Other requests may be made by a candidate who has made no impression on you, or only a negative one. In this case, consider the candidate’s potential and future goals, and be fair in your evaluation. Sending a negative letter or a generic positive letter for individuals you barely know is not helpful to the selection committee and can backfire for the candidate. It can also, in some instances, backfire for you if a colleague accepts a candidate based on your generic positive letter when you did not necessarily fully support that individual. For instance, letter writers sometimes stretch the truth to make a candidate sound better than they really are, thinking it is helpful. If you do not know the applicant well enough or feel that you cannot be supportive, you are not in a strong position to write the recommendation letter and should decline the request, being open about why you are declining to write the letter. Also, be selective about writing on behalf of colleagues who may be in one’s field but whose work is not well known to you. If you have to read the candidate’s curriculum vitae to find out who they are and what they have done, then you may not be qualified to write the letter [ 8 ].
When declining a request to provide a letter of support, it is important to explain your reasoning to the candidate and suggest how they might improve their prospects for the future [ 8 ]. If the candidate is having a similar problem with other mentors, try to help them identify a more appropriate referee or to explore whether they are making an appropriate application in the first place. Suggest constructive steps to improve relationships with mentors to identify individuals to provide letters in the future. Most importantly, do not let the candidate assume that all opportunities for obtaining supportive letters of recommendation have been permanently lost. Emphasize the candidate’s strengths by asking them to share a favourite paper, assignment, project, or other positive experience that may have taken place outside of your class or lab, to help you identify their strengths. Finally, discuss with the candidate their career goals to help them realize what they need to focus on to become more competitive or steer them in a different career direction. This conversation can mark an important step and become a great interaction and mentoring opportunity for ECRs.
Once you decide to write a recommendation letter, it is important to know what type and level of opportunity the candidate is applying for, as this will determine what should be discussed in the letter ( Figure 1 ). You should carefully read the opportunity posting description and/or ask the candidate to summarize the main requirements and let you know the specific points that they find important to highlight. Pay close attention to the language of the position announcement to fully address the requested information and tailor the letter to the specific needs of the institution, employer, or funding organisation. In some instances, a waiver form or an option indicating whether or not the candidate waives their right to see the recommendation document is provided. If the candidate queries a waiver decision, note that often referees are not allowed to send a letter that is not confidential and that there may be important benefits to maintaining the confidentiality of letters (see Table 1 ). Specifically, selection committees may view confidential letters as having greater credibility and, value and some letter writers may feel less reserved in their praise of candidates in confidential letters.
To acquire appropriate information about the candidate, one or more of the following documents may be valuable: a resume or curriculum vitae (CV), a publication or a manuscript, an assignment or exam written for your course, a copy of the application essay or personal statement, a transcript of academic records, a summary of current work, and specific recommendation forms or questionnaires (if provided) [ 9 ]. Alternatively, you may ask the candidate to complete a questionnaire asking for necessary information and supporting documents [ 10 ]. Examine the candidate’s CV and provide important context to the achievements listed therein. Tailor the letter for the opportunity using these documents as a guide, but do not repeat their contents as the candidate likely submits them separately. Even the most articulate of candidates may find it difficult to describe their qualities in writing [ 11 ]. Furthermore, a request may be made by a person who has made a good impression, but for whom you lack significant information to be able to write a strong letter. Thus, even if you know a candidate well, schedule a brief in-person, phone, or virtual meeting with them to 1) fill in gaps in your knowledge about them, 2) understand why they are applying for this particular opportunity, 3) help bring their past accomplishments into sharper focus, and 4) discuss their short- and long-term goals and how their current studies or research activities relate to the opportunity they are applying for and to these goals. Other key information to gather from the applicant includes the date on which the recommendation letter is due, as well as details on how to submit it.
For most applications (for both academic and non-academic opportunities), a letter of recommendation will need to cover both scholarly capabilities and achievements as well as a broader range of personal qualities and experiences beyond the classroom or the laboratory. This includes extracurricular experiences and traits such as creativity, tenacity, and collegiality. If necessary, discuss with the candidate what they would like to see additionally highlighted. As another example of matching a letter with its purpose, a letter for a fellowship application for a specific project should discuss the validity and feasibility of the project, as well as the candidate’s qualifications for fulfilling the project.
Another factor that greatly facilitates letter writing is drafting one as soon as possible after you have taught or trained the candidate, while your impressions are still clear. You might consider encouraging the candidate to make their requests early [ 11 ]. These letters can be placed in the candidate’s portfolio and maintained in your own files for future reference. If you are writing a letter in response to a request, start drafting it well in advance and anticipate multiple rounds of revision before submission. Once you have been asked by a candidate to write a letter, that candidate may return frequently, over a number of years, for additional letters. Therefore, maintain a digital copy of the letter for your records and for potential future applications for the same candidate.
In the opening, you should introduce yourself and the candidate, state your qualifications and explain how you became acquainted with the candidate, as well as the purpose of the letter, and a summary of your recommendation ( Table 2 ). To explain your relationship with the candidate you should fully describe the capacity in which you know them: the type of experience, the period during which you worked with the candidate, and any special assignments or responsibilities that the candidate performed under your guidance. For instance, the letter may start with: “This candidate completed their postdoctoral training under my supervision. I am pleased to be able to provide my strongest support in recommending them for this opportunity.” You may also consider ranking the candidate among similar level candidates within the opening section to give an immediate impression of your thoughts. Depending on the position, ranking the candidate may also be desired by selection committees, and may be requested within the letter. For instance, the recommendation form or instructions may ask you to rank the candidate in the top 1%, 5%, 10%, etc., of applicants. You could write "the student is in the top 5% of undergraduate students I have trained" Or “There are currently x graduate students in our department and I rank this candidate at the top 1%. Their experimental/computational skills are the best I have ever had in my own laboratory.”. Do not forget to include with whom or what group you are comparing the individual. If you have not yet trained many individuals in your own laboratory, include those that you trained previously as a researcher as reference. Having concentrated on the candidate’s individual or unique strengths, you might find it difficult to provide a ranking. This is less of an issue if a candidate is unambiguously among the top 10% that you have mentored but not all who come to you for a letter will fall within that small group. If you wish to offer a comparative perspective, you might more readily be able to do so in more specific areas such as whether the candidate is one of the most articulate, original, clear-thinking, motivated, or intellectually curious.
Key do’s and don’ts when writing a letter of recommendation
Theme | Do | Do Not |
---|---|---|
Describe all scholarly outputs in equal weight e.g., preprints, protocols, engineered animal models, computer models, software among others. Describe all scholarly and non-scholarly outputs in equal weight e.g., teaching, service, advocacy efforts. Promote the whole human candidate. | Do not ignore the candidate’s non-peer reviewed (e.g. preprints, data or code or protocols submitted to repositories) or in-press outputs. | |
Describe the candidate’s preprints and journal publications in terms of their quality and impact on your work and the field. | Do not judge papers by where they are published. It is the quality of the science & the reputation of the researcher, not the journal’s brand, that matters. Avoid paying excessive attention to how many papers the candidate has published in the family of journals. Refrain from boasting the journals impact factor (JIF) or journal name in the letter as publication in glamour journals does not validate the candidate’s research or guarantee a promising & successful career path. | |
Use agentic (e.g., confident, ambitious, independent) and standout (e.g., best, ideal) adjectives for all candidates, focusing on relevant accomplishments for the opportunity. | Avoid communal words (e.g., kind, affectionate, agreeable) that are more often used for women. Avoid using doubt raising phrases such as “He might be good”, or “she may have potential”, “she has a difficult personality”. | |
Make a criticism sound less damaging. e.g., “When candidate started at my laboratory, their skills were poorly developed, but they have worked diligently to improve them and have taken major steps in that direction.” | Do not leave out important, relevant information even if it may be perceived as negative, put a positive spin on it. | |
Do explain how the candidate’s current and prior work contributes to your laboratories research efforts. | Do not compare the candidate as being as good as person and , but not as good as person . This type of information creates subjectivity. | |
Include context for your scientific field and how the candidate’s research fits into and advances the field. | Do not merely describe mastery of techniques. Pay attention to the candidate’s wider comprehension of the field and their impact on their discipline. Avoid too much jargon and field-specific language, as often a broad audience will be reading the letter. |
The body of the recommendation letter should provide specific information about the candidate and address any questions or requirements posed in the selection criteria (see sections above). Some applications may ask for comments on a candidate’s scholarly performance. Refer the reader to the candidate’s CV and/or transcript if necessary but don’t report grades, unless to make an exceptional point (such as they were the only student to earn a top grade in your class). The body of the recommendation letter will contain the majority of the information including specific examples, relevant candidate qualities, and your experiences with the candidate, and therefore the majority of this manuscript focuses on what to include in this section.
The closing paragraph of the letter should briefly 1) summarize your opinions about the candidate, 2) clearly state your recommendation and strong support of the candidate for the opportunity that they are seeking, and 3) offer the recipient of the letter the option to contact you if they need any further information. Make sure to provide your email address and phone number in case the recipient has additional questions. The overall tone of the letter can represent your confidence in the applicant. If opportunity criteria are detailed and the candidate meets these criteria completely, include this information. Do not focus on what you may perceive as a candidate’s negative qualities as such tone may do more harm than intended ( Table 2 ). Finally, be aware of the Forer’s effect, a cognitive error, in which a very general description, that fits almost everyone, is used to describe a person [ 20 ]. Such generalizations can be harmful, as they provide the candidate the impression that they received a valuable, positive letter, but for the committee, who receive hundreds of similar letters, this is non-informative and unhelpful to the application.
In discussing a candidate’s qualities and character, proceed in ways similar to those used for intellectual evaluation ( Box 1 ). Information to specifically highlight may include personal characteristics, such as integrity, resilience, poise, confidence, dependability, patience, creativity, enthusiasm, teaching capabilities, problem-solving abilities, ability to manage trainees and to work with colleagues, curriculum development skills, collaboration skills, experience in grant writing, ability to organize events and demonstrate abilities in project management, and ability to troubleshoot (see section “ Use ethical principles, positive and inclusive language within the letter ” below for tips on using inclusive terminology). The candidate may also have a specific area of knowledge, strengths and experiences worth highlighting such as strong communication skills, expertise in a particular scientific subfield, an undergraduate degree with a double major, relevant work or research experience, coaching, and/or other extracurricular activities. Consider whether the candidate has taught others in the lab, or shown particular motivation and commitment in their work. When writing letters for mentees who are applying for (non-)academic jobs or admission to academic institutions, do not merely emphasize their strengths, achievements and potential, but also try to 1) convey a sense of what makes them a potential fit for that position or funding opportunity, and 2) fill in the gaps. Gaps may include an insufficient description of the candidate’s strengths or research given restrictions on document length. Importantly, to identify these gaps, one must have carefully reviewed both the opportunity posting as well as the application materials (see Box 1 , Table 2 ).
When writing letters to nominate colleagues for promotion or awards, place stronger emphasis on their achievements and contributions to a field, or on their track record of teaching, mentorship and service, to aid the judging panel. In addition to describing the candidate as they are right now, you can discuss the development the person has undergone (for specific examples see Table 2 ).
A letter of recommendation can also explain weaknesses or ambiguities in the candidate’s record. If appropriate – and only after consulting the candidate - you may wish to mention a family illness, financial hardship, or other factors that may have resulted in a setback or specific portion of the candidate’s application perceived weakness (such as in the candidate’s transcript). For example, sometimes there are acceptable circumstances for a gap in a candidate’s publication record—perhaps a medical condition or a family situation kept them out of the lab for a period of time. Importantly, being upfront about why there is a perceived gap or blemish in the application package can strengthen the application. Put a positive spin on the perceived negatives using terms such as “has taken steps to address gaps in knowledge”, “has worked hard to,” and “made great progress in” (see Table 2 ).
Describe a candidate’s intellectual capabilities in terms that reflect their distinctive or individual strengths and be prepared to support your judgment with field-specific content [ 12 ] and concrete examples. These can significantly strengthen a letter and will demonstrate a strong relationship between you and the candidate. Describe what the candidate’s strengths are, moments they have overcome adversity, what is important to them. For example: “candidate x is exceptionally intelligent. They proved to be a very quick study, learning the elements of research design and technique y in record time. Furthermore, their questions are always thoughtful and penetrating.”. Mention the candidate’s diligence, work ethic, and curiosity and do not merely state that “the applicant is strong” without specific examples. Describing improvements to candidate skills over time can help highlight their work ethic, resolve, and achievements over time. However, do not belabor a potential lower starting point.
Provide specific examples for when leadership was demonstrated, but do not include leadership qualities if they have not been demonstrated. For example, describe the candidate’s qualities such as independence, critical thinking, creativity, resilience, ability to design and interpret experiments; ability to identify the next steps and generate interesting questions or ideas, and what you were especially impressed by. Do not generically list the applicant as independent with no support or if this statement would be untrue.
Do not qualify candidate qualities based on a stereotype for specific identities. Quantify the candidate’s abilities, especially with respect to other scientists who have achieved success in the field and who the letter reader might know. Many letter writers rank applicants according to their own measure of what makes a good researcher, graduate trainee, or technician according to a combination of research strengths, leadership skills, writing ability, oral communication, teaching ability, and collegiality. Describe what the role of the candidate was in their project and eventual publication and do not assume letter readers will identify this information on their own (see Table 2 ). Including a description about roles and responsibilities can help to quantify a candidate’s contribution to the listed work. For example, “The candidate is the first author of the paper, designed, and led the project.”. Even the best mentor can overlook important points, especially since mentors typically have multiple mentees under their supervision. Thus, it can help to ask the candidate what they consider their strengths or traits, and accomplishments of which they are proud.
