citizenship to Sri Lankan refugees.

Economic and Health Crises:

The COVID-19 pandemic and the economic crisis in Sri Lanka have slowed down the process of refugees returning to their homeland.

Uncertain Future:

Despite the improvements in their living conditions and dignity, Sri Lankan Tamils in India continue to live with uncertainty about their long-term future.

Way forward

Amend Legal Frameworks:

Advocate for amendments in Indian laws to allow for local integration and citizenship for long-term refugees, providing them with a secure legal status and equal rights.

Strengthen Economic Opportunities:

Develop targeted economic empowerment programs, including vocational training and employment initiatives, to enhance self-sufficiency and reduce dependency on state support, ensuring a sustainable livelihood for the refugees.

Q 'India is an age-old friend of Sri Lanka.' Discuss India's role in the recent crisis in Sri Lanka in the light of the preceding statement (UPSC IAS/2022)

NHRC Notice to Centre on Worker Rights Violation in Haryana

The National Human Right Commission (NHRC) has issued a notice to the Centre following reports from an Amazon company's warehouse in Haryana's Manesar. Workers were reportedly coerced into refraining from taking breaks for basic needs like using the restroom or accessing water until unloading six trucks after a 30-minute tea break.

NHRC's Observations and Actions

  • NHRC considers this a severe violation of human rights, potentially infringing upon labor laws and Ministry directives.
  • A notice has been sent to the Secretary of the Union Ministry of Labour and Employment, requesting a comprehensive report within a week.

About National Human Rights Commission (NHRC)

  • Establishment
  • It is a statutory body, established under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993.
  • Investigate any human rights violations.
  • Suggest immediate interim relief to victims or their families.
  • Intervene in legal proceedings related to human rights violations.
  • Review constitutional and legal safeguards for human rights.
  • Examine international instruments on human rights.
  • Promote awareness about human rights.
  • Support the activities of NGOs working in the human rights domain.
  • It regulates its own procedures and possesses the powers of a civil court.
  • Its proceedings have a judicial nature.
  • Chairperson
  • The Chairperson must be a former Justice of the Supreme Court or Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, appointed by the President of India.
  • There are four full-time members, including a Chairperson who is a former Supreme Court Justice or Chief Justice, and other members who are former Judges of the Supreme Court or former Chief Justices of High Courts.
  • Three members should have knowledge or experience in human rights, including at least one woman.
  • There are also seven ex-officio members, including Chairpersons of National Commissions and the Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities.
  • Appointment
  • Appointments are made by the President based on a committee's recommendation, which includes various officials.
  • There is a consultation with the Chief Justice of India for judicial appointments.
  • Removal is done by order of the President of India, following consultation with the Supreme Court.
  • Terms of Office
  • Members hold office for three years or until the age of 70, with ineligibility for further government employment after the term ends. Reappointment is possible.
  • Salaries are determined by the Central government.
  • The NHRC submits annual or special reports to the Central government and the respective State government.
  • Reports are presented before the legislatures, along with a note on actions taken regarding the recommendations.
  • Limitations
  • The commission cannot investigate matters beyond one year from the alleged date of the human rights violation.
  • Its functions are advisory in nature and lack the authority to penalize or provide relief to offenders.
  • It has a restricted role in addressing violations by the armed forces.

Government Initiatives for Worker Welfare in India:

