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Essay Paper UPSC 2021 (Mains): Question Paper and Analysis

Last updated on January 8, 2022 by Alex Andrews George

UPSC conducted the  Essay Paper , as part of the Civil Services Main Exam 2021 on 07-01-2022.

There were 8 Essay topics, out of which candidates were asked to write on two topics in 3 hours.

Candidates were supposed to answer about 1000 words for each essay (about 10-12 pages).

Table of Contents

Essay Paper UPSC 2021 Instructions

• Total Marks: 250 marks, Time duration: 3 hours.
• The essay must be written in the medium authorized in the admission certificate which must be stated clearly on the cover of this question-cum-answer (QCA) booklet in the space provided.
• No marks will be given for answers written in the medium other than the authorized one.
• Word limit, as specified, should be adhered to.
• Any page or portion of the page left blank, must be struck off clearly.

Essay Question Paper – UPSC Civil Services Main Exam (Written) 2021

Write  two  essays, choosing  one  topic from each of the following Sections A and B, in about 1000-1200 words each:

1. The process of self-discovery has now been technologically outsourced.

2. Your perception of me is a reflection of you; my reaction to you is an awareness of me.

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3. Philosophy of wantlessness is Utopian, while materialism is a chimera.

4. The real is rational and the rational is real.

5. Hand that rocks the cradle rules the world.

6. What is research, but a blind date with knowledge!

7. History repeats itself, first as a tragedy, second as a farce.

8. There are better practices to “best practices”.

Most of the essays topics this year were philosophical and open to the interpretation of the candidates. However, considering the philosophical base of the questions, most candidates found the questions tricky. It was not easy to write 1000 words on each topic within the time constraints.

UPSC has ensured that the essay topics were much different from the GS questions.

A philosophical theme is clearly evident in most of the essay topics in Section A as well as Section B. This was the case in 2020 as well. However, this year it became much more prominent. It is a clue about what UPSC expects from the essay paper.

Rather than asking candidates to write on topics most aspirants are familiar or trained with, UPSC is now evaluating the essay writing skills of aspirants by providing them with abstract or philosophical topics.

The reason for such a shift in the pattern should be the change in the focus of the Commission.

All the 8 topics presented this year will test spontaneous thinking, comprehension, writing skills, and time-management of aspirants.

Repeated questions from previous years

The importance of the previous year UPSC questions cannot be stressed more.

Just like prelims, in mains too many questions came directly repeated from previous year question papers. Also, there were themes you often see in many essay books.

One such question was Hand that rocks the cradle rules the world.

Thinkers, Philosophers, and their Quotes

Let’s analyse the source of some of the question topics.

Your perception of me is a reflection of you; my reaction to you is an awareness of me.

This essay topic was a quote going rounds on the internet. The quote is attributed to “Coach Bobbi” [Bobbi Chegwyn] on Facebook.

Philosophy of wantlessness is Utopian, while materialism is a chimera.

This essay topic was connected with J.K. Mehta’s Theory of Wantlessness!

This has also connections with Mahatma Gandhi’s philosophy.

The real is rational and the rational is real.

This is a quote by Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel .

As per Hegel, something can be real, yet it may not exist. Also, something may not be real, it may still exist. For Hegel, reality does not mean existence.

Among philosophers, Hegel is one whose thought is extremely difficult to understand. Often to understand Hegel’s thoughts, we need to grasp his ideas, not in isolation but together with his dialogue with other philosophers, in particular, Aristotle and Kant.

The hand that rocks the cradle rules the world.

“The Hand That Rocks the Cradle Is the Hand That Rules the World” is a poem by William Ross Wallace that praises motherhood as the preeminent force for change in the world. The poem was first published in 1865 under the title “ What Rules the World “.

What is research, but a blind date with knowledge!

This is a quote by Will Harvey . Will Harvey (born 1967) is an American software developer and Silicon Valley entrepreneur.

History repeats itself, first as a tragedy, second as a farce.

It was Karl Marx who said that history repeats itself, first as tragedy, then as farce.

First, it’s a tragedy because it shouldn’t have happened. Then it’s a farce (joke) because we didn’t learn from our mistakes the first time around. This is Marx’s version of dark humour.

What should aspirants preparing for next year do for an essay paper?

First of all, you should take the essay paper seriously.

Unless properly trained, it is not easy to write 10-12 pages on an abstract or philosophical topic.

You need to polish your comprehension and analytical skills.

Read different kinds of essays – particularly philosophical essays.

Give stress to the thoughts of philosophers like Immanuel Kant, Thomas Aquinas, John Locke, Friedrich Niche, Karl Marx etc. Start writing essays on famous quotes.

Also, be prepared to write essays touching other areas like society, polity, economy, or technology. UPSC is known for surprises.

Remember that there is nothing like a constant trend with respect to UPSC questions.

What you get by analysing the previous year question papers are clues. And only those are what you need from UPSC questions!

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Reader Interactions

January 8, 2022 at 11:36 am

Upsc has chosen right path to evaluate person.one person read, listen ,rember and write in exam.He qualify exam.He is just like computer.worthy less people selected by upsc every year.They are not thinker.so our country is intellectually insolvent.civil services requires thinker to. progess country and welfare of common man.These types of question evaluate intellectual for the welfare of human being.

January 9, 2022 at 1:44 pm

You are putting the quality of a leader and a literate society in such a person who just has to follow his supremes.He/She must be a good analyst. That’s it!!!

June 13, 2022 at 12:41 pm

in the bureaucracy – there is no space for logical thinking.

once you clear the exams and get appointed – you have to follow the “protocol’ or “procedures” – its difficult to be analytical and innovative – bcos the system demands obedience and adherence to the protocol. If you follow the protocol – and even if lot of people are severely affected – you wont be taken to task. But if you are innovative – and even if ONE person gets affected – you will be punished.

January 8, 2022 at 4:02 pm

Yeah!I’ve passed upsc .

January 25, 2022 at 2:21 pm

I have written Essay on three topics..how may I share?

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(Download) CS (MAIN) EXAM:2021 English Compulsory

Exam Name: CS (MAIN) EXAM:2021  English Compulsory Marks: 250 Time  Allowed :  Three Hours

Year : 2021

1. Write an essay in about 600 words on any one of the following topics : 100 

(a) Social Media : A Challenge to Societal Harmony  (b) The Role of NGOs in Social Change  (c) Education as a Means to Serve Humanity  (d) The Crying Need for Embracing Minimalism 

2. Read the passage given below carefully and write your answers to the questions that follow in clear, correct and concise language : 15x5=75 

Life on planet earth has been possible for millions of years largely because of certain basic services associated with the biosphere. Important among these are : Climate and radiation regulation; Microbial transformations and decomposition; Biological diversity; and Opportunities for sustainable advances in biological productivity. 

We now find ourselves in a state where these essential services are in jeopardy, largely as a result of human induced damage to the basic life support systems of land, water, flora, fauna and the atmosphere. Symptoms of an impending and general breakdown of the life support and ecological systems are already here. Some of these are mounting population growth; vanishing source of drinking water; vanishing forests, plants and animal biodiversity; intensifying drought and floods; loss of grazing lands; growing degradation of fertile land and desertification; deterioration of the quality of air and water; accumulation of toxic and non-biodegradable wastes in the biosphere; explosive growth of rural and urban unemployment and mushrooming of urban slums. It is the poor and the marginalized urban and rural people who are suffering most from such environmental breakdown. 

The threats to climate change and radiation regulation are receiving the most prominent public attention largely because of all-pervasive nature of their potential harmful impact. “Our Common Future” the report of the World Commi Environment and Development by the United Nations is indicative that ecologically the fates of people whether rich or poor everywhere are interwined. Recent reports on the state of the world paint a frightening picture of the rapid depletion of the world's natural resources coupled with rising social and economic problems. They reflect the widespread frustration about the inability of current approaches to solve the interlinked problems of environment and development and call for major changes in the way people think, use the finite resources of earth and programme their development. Developing countries like ours are faced with the urgent need for accelerating economic growth in a manner that the poor become the main beneficiaries and not the rich. We should also avoid proceeding on those developmental paths where environmental costs are high and the developmental activities cannot be sustained for long. The new paradigm of development should promote economic activities and life-styles based on the concept of “man with nature” and not “man against nature”.  Today, we are passing through an era of global change whether it is in politics. or economics. Inequity in the resource distribution and consumption between the developed and the developing nations of world has become most apparent. The earth is undergoing drastic climatic changes. The last few years have been the warmest ones ever recorded. The heat trap works differently in different latitudes and altitudes having a tremendous effect on major crops like wheat. The protective ozone layer is being slowly damaged giving rise to medical problems for human beings and affecting several plants and their yield, animals and their behaviour Though the causes of pollution of our soils, lakes and vegetation are different, the effect is the same. Mercilessly everyday pristine wild habitats are being destroyed. Nearly half of our country is tilled for agriculture and only 11 per cent of the land area has to bear the brunt of growing population, housing, roads and factories and its “carrying capacity” is under severe stress.  The dreaded nuclear autumn or nuclear winter is a potential threat to the environment which might result in large scale habitat destruction, species extinction, air pollution, toxic chemicals, acid rain, ozone depletion etc. A nuclear non proliferation movement with abolition of nuclear weapons, has to be spearheaded enthusiatically. 