If you lack sufficient information to answer certain questions about the candidate, it is best to maintain the integrity and credibility of your letter - as the recommending person, you are potentially writing to a colleague and/or someone who will be impacted by your letter; therefore, honesty is key above all. Avoid the misconception that the more superlatives you use, the stronger the letter. Heavy use of generic phrases or clichés is unhelpful. Your letter can only be effective if it contains substantive information about the specific candidate and their qualifications for the opportunity. A recommendation that paints an unrealistic picture of a candidate may be discounted. All information in a letter of recommendation should be, to the best of your knowledge, accurate. Therefore, present the person truthfully but positively. Write strongly and specifically about someone who is truly excellent (explicitly describe how and why they are special). Write a balanced letter without overhyping the candidate as it will not help them.
Beware of what you leave out of the recommendation letter. For most opportunities, there are expectations of what should be included in a letter, and therefore what is not said can be just as important as what is said. Importantly, do not assume all the same information is necessary for every opportunity. In general, you should include the information stated above, covering how you know the candidate, their strengths, specific examples to support your statements, and how the candidate fits well for the opportunity. For example, if you don’t mention a candidate’s leadership skills or their ability to work well with others, the letter reader may wonder why, if the opportunity requires these skills. Always remember that opportunities are sought by many individuals, so evaluators may look for any reason to disregard an application, such as a letter not following instructions or discussing the appropriate material. Also promote the candidate by discussing all of their scholarly and non-scholarly efforts, including non-peer reviewed research outputs such as preprints, academic and non-academic service, and advocacy work which are among their broader impact and all indicative of valuable leadership qualities for both academic and non-academic environments ( Table 2 ).
Provide an even-handed judgment of scholarly impact, be fair and describe accomplishments fairly by writing a balanced letter about the candidate’s attributes that is thoughtful and personal (see Table 2 ). Submitting a generic, hastily written recommendation letter is not helpful and can backfire for both the candidate and the letter writer as you will often leave out important information for the specific opportunity; thus, allow for sufficient time and effort on each candidate/application.
Making the letter memorable by adding content that the reader will remember, such as an unusual anecdote, or use of a unique term to describe the candidate. This will help the application stand out from all the others. Tailor the letter to the candidate, including as much unique, relevant information as possible and avoid including personal information unless the candidate gives consent. Provide meaningful examples of achievements and provide stories or anecdotes that illustrate the candidate’s strengths. Say what the candidate specifically did to give you that impression ( Box 1 ). Don’t merely praise the candidate using generalities such as “candidate x is a quick learner”.
Gender affects scientific careers. Avoid providing information that is irrelevant to the opportunity, such as ethnicity, age, hobbies, or marital status. Write about professional attributes that pertain to the application. However, there are qualities that might be important to the job or funding opportunity. For instance, personal information may illustrate the ability to persevere and overcome adversity - qualities that are helpful in academia and other career paths. It is critical to pay attention to biases and choices of words while writing the letter [ 13 , 14 ]. Advocacy bias (a letter writer is more likely to write a strong letter for someone similar to themselves) has been identified as an issue in academic environments [ 3 ]. Studies have also shown that there are often differences in the choice of words used in letters for male and female scientists [ 3 , 5 ]. For instance, letters for women have been found not to contain much specific and descriptive language. Descriptions often pay greater attention to the personal lives or personal characteristics of women than men, focusing on items that have little relevance in a letter of recommendation. When writing recommendation letters, employers have a tendency to focus on scholarly capabilities in male candidates and personality features in female candidates; for instance, female candidates tend to be depicted in letters as teachers and trainees, whereas male candidates are described as researchers and professionals [ 15 ]. Also, letters towards males often contain more standout words such as “superb”, “outstanding”, and “excellent”. Furthermore, letters for women had been found to contain more doubt-raising statements, including negative or unexplained comments [ 3 , 15 , 16 ]. This is discriminative towards women and gives a less clear picture of women as professionals. Keep the letter gender neutral. Do not write statements such as “candidate x is a kind woman” or “candidate y is a fantastic female scientist” as these have no bearing on whether someone will do well in graduate school or in a job. One way to reduce gender bias is by checking your reference letter with a gender bias calculator [ 17 , 18 ]. Test for gender biases by writing a letter of recommendation for any candidate, male or female, and then switch all the pronouns to the opposite gender. Read the letter over and ask yourself if it sounds odd. If it does, you should probably change the terms used [ 17 ]. Other biases also exist, and so while gender bias has been the most heavily investigated, bias based on other identities (race, nationality, ethnicity, among others) should also be examined and assessed in advance and during letter writing to ensure accurate and appropriate recommendations for all.
The recommendation letter should be written using language that is straightforward and concise [ 19 ]. Avoid using jargon or language that is too general or effusive ( Table 1 ). Formats and styles of single and co-signed letters are also important considerations. In some applications, the format is determined by the application portal itself in which the recommender is asked to answer a series of questions. If these questions do not cover everything you would like to address you could inquire if there is the option to provide a letter as well. Conversely, if the recommendation questionnaire asks for information that you cannot provide, it is best to explicitly mention this in writing. The care with which you write the letter will also influence the effectiveness of the letter - writing eloquently is another way of registering your support for the candidate. Letters longer than two pages can be counterproductive, and off-putting as reviewers normally have a large quantity of letters to read. In special cases, longer letters may be more favourable depending on the opportunity. On the other hand, anything shorter than a page may imply a lack of interest or knowledge, or a negative impression on the candidate. In letter format, write at least 3-4 paragraphs. It is important to note that letters from different sectors, such as academia versus industry tend to be of different lengths. Ensure that your letter is received by the requested method (mail or e-mail) and deadline, as a late submission could be detrimental for the candidate. Write and sign the letter on your department letterhead which is a further form of identification.
Recommendation letters can serve as important tools for assessing ECRs as potential candidates for a job, course, or funding opportunity. Candidates need to request letters in advance and provide relevant information for the recommender. Readers at selection committees need to examine the letter objectively with an eye for information on the quality of the candidate’s scholarly and non-scholarly endeavours and scientific traits. As a referee, it is important that you are positive, candid, yet helpful, as you work with the candidate in drafting a letter in their support. In writing a recommendation letter, summarize your thoughts on the candidate and emphasize your strong support for their candidacy. A successful letter communicates the writer’s enthusiasm for an individual, but does so realistically, sympathetically, and with concrete examples to support the writer’s associations. Writing recommendation letters can help mentors examine their interactions with their mentee and know them in different light. Express your willingness to help further by concluding the letter with an offer to be contacted should the reader need more information. Remember that a letter writer’s judgment and credibility are at stake thus do spend the time and effort to present yourself as a recommender in the best light and help ECRs in their career path.
S.J.H. was supported by the National Institutes of Health grant R35GM133732. A.P.S. was partially supported by the NARSAD Young Investigator Grant 27705.
ECR | Early-Career Researcher |
CV | Curriculum Vitae |
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
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Format of a letter of recommendation, tips for writing a letter of recommendation, letter of recommendation examples, how to write a letter of recommendation for a friend, start writing.
Sometimes, a former colleague pops up in your inbox to ask you for a favor. This time, it’s a letter of recommendation. If you loved working with this coworker, you’d jump at the opportunity to help them out.
There’s only one problem: you’ve never written a letter like that before. You don’t even know where to begin — it’s time to learn how to write a letter of recommendation.
Writing an effective letter of recommendation takes time, thoughtfulness, and insight into the person’s background and character.
If you’re willing to write a letter for this person, you’re likely overflowing with praise for them. But how do you balance your high regard with professionalism? This article discusses what a letter of recommendation is and how to write an effective one. It also includes valuable examples to get you started.
A letter of recommendation highlights a person’s skills, knowledge, and experience to bolster an application. Someone who knows a candidate writes one of these letters to vouch for them, expressing why they’re the best person for the opportunity.
A professional letter of recommendation is usually addressed to a hiring manager, admissions committee, or potential employer. You might also need to write one for someone applying for any of the following:
A new home or apartment
Scholarships, grants, or awards
A new job
Fellowship programs
Graduate or professional school programs
As the letter writer, your communication skills are tested since you’re responsible for painting a positive picture of this person. Someone you once managed might be changing careers ; they need you to highlight their transferable skills .
Your letter could include positive comments about how they have strong public speaking skills and experience juggling multiple deadlines simultaneously.
Research has shown that people referred for a job are 4x more likely to be offered it than those without a referral. While a recommendation isn’t necessarily an internal referral, these letters show that someone credible vouches for the letter’s subject to have this position. A good letter of recommendation can make or break an application.
Let’s not confuse a letter of recommendation for a reference letter. While a letter of recommendation focuses on skills, knowledge, and experience, a reference letter describes a person’s character. It’s when you describe their work ethic and personal qualities. Both letters require specific examples and details, but they address different aspects of a person.
A reference letter:
Used for generic reasons
Doesn’t have to be for professional reasons
Provides an overview of a person’s character and qualities
A letter of recommendation:
Used for specific positions or opportunities
Includes details and examples
Written by someone in an authoritative position, like a former manager or professor
You could be a little rusty when it comes to formatting a letter — or maybe this is completely new to you. One CBS poll found that 37% of Americans said it's been over five years since they've written a personal letter , and 15% had never done it at all. Don't fret if you relate. It’s never too late to learn a new skill.
Writing a letter of recommendation requires you to flex your organizational skills . If that’s something you struggle with, you might benefit from a letter of recommendation template. We've got you covered.
Here are five sections you should include in your letter:
Greetings: Keep this section short and sweet. This is where you address the recipient of the letter. Make sure you know how to spell their name and title properly, or write a general greeting like "To whom it may concern" or “Dear [University Name] admission committee.”
Introduction: In your introduction, explain who you are, your relationship to the candidate, and why you recommend them for the opportunity. Consider briefly explaining why you're writing this letter and hint at what you'll discuss further down.
Body of the letter: This section contains the most important information. It'll include an overview of the person's past experiences, skills, and industry knowledge. Make sure to share short personal anecdotes with details that illustrate their abilities. For instance, you might describe the person's communication skills by using an example of when they were part of a large research project you worked on together and had to communicate effectively with team members.
Closing statement: A good letter needs a solid closing statement. It's your chance to summarize your points and highlight why you're giving this person a strong recommendation. Be succinct and thorough, but avoid repeating details.
Your signature: It's time to finish your letter. Add your signature and contact information at the very end to signal it's over.
Understanding how to structure your letter will help organize the writing process. Make sure you’re thoughtful with your words and pay attention to the details .
Here are five tips to consider when writing a letter of recommendation:
Collect all the necessary information before you begin writing
Keep a positive voice, but avoid clichés
Tailor your tone to the situation
Focus on highlighting the most important details
Proofread your letter several times
The things you include in a letter for someone hoping to gain admission into graduate school differ from someone trying to secure a job offer. Each letter follows the same format, but the details are different.
You may find that getting the first few words down is the hardest, and that's understandable. But once you start your introduction, the rest of the letter will follow suit.
Here are three examples of how to start letters of recommendation for different scenarios, plus a few things to keep in mind for the rest of the letter:
It's my pleasure to recommend [Person's name] for the Data Scientist role at X Company. I was [Person's name] supervisor from 2011-2021 and valued their deep knowledge of software programs, time management skills, and prior experience.
Above all, their innovative problem-solving techniques helped our team excel on projects. I've watched their skills grow immensely and think they'd be an ideal candidate for the job.
Next, share detailed examples of the person's problem-solving techniques and expand on how much they've grown throughout the years. Finish the letter by telling this employer how lucky their company would be to have this candidate based on your examples and their skills.
I highly recommend [Person's name] for admission to the [program] at X University. I am a psychology professor at Y University and had the pleasure of teaching [Person's name] in [course code] during their bachelor's degree in nutrition.
[Person's name] stood out from the other students because of their ability to research topics with exceptional depth and use feedback to strengthen their knowledge on how best to present nutritional studies. They thrive in collaborative environments because of their superb teamwork skills and communicate effectively with peers and colleagues.
Consider finishing the letter by expanding on the candidate's research topics and explaining some of the reasons why they have good teamwork and communication skills. It will help to know more about the program they’re applying to and which strengths to emphasize.
Each admissions committee will have different criteria, so tailor your examples to reflect the skills they’ll need to succeed.
I highly recommend choosing [Person's name] for your annual marketing scholarship. I'm a former coworker of [Person's name] from 2015-2022 and saw firsthand how skilled they execute marketing strategies and intuitively understand data to predict future trends.
[Person's name] started as an intern and has since secured a full-time paid position. In their time at X Company, they demonstrated exceptional leadership skills and a high level of professionalism, which is why they'd be an ideal candidate for your scholarship. They would represent your scholarship and their school with dignity and integrity.
The body of your letter should include references to specific projects the person worked on and how they’ve become a great leader in the workplace to show the selection committee why they best meet the scholarship’s criteria.
If a friend has asked you to write them a personal letter of recommendation, it won’t be as professional in tone as a letter a former employee or manager requests. It will act more like a reference letter by leaning on their character while highlighting strengths and accomplishments.
Here are a few things to consider when writing a letter of recommendation for a friend:
Ask for details: It would be tough to provide specific examples without details about what you’re recommending them for. Asking your friend for details on where they’re applying will help you structure your letter and pack it with the most valuable information.
Explain your relationship: This doesn’t have to be long but describe how you know the person. Explain if you have a professional working relationship or if you’ve known each other since childhood. This gives you credibility as a letter writer.
Share your contact information: Include ways for people to contact you for a potential follow-up. Consider using your work email address or LinkedIn profile.
You could encounter a situation where you don’t want to write a letter of recommendation for a friend. Whatever your reason is, don’t feel pressured to write a letter. Learning how to say “no” helps you solidify your boundaries and honor your values.
Learning how to write a letter of recommendation tests your organizational and communication skills. You need to be precise and articulate with your praise — and that’s not easy, especially if you’ve never written a letter of recommendation before.
These letters are for various purposes, like landing a job, getting into a school, or signing a lease agreement. No matter the purpose, these letters should meet the same guidelines. You’ll always benefit from being detailed, asking the person questions for greater clarity about the application, and including all necessary sections.
Remember that writing a letter of recommendation requires your authentic self . You have to be honest with your recommendation and reasons for offering it. After you’ve written it, be proud of yourself. You’ve taken the time to do something kind for someone else, and kindness never goes out of style.