  • Description
  • Constitutional Framework
  • Labor falls under the Concurrent List, allowing both Central and State governments to enact laws.
  • Articles 14, 16, and 39(c) ensure principles of equality and welfare.
  • Judicial Interpretation under Randhir Singh vs Union of India (1982)
  • The case supports 'Equal pay for Equal work' through constitutional provisions, fostering fairness in employment.
  • Legislative Framework
  • Introduction of four labor codes:
  • Code of Wages, 2019: Standardizes wage payments across sectors.
  • Industrial Relations Code, 2020: Consolidates laws concerning industrial disputes and trade unions.
  • Social Security Code, 2020: Expands social security benefits for workers.
  • Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020: Ensures safety and welfare standards at workplaces.
  • "Shramev Jayate" Initiative
  • Commenced in 2014 to enhance welfare initiatives for workers.
  • Maternity Benefit Amendment Act, 2017
  • Extends paid maternity leave from 12 to 26 weeks, supporting maternal health and childcare.
  • [2015] "The success of the 'Make in India' program hinges on the triumph of the 'Skill India' program and substantial labor reforms." Discuss with logical arguments.
  • [2011] Consider the following:
  • Right to education.
  • Right to equal access to public service.
  • Right to food.
  • Which of the above is/are Human Right/Rights under the "Universal Declaration of Human Rights"?
  • 1 and 2 only

GS1/History & Culture

Revival of Ancient Nalanda Mahavihara

The Prime Minister of India inaugurated the new campus of Nalanda University in Rajgir, Bihar. The new campus is near the ancient ruins of Nalanda University, which was established through the Nalanda University Act 2010, enacted following a decision made at the 2nd East Asia Summit in the Philippines in 2007.

What's in Today's Article?

The ancient nalanda mahavihara, revival of nalanda university, features of the new nalanda university campus, highlights of the pm's address at the new nalanda university inauguration.

  • Nalanda was a renowned Buddhist mahavihara (great monastery) in ancient and medieval Magadha (modern-day Bihar), near the city of Rajagriha (now Rajgir) and about 90 kms southeast of Pataliputra (now Patna).
  • It was established by Kumargupta I - the ruler of Gupta Empire (c. 3rd to 6th century CE), and is considered to be among the greatest centres of learning in the ancient world.
  • It played a vital role in promoting the patronage of arts and academics during the 5th and 6th century CE, a period that has since been described as the "Golden Age of India" by scholars.
  • The chronicles of seventh-century Chinese traveler Hsuan Tsang provide the most detailed description of ancient Nalanda.
  • After Guptas, Nalanda continued to thrive with the support of the rulers of the Pala Empire and may have been attacked (in 1190s) and damaged by Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khalji - a Turko-Afghan military general.
  • After being lost for six centuries, the university was rediscovered in 1812 by Scottish surveyor Francis Buchanan-Hamilton.
  • Later (in 1861), it was officially identified as the ancient university by Sir Alexander Cunningham.
  • The current site of Nalanda is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and the Government of India enacted a law in 2010 to revive the famous university.
  • In an effort to restore its legacy, the proposition to re-establish Nalanda University was put forth by former president Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam in 2006.
  • In 2007, the proposal to resurrect Nalanda was supported at the East Asia Summit in Mandaue, Philippines, and was reaffirmed in the East Asia Summit of 2009, in Hua Hin, Thailand.
  • This vision gained traction with the passage of the Nalanda University Bill in 2010 in the Indian Parliament, leading to its operational commencement in 2014 from a temporary location near Rajgir.
  • Former president Pranab Mukherjee laid the groundwork for the permanent campus in 2016 at Pilkhi village, Rajgir.
  • The design of the university, spread across 455 acres of land, blends modern and ancient architectural styles.
  • The new campus incorporates eco-friendly architecture, ensuring a net-zero carbon footprint.
  • The university currently houses six schools encompassing Buddhist studies, historical studies, ecology, sustainable development, languages, literature, and international relations.
  • Additionally, it accommodates four centers specializing in Bay of Bengal Studies, Indo-Persian Studies, Conflict Resolution, and a Common Archival Resource Center.
  • Nalanda University signifies that knowledge is resilient and cannot be eradicated by fire.
  • Nalanda University will contribute to the concept of global brotherhood and serve as a symbol of India's progress.
  • The Revival of Nalanda will showcase India's capabilities to the world and aid in establishing India as a global center for knowledge and education.
  • History demonstrates that all advanced nations became economic and cultural leaders only after excelling in the realm of education.