Experts have predicted that serious food shortages could occur during this decade. Such a prognosis is based on three major factors – Soil erosion; Unsustainable utilization of groundwater; and Deforestation. They are together reducing the global potential for food production by nearly 14 million tonnes each year. New technologies, including biotechnology, are unlikely to help in achieving a quantum jump in productivity improvement at least during this decade. Due to the continuing damage to the ecological foundations of stable and sustainable agriculture, land degradation and water depletion ecological access to food may become the most important food security challenge of the 21st century. 

(a) According to the passage what are the factors responsible for the evolution of life on earth ?  (b) What does the author mean by environmental breakdown ? What are its  impacts ?  (c) What suggestions does the author offer to balance environment, development and inequity in consumption ?  (d) How is life on earth being affected by climate change as per the passage ?  (e) How is environmental breakdown related to probable food shortage ? 15 

3. Make a précis of the following passage in about one-third of its length. Do not give a title to it. The précis should be written in your own language : 75 

Recent decades have witnessed an upsurge of literature on Indians settled abroad. Mainly three types of writings can be distinguished : historical, diplomatic and anthropological. The historical works provide an account of the phases of emigration of Indians and their early life situations in foreign lands. The diplomatic works read like country reports on the status and problems of Indians beyond seas. The anthropological works are in the nature of ethnographic accounts with their accent on cultural continuity and change.  Varieties of writings apart, the existing literature shares three notable features in common. One, much of it is in the form of country-specific profiles. Cross-country comparisons are few and far between. Two, most of it is descriptive, with analytical ideas and imaginative hypotheses in short supply. Three, for most part, it tends to project the problem in colonial perspective.  There are broadly two ways in which the problem of Indians abroad has been looked at: the colonial and the nationalist. The colonial way maintains that Indians went abroad driven by their domestic economic compulsions, or greed or avarice; that they were 'heathens', lazy, cunning and quarrelsome; that they tended to cling tenaciously to their culture in order to make up for the loss on economic front or to cope with their status loss on the social front; that they were so carried away by their desire to grab wealth and power that they had no compunction at throwing the natives out of employment and power in the latter's own lands; and, that their difficulties in foreign countries were largely of their own making. All this is clearly indicative of the way colonialists and their ideologues look at the problem and would have us look at it.  As against this, the nationalist way contends that in most cases Indians did not go abroad on their own, but were indeed taken, taken under various arrangements as instruments of colonial domination; that they were not led by their own predatory instincts, instead they were lured and duped by colonial designs; that they did not plunder the country they went to, instead they served its development needs and worked hard to better the lot of its residents; that they were not lazy but industrious, not cunning but thrifty, not indolent but enterprising; that they had been tolerated only as long as they were prepared to play second fiddle to the natives, but once they began to assert their rights they were pushed out; and, that their difficulties in foreign lands were not of their own making, but of the making of neo-colonial powers which keep playing political games in the Third World countries.  In the study of Indians abroad it is the functionalist orientation that predominates. This is evident from the fact that the existing literature is preoccupied with the question of the cultural identity and integration, to the relative neglect of the question of class and power. It is a pity that no systematic attempt has been made to look at the problem in terms of other perspectives.  Indians are not the only people who have ventured out of their homeland in such vast numbers. Their number looks small when compared to overseas Chinese and overseas British. Their relatively lesser numbers notwithstanding, Indians form large enough numbers outside India and significant enough groups in several countries to merit serious research attention as well as civil concern.  Spread over most parts of the world, Indians are found more in some regions than in others. They are concentrated in South, Southeast and Southwest Asia, in South Africa and East Africa, in Western Europe, North America and the Caribbean. Taking 1,500 as the minimum figure, overseas Indians are found in as many as 53 countries. They form a majority in at least three foreign countries : Mauritius (74 percent), Fiji (49 percent) and Guyana (53 percent). They are close to majority in Trinidad and Tobago where they are 40 percent as against 43 percent of the blacks.  In respect of their regional derivations and settlements there are noticeable some broad interesting patterns. There is a preponderance of South Indians, particularly Tamils, in South and Southeast Asia and South Africa, of East Indians in West Indies, of Punjabis and Gujaratis in Africa, Europe and North America. This is not to underestimate the presence of Indians of other regional origins in these parts of the world, but just to indicate that there are some perceptible regional linkages between the regions of origin and of settlement. (745 words) 

4.(a) Rewrite the following sentences after making necessary corrections. Do not make unnecessary changes in the original sentence : 1x10=10 

(i) My sister prefers dogs than cats.  (ii) I don't approve to your smoking in public.  (iii) One of my student has got the prestigious Commonwealth Scholarship this year.  (iv) The fresher the fruit, the best it tastes.  (v) He questioned my motif behind meeting the director.  (vi) The director went and bidded goodbye to the composer.  (vii) His acceptance of your fancy story indicates his credible nature.  (viii) Are you invited for the office party?  (ix) When I will reach home, I will let you know the details of the event.  (x) The University comprises of several Departments. 

4.(b) Supply the missing words : 1x5=5 

(i) The homestay provides its guests____________all the facilities.  (ii) At last, I got rid____________my old scooter.  (iii) All my expenses were paid____________by the office.  (iv) A waiter is a person who waits ____________customers at a restaurant.  (v) The company entered____________an agreement with the supplier. 

4.(c) Use the correct forms of the verbs given in brackets : 1x5=5 

(i) My goodness, someone____________ away my phone and left his in its place by mistake. (Take)  (ii) If you ____________in time, I'll leave without you. (Reach)  (iii) I____________the rules of grammar these days. (Learn)  (iv) I used to have a pair of binoculars, but I____________it yesterday because I needed money. (Pawn)  (v) The decision____________before I joined the meeting. (Make) 

4.(d) Write the antonyms of the following: 1x5=5 

(i) Guilty  (ii) Impoverish  (iii) Approve  (iv) Eligible  (v) Scarce 

5.(a) Rewrite the following sentences as directed without changing the meaning : 1x10=10 

(i) Has anyone ever hypnotized you ? (Change into passive voice)  (ii) The judge said to the witness, “Were you present at the scene of crime ?” (Change into indirect speech)  (iii) He does not love his daughter. He does not love his wife either. (Join the sentences into one by using ‘neither – nor')  (iv) Much though I wanted, I could not reach her. (Rewrite the sentence using ‘however')  (v) As soon as the concert ended, it began to rain. (Replace ‘as soon as' with ‘hardly', making other suitable changes)  (vi) As the bus to the airport was late, we could not catch the plane. (Begin the sentence with – ‘Had the bus .... not')  (vii) He was so nervous that he could not perform well in the interview. (Use 'too – to' combination)  (viii) I have never kept a pet as I don't enjoy their company. (Rewrite the sentence beginning with 'since')  (ix) They will enjoy the programme, ? (Add a question tag)  (x) If you are going out take an umbrella as it is cloudy today. (Rewrite the sentence beginning with 'It being –’) 

5.(b) Use the following words to make sentences that bring out their meaning clearly. Do not change the form of the words. (No marks will be given for vague and ambiguous sentences) : 1x555 

(i) Philanthropist  (ii) Temperamental  (iii) Sarcastically  (iv) Devise  (v) Preclude 

5.(c) Choose the appropriate word to fill in the blanks : 1x5=5 

(i) The man had a guilty____________so he turned himself in. (conscience / conscious)  (ii) I used my____________to help my neighbour. (discretion / discrimination)  (iii) The train has been ____________for an hour. (stationary / stationery)  (iv) A ____________of shoppers crowded the market after the lockdown was lifted. (hoard / horde)  (v) My experiences in the alien place were____________due to issues of food and language. (climactic / climatic) 

5.(d) Use the following idioms / phrases in sentences of your own to bring out their meaning clearly : 1x5=5 

(i) Length and breadth  (ii) Rank and file  (iii) A thorn in the flesh  (iv) Move heaven and earth  (v) Step into someone's shoes

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UPSC 2021 Mains Essay Question Paper

• January 7, 2022
• Mains , Questions , UPSC

UPSC 2021 Mains Essay Question

Essay writing is a crucial topic, from an exam point of view. While you can read and learn about the various disciplines and topics, it is hard to develop a good style of writing merely by reading books. Thus, writing practice has its own importance, that flows through each and every paper, that needs descriptive answers.