Unlock the power of clear and persuasive communication. Our coaches can guide you to build strong relationships and succeed in both personal and professional life.
Maggie Wooll is a researcher, author, and speaker focused on the evolving future of work. Formerly the lead researcher at the Deloitte Center for the Edge, she holds a Bachelor of Science in Education from Princeton University and an MBA from the University of Virginia Darden School of Business. Maggie is passionate about creating better work and greater opportunities for all.
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A reference letter serves as a formal endorsement of an individual’s skills, character, and achievements, typically penned by a former employer, colleague, or academic mentor.
This guide aims to empower professionals with the tools and knowledge to craft effective reference letters, combining best practices with practical templates to streamline this essential task.
Understanding the different types of reference letters is crucial for professionals, as each type caters to specific contexts and highlights various aspects of an individual’s profile. Below, we explore three key types: Professional, Academic, and Character Reference Letters.
Professional reference letters are written by a previous employer, supervisor, or professional colleague. They focus on the applicant’s work experience, skills, and professional achievements. These letters are often required during job applications or for career advancement opportunities.
These letters should detail the individual’s role, responsibilities, key accomplishments, and work ethic. It’s essential to mention specific instances where the individual demonstrated their skills and contributed to the organization’s success.
Related Article: Who to Use for Professional References
Academic reference letters are typically requested for educational pursuits, such as college admissions, scholarships, or academic awards. Written by teachers, professors, or academic advisors, these letters highlight the individual’s academic achievements, intellectual capabilities, and potential for future success in their field of study.
They should reflect on the individual’s academic performance, participation in class, and any notable projects or research work. This type of letter often emphasizes the individual’s dedication, curiosity, and ability to overcome academic challenges.
Character reference letters focus primarily on the personal attributes of an individual. They are usually written by someone who knows the person well but is not a family member, such as a mentor, family friend, or community leader.
These letters are particularly important when assessing an individual’s suitability for a role that requires a high degree of trust and integrity. They should provide insights into the individual’s character, values, and behaviors, illustrating how these traits have been beneficial in various situations.
Related Article : How Many References Should You Have?
In crafting a letter of recommendation, it’s essential to tailor the content to the specific needs and strengths of the individual. Whether it’s for a professional role, character assessment, or a remote work position, each letter should effectively highlight the candidate’s unique qualities and contributions.
These examples are designed to provide a clear understanding of how to articulate a candidate’s abilities and achievements in a manner that resonates with the recipient, ensuring the letter is both compelling and relevant to the candidate’s desired opportunity.
Taylor Robinson Hiring Committee Chair Innovatech Solutions 321 Future St. Techville, TV 32167 April 5, 2024
Dear Mr./Ms. Robinson,
It is with great enthusiasm that I recommend Laura Smith for the position of Project Manager at Innovatech Solutions. As the Senior Director of Project Management at TechGenius, I had the privilege of observing Laura’s professional growth and remarkable contributions over her four-year tenure as an Assistant Project Manager.
Laura’s standout achievement was her leadership in the “GreenTech Initiative” project in 2020. Under her guidance, the project not only met but exceeded its objectives, achieving a 30% increase in energy efficiency for our client’s products. Her strategic planning, combined with her ability to seamlessly integrate new technology into existing systems, was critical to the project’s success. Laura’s innovative approach and meticulous attention to detail were instrumental in securing a 15% grant for future sustainability projects for TechGenius.
Beyond her technical skills, Laura’s interpersonal abilities truly set her apart. Her team leadership and conflict resolution skills were pivotal during challenging project phases, ensuring team cohesion and maintaining client satisfaction. Her mentorship of junior staff members has left a lasting positive impact on our department.
I am confident that Laura will bring the same level of exceptional performance, dedication, and innovation to the Project Manager role at Innovatech Solutions. Her blend of strategic foresight, technical expertise, and leadership ability makes her an excellent fit for your team. I strongly recommend her for this position and believe she will be a valuable asset to your organization.
Please feel free to contact me for any further information or clarification.
John Doe Senior Director of Project Management, TechGenius [email protected] +1 555 123 4567
Jane Doe Human Resources Manager Green Earth Initiatives 123 Business Rd. Business City, BC 12345 January 1, 2024
Dear Ms. Doe,
I am writing to express my wholehearted support for Emily Johnson’s application for the Community Outreach Coordinator position at Green Earth Initiatives. As Emily’s coworker at Design & Innovate Corp for over five years, I have had the privilege of witnessing her exceptional character and dedication to community service.
Emily has always been more than just a proficient graphic designer ; she is a driving force for positive change within our community. One of her most notable contributions was her volunteer work with the local “Food for All” campaign, where she not only designed impactful promotional materials but also played a crucial role in organizing community food drives. Her efforts helped raise awareness and significant donations for the cause, demonstrating her compassion and commitment to helping those in need.
What truly sets Emily apart is her genuine empathy and integrity. She often takes the initiative to support new team members and creates an inclusive and welcoming work environment. Her ability to connect with people from diverse backgrounds, combined with her strong ethical values, makes her an outstanding role model and team player.
Emily’s passion for community engagement, along with her innate ability to inspire and mobilize people toward a common goal, makes her an ideal candidate for the Community Outreach Coordinator role. I am confident that her exceptional interpersonal skills and dedication to social causes will enable her to excel in this position and make a meaningful impact at Green Earth Initiatives.
Please do not hesitate to contact me if you require any further information or insights regarding Emily’s character and abilities.
Warm regards,
David Thompson Senior Graphic Designer, Design & Innovate Corp [email protected] +1 555 678 9101
Alex Martinez Hiring Manager VirtualTech Inc 456 Justice Ave. Law City, LC 45678 March 10, 2024
Dear Attorney Martinez,
I am delighted to recommend Mark Benson for the position of Lead Software Engineer at VirtualTech Inc. As the CTO of NetSolutions, where Mark has been working remotely for the past three years, I have had ample opportunity to observe his exceptional technical abilities and adaptability to the remote working model.
During his tenure with us, Mark was instrumental in developing our flagship product, CloudSync, a complex cloud storage solution. His technical expertise, particularly in cloud computing and cybersecurity, was vital in overcoming the project’s significant challenges. Despite the remote setting, Mark’s consistent communication and collaboration were standout qualities. He regularly led virtual team meetings and coding sessions, ensuring that all team members, regardless of their location, were aligned and engaged.
What impresses me most about Mark is his self-motivation and time management skills, crucial in a remote work environment. He has an innate ability to prioritize tasks effectively and meet deadlines without compromising on the quality of work. His initiative to conduct weekly virtual training sessions for the team not only enhanced our collective skill set but also fostered a sense of community and teamwork among remote employees.
Mark’s blend of technical acumen, excellent communication, and leadership skills, along with his proven ability to thrive in a remote work environment, makes him an ideal candidate for VirtualTech Inc. I am confident that he will be a valuable asset to your team and contribute significantly to your company’s success in the digital realm.
Please feel free to contact me if you would like further information or specific examples of Mark’s work and achievements.
Susan Lee Chief Technology Officer , NetSolutions [email protected] +1 555 234 5678
When composing a reference letter, it’s essential to include certain key elements to ensure the letter is effective and provides a comprehensive overview of the candidate’s qualifications.
These elements include:
The sender’s information is a critical component of any reference letter, as it establishes the credibility and authority of the person writing the letter.
This section should be clearly outlined at the top of the letter and include the following details:
The salutation in a reference letter is more than just a formality; it sets the tone for the communication and shows respect for the recipient.
Here are key elements to consider:
The opening paragraph of a reference letter is pivotal in establishing the context of your relationship with the candidate and setting the stage for the endorsement to follow.
Here are some elements to include in this initial section:
The body paragraphs are the core of the reference letter, where you provide detailed insights into the candidate’s qualifications, skills, achievements, and character.
Here’s how to structure this section effectively:
Remember, the goal of these paragraphs is to provide a vivid picture of the candidate’s abilities and character. Well-chosen examples and stories make your endorsement more convincing and help the recipient understand why the individual is an excellent fit for the opportunity.
The closing paragraph of a reference letter is where you encapsulate your overall recommendation and express your support for the individual.
Here are some elements to include:
Here’s how to conclude your letter appropriately:
Related Article: When Do Employers Check References?
This reference letter template is designed for professionals to easily adapt and customize according to the specific needs of the individual being recommended. Simply fill in the blanks and modify the text as necessary to suit your context.
[Your Name] [Your Title or Position] [Your Company or Organization] [Your Contact Information (Address, Phone Number, Email)] [Date]
[Recipient’s Name] [Recipient’s Title or Position] [Recipient’s Company or Organization] [Recipient’s Address]
Dear [Recipient’s Name],
I am writing to recommend [Candidate’s Full Name] for [Position/Opportunity/Program] at [Recipient’s Company/Organization/School]. As [Your Position] at [Your Company/Organization], I have had the pleasure of working with [Candidate’s Name] for [Duration of Relationship] and have witnessed [his/her/their] significant contributions first-hand.
[In this paragraph, provide specific examples of the candidate’s skills, achievements, and qualities. Mention a particular project or responsibility and the impact of their work. Highlight any unique attributes that set the candidate apart.]
[This paragraph should continue to build on the candidate’s qualifications. Include personal anecdotes or stories that illustrate their capabilities and character. Focus on how their contributions positively affected your team or organization.]
I am confident that [Candidate’s Name] will bring [his/her/their] remarkable [skills/qualities, such as leadership, creativity, dedication] to [Recipient’s Company/Organization/School]. [His/Her/Their] ability to [specific skill or contribution] makes [him/her/them] well-suited for [Position/Opportunity/Program]. I strongly endorse [his/her/their] candidacy and believe [he/she/they] will be a valuable addition to your [team/program/organization].
Please feel free to contact me at [Your Contact Information] if you require any further information or specific examples of [Candidate’s Name]’s work and achievements.
[Your Handwritten Signature (if applicable)]
[Your Typed Name] [Your Position]
Related Article: How to Provide References for a Job
Crafting effective letters of recommendation requires a delicate balance of showcasing the candidate’s strengths, providing specific examples, and employing persuasive language. Here are some valuable tips to help you navigate the intricacies of this crucial task.
When writing a letter of recommendation, it’s powerful to quantify the candidate’s achievements. Use specific figures and statistics to illustrate their accomplishments. For example, instead of saying “significantly increased sales,” specify “increased sales by 30% over six months.” This provides concrete evidence of their capabilities and makes their achievements more tangible and credible. Quantifying contributions also helps the recipient gauge the scale and impact of these accomplishments, offering a clearer picture of the candidate’s potential.
Tailor the letter to the specific position or opportunity the candidate is applying for. Highlight skills and experiences that are directly relevant to the job requirements or academic program. For instance, if the candidate is applying for a leadership role, emphasize their successful team management experiences. This shows that you understand what the role entails and have thoughtfully considered how the candidate’s skills and experiences make them a good fit, making your recommendation more relevant and persuasive.
Identify important terms in the job listing or academic program description, such as “project management,” “analytical thinking,” or “creative problem-solving,” and weave them into your letter. This not only tailors the letter to the specific role but also ensures it passes through any automated screenings, increasing the chance that your recommendation will be read by decision-makers.
Utilize technology platforms for efficient reference letter management. For example, online reference request platforms simplify the process of requesting, writing, storing, and submitting letters of recommendation. These tools often offer templates, reminders, and the ability to submit letters directly to institutions or employers.
Leveraging such technology can streamline the process, ensuring timely submission and organization of your reference letters, while also offering a secure way to manage sensitive personal information contained within these documents.
Related Article: Reference Check Questions
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The success of your graduate school application relies on the quality of the recommendation letters professors write on your behalf. What goes into a helpful recommendation letter? Check out the sample letter of recommendation written by a professor. What makes it work?
Below is the body of an effective recommendation letter, written by a professor.
To: Graduate Admissions Committee
It is my pleasure to write on behalf of Jane Student, who is applying to the Ph.D. program in Research Psychology at Major University. I have interacted with Jane in several contexts: as a student, as a teaching assistant, and as a thesis mentee.
I first met Jane in 2008, when she enrolled in my introductory Psychology class. Jane immediately stood out from the crowd, even as a first-semester freshman. Just a few months out of high school, Jane demonstrated characteristics commonly held by the best college students. She was attentive in class, prepared, submitted well-written and thoughtful assignments, and participated in meaningful ways, such as by debating other students. Throughout, Jane modeled critical thinking skills. Needless to say, Jane earned one of five A’s awarded in that class of 75 students. Since her first semester in college Jane has enrolled in six of my classes. She demonstrated similar competencies, and her skills grew with each semester. Most striking is her ability to tackle challenging material with enthusiasm and endurance. I teach a required course in Statistics that, as rumor has it, most students dread. Students’ fears of statistics are legendary across institutions, but Jane wasn’t fazed. As usual, she was prepared for class, completed all assignments, and attended help sessions conducted by my teaching assistant . My teaching assistant reported that Jane seemed to learn concepts quickly, learning how to solve problems well before the other students. When placed in group work sessions, Jane easily adopted a leadership role, helping her peers learn how to solve problems on their own. It was these competencies that led me to offer Jane a position as a teaching assistant for my statistics class.
As a teaching assistant, Jane strengthened many of the skills I have articulated. In this position, Jane held review sessions and offered out-of-class assistance to students. She also lectured in class several times during the semester. Her first lecture was a bit shaky. She clearly knew the concepts but had difficulty keeping pace with PowerPoint slides. When she abandoned the slides and worked off the blackboard, she improved. She was able to answer students questions and the two that she couldn’t answer, she admitted to and said she’d get back to them. As a first lecture, she was very good. Most important to a career in academics, is that she improved in subsequent lectures. Leadership, humility, the ability to see areas in need of improvement, and the willingness to do the work needed to improve – these are all characteristics we value in academia.