EUROPEAN COMMISSION (EC)

The European Commission (EC) has suggested imposing anti-dumping tariffs on Indian optical fiber cable (OFC) producers. If put into effect, these tariffs could raise the prices of Indian OFC exports, potentially reducing their competitiveness in the European market. In 2024, India shipped nearly Rs 39,600 crore worth of OFC, with Europe being a key destination.

About EUROPEAN COMMISSION (EC) :

  • The European Commission (EC) plays a critical role within the European Union (EU).
  • It acts as the EU's executive branch, overseeing day-to-day operations and policy execution.

Composition:

  • The EC comprises a College of Commissioners, with each member representing one of the 27 EU member states.
  • The College of Commissioners includes the President of the Commission, eight Vice-Presidents (including three Executive Vice-Presidents), the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, and 18 Commissioners, each overseeing a specific portfolio.
  • The daily management of Commission affairs is handled by its staff (such as lawyers and economists) organized into departments called Directorates-General (DGs), each focusing on a particular policy area.

What does the Commission do?

  • Proposes new legislation: The Commission is the only EU body that proposes laws for approval by the Parliament and the Council to safeguard the EU's and its citizens' interests on matters that cannot be effectively addressed at the national level.
  • Manages EU policies & allocates EU funding:
  • Establishes EU spending priorities in collaboration with the Council and Parliament.
  • Prepares annual budgets for endorsement by the Parliament and Council.
  • Oversees how the funds are utilized, subject to review by the Court of Auditors.
  • Enforces EU regulations:
  • Ensures proper application of EU laws in all member countries together with the Court of Justice.
  • Represents the EU globally:
  • Speaks on behalf of all EU nations in international forums, especially in trade policy and humanitarian assistance realms.
  • Negotiates international agreements on behalf of the EU.

Daily Practice MCQs

  • European Commission is the EU’s politically independent executive arm.
  • Ursula von der Leyen is the current president of European Commission.
  • Both 1 and 2
  • Neither 1 nor 2
  • It aims to transform rural India through the empowerment of rural Women as Krishi Sakhi, by imparting training and certification of Krishi Sakhis as Para-extension Workers.
  • 1 and 3 only
  • The Ghaggar river flows through how many of the above-mentioned states in India?

GS3/International Relations

India's $10 Million Contribution to Global Digital Health Initiative Delayed

The Global Initiative on Digital Health (GIDH) was initiated during India's G20 Presidency at the Health Ministers' meeting in Gujarat in August 2023 and later became part of the New Delhi declaration. India had committed a $10 million contribution as a seed fund. While the GIDH officially commenced in February 2024, India has yet to fulfill its $10 million commitment due to the Department of Economic Affairs (Ministry of Finance) not sanctioning the contribution.

What's in today's article?

Digital health

  • Digital health involves leveraging technology, such as mobile devices, software applications, and other digital tools, to enhance health and healthcare delivery.
  • This interdisciplinary concept amalgamates technology and healthcare, encompassing various technologies and services like telemedicine, electronic health records, wearable devices, and health information exchange.

Noteworthy examples in India include CoWIN, UNICEF's RapidPro, and FamilyConnect:

  • RapidPro, a real-time information platform, is a core element in UNICEF's digital health repertoire.
  • FamilyConnect dispatches targeted life cycle-based messages through SMS to expectant mothers, new mothers, heads of households, and others.

Importance of digital health:

  • Empowering patients by offering a comprehensive view of their health through data access and control.
  • Digital tools aid in disease treatment, prevention, and managing chronic conditions.
  • Additional benefits include reducing inefficiencies, enhancing access, cutting costs, improving quality, and customizing medicine for patients.
  • Digital health contributes to achieving universal health coverage goals by ensuring the availability, accessibility, affordability, and equity of health services.

Challenges of digital health:

  • Ensuring equitable access is a challenge, particularly for low- and middle-income countries due to issues such as low digital literacy and internet penetration.
  • Ethical dilemmas concerning privacy, security, and data ownership emerge with the increasing digitization of healthcare.
  • Data management encounters obstacles due to the diversity of data sources and systems.