Write TWO Essays, choosing ONE from each of the Sections A and B, in about   1000-1200 words each. (125×2-250)

• The process of self-discovery has now been technologically outsourced.
• Your perception of me is a reflection of you; my reaction to you is an awareness of me.
• Philosophy of wantlessness is Utopian, while materialism is a chimera.
• The real is rational and the rational is real.
• Hand that rocks the cradle rules the world.
• What is research, but a blind date with knowledge!
• History repeats itself, first as a tragedy, second as a farce.
• There are better practices to “best practices”.

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[UPSC Mains 2021] ESSAY PAPER- UPSC CIVIL SERVICES MAINS EXAM (CSE) 2021

• January 7, 2022

Important Updates , UPSC MAINS 2021 QUESTION PAPERS

1) The process of self-discovery has now been technologically outsourced.

2)  Your perception of me is a reflection of you; my reaction to you is an awareness of me.

3) Philosophy of wantlessness is Utopian, while materialism is a chimera.

4)  The real is rational and the rational is real

1) Hand that rocks the cradle rules the world

2)  What is research, but a blind date with knowledge!

3) History repeats itself, first as a tragedy, second as a farce.

4)  There are better practices to ‘best practices’.

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UPSC Essay Question Paper 2021

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UPSC Essay Question Paper 2020

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UPSC Essay Question Paper 2019

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UPSC Essay Question Paper 2018

Time Allowed: 3 hours

• Alternative technologies for a climate change resilient India
• A good life is one inspired by love and guided by knowledge
• Poverty anywhere is a threat to prosperity everywhere
• Management of Indian border disputes – a complex task
• Customary morality cannot be a guide to modern life
• “The past’ is a permanent dimension of human consciousness and values
• A people that values its privileges above its principles loses both
• Reality does not conform to the ideal, but confirms it

IAS (Main) written Essay paper 2017

• Farming has lost the ability to be a source of subsistence for majority of farmers in India.
• Impact of the new economic measures on fiscal ties between the union and states in India.
• Destiny of a nation is shaped in its classrooms.
• Has the Non- Alignment Movement(NAM) lost its relevance in a multipolar world.
• Joy is the simplest form of gratitude.
• Fulfillment of ‘new woman’ in India is a myth.
• We may brave human laws but cannot resist natural laws.
• Social media is inherently a selfish medium.

IAS Essay paper 2016

• If development is not engendered, it is endangered
• Need brings greed, if greed increases it spoils breed
• Water disputes between states in federal India
• Innovation is the key determinant of economic growth and social welfare
• Cooperative federalism: Myth or reality
• Cyberspace and internet: Blessing or curse to the human civilization in the long run
• Near jobless growth in India: An anomaly or an outcome of economic reforms
• Digital economy: A leveller or a source of economic inequality

UPSC Essay Question paper 2015

• Lending Hands to someone is better than giving a dole.
• Quick but steady wins the race.
• Character of an institution is reflected in its leader.
• Education without values, as useful as it is, seems rather to make a man more clever.
• Technology cannot replace manpower.
• Crisis faced in India moral or economic.
• Dreams which should not let India sleep.
• Can capitalism bring inclusive growth ?

IAS (Main) written Essay paper 2014

• With greater power comes greater responsibility.
• Is the growing level of competition good for the youth?
• Are the standardized tests good measure of academic ability or progress?
• Words are Sharper than the two-edged sword.
• Was it the policy paralysis or the paralysis of implementation which slowed the growth of our country?
• Is sting operation an invasion on privacy?
• Fifty Golds in Olympics: Can this be a reality for India?
• Tourism: Can this be the next big thing for India?
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Civil Service Essay Contest May - June 2024

• Are elections free and fair in India?
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Civil Service Essay Contest (March 2024)

• Changing trends in the female workforce, how it can be harnessed for better growth. Views : 1352
• Is the caste barrier breaking due to increased love marriages in India? Views : 2424

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UPSC Essay Topic wise Question Papers of last 31 years (1993-2023) for Civil Services IAS/IPS Exam Free Download

In the UPSC mains examination, essay paper is worth 250 marks and three hours. Here is the topic wise questions from the earlier years for the benefit of civil service IAS IPS aspirants.

1.1 India Since Independence

1.2 federalism, decentralization, 1.3 administration, 1.4 judiciary, 1.5 poverty, social justice, 1.6 indian society, culture and values, 1.7 media, tv & cinema, literature, 2.1 growth vs development, 2.2 environment vs development, 2.4 sectors of economy, 3.1 values in education, 3.2 scheme implementation, 3.3 higher education, 4.1 character, honesty, ethics, 4.2 knowledge, 4.3 compassion, 4.4 truth and reality, 4.5 youth, discipline, 4.6 towards excellence, 5.1 @national politics, 5.2 @world / quote type, 5.3 empowerment overall, 5.4 compared to men, 6.1 globalization, 6.2 international org./ bilateral, 6.3 security, 6.4 history, 7.1 science and religion, 7.2 science and education, 7.3 computer and internet, 7.4 sci-tech: others, appendix: linear paper of upsc essay 2023, appendix: linear paper of upsc essay 2022, appendix: model answer pe free lecture & powerpoint, appendix: syllabus of essay paper in upsc, 1 india: democracy, administration, society, culture.

• Is the Colonial mentality hindering India’s Success? -2013
• In the context of Gandhiji’s views on the matter, explore, on an evolutionary scale, the terms ‘Swadhinata’, ‘Swaraj’ and ‘Dharmarajya’. Critically comment on their contemporary relevance to Indian democracy -2012
• Dreams which should not let India sleep. -2015
• Why should we be proud of being Indians? -2000
• Whither Indian democracy? -1995
• How far has democracy in India delivered the goods? -2003
• What we have not learnt during fifty years of independence. -1997
• What have we gained from our democratic set-up? -2001
• My vision of India in 2001 a.d. -1993
• Impact of the new economic measures on fiscal ties between the union and states in India. -2017
• Water disputes between States in federal India. -2016
• Cooperative federalism : Myth or reality. -2016
• Creation of smaller states and the consequent administrative, economic and developmental implication -2011
• Evaluation of panchayati raj system in India from the point of view of eradication of power to people. -2007
• Water resources should be under the control of the central government. -2004
• The language problem in India: its past, present and prospects. -1998
• There are better practices to “best practices”. -2021
• How should a civil servant conduct himself? -2003
• Politics without ethics is a disaster. -1995
• The VIP cult is a bane of Indian democracy -1996
• Need for transparency in public administration -1996
• The country’s need for a better disaster management system. -2000
• Politics, bureaucracy and business – fatal triangle. -1994
• We may brave human laws but cannot resist natural laws. -2017
• Justice must reach the poor -2005
• Judicial activism and Indian democracy. -2004
• Judicial activism. -1997
• A society that has more justice is a society that needs less charity. (- जिस समाज में अधिक न्याय होता है उस समाज को दान की कम आवश्यकता होती है।) – 2023
• There can be no social justice without economic prosperity but economic prosperity without social justice is meaningless (बिना आर्थिक समृद्धि के सामाजिक न्याय नहीं हो सकता, किन्तु बिना सामाजिक न्याय के आर्थिक समृद्धि निरर्थक है ) -2020
• Neglect of primary health care and education in India are reasons for its backwardness. -2019
• The focus of health care is increasingly getting skewed towards the ‘haves’ of our society. -2009
• Food security for sustainable national development -2005
• Reservation, politics and empowerment. -1999
• Culture is what we are, civilization is what we have (जो हम है, वह संस्कार; जो हमारे पास है, वह सभ्यता ) -2020
• Indian culture today: a myth or a reality? -2000
• Modernism and our traditional socio-ethical values. -2000
• The composite culture of India. -1998
• The Indian society at the crossroads. -1994
• From traditional Indian philanthropy to the gates-buffet model-a natural progression or a paradigm shift? -2010
• New cults and godmen: a threat to traditional religion -1996
• Biased media is a real threat to Indian democracy. -2019
• Responsibility of media in a democracy. -2002
• Role of media in good governance -2008
• Does Indian cinema shape our popular culture or merely reflect it? -2011
• How has satellite television brought about cultural change in Indian mindsets? -2007
• Is sting operation an invasion on privacy? -2014
• Mass media and cultural invasion. -1999
• The misinterpretation and misuse of freedom in India. -1998
• Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world (कवि संसार के अनधिकृत रूप से विधायक होते हैं) – 2022