Most important to a career in academics is research competence. As I have explained, Jane has an excellent grasp of statistics and other skills critical to a successful career in research, such as tenacity and excellent problem solving and critical thinking skills. As mentor of her senior thesis, I witnessed Jane in her first independent research efforts. Similar to other students, Jane struggled with finding an appropriate topic. Unlike other students, she conducted mini literature reviews on potential topics and discussed her ideas with a sophistication that is unusual for undergraduates. After methodical study, she chose a topic that fits her academic goals. Jane’s project examined [X]. Her project earned a department award, university award, and was presented as a paper at a regional psychology association.
In closing, I believe that Jane student has the capacity to excel at X and in a career as a research psychologist. She is one of a small handful of student that I have encountered in my 16 years teaching undergraduates that has this ability. Please do not hesitate to contact me with further questions.
What does this mean for you as a potential applicant to grad school ? Work to foster close, multidimensional relationships with faculty. Develop good relationships with several faculty because one professor often cannot comment on all of your strengths. Good graduate school letters of recommendation are built over time. Take that time to get to know professors and for them to get to know you.
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Published on October 30, 2020 by Lauren Thomas . Revised on June 1, 2023.
Letters of recommendation often make or break a graduate school application . It’s important to think carefully about who to ask and how to do it.
Ideally, you should approach former supervisors who know you and your work well, and can advise you. Different programs require different types of recommendation letters, but the process of requesting them is similar.
Follow these five steps to guarantee a great recommendation, including program-specific tips and email examples.
Step 1: choose who to ask, step 2: reach out and request a meeting, step 3: ask for a letter of recommendation, step 4: share your resume and other materials, step 5: remind your recommenders of upcoming deadlines, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about recommendation letters.
Your first step is to decide who you’ll ask to write a letter for you. Ideally, this should be someone who you worked with outside of just the classroom context—for example, a former professor who supervised your research.
It’s important to ask someone who knows you well, even if they are less well known than other professors at your institution. Graduate admissions committees want to get a good sense of your ability to perform well in their program, and this is difficult to accomplish if your recommender only knows you as a face in the crowd.
Who you should ask also strongly depends on the type of program that you’re applying to. Different programs prefer different qualities in their admitted students, and thus weigh types of recommenders differently. Take a look at the program-specific tips below.
For research programs (MPhil, DPhil, PhD , Research Master’s), graduate admissions committees are looking for evidence of your potential as a future researcher.
Since this is tricky to assess from test scores and transcripts, letters of recommendation are often the most important part of a graduate research program application.
Your letter should thus be from someone who can speak to your skills as a researcher. This could be, for example, a professor who supervised you on an independent research project, or the head of a lab that you worked in as an undergraduate.
If you worked as a full-time research or lab assistant after undergrad, ask your managers, who are usually full-time researchers themselves and therefore experts on what makes a good researcher.
Unlike most graduate programs, business schools are less interested in your undergraduate academic performance. Instead, they try to assess your potential to succeed in the workplace, particularly in managerial or leadership positions. The same applies to public policy and other professional programs.
Ideally, your letters of recommendation should come from current supervisors at your work. If this isn’t possible, you should ask coworkers who are senior to you and know your work well.
Although business schools normally prefer candidates with several years of experience, current undergraduates sometimes apply as well. In this case, you should ask internship supervisors or—as a last resort—professors who know you well.
Medical schools look for evidence that you are academically prepared for the study of medicine and that your character is well-suited to becoming a doctor. Admissions committees in medicine prefer academic references, but they also require a few extra steps.
Firstly, while graduate programs usually require two or three recommendation letters, medical schools often ask for more—you may have to submit up to six letters, some of which should be from former professors in the natural sciences.
In addition, many schools recommend that you submit a letter from the premedical advisory committee at your undergraduate institution, which summarizes your overall suitability for medical school. Be aware that deadlines for materials for these letters are very early—often the spring of the year before you are due to start medical school.
Finally, if you’ve worked on any research projects, you should submit a letter from your supervisor. Medical schools view research competence as a plus.
Law school letters of recommendation should mostly be from former professors or other academic supervisors.
You should only use non-academic recommenders if they can directly speak to your suitability to study law—for example, if you regularly work with lawyers, or if your job involves skills like critical reading or research that are relevant to legal practice.
The next step is to get in contact with your potential recommender. If you haven’t talked to them in a while, begin your email with a quick reminder to jog their memory. Be friendly, direct, and concise.
If possible, it’s best to plan a meeting to discuss your request. However, if this isn’t practical (for example, if you’ve moved far away from your undergrad institution), you can skip this step and head straight to the third.
Hi Professor Smith!
I hope that everything is going well with you and that you’re still enjoying teaching your seminar on the post World War II international order. I thoroughly enjoyed taking it with you last year as a junior.
I’m currently thinking about what I want to do next year, which will hopefully involve graduate work in political science, and was hoping to meet with you to discuss your thoughts on graduate school. Do you have any time over the next few weeks to meet?
Make your request during your meeting or, if necessary, via email. Let them know what sort of programs you are applying to and when the deadlines are. Make sure to give your recommenders plenty of time!
Instead of just asking for a recommendation letter, specifically ask if they can write you a strong recommendation . This allows your recommender an “out”—for example, if they don’t feel they know you well enough. A bad or even lukewarm recommendation is the kiss of death for any application, so it’s important to ensure your letters will be positive!
If they say they can’t give you a strong recommendation, don’t panic. This gives you the opportunity to ask someone else who can provide you a better recommendation.
Hi Professor Jones!
How are you? I hope everything is going well and you’re still teaching Introduction to Labor Economics to eager students!
I’ve been out of school for a year now, working as a full-time research assistant in New York City. Come this fall, I’m hoping to apply to a few programs for graduate school, mostly doctoral programs in Economics.
Since I took two economics classes with you (Introduction to Labor Economics in Spring 2018 and Industrial Organization in Fall 2019), I was hoping that you might agree to serve as a letter writer for my graduate program. I wanted to highlight my work in labor economics, since that’s what I’m hoping to study in graduate school. Also, since I loved your classes, I thought you might be a good person to ask!
The letters of recommendation would be due to each individual program’s website in December. I understand, of course, if you’re too busy this summer or if you don’t feel that you would be the best fit to write a letter. My goal is simply to paint as complete a picture as possible of my undergrad career at Western. If you’d like, we can also discuss this on the phone.
I look forward to hearing back from you!
You should send your resume or CV to your recommenders, along with any other material that might jog their memory or aid in their recommendation.
For instance, you may want to send along your statement of purpose or writing sample if one is requested in your application. Admission committees are looking for a cohesive story that the letters of recommendation, personal statement , and CV work together to tell.
You should also check whether the school provides any prompts or guidelines for recommenders. Many programs want your recommenders to comment on your potential to serve in the specific role the graduate program prepares you for. See the program-specific tips below.
Finally, you should send an email to your recommenders a few weeks before the letters are due, reminding them of the deadline and asking if there is anything else you can send them to assist in writing the letter.
If any materials are late, programs will often reject your entire application, so it is imperative that your recommenders get their letters in on time. However, you should also keep in mind that your letter writers are probably quite busy, so don’t send too many reminders!
Dear Professor Jones,
Hope the semester is going well! Thank you again for agreeing to serve as my recommender. I just wanted to send you a quick reminder that recommendations for Program X, Y, and Z are due in two weeks, on December 15. Please let me know if you need anything else from me, and thank you again!
If you want to know more about college essays , academic writing , and AI tools , make sure to check out some of our other language articles with explanations, examples, and quizzes.
College essays
Academic writing
Choose people who know your work well and can speak to your ability to succeed in the program that you are applying to.
Remember, it is far more important to choose someone who knows you well than someone well-known. You may have taken classes with more prominent professors, but if they haven’t worked closely with you, they probably can’t write you a strong letter.
This depends on the program that you are applying for. Generally, for professional programs like business and policy school, you should ask managers who can speak to your future leadership potential and ability to succeed in your chosen career path.
However, in other graduate programs, you should mostly ask your former professors or research supervisors to write your recommendation letters , unless you have worked in a job that corresponds closely with your chosen field (e.g., as a full-time research assistant).
It’s best to ask in person if possible, so first reach out and request a meeting to discuss your graduate school plans.
Let the potential recommender know which programs you’re applying to, and ask if they feel they can provide a strong letter of recommendation . A lukewarm recommendation can be the kiss of death for an application, so make sure your letter writers are enthusiastic about recommending you and your work!
Always remember to remain polite. Your recommenders are doing you a favor by taking the time to write a letter in support of your graduate school goals.
If you want to cite this source, you can copy and paste the citation or click the “Cite this Scribbr article” button to automatically add the citation to our free Citation Generator.
Thomas, L. (2023, June 01). How (and Who) to Ask For a Letter of Recommendation. Scribbr. Retrieved July 17, 2024, from https://www.scribbr.com/graduate-school/letter-of-recommendation/
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Undergraduates need them for graduate-school applications; PhD students and postdocs use them to apply for fellowships and jobs; senior scientists often have to have them to apply for awards and promotions. But writing an effective and personal recommendation letter can be time-consuming, especially for academics who must juggle grant applications, manuscripts, teaching and student supervision. And some might struggle to say the right things to support a former employee or student in their career move, while sounding original and unique.
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doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-02186-8
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Are you struggling with writing a convincing letter of recommendation for a PhD candidate? Look no further than our letter of recommendation template for PhDs. This comprehensive guide provides examples that fit various academic disciplines, so you can edit them as needed to make sure the letter addresses your candidate’s unique strengths and experience.
Crafting a letter of recommendation for a PhD can be daunting, but with our template as your starting point, you’ll be able to approach the process with more confidence. Our examples cover all the critical elements of a well-written letter, from a warm and personalized opening to a specific discussion of the candidate’s accomplishments and contributions to the field.
Whether you’re a professor, employer, or colleague of the PhD applicant, you want to present a detailed, thoughtful letter that captures their potential and highlights their strengths. Using our letter of recommendation template for PhDs, you’ll have a framework that allows you to do just that. Start with our examples and customize them to match the candidate and program requirements, and you can be sure that the recommendation you provide will help boost your candidate’s chances of being accepted.
Are you tasked with writing a letter of recommendation for someone who is applying for a PhD program? Well, let me tell you – it can be a daunting task. But fear not, because I’m here to help you out with the perfect structure for your letter of recommendation.
First things first, you want to start your letter off strong with an introduction. This should include who you are and how you know the applicant. You want to establish your credibility upfront so that the admissions committee knows that your opinion holds weight.
Next, it’s important to provide an overview of the applicant’s academic and professional qualifications. This is where you can really highlight their strengths and show why they would be a great fit for the PhD program. Be specific and provide examples of their accomplishments and achievements.
After that, it’s time to get personal. In this section, you want to talk about the applicant’s character and work ethic. Admissions committees want to know that the applicant is not only qualified but is also a good fit for their program. Give examples of how the applicant has demonstrated leadership, collaboration, and a passion for their field of study.
Finally, wrap up your letter with a strong conclusion. Reiterate why you think the applicant would be a great addition to the PhD program and encourage the admissions committee to seriously consider their application.
Remember, your letter of recommendation can make all the difference in the applicant’s acceptance into the program. By following this structure, you can ensure that you’re providing a well-rounded and impressive recommendation.
Good luck and happy writing!
Best, [Your Name]
Recommendation for phd in computer science.
Dear Admissions Committee,
It is my pleasure to write this letter of recommendation for John Doe, who is applying for a PhD program in Computer Science. John was my student for two courses in computer programming, and he consistently demonstrated his passion for the subject and his ability to grasp complicated concepts. He was also an active participant in discussions and offered valuable insights on various topics.
John has a strong academic record, with grades consistently in the top 10% of his class. He has also been involved in several research projects, with two of them resulting in published papers. His dedication to research and problem-solving make him an excellent candidate for a PhD program. John will undoubtedly make valuable contributions to the research community and improve the field of Computer Science.
As such, I wholeheartedly recommend John for admission to your esteemed PhD program in Computer Science.
Professor Jane Smith
I am writing to recommend Jane Doe for admission to your PhD program in Psychology. Jane has been a research assistant in my lab for two years, during which she has demonstrated exemplary research skills and dedication to her work. She has contributed to several projects, including authoring two peer-reviewed journal articles.
Jane has a sharp mind and analytical skills, which are critical for research in Psychology. She is also a great communicator and has presented her findings at several conferences. She is an excellent team player and has collaborated with other researchers to produce meaningful insights.
I have no doubt that Jane will continue to excel in her research and become an accomplished researcher in Psychology. I highly recommend her for admission to your PhD program.
Warm regards,
Professor John Smith
Dear Scholarship Committee,
I am writing this letter of recommendation for Tom Smith, who is applying for a PhD scholarship. Tom was my research assistant for two years, during which he exhibited hard work, dedication, and a deep interest in the research field. He has shown an impressive ability to understand and apply research concepts from diverse fields.
Tom has an excellent academic record, and he has received recognition for his contributions to several published papers. He has also demonstrated leadership skills by organizing research seminars and workshops. Tom’s dedication to research sets him apart, and he promises to make significant contributions to the research community.
Therefore, I highly recommend Tom Smith for the PhD scholarship. His passion for research, tireless work ethic, and profound intellect make him an excellent candidate for the scholarship.
Professor Emma Brown
Dear Hiring Committee,
I am pleased to write this letter of recommendation for Maria Brown, a former student of mine who is applying for a PhD teaching assistantship in your department. During her studies, Maria demonstrated an exceptional grasp of the course material, and she regularly outperformed her peers in coursework and exams.
As a teaching assistant, Maria was dedicated and highly effective. She went above and beyond in her duties, devoting extra time to help students grasp difficult concepts. Maria’s excellent communication skills and ability to simplify complex material made her a valuable asset to the department.
Overall, I recommend Maria Brown without hesitation for the position of PhD teaching assistant. Her passion for the subject matter, strong work ethic, and excellent communication skills make her a strong candidate for the role.
Best regards,
Professor Michael Lee
Dear Internship Program Director,
I am writing this letter of recommendation for Jack Wilson, a student of mine who is applying for a PhD research internship in your department. Jack has an excellent academic record, and his aptitude for research is exceptional. I have supervised him for the past two years and have been impressed by his excellent research skills.