Goals of GIDH:

  • Aligning efforts to bolster the Global Strategy on Digital Health 2020-2025.
  • Providing quality-assured technical guidance for developing interoperable systems aligned with global standards.
  • Facilitating the utilization of digital transformation tools for governments.

Pillars of GIDH:

  • Investment tracker.
  • Ask tracker to identify required technologies.
  • A library of accessible digital tools.
  • A platform for sharing knowledge to implement these technologies on a large scale.

Strategies employed by GIDH:

  • Formulating priority-driven investment plans for digital health transformation.
  • Enhancing reporting and transparency of digital health resources.
  • Promoting knowledge exchange and collaboration to hasten progress.
  • Offering technical and financial assistance for executing the Global Strategy on Digital Health 2020-2025.
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UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper [GS Paper I and II]

Last updated on June 20, 2024 by ClearIAS Team

UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper

The date of the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination 2024 is June 16, 2024.

The examination comprises two objective-type papers: GS Paper I and GS Paper II.

Table of Contents

Download UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper PDF: General Studies Paper 1

  • UPSC CSE Prelims 2024 Question Paper: GS Paper 1 (Download PDF)

Download UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper PDF: General Studies Paper 2 (CSAT)

  • UPSC CSE Prelims 2024 Question Paper: GS Paper 2 (CSAT)

UPSC Prelims 2024 Answer Key

Download UPSC Prelims 2024 Answer Key

UPSC Prelims 2024: Exam Timings

  • General Studies Paper 1 Exam Timings: 9.30 AM – 11.30 AM
  • General Studies Paper 2 Exam Timings: 2.30 PM – 4.30 PM

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UPSC Prelims 2024 Cut-Off

The official cut-off of UPSC CSE Prelims 2023 was 75.41/200.

Last year, one question from the General Studies Paper 1 was dropped.

UPSC usually decalares the official cut-off only after the whole exam cycle is over.

Read: UPSC Prelims 2024 Cut Off Marks Analysis

The UPSC Civil Services Examination (CSE) is a comprehensive examination that requires thorough preparation and a strategic approach.

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COMMENTS

  1. UPSC Essay Topic wise Question Papers of last 30 years (1993-2022)

    Download free PDFs of essay question papers of UPSC mains examination for civil services IAS/IPS exam. Find topics, model answers and syllabus of essay paper for UPSC 2023 and previous years.

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  5. Previous Year Question Papers

    Previous Year Question Papers. Search Exam Name. Apply. Year: 2024. Civil Services (Preliminary) Examination, 2024. General Studies Paper - I. General Studies Paper - II. National Defence Academy and Naval Academy Examination (I), 2024. General Ability Test.

  6. Essay Paper UPSC 2023 (Mains) Question Paper and Analysis

    Essay Question Paper: UPSC Civil Services Main Exam (Written) 2023. The question paper of the UPSC CSE mains essay paper is provided here. Write two essays, choosing one topic from each of the following Sections A and B, in about 1000-1200 words each: Section A. 1: Thinking is like a game, it does not begin unless there is an opposite team.

  7. ESSAY QUESTION PAPER : UPSC Civil Services IAS Exam MAINS 2022

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  9. Essay Paper UPSC 2020 (Mains): Question Paper and Analysis

    Last updated on January 9, 2021 by ClearIAS Team. Please find the questions in the Essay Paper of UPSC 2020 Civil Services Mains Examination (written). UPSC conducted the Essay Paper, as part of the Civil Services Main Exam 2020 on 08-01-2021. There were 8 Essay topics, out of which candidates were asked to write on two topics in 3 hours.

  10. Essay Paper UPSC 2021 (Mains): Question Paper and Analysis

    UPSC conducted the Essay Paper, as part of the Civil Services Main Exam 2021 on 07-01-2022. There were 8 Essay topics, out of which candidates were asked to write on two topics in 3 hours. Candidates were supposed to answer about 1000 words for each essay (about 10-12 pages).