2 Economy, Development

• Poverty anywhere is a threat to prosperity everywhere. -2018
• Digital economy: A leveller or a source of economic inequality. -2016
• Innovation is the key determinant of economic growth and social welfare. -2016
• Near jobless growth in India: An anomaly or an outcome of economic reforms. -2016
• Crisis faced in India – moral or economic. -2015
• Was it the policy paralysis or the paralysis of implementation which slowed the growth of our country? -2014
• GDP (Gross Domestic Product) along with GDH (Gross Domestic Happiness) would be the right indices for judging the wellbeing of a country-2013
• Can capitalism bring inclusive growth? -2015
• Resource management in the Indian context. -1999
• Economic growth without distributive justice is bound to breed violence. -1993
• Forests are the best case studies for economic excellence (आर्थिक समृद्धि हासिल करने के मामले में वन सर्वोत्तम प्रतिमान होते हैं।) – 2022
• Alternative technologies for a climate change resilient India. -2018
• Should a moratorium be imposed on all fresh mining in tribal areas of the country? -2010
• Urbanisation and its hazards -2008
• Protection of ecology and environment is essential for sustained economic development. -2006
• Urbanization is a blessing in disguise. -1997
• Ecological considerations need not hamper development. -1993
• Globalization would finish small-scale industries in India. -2006
• Multinational corporations – saviours or saboteurs -1994
• Special economic zone: boon or bane -2008
• Is the criticism that the ‘Public-Private-Partnership’ (PPP) model for development is more of a bane than a boon in the Indian context, justified ?-2012
• Farming has lost the ability to be a source of subsistence for majority of farmers in India. -2017
• BPO boom in India. -2007
• Tourism: Can this be the next big thing for India? -2014
• Are our traditional handicrafts doomed to a slow death? -2009

3 Education

• Education is what remains after one has forgotten what one has learned in – school. (- शिक्षा वह है जो विद्यालय में विधालय में सीखी गई बातों को भूल जाने के बाद भी शेष रह जाती है।)
• Destiny of a nation is shaped in its classrooms. -2017
• Education without values, as useful as it is, seems rather to make a man more clever devil-2015
• Independent thinking should be encouraged right form the childhood. -2007
• Are the standardized tests good measure of academic ability or progress? -2014
• Irrelevance of the classroom. -2001
• Is the growing level of competition good for the youth? -2014
• Literacy is growing very fast, but there is no corresponding growth in education. -1996
• Is an egalitarian society possible by educating the masses ? -2008
• What is real education? -2005
• “Education for all” campaign in India: myth or reality. -2006
• Restructuring of Indian education system. -1995
• Privatization of higher education in India. -2002
• Credit – based higher education system – status, opportunities and challenges -2011

4 Quote based, Philosophy, Ethics

• A smile is the chosen vehicle for all ambiguities (हर असमंजस के लिए मुस्कराहट ही चुनिन्दा साधन है) – 2022
• Philosophy of wantlessness is a Utopian, while materialism is a chimera. -2021
• Your perception of me is a reflection of you; my reaction to you is an awareness of me. -2021
• Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication (सरलता चरम परिष्करण है ) -2020
• Ships don’t sink because of water around them ships sink because of water that gets into them (जहाज अपने चारों तरफ के पानी के वजह से नहीं डूबा करते, जहाज पानी के अंदर समां जाने की वजह से डूबता हैं ) -2020
• Life is a long journey between being human and being humane.  (मनुष्य होने और मानव बनने के बीच का लम्बा सफर ही जीवन है)-2020
• Values are not what humanity is, but what humanity ought to be -2019
• Best for an individual is not necessarily best for the society -2019
• Courage to accept and dedication to improve are two keys to success -2019
• Wisdom finds truth -2019
• A people that values its privileges above its principles loses both. -2018
• Customary morality cannot be a guide to modem file. -2018
• Need brings greed, if greed increases it spoils breed. -2016
• Character of an institution is reflected in its leader. -2015
• With greater power comes greater responsibility. -2014
• Words are sharper than the two-edged sword. -2014
• Attitude makes, habit makes character and character makes a man. -2007
• He would reigns within himself and folds his passions and desires and fears is more than a king. -1993
• Thinking is like a game, it does not begin unless there is an opposite team. (- सोच एक खेल की तरह है, यह तब तक शुरू नहीं होता है जब तक कि एक विपरीत टीम/पक्ष न हो।) – 2023
• Mathematics is the music of reason. (- गणित ज्ञान का संगीत है।) – 2023
• The real is rational and the rational is real. -2021
• Mindful manifesto is the catalyst to a tranquil self (विचारपरक संकल्प स्वयं के शांतचित्त रहने का उत्प्रेरक है )-2020
• ‘The past’ is a permanent dimension of human consciousness and values. -2018
• A good life is one inspired by love and guided by knowledge. -2018
• There is nothing either good or bad but thinking makes it so. -2003
• Disinterested intellectual curiosity is the lifeblood of civilisation. -1995
• Joy is the simplest form of gratitude. -2017
• Compassion is the basic of all morality of the world -1993
• Lending hands to someone is better than giving a dole. -2015
• Be the change you want to see in others (Gandhi)-2013
• Just because you have a choice, it does not mean that any of them has to be right (केवल इसलिए कि आपके पास विकल्प हैं, इसका यह अर्थ कदापि नहीं है कि उनमें से किसी को भी ठीक होना ही होगा) – 2022
• Reality does not conform to the ideal, but confirms it. -2018
• Truth is lived, not taught -1996
• When money speaks, the truth is silent. -1995
• Search for truth can only be a spiritual problem. -2002
• The time to repair the roof is when the sun is shining (छप्पर मरम्मत करने का समय तभी होता है, जब धूप खिली हुई हो) – 2022
• You cannot step twice in the same river (आप उसी नदी में दोबारा नहीं उतर सकते) – 2022
• Discipline means success, anarchy means ruin -2008
• Youth is a blunder, manhood a struggle, old age a regret -1994
• If youth knew, if age could. -2002
• Youth culture today. -1999
• Fifty Golds in Olympics: Can this be a reality for India? -2014
• Visionary decision-making happens at the intersection of intuition and logic. (- दूरदर्शी निर्णय तभी लिए जाते है अंतर्ज्ञान और तर्क का परस्पर मेल होता है।) – 2023
• Not all who wander are lost. (- भटकने वाले सभी गुम नहीं हो जाते।) – 2023
• Inspiration for creativity springs from the effort to look for the magical in the mundane (- रचनात्मकता की प्रेरणा अलौकिक ता में चमत्कार ढूंढने के प्रयास से उपजति है) – 2023
• A ship in harbour is safe, but that is not what ship is for (जहाज बन्दरगाह के भीतर सुरक्षित होता है, परन्तु इसके लिए तो वह होता नहीं है) – 2022
• Quick but steady wins the race. -2015
• Useless life is an early death. -1994
• Our deeds determine us, as much as we determine our deeds. -1995
• The paths of glory lead but to the grave. -2002
• The pursuit of excellence. -2001