Jack demonstrates a keen understanding of research methodology and the ability to critically evaluate research. He approaches every project with a dedicated and focused mind and strives to illustrate the significance of his work. His attention to detail ensures that the work he produces is of the highest quality.
I strongly recommend Jack for the PhD research internship. His passion for research, excellent analytical skills, and dedication to detail make him an excellent choice for the program.
Professor Eric Johnson
I am writing to recommend extending the PhD program duration for Jane Smith. Jane is a PhD candidate under my supervision, and she is an exceptional researcher with great potential.
Jane has made significant contributions to research in her field, and her work has resulted in several high-impact publications. However, some unexpected life events have hindered progress on her dissertation. As a result, Jane requires additional time to complete her research and write her dissertation.
Jane has demonstrated excellent academic performance and has a record of service to the department, and she is ideally qualified to complete her PhD research in this field. I strongly recommend granting Jane the extension of her PhD program duration and offering her the opportunity to complete her research and authority in the field.
Professor Katherine Hill
Writing a letter of recommendation is an important responsibility that can greatly impact a PhD applicant’s chances of being accepted into a program. Crafting a compelling letter of recommendation requires careful consideration and attention to detail. Below are some tips to help you create a strong letter of recommendation that accurately reflects the applicant’s qualifications:
Overall, writing a letter of recommendation can be a challenging but rewarding task. By following these tips and putting thought and care into the process, you can help the applicant stand out and increase their chances of being accepted into the PhD program of their choice.
And that’s a wrap! I hope you found this letter of recommendation template for PhD students helpful. Remember, your recommendation letter should highlight your strengths, achievements, and potential as a researcher. And don’t forget to ask for your recommender’s permission before using their letter as a template! Thank you for reading and please feel free to visit again for more tips and tricks to help you succeed in your academic journey. Stay curious and keep learning!
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For PhD students, a letter of recommendation is a crucial component of the application documents. While other admissions materials, like transcripts and test results, are factual, a recommendation letter for PhD students integrates the plans and facts of a CV and statement of purpose.
A résumé is a summary of your accomplishments, transcripts are evidence of your achievements, and an SOP describes the significance of the course and your readiness for it. A P hD recommendation letter is an unbiased opinion on everything mentioned above. TOP EXAMS : IELTS | TOEFL | GRE | GMAT Country Guide : UK | Ireland | Australia | Canada
Letter of recommendation for phd students: qualities to focus on.
A PhD application usually requires at least two letters of recommendation for students from their professors. This allows the admission committee to know the applicants as people with skills that would otherwise be difficult to know from their resumes, transcripts and SOP.
A PhD recommendation letter should mention at least three qualities of the applicant – a social quality and at least two technical or subject-related qualities.
Moreover, as a PhD is an advanced specialised programme, the subject-related quality should be focused on projects carried out and specialised courses that will aid his/her PhD research. Read the complete article to know all the details about PhD letter of recommendation, PhD reference letter samples, and more.
A recommendation letter for PhD student from professors holds much more importance than those applying for undergraduate or master's courses. Grades and GRE scores play a big role in receiving admission from a university.
The LOR for PhD admission is usually the deciding factor when choosing between candidates with similar credentials. Go through the key points to be included in the reference letter for PhD students from the professor to gain an understanding of what it is before you ask your professor to write a PhD reference letter for you.
A PhD candidate must provide two letters of recommendation (LORs). Nevertheless, to ensure caution, it is recommended that the candidate should prepare a minimum of three LORs. Various universities may have different requirements for LORs from recommenders.
Usually, universities require applicants to submit two or three Letters of Recommendation (LORs) for PhD from their previous educational institution.
For undergraduate programs, these LORs can be obtained from teachers at your high school, while for masters or PhD, professors from your university can provide them.
A Professional Letter of Recommendation (LOR) for PhD from a Supervisor differs from an Academic LOR by emphasizing certain content related to the applicant's teamwork skills, industry knowledge, and leadership qualities.
Before asking someone for a recommendation letter for PhD application, you should know whom to ask. PhD is purely an academic degree and therefore you need to have a recommendation letter for PhD from those who can vouch for your academic inclination and strengths. PhD recommendation letter should be written by academicians with whom you have worked or someone who has supervised or taught you.
If you are aspiring for a PhD programme or want a lor for PhD post-doctoral research, you should ideally ask your master's project guide or PhD guide to be one of the referees for your letter of recommendation for PhD students.
Your faculty must go through a sample recommendation letter for a PhD from a professor before sitting down to write one recommendation letter PhD for you. Other letters of recommendation for PhD students from teachers and professionals can be taken from persons who are from the same field or specialization in which you intend to do your PhD.
You can also take your recommendation letter for doctoral programs from your supervisor who has an understanding of your academic capabilities.
Friends and relatives are not supposed to write your LOR for PhD admission for a number of reasons; first, they do not have first-hand information about your academic capabilities. Second, as they have not professionally or academically worked with you, they would not be able to present relevant information in the PhD letter of recommendation about you.
Also, the recommender might not have in-depth knowledge of the discipline you intend to do a PhD. Last but not least, relatives cannot be objective about your qualities. That's why it is not a great idea to take your student recommendation letter from them. So a letter of recommendation for PhD students from teachers, professors, supervisors, coaches, etc., is only applicable.
The person who is writing a letter of recommendation for PhD students would be a professional who has known the applicant academically for no less than one year.
The recommender should not only know you as one of the students in the department, but they should also know you as a person, your capabilities as a student, as well as your control over the subject they have been teaching. They should also be aware of your plans.
Recommendation letters for Ph.D. students from supervisors, and professors are very subject-specific. Referees should speak of strong subject knowledge as well as analysis traits.
A Letter of recommendation for PhD student should show the student as possessing positive qualities like intelligence, self-motivation, responsibility, and amiableness. Emphasis should be given to passion and dedication as well.
Advanced study like a Ph.D. is often a challenging and demanding program. Therefore, the LOR for PhD admission should also display perseverance, competitiveness and the ability to work independently. Courses and knowledge related to PhD programme-related packages, extra courses, and statistical analysis techniques should be exemplified in the letter of recommendation for the PhD program.
A student recommendation letter for a PhD will typically be between one to two pages. The document of recommendation letter for PhD student should be well differentiated into 5–6 paragraphs.
The LOR for PhD should begin with an introductory paragraph about the recommender and his/her association with the applicant. You must read a PDF of the PhD recommendation letter sample before you ask your recommenders to give you one.
The next 3 to 4 paragraphs in the letter of recommendation for PhD program should outline the different academic and social qualities of the applicant with suitable substantiation.
No quality should be mentioned without a suitable example. Finally, the concluding paragraph will sum up the above with a line recommending the applicant for the programme.
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Below is a LOR for PhD sample from a professor. Candidates can consider it as a letter of recommendation format for PhD and refer to it while writing their LOR for PhD.
sample recommendation letter for phd student from professor
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Addressee | Dear Admission Committee, |
About the reviewer association with the applicant. | It is a pleasure to recommend Ms Tenzin Pema for a PhD programme in Psychiatry at [University Name]. I have known Ms Tenzin for the past two years through her work in my Project titled, ‘Learned Helplessness and Achievements in Adolescent Males and Females’. Pema has completed her Masters and MPhil in Adolescent Psychology from [University Name]. She first approached me two years ago about the possibility of working in my project as a Research Fellow. We discussed the scope of the project and her job responsibilities in our first meeting. |
Quality 1 Subject knowledge | She had asked good questions and also referred to a few studies that have been carried out by the students in the Department as their Master's and M. Phil Projects. I was impressed by her preparedness for the interview and her inquisitiveness to know more on the subject. On appointment, I often found her in the library looking for other similar studies done. She often discussed her findings with me as well as discussed the course of action and possible evaluation techniques for the project. After a long secondary research, we decided to evaluate our subjects on the NEO-Five Factor Inventory (FFI) before the actual experiment. This study examined the psychometric properties of the Children's Attributional Style Questionnaire (CASQ), the 48-item questionnaire designed to assess children's causal explanations for positive and negative events |
Quality 2. Leadership skill | During that project, Pema demonstrated the ability to work independently with creativity and enthusiasm as well as effectively lead a team of 3 Project Fellows for sample selection and data collection techniques. She trained the team on all aspects of the NEO-Five Factor Inventory (FFI) as well as CASQ. She was also able to collect the CASQ data of more than 50% of the students a year later. |
Quality 3. Social and Communication Skills and Analysis skills | Her communication skills put both the subject as well as the interviewer at ease thus facilitating an unbiased and effective data collection. Pema has good clarity on the various data analysis statistical packages especially MATLAB and ANOVA which immensely helped us in doing a comparative study through various methods. She was quick to learn R and use it effectively for analysis. She would invariably be the first person at the school well-prepared for the day. |
Quality 4. Team skills | The Project Fellows in the project always had praise for Pema. They always mentioned her patience and perseverance in clarifying their doubts about the standardised data collection and analysis techniques. Pema had doubled her efforts on data collection when she found that one of the project fellows was down with a fever and cold. She had not let this affect the Project Schedule. |
Quality 5. Creativity and patience | Pema is very creative and patient with the kids. The long questionnaire would be too tedious for the kids so she would often make origami for them as they worked on the questionnaire. |
Quality 6. Achiever | Her hard work and perseverance paid off when her paper, ‘Learned helplessness and achievements in pre-adolescent males and females’ was selected for publication in an International Journal. |
Strong Recommendation | Ms Tenzin Pema is clearly the best student that I have worked with in the past few years. I strongly recommend her for a PhD programme from [University Name]. She would be an asset to any university she joins. |
Referee information | ABC DEF Professor Department of Social Psychology University Name City Email ID: Contact No: |
Like there is a letter of recommendation for PhD students from professors, you can also read about PhD reference letter sample pdf, sample LOR for graduate school from coworker pdf, letter of recommendation for PhD in computer science, sample recommendation letter for employee, etc which will give you a fair idea what a recommendation letter is all about.
A recommendation letter for PhD students from a professor or supervisor gives a human touch to the applicant’s profile. A reference letter for PhD student from a professor is the only document that can present the applicant’s social side to the admission committee.
Therefore, choose a referee who can not only substantiate your academic strengths but also cite appropriate examples of your social qualities in your recommendation letter for PhD students.
It is crucial that the person writing your recommendation letter is someone who is familiar with your academic abilities. The most frequent writers of letters of recommendation are academics; professors or supervisors, but, other experts who are familiar with you and have overseen your academic or research work may also be suitable candidates.
The reference letter should be 1-2 pages long with 5-6 paragraphs.
PhD suggestions are highly specialised. Referees should emphasise both analytical skills and in-depth topic understanding. Letters of recommendation for students should highlight their intelligence, initiative, responsibility, and interpersonal skills.
Yes, PhD, postdoc, and scholarship applications typically require two to three letters of recommendation. These letters should come from professors who know your work and can detail your possibilities.
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How to write a recommendation letter, what to include in a recommendation letter for a student, how to use letter examples and templates, student recommendation letter example, character references and personal recommendations, character reference letter example, how to create a reference list, frequently asked questions (faqs).
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Students may need a letter of recommendation to land a job, secure an internship, or earn a spot in a competitive academic program. But to make a good impression on the recipient, a letter of recommendation must be more than just an enthusiastic endorsement—it must follow a specific format.
Whether you are a student who needs a letter of recommendation for an application, or you're writing an academic reference, here’s how to format your letter and what to include in the document. Plus, you’ll find a few samples to help guide your writing.
When you request a letter of recommendation (sometimes also called a letter of reference), be sure to give potential writers information on why you need the letter, and let them know why you think they are a good person to recommend you. For example, if you performed well in your professor's class and are asking them to write a recommendation for graduate school, tell them you enjoyed their course and felt your performance demonstrated your commitment to pursuing another degree program.
You might also provide the person with your most up-to-date resume or CV. These details will make it easier for them to write a personalized and targeted reference letter.
You should also provide all the information the person needs regarding how to submit the letter, what to include (if there are any requirements), and when it is due.
When writing a reference letter , be sure to explain how you know the student, and describe some of the qualities that make him or her a good candidate for the job or school. Use specific examples to demonstrate how the person has shown those qualities.
Focus on the specific job or school the person is applying for. Try to include qualities and examples that will help them get that position or get into that school.
Feel free to ask the person for whom you are writing the letter for more information. You might ask to see the job listing, their resume, or a list of their related coursework.
Contact Information If you’re writing a formal printed letter, include your contact information, as well as the recipient’s information, at the top of the letter.
Greeting If you are writing a personal recommendation letter, include a salutation to start your letter (Dear Dr. Smith, or Dear Ms. Jones, for example).
Paragraph 1: Introduction Explain why you're writing and how you are connected to the person you are recommending, including how you know them and for how long.
Paragraph 2/3: Why You're Writing Share information on the person you are writing about, including why they are qualified and what they have to offer. It's fine to include more than one paragraph to provide details of the student's academic and work performance. Including examples of how they have excelled is a good way to show how the person is qualified.
Paragraph 4: Summary Write a brief summary of why you are recommending the person. Mention that you "highly recommend" the person, that you "recommend without reservation," or something similar.
Paragraph 5: Conclusion Offer to share more information and let the reader know how to contact you (phone, email, etc.) for a follow-up conversation.
Letter Closing End your letter with a formal letter closing and your name and title. If you are mailing a printed letter, include your signature underneath your typed name:
Signature (for hard copy letter)
If you’re sending an email, include your contact information in your signature.
It is a good idea to review recommendation letter examples and templates before you write a recommendation letter or a request for a letter. They can help you decide what kind of content you should include in your document.
A letter template also helps you with the layout of your letter, such as how many paragraphs to include, how to sign the letter, and what elements you need to include (your contact information, for example).
While recommendation letter examples, templates, and guidelines are a great starting point, always tailor a letter to fit the particular situation
Download the recommendation letter template (compatible with Google Docs and Word Online) or see below for more examples.