  11. [Download] UPSC Mains-2020 Essay Paper with last 28 YEARS ...

    2020's Essay Paper in linear/sequential format. UPSC-CSM20-Essay: Section-A. UPSC-CSM20-Essay: Section-B. Topic wise Essays of last 28 years (1993-2020) 1 India: Democracy, administration, Society, culture. 1.1 India Since Independence. 1.2 Federalism, Decentralization. 1.3 Administration.

  12. Last 25 Years Topic-wise Essay Questions From UPSC Mains (1994

    In this article, we have listed all the essay topics asked in the UPSC mains exam from 1994 to 2018. We have also classified the last 25 years essay questions into topics to make your preparation easier. Latest - See the UPSC Essay Topics in the IAS Mains 2020 Essay Paper. Download UPSC Mains 2020 Essay Paper from the linked article.

  13. UPSC Mains 2021 Essay Question Paper

    UPSC 2021 Mains Essay Question Paper PDF. In the UPSC Essay paper, there are two sections, namely Section A and Section B. Each section consists of four questions. The aspirants have to choose one topic from each section and in total have to answer 2 essay questions. Each essay question has to be answered with a word limit ranging from 1000 ...

  14. Essay (UPSC Mains)

    2021. Your perception of me is a reflection of you; my reaction to you is an awareness of me. Philosophy of wantlessness is Utopian, while materialism is a chimera. The real is rational and the rational is real. Hand that rocks the cradle rules the world. History repeats itself, first as a tragedy, second as a farce.

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  16. [Download pdf] UPSC IAS Mains 2022

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  17. UPSC Essay Topics From PYQs (2013-2022)

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  18. Essay UPSC Topic wise Previous Year Questions (1993-2023)

    The importance of practicing Essay Papers from previous year questions (PYQ) topic-wise, with the aim of achieving high marks for a better rank in the UPSC Civil Services Examination, cannot be overstated. The Essay Paper in UPSC CSE Mains carries a weightage of 250 marks. Therefore, the percentage of total marks covered by the Essay Paper is ...

  19. UPSC Mains 2018

    Don't lose out without playing the right game! Follow the ClearIAS Prelims cum Mains (PCM) Integrated Approach. UPSC conducted the Essay Paper, as part of Civil Services Main Exam 2018 on 28-09-2018. Aspirants can now download essay question paper (scroll down and use the print-PDF option).

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    In this paper, candidates need to write two essays, each with a word limit of 1000-1200 words. Moreover, they are required to choose one IAS essay topic out of the four options in each section i.e. A and B. The UPSC essay paper is conducted for 250 marks with one essay UPSC paper for 125 marks. Therefore, aspirants should use the best books and ...

  21. Topic Wise UPSC Prelims Questions (PYQs), PDF Download

    In this article, aspirants will find topic-wise UPSC Prelims questions carefully compiled from the last 10 years' question papers, from 2023 to 2013. Topic Wise UPSC Prelims Questions PDF. By going through the topic-wise UPSC Prelims questions PDF, aspirants can assess their knowledge and identify areas where they need to improve.

  22. UPSC Mains Theme Wise PYQ List

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  23. UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper Download [pdf]

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  24. UPSC Prelims 2024 Question Paper in Hindi, Download PDF!

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  25. Vision IAS Current Affairs Monthly Magazine April 2024 PDF

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  26. Essay Paper UPSC 2022 (Mains): Question Paper and Analysis

    Please find the questions in the Essay Paper of the UPSC 2022 Civil Services Mains Examination (written). UPSC conducted the Essay Paper, as part of the Civil Services Main Exam 2022 on 16-09-2022. The question paper was not as shocking as last year. There were 8 Essay topics, out of which candidates were asked to write on two topics in 3 hours.

  27. UPSC Answer Key 2024: Download Prelims CSE PDF for Paper 1, 2 by

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