5 Women empowerment

• Greater political power alone will not improve women’s plight. -1997
• Women’s reservation bill would usher in empowerment for women in India. -2006
• The new emerging women power: the ground realities. -1995
• Hand that rocks the cradle rules the world. -2021
• If women ruled the world -2005
• The hand that rocks the cradle -2005
• Patriarchy is the least noticed yet the most significant structure of social inequality (पितृ-सत्ता की व्यवस्था नजर मैं बहुत काम आने के बावजूद सामाजिक विषमता की सबसे प्रभावी संरचना है) -2020
• Fulfilment of ‘new woman’ in India is a myth. -2017
• If development is not engendered, it is endangered. -2016
• Whither women’s emancipation? -2004
• Empowerment alone cannot help our women. -2001
• Women empowerment: challenges and prospects. -1999
• Woman is god’s best creation. -1998
• Men have failed: let women take over. -1993
• Managing work and home – is the Indian working woman getting a fair deal ?-2012

6 International issues, Internal Security, History

• South Asian societies are woven not around the state, but around their plural cultures and plural identities. -2019
• Modernisation and westernisation are not identical concepts. -1994
• ‘globalization’ vs. ‘nationalism’ -2009
• National identity and patriotism -2008
• Globalizations and its impact on Indian culture. -2004
• The masks of new imperialism. -2003
• As civilization advances culture declines. -2003
• The implications of globalization for India. -2000
• My vision of an ideal world order. -2001
• India’s contribution to world wisdom. -1998
• The world of the twenty-first century. -1998
• Preparedness of our society for India’s global leadership role. -2010
• Technology as the silent factor in international relations (अंतर्राष्ट्रीय संबंधों मैं मौन करक के रूप मैं प्रौद्योगिकी) -2020
• Has the Non-Alignment Movement (NAM) lost its relevance in a multipolar world ? -2017
• Restructuring of UNO reflect present realities -1996
• The global order: political and economic -1993
• India’s role in promoting ASEAN co-operation. -2004
• Importance of Indo-US nuclear agreement -2006
• Management of Indian border dispute is a complex task. -2018
• In the Indian context , both human intelligence and technical intelligence are crucial in combating terrorism -2011
• Are we a ‘soft’ state ? -2009
• Good fences make good neighbours -2009
• Is autonomy the best answer to combat balkanization? -2007
• Terrorism and world peace -2005
• True religion cannot be misused. -1997
• History repeats itself, first as tragedy, second as farce. -2021
• Geography may remain the same ; history need not. -2010

7 Science-Technology

• Spirituality and scientific temper. -2003
• Science and Mysticism : Are they compatible ?-2012
• What is research, but a blind date with knowledge! -2021
• Modern technological education and human values. -2002
• Value-based science and education. -1999
• The march of science and the erosion of human values. -2001
• The process of self-discovery has now been technologically outsourced. -2021
• Rise of Artificial Intelligence: the threat of jobless future or better job opportunities through reskilling and upskilling. -2019
• ‘Social media’ is inherently a selfish medium. -2017
• Cyberspace and Internet : Blessing or curse to the human civilization in the long run -2016
• Increasing computerization would lead to the creation of a dehumanized society. -2006
• The cyberworld: its charms and challenges. -2000
• Computer: the harbinger of silent revolution. -1993
• Technology cannot replace manpower. -2015
• Science and technology is the panacea for the growth and security of the nation-2013
• The modern doctor and his patients. -1997
• The lure of space. -2004

Section-A (write any one)

• Thinking is like a game, it does not begin unless there is an opposite team. (- सोच एक खेल की तरह है, यह तब तक शुरू नहीं होता है जब तक कि एक विपरीत टीम/पक्ष न हो।)
• Visionary decision-making happens at the intersection of intuition and logic. (- दूरदर्शी निर्णय तभी लिए जाते है अंतर्ज्ञान और तर्क का परस्पर मेल होता है।)
• Not all who wander are lost. (- भटकने वाले सभी गुम नहीं हो जाते।)
• Inspiration for creativity springs from the effort to look for the magical in the mundane (- रचनात्मकता की प्रेरणा अलौकिक ता में चमत्कार ढूंढने के प्रयास से उपजति है)

Section-B (write any one)

• Girls are weighed down by restrictions, boys with demands – two equally harmful disciplines. (-लड़कियां बंदिशों के तथा लड़के अपेक्षा के बोझ तले दबे हुए होते हैं दोनों ही समान रूप से हानिकारक व्यवस्थाएं हैं।)
• Mathematics is the music of reason. (- गणित ज्ञान का संगीत है।)
• A society that has more justice is a society that needs less charity. (- जिस समाज में अधिक न्याय होता है उस समाज को दान की कम आवश्यकता होती है।)

Answer one-one essay from each section in 1000-1200 words

• History is a series of victories won by the scientific man over the romantic man (इतिहास वैज्ञानिक मनुष्य के रूमानी मनुष्य पर विजय हासिल करने का एक सिलसिला है।) – 2022
• A ship in harbour is safe, but that is not what ship is for (जहाज बन्दरगाह के भीतर सुरक्षित होता है, परन्तु इसके लिए तो वह होता नहीं है) & 2022
• Just because you have a choice, it does not mean that any of them has to be right (केवल इसलिए कि आपके पास विकल्प हैं, इसका यह अर्थ कदापि नहीं है कि उनमें से किसी को भी ठीक होना ही होगा) – 2022

Essay: Candidates may be required to write essays on multiple topics. They will be expected to keep closely to the subject of the essay to arrange their ideas in orderly fashion, and to write concisely. Credit will be given for effective and exact expression.

• IAS Preparation
• UPSC Preparation Strategy
• UPSC Mains 2021 Question Paper

UPSC Mains 2021 Question Papers

The UPSC Mains Examination has been scheduled to be conducted from 7th January 2022 to 16th January 2022. The candidates who have cleared the Preliminary exam 2021 which was held on October 10, 2021, would appear in the next level of the recruitment process, that is, Civil Services (Main) Examination. 

It is to be noted that the marks obtained in the IAS Exam Prelims by the candidates will not be counted for determining their final order of merit. 

The Civil Services (Main) Written Examination will consist of 9 papers of conventional essay type in the subjects out of which two papers will be of qualifying in nature. The marks obtained for all the compulsory papers (Paper-I to Paper-VII) and Marks obtained in the Interview/Personality Test will be counted for ranking.

The aspirants can download the UPSC IAS 2021 Mains question papers PDF from this page. 

Note – The exams are yet to take place. The PDFs will be available shortly.

Meanwhile, to download the 2020, 2019 UPSC Mains Previous Year Question Papers , visit the linked article.  

Download UPSC CSE 2021 Mains GS Question Papers PDF

The candidates can download the IAS Mains 2021 GS papers from the following links. The link will be activated once the question papers are officially released by the commission on the official website. 

Download UPSC Mains 2021 Essay Paper PDF

The candidates would be required to write essays on multiple topics. The candidates are expected to keep closely to the subject of the essay to arrange their ideas in an orderly fashion and to write concisely. The essay paper is not just qualifying in nature but will be counted for the merit ranking. 

Therefore, the aspirants can download the Essay Paper and Compulsory English Language Paper from below:

• UPSC Mains 2021 Essay Paper PDF

Download UPSC Mains 2021 Language Papers

• UPSC Mains 2021 Compulsory English Paper

The aspirants can download the compulsory Indian language papers from the links below:

For more information, check out UPSC Mains 2021 Indian Language Papers from the linked article. 

Download UPSC 2021 Mains Optional Papers PDF

The candidates have to choose any one of the optional subjects from amongst the list of subjects prescribed by the commission. 

The candidates can also choose Literature of any one of the following languages as their optional subject. 

Also, check out UPSC Mains 2021 Optional Paper from the linked article.