The Balance
Brian Smith 123 Main Street Anytown, CA 12345 555-555-5555 brian.smith@collegemail.edu
March 9, 2024
Emma Johnson Owner Café Bistro 72 Dock Street Pacifica, Oregon 97233
Dear Ms. Johnson,
Daniel Williams worked as a server and manager at Central College’s student café under my supervision for seven semesters, beginning in Spring 2019.
Over that time, I was consistently impressed with his customer service and people management skills, as well as his dedication and good humor. I've often said that if I could clone Daniel, I'd never have to worry about staffing problems again. He's a truly gifted server, fast on his feet, and able to remember complicated orders without using an order pad.
He’s also an innovator. Thanks to his suggestions, we revamped the café menu last year to focus on the most popular dishes and dropped some expensive, time-consuming menu items. The result was a 10% increase in profits.
Our customers love him. More than one has suggested that Daniel become a “super senior,” so that he can stay with us next year. Alas, he’s graduating on schedule, with highest honors and a boatload of references to attest to his skill, hard work, and talent. I’m honored to be one of them.
I enthusiastically recommend Daniel for the position of server/manager in your café. If you have any specific questions about Daniel’s experience and skills, I’m happy to help. Please call me at 555-555-5555.
Brian Smith
Student Coordinator
Central College Café
A character reference is a recommendation written by someone who can attest to one’s character. These letters may be needed for people applying to join an association or purchase a property.
They can be used as an alternative to a professional reference for someone who doesn't have work experience, and they may also be required for jobs that require a high level of trustworthiness.
If you have limited work experience (or worry you will get a negative reference from your former employer), you might ask someone to write you a character reference. This might help balance out a negative employer reference.
Consider asking a friend, neighbor, club leader, colleague, or someone else who may never have employed you but can speak to who you are as a person.
If you are asked to write a character reference, focus on the person’s character traits and abilities. You can provide examples from personal interactions with that individual.
Download the character reference letter template (compatible with Google Docs and Word Online) or see below for more examples.
Jane Lee 330 Chestnut Street Kerry Springs, Massachusetts 01006
February 3, 2024
Sandra Gomez Program Director Kids at Play, Inc. Centertown, New Hampshire 03225
Dear Ms. Gomez,
Before I had the pleasure of working with Liz Dwyer on our neighborhood cleanup committee, I was her next-door neighbor for 10 years. It didn’t surprise me at all when she was the youngest person to show up for our initial organizational meeting or when she volunteered to take notes and spearheaded the playground project.
Liz is a very special young person, the kind that gives you hope for the future. It’s not just that she’s organized and dependable, although she is. It’s that she has passion, drive, and a deep optimism for what’s possible. I’ve seen firsthand how she uses that optimism to inspire others and help them see the possibilities in an empty lot or rundown corner.
I’ve also been impressed with Liz’s growth as an artist. Since she started at Eastern College, her talent has grown. She has used her new skills to improve our neighborhood, rallying the local kids to help her make a mosaic wall for the new playground.
I know she would be a bright light in your arts program, inspiring and guiding the kids in your care just as she has the kids on our block. I enthusiastically recommend her for the job. Please feel free to reach out to me at jane.lee@email.com or (413)555-6078 with any questions.
Best regards,
Jane Lee Director, Chestnut Street Block Association
A reference list is a page with a list of your references and their contact information. Send this letter as part of your job application if it is requested. Employers who ask for a reference list might call or email the people on that list and ask them for more information about you.
When creating your reference list, be sure to first ask permission from each person on your list. Not only is this polite, but this will give each person time to prepare a response for the employer. Make sure you provide all the necessary contact information for each person.
A letter of recommendation for a student should describe their positive qualities, including their academic achievements, interpersonal skills, work ethic, and character. To be effective, the letter should focus on skills and qualifications that are most valuable in the job or program for which the student is applying.
A recommendation letter should be at least a few paragraphs long, typically a page or two in length. It should contain specifics that illustrate why the subject is a good candidate for the job or position they’re seeking. The recommender should unreservedly endorse the subject of the letter.
Georgetown University Center for Research and Fellowships. " Do's and Don'ts of Writing Recommendation Letters ."
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Tips for writing letters of recommendation.
As a research mentor who works closely with students in the lab, you will likely be asked to write recommendation letters for your student for research fellowships. Below are some tips for writing good letters.
1. Be sure that the student has given you enough information about the program or fellowship for which the letter is requested. Also make sure that you will have enough time to write the letter before the deadline. It is the student’s responsibility to give you all the information you need and enough time – a few weeks is best. If they do not, you may decline to write the letter.
2. If the letter is confidential, be sure that the student has given you a preaddressed envelope that will go directly to the program and not to the student and that they have signed a waiver indicating that they will not have access to the letter or its contents.
3. If you do not think that you can write a strong or positive letter for the student because you don’t know them well enough, are not familiar with their strengths in the area specified by the program, or you do not think that they are a good fit for the program, it is a good idea to tell the student before you agree to write the letter. You may want to meet with the student to talk about the program, find out why they are applying and what you can say in support of their application. A weak or neutral letter is often worse than no letter at all. If you feel that you cannot write a good letter it may be better for the student to ask someone else.
4. Begin the letter by stating that you are recommending student X for the Y Fellowship. Then write a sentence or two indicating how long and in what connection you have known the student.
5. Direct your comments about the student to the specific interests of the program or fellowship to which they are applying. Is it purely research or are they also looking for leadership or community service activities?
6. It is a good idea to provide specific examples of the student’s qualifications for the program rather than to list their accomplishments as they appear on the student’s resume. The personal story can be more compelling than a list.
7. If you think that the student has some very positive attributes but at the same time has a problem, it is VERY helpful to the selection committee if you mention the problem or if you do not want to put confidential information in a letter, you may say that you would be willing to discuss the student in more detail by phone.
8. It is useful to the application review committee for you to discuss where you would rank this student among other students with whom you have worked. Is this student in the top 10% of students you have mentored in the lab? If you are just getting started as a mentor and recommendation letter writer, then obviously this would not be possible for you to do.
9. For some programs it is better for the student to have a letter that is signed by the lab PI or a faculty member. In this case, you may be asked by your PI to write the letter since you are working more directly with the student and can write in more detail about their commitment and abilities in the lab. Some PI’s will then ask you to co-sign the letter with them. Alternatively, the PI may ask you to write a summary of the student’s progress in the lab, but prefer to write their own letter.
10. If you are asked to write letters for a student for more than one program, make sure that the letter is adapted to reflect the specific focus of the program. And always double check to make sure that the heading, greeting and first sentence are correct for the new letter. Unfortunately, it is a common mistake to send a letter to a fellowship committee without making the editorial changes to address the committee of the new program.
11. You may be asked to write letters for more than one student for the same program; PRISE is a good example. Since the same reviewers will read these letters, it is important to make each letter as individual and personal as possible.
Read the Faculty Handbook (see bookmarks).
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Letters of recommendation.
Many research or funding programs will ask you to submit letters of recommendation as part of your application. At first glance, this sounds like a simple task, but there is advance preparation and steps that need to be followed in order to avoid missteps or burning bridges.
Letters of recommendation are an important component of an application. They allow selection committees to understand your strengths and weaknesses from another perspective, providing additional insight into your accomplishments, preparations, and experiences. A well-written recommendation from a mentor who can speak to your preparation, and the fit between the opportunity and your goals, can positively impact the outcome of your application.
The information outlined below and addressed in the workshop answers many of the common questions students ask with regard to letters of recommendation. Always review the instructions for the application you are preparing for specific guidelines.
The first step is to carefully review the criteria and parameters stated in the application. How many letters are required? Are there guidelines as to who should write your letters of recommendation? Is there a questionnaire that recommenders need to complete or specific questions they need to address in their letter? It is your responsibility, as the applicant, to read the guidelines carefully, and to ensure the people you ask to serve as recommenders fit the criteria and are aware of the guidelines.
Consider the opportunity and determine who is best positioned to speak to your qualifications for that specific opportunity. You want to ask recommenders who know you well and who can write a thorough and meaningful letter that speaks to your qualifications and potential to contribute to the project you are joining, or to successfully complete the project you are proposing. They should be able to describe your work positively, provide detailed examples of how you have demonstrated the skills and attributes required for the opportunity you are seeking, and be able to favorably compare you with your peers.
In general, people who you may consider asking include:
Letters of recommendation from family and friends are not appropriate.
For a student perspective on asking for recommendations, take a look at this student research blog post: Letters of Recommendation: Who I Asked and Why
Don’t wait until the last minute to ask for letters of recommendation. It’s preferable to give your recommenders at least a few weeks of lead time to craft a thoughtful, effective letter. Be respectful of your recommenders’ time; they have many competing obligations, and if you wait until the last minute to approach them they may not be able to accommodate your request.
Set up a meeting with potential recommenders to discuss the project proposal you’re developing or the opportunity you’re applying for. Reach out through email, providing general insight into the purpose of the meeting. The email templates give you an idea of how you can structure this email.
Dear Professor ____,
I hope this finds you well. I would like to set up a meeting with you to discuss ______.
Through our previous conversations and my participation in _________, I believe you’re aware of my goal to ______. I have sincerely appreciated your guidance and support as I have moved through my undergraduate career. Your course on _______ opened my eyes to so many possibilities, which has led me to _______. As you may remember, I have been active with ______ and completed _______ to build my skill set and further explore my interest in _____, which was sparked by your course.
Looking ahead to my next steps, I am preparing an application for ________ to ________. I would like to discuss my plans with you, as well as to ask if you would be willing to write a letter of recommendation in support of my application.
Are you available next week or the following week for a meeting to discuss this further? I am available Tuesday and Thursday mornings. I can adjust my schedule on other days to fit with your availability.
Thank you in advance for considering this request. I also wanted to extend an additional thank you for the support you’ve provided to me over the past _____ semesters. Your mentoring and confidence in me has had a positive impact on my academics, and I can’t thank you enough. I look forward to talking with you soon.
Sincerely, Jonathan Husky
Dear (Advisor/Mentor Name),
I hope you are doing well. I wanted to set up a meeting to talk about my future plans for ______, and ask if you will consider supporting my application with a recommendation letter.
Although I have only worked with you for a short amount of time, this experience has been much more impactful to my journey and personal growth than just a number of months could predict. Over this time, I have had the rare opportunity to contribute to _____--something I am wholeheartedly passionate about--while also learning many valuable skills from you and others. In particular, your strong exemplification of ______, _____, and _____abilities are qualities that I someday aim perfect and emulate in the same capacity. I truly feel that _____ opportunity has made me a more well-rounded, improved version of myself through the example and support that you have provided for me along the way. I sincerely value the relationship I have been able to develop with you as a mentor.
I really appreciate any time and consideration you are able to provide for this request. Please let me know if there is a particular day or time in the next couple of weeks that would work well for you, and I will do my best to make myself available.
Thank you for the continuous support you have provided through my time working with you-- I am truly lucky to have you as a role-model guiding me through my final year as an undergraduate! I look forward to hearing back soon and setting up a meeting.
In preparation for the meeting, compile and draft the following materials and plan to bring them with you, or have them ready to share electronically:
Plan to leave materials with your recommender or forward the materials to them once they agree to write a letter on your behalf.
Be prepared to guide the conversation. Use the meeting as an opportunity to share your interests in and motivations to pursue an opportunity or engage in a research project. Plan to talk about what you’ve done thus far to prepare yourself to be successful in this undertaking. You can also use this as an opportunity to get feedback on your proposal or application.
During the course of your conversation, politely ask if they would be willing to write a letter of recommendation on your behalf. Be prepared to discuss why you’re approaching them specifically, and how you feel a recommendation from them will contribute to your application. Consider the conversations you’ve had with them previously; the advice, guidance, and support they’ve provided, and the ways in which they have shaped your academic career and goals.
Example 1: I have learned so much about ____ (specific topics or areas of study) ____over the semester through taking your class, and I have appreciated the conversations we’ve had during office hours about your research and career path. These conversations have helped me clarify the direction I want to go, and I am eager to build my experience and skill set through _____ (engaging in, participating in, working at, etc.) ______. I want to ask if you are willing write a letter of recommendation in support of my application. I feel that you are best positioned to speak to my academic abilities and interests, and my potential.
Example 2: I am so grateful for the support and guidance you’ve provided to me over the years. It has been invaluable in shaping my career path and helping me determine my next steps. As I prepare to apply for ____ (program, opportunity, funding, etc.) ____, I want to ask if you are willing to write a letter of recommendation in support of my application. My other recommenders are familiar with my academic abilities, but as my research mentor, I feel you are the best person to speak to my dedication, persistence, and adaptability in the face of challenges. You’ve seen how hard I’ve worked on the research project, the contributions I’ve made, and how I’ve managed to troubleshoot and overcome setbacks. These are qualities and attributes the selection committee emphasizes in their criteria, and I feel you would be best positioned to speak to the ways in which I’ve demonstrated these qualities and attributes.
If the answer is “yes,” then provide your recommender with the information and instructions you brought with you or prepared in advance of the conversation, and go over the submission deadline and process for submission.
After your meeting send a thank you note to your recommender letting them know you appreciate their willingness to write a letter on your behalf.
Prior to the application deadline, it is your responsibility to confirm that letters of recommendation have been received. If they have not submitted the letter, send a polite reminder of the upcoming deadline to your recommenders, thanking them again for writing your recommendation.
Don’t forget to keep your recommenders apprised of the outcome of your application and your project, checking in with them periodically and sharing updates.
First, do not take it personally. There are many reasons why a potential recommender may decline your request. If the answer is “no,” respect their decision and accept it graciously. It’s essential to maintain your composure and professionalism; you don’t want to lose the opportunity for future advising or mentorship.
Why faculty/advisors may decline your request:
On occasion, you may be asked for references in lieu of letters of recommendation. In this case, you will need to provide the names and contact information for a specified number of people who are willing to speak on your behalf. Similar to letters of recommendation, you want to approach people who know you well and who you feel will be able to speak to your skills, attributes, and potential for success.
Always ask for permission before you provide names and contact information for references. From the perspective of those who serve as references, there is nothing worse than having an employer call out of the blue to ask about a student who gave out your name without your knowledge. If your references are caught off guard and unprepared for a call, the likelihood of them giving a glowing reference decreases significantly.