Other related links:

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VISION IAS Mains 2024 Essay Test 3 With Solution in English PDF

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OUR CENTERS Bangalore Delhi Lucknow Mysuru --> Srinagar Dharwad Hyderabad Call us @ 08069405205 Search Here An Introduction to the CSE Exam Personality Test Annual Calendar by UPSC-2024 Common Myths about the Exam About Insights IAS Our Mission, Vision & Values Director's Desk Meet Our Team Our Branches Careers at Insights IAS Daily Current Affairs+PIB Summary Insights into Editorials Insta Revision Modules for Prelims Current Affairs Quiz Static Quiz Current Affairs RTM Insta-DART(CSAT) Insta 75 Days Revision Tests for Prelims 2024 Secure (Mains Answer writing) Secure Synopsis Ethics Case Studies Insta Ethics Weekly Essay Challenge Insta Revision Modules-Mains Insta 75 Days Revision Tests for Mains Secure (Archive) Anthropology Law Optional Kannada Literature Public Administration English Literature Medical Science Mathematics Commerce & Accountancy Monthly Magazine: CURRENT AFFAIRS 30 Content for Mains Enrichment (CME) InstaMaps: Important Places in News Weekly CA Magazine The PRIME Magazine Insta Revision Modules-Prelims Insta-DART(CSAT) Quiz Insta 75 days Revision Tests for Prelims 2022 Insights SECURE(Mains Answer Writing) Interview Transcripts Previous Years' Question Papers-Prelims Answer Keys for Prelims PYQs Solve Prelims PYQs Previous Years' Question Papers-Mains UPSC CSE Syllabus Toppers from Insights IAS Testimonials Felicitation UPSC Results Indian Heritage & Culture Ancient Indian History Medieval Indian History Modern Indian History World History World Geography Indian Geography Indian Society Social Justice International Relations Agriculture Environment & Ecology Disaster Management Science & Technology Security Issues Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude Indian Heritage & Culture Enivornment & Ecology UPSC Mains Answer Writing Practice – Insights SECURE: 17 July 2024 The Insights IAS Secure Initiative for UPSC Mains Answer Writing practice enables you to practice daily answer writing, enhancing your skills and boosting your scores with regular feedback, expert tips, and strategies. Let consistency be the hallmark of your preparation and utilize UPSC Mains Answer Writing practice initiative wisely Click on EACH question to post/upload you answers. How to Follow Secure Initiative? How to self-evaluate your answer , mission – 2024: yearlong timetable, join ipm 4.0 to get an assured review of 2 secure answers everyday, general studies – 1. Topic: Indian Art and Culture Q1.  Discuss the cultural significance of calendar art in India and how it has evolved over time. 150 Words Difficulty level: Moderate Reference: The new Indian express Why the question: Calendar art is less common these days, and in a few more years it may become obsolete. The above article discusses the significance and evolution of calendar art. Key Demand of the question: Explain the cultural significance of calendar art in India and trace its evolution, highlighting key milestones and transformations. Structure of the Answer: Introduction: Introduce calendar art in India, briefly explaining what it is and its relevance in Indian culture. Body: First discuss the significance of calendar art – religious and cultural significance, social and cultural identity, accessibility of art etc. Next, write the evolution of calendar art from early 20 th century to contemporary times. Write the role of Raja Ravi Verma, commercialisation, colonial printing technology etc. Conclusion: Highlight the dynamic nature of calendar art, which has adapted to technological advancements and changing tastes while maintaining its cultural essence. Topic: Urbanisation Q2.  Analyze the environmental impacts of poor storm-water management practices in urban areas. How can green infrastructure and natural drainage systems contribute to sustainable urban development? 250 Words Reference: DTE Why the question: Every year, we witness flooding in our large metropolises and most state capitals. The article discusses the significance of reimagining of water supply, sanitation systems and stormwater management. Key Demand of the question: To identify and explain the environmental impacts of poor storm-water management practices in urban areas and to analyze how green infrastructure and natural drainage systems can help achieve sustainable urban development. Structure of the Answer: Introduction: Introduce the concept of storm-water management in urban areas and briefly mention the significance of effective management practices for environmental sustainability. Body: Firstly, discuss the environmental impacts of poor Storm-Water management: flooding, economic loss, infrastructure damages, water pollution etc. In second part, mention the contribution of Green Infrastructure and Natural Drainage Systems to Sustainable Urban Development: flood mitigation, enhanced ground water recharge, temperature regulation etc. Write way forward. Conclusion: Recommend integrated urban planning approaches that incorporate these solutions to create more sustainable, resilient, and liveable cities. General Studies – 2 Topic: E-governance Q3. Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) is the bedrock of Digital India that narrows the gap between citizen and technology. In this context, discuss the significance and challenges of DPI? (150 words, 10M)   Difficulty level: Moderate   Reference: PIB, Insights on India Why the question: The final ‘Report of India’s G20 Task Force on Digital Public Infrastructure’ by ‘India’s G20 Task Force’ was released. Key Demand of the question: To discuss the importance of Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) and the challenges it faces. Directive: Discuss – Provide an explanation of the significance and challenges of DPI. Structure of the Answer: Introduction: Briefly introduce Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) and its role in Digital India. Body: First part: Significance of DPI: Explain how DPI bridges the digital divide, its role in enhancing governance and service delivery, economic benefits and innovation encouragement. Second part: Challenges of DPI: Highlight issues related to digital literacy and access, cybersecurity and data privacy concerns, infrastructure and investment gaps. Conclusion: Emphasise the importance of addressing challenges to maximise DPI’s potential in driving Digital India. Topic: Indian Constitution and its features.   Q 4 . Compare national emergency with the state emergency. Assess the impact of a national emergency on fundamental rights and discuss judicial rulings on the suspension of these rights during emergencies. (250 words, 15M) Reference: Insights on India Why the question: The question is part of the static syllabus of GS paper 2. Key Demand of the question: To compare national and state emergencies, evaluate the impact on fundamental rights during a national emergency, and discuss judicial rulings on the suspension of these rights. Directive: Assess – Provide a detailed comparison, evaluate impacts, and discuss relevant judicial rulings. Structure of the Answer: Introduction: Briefly introduce national emergency (Article 352) and state emergency (Article 356). Body: First part: Comparison of National Emergency and State Emergency Differentiate in terms of context, powers, and authority. Second part: Impact of National Emergency on Fundamental Rights Mention Article 358 and 359 compulsorily. Third part: Judicial Rulings on Suspension of Rights ADM Jabalpur Case (1976) and subsequent reforms in the form of 44th Amendment Act. Conclusion: Highlight the significance of judicial scrutiny in safeguarding fundamental rights during emergencies using principle of checks and balances. General Studies – 3 Topic: Economy: liberalization of the Indian economy Q5. It is essential to approach the internationalisation of the rupee cautiously, considering the potential advantages and risks associated with it. Critically examine. (250 Words) Difficulty level: Medium Reference: TH , Insights ias Why the question : India and Russia have doubled rupee-rouble payments in 2024, says largest Russian bank Key Demand of the question : To critically examine the advantages and risks of internationalising the rupee and the cautious approach needed in the process. Directive word : Critically examine – Investigate the topic in detail, inspect it, and establish the key facts and issues related to it. Explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications, including both positive and negative aspects. Structure of the answer : Introduction : Define the internationalisation of the rupee and provide context regarding its current status and potential. Body : Advantages : Mitigation of currency risk for Indian businesses Reduced need for foreign exchange reserves Increased global stature and respect for the Indian economy Less vulnerability to external shocks Risks and Challenges : Limited international demand for the rupee Absence of full capital account convertibility Potential for capital flight and exchange rate volatility Prerequisites like economic progress and robust financial markets Current Scenario and RBI Recommendations : Current limited convertibility status Short-term and long-term RBI recommendations Integration with global financial systems and market strengthening Reforms Needed : Full convertibility goals and deeper rupee bond markets Encouraging rupee invoicing for trade Currency swap agreements and tax incentives Implementation of Tarapore Committee recommendations Conclusion : Give a balanced conclusion. Topic: Economic Growth Strategies Q6. Compare India’s economic growth strategy with that of China’s. How can India use its human capital to address the challenges in its growth strategy? (250 Words) Reference: Live Mint Why the question : The Live Mint article discusses the contrasting economic growth models of China and India, highlighting the strengths and challenges of each. It emphasizes the importance of leveraging human capital for India’s sustained growth. Key Demand of the question : To compare the economic growth strategies of India and China and explore how India can utilize its human capital to overcome the challenges in its growth strategy. Directive word : Compare – Identify similarities and differences between India’s and China’s growth strategies, highlighting key aspects of each. Structure of the answer : Introduction : Briefly introduce the economic growth strategies of India and China, setting the context for the comparison. Body : Comparative Analysis : Differences in trade balance, investment sources, government spending, and the role of state-owned enterprises vs. the private sector. India’s lower investment in infrastructure and higher GDP returns compared to China’s state-driven investments.   Leveraging Human Capital : Education and Skills Development : Increasing investment in education to build a skilled workforce. Private Sector Engagement : Encouraging private sector investments in manufacturing and technology. Innovation : Focusing on agro-based industries, green technologies, and digital services. Infrastructure Development : Enhancing infrastructure spending within fiscal limits to support growth. Conclusion : Summarize the need for India to balance its growth strategy by leveraging its human capital, drawing lessons from China’s experience, and focusing on sustainable and inclusive growth. General Studies – 4 Q7. What does this quote mean to you: “He who is not courageous enough to take risks will accomplish nothing in life.” – Muhammad Ali Reference:  Sport Star   Why the question: With Paris Olympics approaching the winner attitude and courage to risk everything is motivation to participants.   Structure of the answer:   Introduction: Begin by defining courage with a recent example.   Body: First, address why uncourageous person fails in life. Then explain how to inculcate the courageous attitude in life. Lastly, discuss on Aristotle golden mean on courage and recklessness too. Conclusion: Summarize the above discussion in brief. Click here to Download the SECURE Questions in PDF Format Join our Official Telegram Channel  HERE Please subscribe to Our podcast channel HERE Subscribe to our  YouTube Channel HERE Follow our Twitter Account   HERE Follow our Instagram ID HERE Follow us on LinkedIn : HERE       Our Mission, Vision & Values Director’s Desk Commerce & Accountancy Previous Years’ Question Papers-Prelims Previous Years’ Question Papers-Mains Environment & Ecology Science & Technology Entertainment Auto & Tech Lifestyle & Health Legally Speaking Statistically Speaking Medically Speaking Art & Culture Spirituality Society & Living Royally Speaking Write For Us Web Stories The Hindu Editorial Analysis- 18th July 2024 | Current Affairs & Hindu Analysis: Daily, Weekly & Monthly - UPSC PDF Download 1 Crore+ students have signed up on EduRev. Have you? In Search of Jobs   Why in news. Employment generation will remain a major challenge before the Narendra Modi government in its third term, and the up comingUnion Budget is expected to take note of it. There are no easy ways out, given the swelling numbers of young job seekers, and the changing nature of the economy that requires fewer workers, thanks to rapid technological advancement. Recent studies have highlighted the seriousness of the challenge. ASUSE Overview  National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) under the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation is responsible for conducting the Annual Survey of Unincorporated Sector Enterprises (ASUSE). Proprietorships : Businesses owned and run by one individual. Partnerships : Businesses owned by two or more individuals, excluding Limited Liability Partnerships (LLPs). Self-Help Groups (SHGs) : Community-based groups that support members in their entrepreneurial endeavors. Co-operatives : Organizations owned and run jointly by their members, who share the profits or benefits. Societies/Trusts : Non-profit organizations established for the promotion of social, cultural, educational, or charitable objectives. About Unincorporated Enterprises Definition: An unincorporated enterprise is a producer unit that is not a separate legal entity from its owner. Ownership of Assets : The fixed and other assets used in these enterprises are owned by the individuals or groups running them, not by the enterprises themselves. These enterprises cannot independently engage in transactions or enter into contractual relationships with other economic units. They also cannot incur liabilities on their own behalf; liabilities are the responsibility of the owners. Key Highlights of ASUSE Survey (2022-23) Rural Contribution : Approximately 55% of these establishments are located in rural areas, highlighting the sector's significant presence outside urban centers. Geographical Highlights: Uttar Pradesh West Bengal Maharashtra Economic Indicators: The GVA, which measures the value of goods and services produced, showed an increase of 9.83% from the previous year (2021-22). Women led 54% of proprietary establishments in the manufacturing sector, indicating a strong presence of female entrepreneurship in this industry. Technological Adoption: There was a 7.2% increase in the use of the internet for entrepreneurial purposes, reflecting a growing trend towards digitization in business operations. Financial Indicators: The average outstanding loan per establishment increased to Rs. 50,138 in 2022-23, indicating an improvement in access to credit. Significance of Unincorporated Enterprises Economic Contribution: GDP Contribution : These enterprises play a pivotal role in contributing to the country's GDP. Employment : They generated employment for 11 crore workers in 2022-23, making them a critical source of jobs in the economy. Supply Chain Integration: Support Role : Unincorporated enterprises act as suppliers and service providers to the incorporated sector, thus forming an integral part of the supply chain. Challenges Faced by Unincorporated Enterprises Credit Access: Formal Credit : Many of these enterprises face challenges in accessing formal financial resources and credit facilities. Regulatory Issues: Lack of Registrations : A significant number of these enterprises are not formally registered, which limits their ability to access certain benefits and protections. Regulatory Oversight : The minimum regulatory oversight means these enterprises are often vulnerable to economic shocks and changes in policy, impacting their stability and growth. |4364 docs|970 tests Top Courses for UPSC How to Prepare for UPSC Video lectures, the hindu editorial analysis- 18th july 2024 | current affairs & hindu analysis: daily, weekly & monthly - upsc, objective type questions, semester notes, shortcuts and tricks, important questions, practice quizzes, sample paper, viva questions, extra questions, past year papers, mock tests for examination, previous year questions with solutions, study material. The Hindu Editorial Analysis- 18th July 2024 Free PDF Download Importance of the hindu editorial analysis- 18th july 2024, the hindu editorial analysis- 18th july 2024 notes, the hindu editorial analysis- 18th july 2024 upsc questions, study the hindu editorial analysis- 18th july 2024 on the app. cation olution Join the 10M+ students on EduRev Welcome Back Create your account for free. Forgot Password Unattempted tests, change country, practice & revise. 330 IMAGES UPSC Essay 2021 UPSC CSE MAINS 2021 ESSAY QUESTION PAPER UPSC Essay Paper 2021 Analysis UPSC Mains Essay Paper 2021 UPSC Mains 2021 UPSC Mains 2021 Essay Paper VIDEO PMS Punjab 2023 English Essay Paper CSS English Essay paper 2017 || English Essay Topics for 2017 Exam #pms #css #pastpaper CSS English Essay Paper 2006 || CSS Essay Topics 2006 #pastpaper #css #englishessay #essaywriting CSS English Essay Paper 2009 || English Essay Topics 2009 #education #pastpaper #cssessay #exam Analysing English Essay Paper APPEALING OUTLINES COMMENTS Essay Paper UPSC 2021 (Mains): Question Paper and Analysis UPSC conducted the Essay Paper, as part of the Civil Services Main Exam 2021 on 07-01-2022. There were 8 Essay topics, out of which candidates were asked to write on two topics in 3 hours. Candidates were supposed to answer about 1000 words for each essay (about 10-12 pages). Civil Services (Main) Examination, 2021 UPSC_Press Release_05012022_0.pdf. 05/01/2022. e - Admit Card. 15/12/2021. Examination Time Table. TT-CSME-2021-Engl-231121.pdf. 23/11/2021. Question Paper. Bengali Paper-I, Bengali Paper-II , English Paper-I, English Paper-II, Gujarati Paper-I, Gujarati Paper-II, Hindi Paper-I, Hindi Paper-II, Kannada Paper-I, Kannada Paper-II, Maithili Paper ... ESSAY QUESTION PAPER : UPSC Civil Services IAS Exam MAINS 2021 ESSAY QUESTION PAPER - UPSC Civil Services IAS Mains - 2021 Section A 1. The process of self-discovery has now been technologically outsourced. 