Approach potential references in the same manner as you would if asking for a letter, scheduling a time to talk with them and preparing to discuss what you’re applying for. Once they agree to serve as a reference, confirm their contact information, making sure you are giving out the phone number and email address of their choosing.
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Use this letter of recommendation template to give references to a former student or a former team member. Tailor this sample to fit your feedback on that specific person. This letter may also be called “employee reference letter.”
Nobody likes a blank page when they’re asked to write a letter of recommendation – even if you have a lot to say, you might need some help to put your thoughts in order. We created a template to get you started and compiled some tips on how to flesh out your own letter.
Since your former student or employee asked you for a letter of recommendation, they’ll probably expect you to give positive feedback on their work. If you’re not sure whether you can actually recommend them, or if you don’t remember your interactions with them too well, you could let them know you’re unable to send a letter at this point.
So, what do you say in a letter of recommendation? Here’s an efficient process you can use from the start:
What should be written in a letter of recommendation depends on the purpose of that letter. Is your former team member applying to a Master program, an internship, or a job? Who do you need to address the letter to and what will this person be most likely interested in?
The answers to these questions will help you include the right information. For example, if your former team member applies for an education program on machine learning, it’ll be more helpful if you included how well they did at a machine learning project under your supervision. Or, if you know that the job they wish to get requires leadership skills, give relevant examples, too.
If you don’t have this information, consider asking your former student or colleague for more details or choose more generic examples to include.
It’s useful to refresh your memory on this person’s work or your own experiences with them. If they were a former student, they might have completed projects under your supervision. If they were a former team member, you could consult any available notes on their performance.
In general, try to answer these questions:
Answers to these questions will help you shape your letter of recommendation.
Here are two templates to get you started, one for a former employee and one for a former student:
Dear [ insert name ],
I am writing to recommend [ employee_name ]. [ He/She/They ] worked with us at [ company_name ] as a [ employee_job_title ] and [ reported to me/ worked with me ] in my position as [ insert your job title ].
As an employee, [ employee_name ] was always [ insert quality ]. During [ his/her/their ] time in my team, [ he/she/they ] managed to [ insert example ].
I’ve always put a premium on [ insert quality ] among my team members and [ employee_name ] never failed to deliver. An example was when [ insert example ].
[ Employee_name ] is a delight to work with and I wouldn’t hesitate to hire [ him/her/them ] again.
Should you have any further questions about [ him/her/them ], feel free to reach me at [ phone number ].
[ Your name and signature ]
I am writing to recommend [ student_name ]. I am [ job_title ] at [ institution ] and [ student_name ] was my [ student/ PhD candidate/ lab assistant/ etc. ] for [ X months/ years ].
As a student, [ student_name ] was always [ insert quality ]. During [ his/her/their ] time in my class, [ he/she/they ] worked on [ insert projects ] and managed to [ insert example ].
I’ve always put a premium on [ insert quality ] among my students and [ student_name ] never failed to deliver. An example was when [ insert example ].
[ Student_name ] is [ insert personality attribute ] and I wouldn’t hesitate to collaborate with [ him/her/them ] again.
Our templates give you an outline of what you could include, but feel free to modify them or add as many examples as you think are important. Here are a few things to consider:
For example, see a modified letter of recommendation sample for two cases (the information and names included are fictional):
Dear Ms Edwards,
I am writing to recommend May Thompson. She worked with me at Acme Inc. as a Senior Sales Manager and reported to me in my position as VP of Sales.
As an employee, May was always reliable and resourceful. During her time in my team, she managed to build a strong sales team from scratch. Her team exceeded our annual goals on closed deals for three consecutive years. May also conducted high-impact customer research and made a number of key recommendations for our product positioning strategies.
I’ve always put a premium on leadership and problem-solving qualities among my team members and May never failed to deliver on both fronts. An example was how she motivated her team members with multiple fun competitions that she also used as coaching opportunities for more junior employees. She also helped resolve a major conflict between the sales and product team regarding features our customers were asking for.
May is a delight to work with – a team player with a positive, can-do attitude all the way. I wouldn’t hesitate to hire her again if the opportunity arose.
Should you have any further questions, feel free to reach me at +10000000.
Sarah Potter
VP of Sales, Acme Inc.
To the admissions office of MIT,
I am writing to recommend Luke Thompson for your PhD program in chemical engineering. I am a professor of chemical engineering at Acme University for over 15 years and I specialize in nanotechnology. Mr Thompson was my student for two years before he got his Bachelor’s degree from Acme.
As a student, Mr Thompson always possessed a curious mind and was eager to learn. During his time in my class, he worked on various projects where he conducted research on nanotechnology and biotechnology. His grades on all these projects were outstanding, as his papers were well-researched, well-structured and offered brilliant insights. One example is his project about nanosensors and their impact on the field of biomedicine. We submitted this paper to a conference held in Berlin and got immediately accepted.
I’ve always put a premium on initiative and hard work among my students and Mr Thompson never failed to deliver. An example was when he and a couple of other students organized learning sessions with different professors. In these open sessions, any student could ask questions on each professor’s field of expertise. Mr. Thompson was the one who suggested that these sessions could work as informal career orientation for younger college or high school students, too.
Mr Thompson is intelligent, hard working and has a great passion for the field of chemistry and chemical engineering. I wouldn’t hesitate to collaborate with him in an academic capacity.
Should you have any further questions about him, feel free to reach me at +1000000.
Professor Sally McPhee
These two letter of recommendation samples give you an idea of how you could shape your own reference letter. Whether it’s a letter of recommendation from employer or a letter of recommendation for students, our guide will make the process faster.
You can download the Letter of recommendation template word from the link below, or the recommendation letter template in pdf format .
More resources:
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WTO / Letters and Emails / 22 Best Academic Recommendation Letter Samples
An academic recommendation letter is written by a representative of the school that a recommendee attended or is still attending to inform them about the capabilities and achievements of the student. It is usually needed during job interviews, educational scholarship placements, and award recommendations to persuade interviewers’ perspectives toward the student’s application.
Its purpose is to highlight the strengths, character, interests, activities, accomplishments, and contributions of the student during their time in school to increase their chances of getting a job, promotion, or scholarship. It is written by teachers, school administrators, counselors, and coaches. It necessarily details a student’s academic results and considers their overall social aspects and character.
It is essential for providing the academic history, performance, and strengths of a student, similar to what a transcript does only with more personalization. Thus, the recommendation letter provides an organization’s applicant’s aims and extra information about their academics to complement other attached documents like a cover letter and CV.
Mentioned below are some types of such letters:
College recommendation letters are written to assist students in applying to college. They highlight the achievements, academic strengths, character, and contributions of the student while in high school or a former college in the case of transfers.
A graduate school recommendation letter helps employees, researchers, and undergraduates who wish to extend their education to graduate school. The academic prowess, project accomplishments, and strengths of the applicant are mentioned in the letter to show the graduate institution why they should give the student a chance to go further with their education
A job application recommendation letter is written to an organization or interviewer where a recommendee has applied for a job to increase their chances of getting considered. This kind of recommendation letter includes details of the strengths of the student applicant.
Letters to acquire financial assistance are written to verify that a student applying for financial help is worthy of assistance from donors or scholarships to fund their studies. Financial aid is limited to students with excellent academic portfolios or who participate in curriculum activities like sports or community development; hence, a written reference from their teachers, coaches, or administration is used to verify their qualification for financial aid.
It is used for acquiring a teaching assistant position at a university. It highlights the student’s progress in past or present learning institutions.
Academic faculties of the learning institution that the student attended can give this letter. Such people, mandated to write it, include:
It follows a professional and formal guideline. The letter’s writer should provide relevant details that should be included in it.
You can write it by following these steps:
It feels more personalized when addressed to the correct recipient; hence, the applicant should provide details of the institution, department, or individual that the letter should address.
Dear Hiring Manager,
The introduction section of this letter should give a brief opening statement detailing the purpose of writing it on behalf of the applicant.
This letter expresses my support for Mary Anderson to gain admission into your graduate program at Harvard University in the sciences department.
This letter is bound to present the overall performance of a student in various subjects and their progress, including their strengths.
Some of the points of interest to talk about in this section include:
Extracurricular activities outside the classroom by the student should be noted in the letter to showcase their capabilities.
Sara is a talented literary critic and poet, and she has my highest recommendation as a student and writer.
To increase an applicant’s chances of being considered, one can write about the applicant’s awards or recognitions in this letter. In addition, recommenders can mention accolades or prizes given to the student in recognition of past performance.
Sara was awarded as the best poet in the national drama festival competitions held in 2019.
Disclose to the interviewer some of the areas that an applicant is best at by including them in the letter.
Sara is talented at ballet and uses it to enhance her social capabilities.
When writing it, one is expected to outline the applicant’s best traits to influence a good perception of the recipient towards the applicant. Describe a candidate’s positive traits to increase their chances of being considered for a job, admission, or scholarship.
Sara is a team player and brings out the best in team members by presenting excellent team projects in all her collaborations.
State in it the ambitions of the applicant that coincide with the job position they applied for or the study course they aim to pursue in college or graduate school.
Sara has always had the ambition to be a neurosurgeon and has purposed to advance her medical degree in the field during her graduate program.
The strengths of the applicant should be backed by their achievements when writing this letter.
She produced an extraordinary year-long thesis paper on creative identity development. She compared works from three different periods and synthesized cultural and historical perspectives to inform her analysis
The final part contains the writer’s closing statements that emphasize why the recipient should consider the applicant.
The applicant possesses exceptional skills, an academic portfolio, and admirable traits essential to performing job tasks. Your consideration of hiring Sara for the job position would be highly appreciated.
The writer should conclude the letter with their contact details. In most cases, one writes their official capacity contact or the institution they work for.
Mark Twain High School.
Email: [email protected]
Telephone: 987-765-3738.
[Your Name]
[Your Position]
[Department/School]
[Institution/Organization]
[Institution/Organization Address]
[City, State, Zip Code]
[Phone Number]
[Email Address]
[Recipient’s Name or “To Whom It May Concern” if the recipient is unknown]
[Recipient’s Position, if known]
[Recipient’s Institution/Organization, if known]
[Institution/Organization Address, if known]
[City, State, Zip Code, if known]
Dear [Recipient’s Name or “To Whom It May Concern”],
I am writing to wholeheartedly recommend [Student’s Name] for [specific program, position, opportunity, etc.] at [Institution/Organization Name, if applicable]. As [Your Position] at [Institution/Organization Name], I have had the pleasure of knowing [Student’s Name] for [length of time], during which [he/she/they] was a student in my [specific course(s)] and also engaged in [any additional academic or extracurricular activities].
Throughout this time, [Student’s Name] has consistently demonstrated exceptional qualities both academically and personally. [He/She/They] has shown a remarkable aptitude for [mention specific academic skills or subjects], evidenced by [specific achievements, projects, or academic successes]. [His/Her/Their] ability to grasp complex concepts, engage critically with material, and contribute thoughtfully to class discussions has set [him/her/them] apart.
In addition to [his/her/their] academic prowess, [Student’s Name] is [mention notable personal qualities, such as dedication, leadership, creativity, etc.]. [He/She/They] has actively contributed to [mention any relevant extracurricular activities, community service, or leadership roles], demonstrating [his/her/their] commitment to [mention relevant values or goals, such as community service, leadership, innovation, etc.]. [His/Her/Their] positive attitude, resilience, and willingness to support peers are qualities that I believe will serve [him/her/them] well in all future endeavors.
[Student’s Name]’s project on [briefly describe a significant project or research work] was a testament to [his/her/their] ability to conduct thorough research, analyze data, and present findings in a coherent and persuasive manner. This work, among others, highlights [his/her/their] potential for significant contributions to [mention field, area of study, or type of work].
I am confident that [Student’s Name] will excel in [specific program, position, or field] and bring valuable perspectives and skills to your [program/team/organization]. [He/She/They] is fully prepared to take on the challenges and opportunities that [specific program or position] offers, and I eagerly anticipate the contributions [he/she/they] will make to your academic community or professional team.
Please do not hesitate to contact me at [Your Phone Number] or [Your Email Address] should you require any further information or have any questions regarding [Student’s Name]’s candidacy. I am more than happy to provide additional insights into [his/her/their] abilities and potential.
Thank you for considering my recommendation. I am confident that [Student’s Name] will prove to be an outstanding addition to your [program, institution, or organization].
[Your Signature, if sending a hard copy]
Dear Admissions Committee,
I am writing to enthusiastically recommend Maria Gonzalez for admission to the Graduate Program in Biological Sciences at Prestige University. As an Associate Professor in the Department of Biology at the University of Science City, I have had the pleasure of knowing Maria for the past three years. She was a student in my Advanced Genetics course, participated in my research lab, and completed her senior thesis under my supervision.
Throughout her time in my lab, Maria demonstrated a remarkable aptitude for scientific research. She possesses a natural curiosity and a rigorous analytical mindset, which she applied to her independent project on gene editing techniques in model organisms. Maria’s work contributed valuable insights to our ongoing research, leading to a co-authored publication in the “Journal of Experimental Biology.”
Maria’s academic record is a testament to her dedication and passion for biology. She consistently ranked at the top of her class, excelling in both coursework and laboratory work. Her ability to grasp complex concepts and engage in sophisticated discussions made her a standout student. Furthermore, Maria’s commitment extended beyond academics; she was an active member of the university’s Science Outreach Program, demonstrating her dedication to science communication and education.
What sets Maria apart is her exceptional character. She is highly motivated, dependable, and displays an impressive level of perseverance and resilience. Maria has shown leadership qualities in the lab, often mentoring undergraduate students and facilitating collaborative projects. Her positive attitude and ability to work effectively in a team have made her a valued member of our academic community.
I have no doubt that Maria will thrive in Prestige University’s Graduate Program in Biological Sciences. Her strong foundation in biology, combined with her research experience and drive for continuous learning, make her an ideal candidate for your program. Maria is poised to make significant contributions to the field, and I look forward to seeing the impact of her future work.