2. Your perception of me is a reflection of you; my reaction to you is an awareness of me. 3. Philosophy of wantlessness is Utopian, while materialism is a chimera. 4. … Continue reading "ESSAY QUESTION PAPER : UPSC Civil Services IAS Exam MAINS ... Previous Year Question Papers Representation on Question Papers. Demo Files. Previous Year Question Papers. Apply. Year: 2021. Indian Forest Service (Main) Examination, 2021. Agriculture Paper - I. Agriculture Paper - II. Agricultural Engineering Paper - I. UPSC Mains 2021 Essay Question Paper The Essay paper has been conducted on 7th January 2022 in the forenoon session (9 AM to 12 PM). The Mains (Written) Examination consists of nine papers in total. The first stage, that is, Prelims, was conducted on October 10, 2021. UPSC Mains 2021 Essay Question Paper:- Download PDF Here. Download compulsory language papers from the links below: (Download) UPSC IAS Mains Essay Exam Question Paper (Download) UPSC Mains 2021 Question Paper: Essay Compulsory. Marks : 250 (125x2) Duration: 3 hours. Year : 2021. Exam Date : Write Two Essays, choosing One from each of the Sections A and B, in about 1000-1200 words each. Section-A (125 marks) - Choose any one Essay (Download) UPSC IAS Mains Exam 2021 Year : 2021. 1. Write an essay in about 600 words on any one of the following topics : 100 ... Click Here to Download Full Paper (E-Book) UPSC MAINS English (Compulsory) Question Papers (2009-2020) PDF DOWNLOAD UPSC MAINS G.S. (1-4) SOLVED PAPERS PDF DOWNLOAD UPSC MAINS G.S. 10 Year PAPERS PDF UPSC 2021 Mains Essay Question Paper Download UPSC 2021 Mains Essay Question Paper. Write TWO Essays, choosing ONE from each of the Sections A and B, in about 1000-1200 words each. (125×2-250) Section A. The process of self-discovery has now been technologically outsourced. Your perception of me is a reflection of you; my reaction to you is an awareness of me. PDF Welcome to UPSC Write TWO Essays, choosing ONE from each of the Sections A and B, in about 1000—1200 words each. 'A' SECTION 'A' The process of self-discovery has now been technologically outsourced. Your perception of me is a reflection of you; my reaction to you is an awareness of me. t, I Philosophy of wantlessness is Utopian, while materialism is a chimera. [UPSC Mains 2021] ESSAY PAPER- UPSC CIVIL SERVICES MAINS EXAM ... [UPSC Mains 2021] ESSAY PAPER- UPSC CIVIL SERVICES MAINS EXAM (CSE) 2021 SECTION A 1) The process of self-discovery has now been technologically outsourced. 2) Your perception of me is a reflection of you; my reaction to you is an awareness of me. 3) Philosophy of wantlessness is Utopian, while materialism is a chimera. 4) … UPSC Mains 2021: Essay Paper Discussion (English) by Dr. Vikas Drishti IAS brings to you a series of videos on the Paper Discussion of the UPSC CSE Mains 2021. We will be beginning the series with the discussion of the c... UPSC Mains Question Paper 2021 Additionally, there were two optional subject papers, each of which had 250 marks. Below we have provided the UPSC Mains Question Paper 2021 PDF download link for each paper. The UPSC Mains 2021 was conducted from 7th January to 16th January 2022 for almost 10,000 candidates who cleared the Prelims exam. Essay Previous Year Papers Mains Marathon 2024 UPSC IFoS Prelims Result 2024 UPSC CSE Prelims Result 2024 UPSC Prelims 2024 CSAT (Answer Key) Revised Answer Key UPSC Prelims 2024 GS 1 UPSC Prelims 2024 CSAT UPSC Prelims 2024 GS 1 Mains Test Series scheduled to begin from 9th June, 2024 has been postponed as UPSC CSE Preliminary exam was moved forward due to Lok Sabha elections of 2024. UPSC Essay Question Paper, UPSC Essay Paper Pdf, UPSC Essay Paper 2021 UPSC essay question papers from 2021 and before. Download the 2021 upsc essay paper in pdf. Find the link to upsc essay papers with answer where aspirants have written on ias essay topics of previous years. IAS Question papers of Essay 2021 and others, papers for Essay, UPSC IAS Exams Essay Question Paper, civil service Question Papers of Essay UPSC Essay Topic wise Question Papers of last 30 years (1993-2022) In the UPSC mains examination, essay paper is worth 250 marks and three hours. Here is the topic wise questions from the earlier years for the benefit of civil service IAS IPS aspirants. 1 India: Democracy, administration, Society, culture. 1.1 India Since Independence. 1.2 Federalism, Decentralization. PDF Microsoft Word UPSC 2021 MAINS ESSAY PAPER [kaM 'A' Part 'A' 1- vkRe&laèkku dh çfØ;k vc rdfudh :i ls cká Jksrka dks lkSai nh xà gSA The process of self-discovery has now been technologically outsourced. 2- vki dh ejs ckjs ea èkkj.kk] vkidh lksp n'kkZrh gS( vkids çfr ejh çfrfØ;k] ejk laLdkj gSA Previous Year Question Papers Previous Year Question Papers. Search Exam Name. Apply. Year: 2024. Combined Medical Services Examination, 2024. General Medicine and Pediatrics. Surgery, Gynaecology & Obstetrics, Preventive & Social Medicine. Indian Economic Service - Indian Statistical Service Examination, 2024. General Studies. UPSC English Previous Year Question Papers with Solutions: Free Download! Here are some easy steps to download the previous year's UPSC papers: Step 1: Go to the official Testbook website or download the Testbook app. Step 2: Sign in or create your account. Step 3: Go to the previous year's papers section. Step 4: Search for the " UPSC Civil Services " exam. UPSC IAS Mains 2021 Question Papers The essay paper is not just qualifying in nature but will be counted for the merit ranking. Therefore, the aspirants can download the Essay Paper and Compulsory English Language Paper from below: UPSC Mains 2021 Essay Paper PDF; Download UPSC Mains 2021 Language Papers. UPSC Mains 2021 Compulsory English Paper VisionIAS UPSC Toppers' Answer Copies UPSC Paper Solution. Talks and Interviews. Toppers Answer Copy. Research and Analysis. ... Mains, CSAT, Essay, and Optional Subjects, ensuring ongoing assessment and continuous enhancement of student performance. A dedicated and dynamic Mentoring ecosystem provides personalized guidance to help students identify their growth areas and offers ... UPSC 2021 Prelims Question Paper: Download Prelims & Mains PDF The UPSC 2021 Question Papers are now available for download on the Testbook website. In this article, our UPSC CSE Coaching team has curated the UPSC 2021 Question Papers, which include papers of the Prelims & Mains exams. Candidates can scroll down to download the UPSC 2021 Question Paper and start solving them for the upcoming UPSC IAS exams. Model Essays Mains Marathon 2024 UPSC IFoS Prelims Result 2024 UPSC CSE Prelims Result 2024 UPSC Prelims 2024 CSAT (Answer Key) Revised Answer Key UPSC Prelims 2024 GS 1 UPSC Prelims 2024 CSAT UPSC Prelims 2024 GS 1 Mains Test Series scheduled to begin from 9th June, 2024 has been postponed as UPSC CSE Preliminary exam was moved forward due to Lok Sabha elections of 2024. Previous Year Question Papers Common mistakes committed by the candidates in Conventional Papers; Revised Syllabus and Scheme; Representation on Question Papers; Demo Files ... English Paper-I; English Paper-II; Gujarati Paper-I; Gujarati Paper-II; Hindi Paper-I; ... 2021; General Studies Paper - I; General Studies Paper - II; Year: 2020. Civil Services (Main) Examination ... VISION IAS Mains 2024 Essay Test 3 With Solution in English PDF Download VISION IAS Mains 2024 Essay Test 3 With Solution in English PDF. This Pdf Very Useful For UPSC Mains 2024 Exams Download And Read.. Thursday, July 18, 2024 ... Previous Year Paper's; Science & Tech; Mains. Essay; GS 1; GS 2; GS 3; GS 4; Toppers Copy; Previous Year Paper's; ... We recommend you to know about UPSC Prelims and UPSC ... UPSC Mains Answer Writing Practice The Insights IAS Secure Initiative for UPSC Mains Answer Writing practice enables you to practice daily answer writing, enhancing your skills and boosting your scores with regular feedback, expert tips, and strategies. Let consistency be the hallmark of your preparation and utilize UPSC Mains Answer Writing practice initiative wisely UPSC Mains 2024: Expert Strategies & Insights For GS Papers Based On With the Civil Services Main Examinations 2024 starting on September 20, many candidates who have passed the Civil Services Preliminary Examinations 2024 must be sloganeering for the mains. The mains exam plays a very important role in deciding one's final ranks which shall eventually determine as to which service a UPSC aspirant will get. The Hindu Editorial Analysis- 18th July 2024 Document Description: The Hindu Editorial Analysis- 18th July 2024 for UPSC 2024 is part of Current Affairs & Hindu Analysis: Daily, Weekly & Monthly preparation. The notes and questions for The Hindu Editorial Analysis- 18th July 2024 have been prepared according to the UPSC exam syllabus. Information about The Hindu Editorial Analysis- 18th July 2024 covers topics like In Search of Jobs  ... Civil Services (Preliminary) Examination, 2021 Name of Examination: Civil Services (Preliminary) Examination, 2021. Date of Notification. 04/03/2021. Date of Commencement of Examination. 27/06/2021. Duration of Examination. One Day. Last Date for Receipt of Applications. 24/03/2021 - 6:00pm. PDF Welcome to UPSC Welcome to UPSC | UPSC assignment essay homework paper phd report resume review speech thesis