Please feel free to contact me if you require any further information or insights regarding Maria’s abilities and potential. I am confident that she will exceed your expectations and become an asset to your academic community.
Dr. Lisa Hamilton
Dear Dr. Martin,
I am writing to enthusiastically recommend Dr. Emily Thompson for the position of Assistant Professor in your esteemed Department of History at Scholarly University. As the Chair of the Department of History at Prestige University, I have had the pleasure of working closely with Dr. Thompson for the past four years. During this time, she has distinguished herself as a brilliant scholar, a dedicated educator, and an invaluable colleague.
Dr. Thompson’s research on the social history of 20th-century Europe is not only groundbreaking but also a testament to her meticulous approach and innovative methodologies. Her work, particularly her recent book, “Social Echoes: The Untold Stories of 20th-Century Europe,” has received acclaim in academic circles for shedding light on previously overlooked aspects of history. Her ability to weave together complex narratives with rigorous historical analysis is truly remarkable and speaks to her potential to contribute significantly to the field.
In the classroom, Dr. Thompson is equally impressive. She possesses a natural ability to engage and inspire her students, fostering a learning environment that is both challenging and supportive. Her courses, which range from introductory surveys to advanced seminars, consistently receive outstanding evaluations from students. Dr. Thompson’s commitment to pedagogical excellence extends beyond her classes; she has been instrumental in revamping our department’s curriculum to better reflect the diversity and complexity of history as a discipline.
Furthermore, Dr. Thompson is a collaborative and supportive colleague who has contributed immensely to our department’s collegial atmosphere. She has served on several committees, where her insights and dedication have been invaluable in advancing our department’s goals, particularly in the areas of diversity and inclusion.
I am confident that Dr. Thompson will be an outstanding addition to your faculty at Scholarly University. Her scholarly expertise, pedagogical skill, and collegiality will undoubtedly enrich your department and the wider university community.
Please feel free to contact me at [email protected] or (617) 555-0101 if you require further information or wish to discuss Dr. Thompson’s qualifications in more detail. I am eager to see the contributions she will make to the field of history and to the academic community at Scholarly University.
Dr. Henry Walton
Chair, Department of History
Prestige University
Both recommendation letters effectively advocate for the candidates, offering comprehensive assessments of their qualifications and suitability for the positions. The first sample emphasizes academic excellence, research contributions, and exemplary character traits, portraying the candidate as well-prepared for the Graduate Program in Biological Sciences. The letter provides specific examples and demonstrates the writer’s confidence in the candidate’s future success. Similarly, the second sample highlights scholarly achievements, teaching effectiveness, and collaborative spirit within the academic community, presenting the candidate as a valuable addition to the department. The endorsement from a respected figure in the field lends credibility to the recommendation. Both letters offer insights into the candidates’ professional and personal attributes, instilling confidence in their ability to excel in their respective roles. Overall, these well-crafted letters effectively communicate the candidates’ strengths and suitability for admission/employment, providing compelling endorsements likely to resonate with the recipients.
If one is requested to write it, it is necessary to consider the following tips:
One should assess the adequacy of their knowledge of the applicant who approaches them to write an academic recommendation before accepting the request. In addition, the teacher or academic official should check if they have spare time to write and submit the letter on time to the recipient before accepting the request to write it.
Great recommendation letters are filled with content that focuses primarily on the specific school, course, or position that is being applied for. Unfortunately, the deviation may make the letter seem wordy or unnecessary and may even diminish the application’s chances of acceptance.
It is the writer’s responsibility to gather as much information about the student as possible. Having an adequate database of information will enable to give a comprehensive review in the recommendation letter.
A great recommendation letter must also make good use of models. Having standards makes the message stick and relate to the reader.
It is also essential to keep a positive manner throughout the letter. Having a positive tone will also enable the writer to give a comprehensive review of the letter.
The other part of the letter that is quite important is the contact details segment. It is the last part, and one must use his official contact or the official contact of the institution.
A recommender has to follow the submission guidelines, such as submission deadlines as required by the institution being applied to by the applicant. The institution may require one to use a particular mode of communication
The recipient may require the letter to be sent via email.
This letter is vital for portraying the positive attributes of an applicant to help improve their chances of getting a job or acquiring school/college admission. The letter should be written formally, and writers can rely on a template to assist them in writing.
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Letters of Recommendation
How important are recommendation letters in a college application? According to William Fitzsimmons, dean of admissions and financial aid at Harvard, they are "extremely important."
If you're a student, examples of great letters of recommendation can help you understand how to get strong letters yourself from your teachers. If you're a teacher, the examples in this guide will inspire you to support your students strongly as they apply to college. Keep reading for four excellent letters from teachers that will get anyone into college , along with expert analysis on why they're so strong.
Important Note: Are you looking for job recommendation letters? If so, check out my great post here!
First, let's understand the role of recommendation letters in your application.
The majority of admissions officers at four-year colleges, especially private schools, emphasize that their process is holistic . They seek to gain a sense of the student as a "whole person," rather than focusing on pieces of who she is based solely on grades and test scores. Since they rarely meet the student in person, the recommendation letters, along with the student's own personal essay, play a huge role in illuminating her intellectual and personal qualities.
That's why recommendation letters from teachers, especially those who know their students well, carry a great deal of weight in applications. A letter that expresses a strong vote of support, as well as highlights a student's impressive academic and personal strengths , can have a powerful effect on that student's chances of admission.
Let's look at some samples of strong recommendation letters, one from an English teacher, another from a physics teacher, the third from a history teacher, and the final one from a math teacher. Then we'll break down exactly why these letters of recommendation are effective.
The first example recommends Sara, a senior who loves to write and read poetry.
Dear Admissions Committee, I had the pleasure of teaching Sara in her 11th grade honors English class at Mark Twain High School. From the first day of class, Sara impressed me with her ability to be articulate about difficult concepts and texts, her sensitivity to the nuances within literature, and her passion for reading, writing, and creative expression- both in and out of the classroom. Sara is a talented literary critic and poet, and she has my highest recommendation as a student and writer. Sara is talented at considering the subtleties within literature and the purpose behind authors' works. She produced an extraordinary year-long thesis paper on creative identity development, in which she compared works from three different time periods and synthesized cultural and historical perspectives to inform her analysis. When called upon to give her thesis defense in front of her peers, Sara spoke clearly and eloquently about her conclusions and responded to questions in a thoughtful way. Outside of the classroom, Sara is dedicated to her literary pursuits, especially to poetry. She publishes her poetry in our school's literary magazine, as well as in online magazines. She is an insightful, sensitive, and deeply self-aware individual driven to explore art, writing, and a deeper understanding of the human condition. Throughout the year Sara was an active participant in our discussions, and she always supported her peers. Her caring nature and personality allow her to work well with others in a team setting, as she always respects others' opinions even when they differ from her own. When we held a class debate about gun laws, Sara opted to speak for the side opposite her own views. She explained her choice as motivated by a desire to put herself in other people's shoes, view the issues from a new perspective, and gain a clearer sense of the issue from all angles. Throughout the year, Sara demonstrated this openness to and empathy for the opinions, feelings, and perspectives of others, along with shrewd powers of observation, all qualities that makes her outstanding as a student of literature and burgeoning writer. I am certain that Sara is going to continue to do great and creative things in her future. I highly recommend her for admission to your undergraduate program. She is talented, caring, intuitive, dedicated, and focused in her pursuits. Sara consistently seeks out constructive feedback so she can improve her writing skills, which is a rare and impressive quality in a high school student. Sara is truly a stand-out individual who will impress everyone she meets. Please feel free to contact me if you have any questions at [email protected]. Sincerely, Ms. Scribe English Teacher Mark Twain High School
This is a thorough, glowing recommendation for a student that Ms. Scribe clearly knows well. What other features make it stand out as a strong letter of rec?
Ms. Scribe has a high opinion of Sara and her skills at writing and literary analysis. One way that she expresses this is by using powerful and specific language. She doesn't merely say Sara is a good writer. She says she's articulate about difficult concepts and sensitive to the nuances within literature. She calls her insightful and self-aware with shrewd powers of observation.
These descriptors don't happen by accident. Ms. Scribe took the time to choose her words carefully , and that effort paid off with a strong letter that captures Sara's special qualities.
Ms. Scribe also supports her characterization of Sara with examples . She describes her thesis paper and how she responded to questions thoughtfully under the pressured situation of her thesis defense. She gives the example of the debate on gun laws to illustrate Sara's openness to many different points of view.
In addition to illuminating her intellectual and personal strengths and supporting them with specific examples, Ms. Scribe speaks to Sara's goals for the future. She points out that she is talented at writing, poetry specifically, and that she is committed to continuing to improve as a writer in her future.
This letter, by virtue of its wording, length, and specificity, shows that Ms. Scribe took the time and effort to recommend Sara thoughtfully and with conviction. The fact that she knows Sara well and is committed to helping her application succeed with a thoughtful letter further adds weight to her assessment.
This letter would be a boon to Sara's application, especially if she's applying to study writing or English. She clearly impressed her English teacher and, in return, got a memorable, complimentary letter of recommendation for her college application.
This next example is similarly enthusiastic and detailed. It's for a student applying to an engineering program.
Dear Admissions Committee, It is a great pleasure to recommend Stacy for admission to your engineering program. She is one of the most exceptional students I have encountered in my 15 years of teaching. I taught Stacy in my 11th grade honors physics class and advised her in Robotics Club. I am not surprised to find out she is now ranked at the top of an extraordinarily capable class of seniors. She has a keen interest in and talent for physics, math, and scientific inquiry. Her advanced skills and passion for the subject make her an ideal fit for your rigorous engineering program. Stacy is a perceptive, sharp, quick individual with a high aptitude for math and science. She is driven to understand how things work, whether they be the old computer hard drives in the school library or the forces that hold our universe together. Her final project in class was especially impressive, an investigation of frequency-dependent sound absorption, an idea that she said was sparked by not wanting to bother her parents with her hours of guitar practice at home. She's been a strong leader in Robotics Club, eager to share her knowledge with others and learn new skills. I have the students in the club prepare lessons and take turns leading our after-school meetings. When it was Stacy's turn, she showed up prepared with a fascinating lecture on lunar nautics and fun activities that got everyone moving and talking. She was our only student teacher to be met with much deserved applause at the end of her lesson. Stacy's personal strengths are as impressive as her intellectual accomplishments. She's an active, outgoing presence in class with a great sense of humor. Stacy's the perfect person to get a group project rolling, but she also knows how to sit back and let others take the lead. Her cheerful nature and openness to feedback means she's always learning and growing as a learner, an impressive strength that will continue to serve her well in college and beyond. Stacy is just the kind of driven, engaging, and curious student that helped make our classroom a lively environment and safe place to take intellectual risks. Stacy has my highest recommendation for admission to your engineering program. She has demonstrated excellence in all that she puts her mind to, whether it's designing an experiment, collaborating with others, or teaching herself to play classical and electrical guitar. Stacy's endless curiosity, combined with her willingness to take risks, leads me to believe there will be no limit to her growth and achievements in college and beyond. Please don't hesitate to contact me at [email protected] if you have any questions. Sincerely, Ms. Randall Physics Teacher Marie Curie High School
Ms. Randall is clearly as much of a fan of Stacy as she is of Mileva Marić. How does she communicate her recommendation?
Ms. Randall plugs for Stacy right off the bat with a statement of outstanding ranking : Stacy is one of the most exceptional students she's had in 15 years of teaching. A statement like this is pretty extraordinary and will make an impact in the mind of its readers. Stacy sounds like a special student, and she chose her recommender well.
Like in the last example, this letter uses strong, specific language , calling Stacy a perceptive and sharp person who has the confidence and good humor to take intellectual risks. Through its accurate and expressive language, this letter helps Stacy come to life in the mind of the reader.
Beyond the evaluation, Ms. Randall gives specific examples of Stacy's academic and personal strengths. She talks about her successful teaching in Robotics Club, her leadership in group projects, and her dedicated practice to teaching herself to play the guitar.
Rather than spreading the letter too thin, Ms. Randall highlights a few core themes. She connects Stacy's love of music with her passion for physics by talking about the frequency-dependent sound absorption project. All the threads tie together in a nice, memorable bow.
This letter is a strong vote of support for Stacy's application to an engineering program. Her physics teacher admires Stacy's skills and goals, and she made it clear that Stacy had her highest recommendation in this letter.
This next example also comes from a teacher who's extremely impressed with his student. It focuses on the student's performance in class and his volunteer work outside the classroom.
Dear Admissions Committee, It is hard to overstate the meaningful contributions that William has made to our school and surrounding community. As both his 10th and 11th grade History teacher, I've had the pleasure of seeing William make profound contributions both in and out of the classroom. His school and community service is motivated by a strong sense of social justice, which he informs through a nuanced and sophisticated understanding of historical trends and events. I can say with confidence that William is one of the most caring and driven students I've ever taught in my fifteen years at the school. As a child of immigrant parents, William is especially drawn to understand the immigrant experience. He produced an extraordinary semester-long research paper on the treatment of Japanese-Americans in the U.S. during WWII, in which he went beyond all expectations to conduct Skype interviews with relatives of his featured subjects to incorporate into his paper. William has a great capacity to draw connections between past and present and to ground his understanding of current issues in the context of historical events. He never retreats to a simple answer or explanation, but is comfortable dealing with ambiguity. William's fascination with U.S. and World History and skill for deep analysis have him an exemplary scholar, as a well as a motivated activist driven to promote civil rights and work towards social equity. In sophomore year, William noticed that the college planning seminars students attended included little information for first generation or immigrant students. Always thinking about how institutions can better serve people, William spoke with counselors and ESL teachers about his ideas to better support all students. He helped collect resources and design a college planning curriculum for immigrant and undocumented students to enhance their college access. He further helped organize a group that connected ESL students with native English speakers, stating his mission to be helping ELLs improve their English and increasing multicultural awareness and social cohesion at the school as a whole. William identified a need and worked with students and faculty alike to meet it in an extremely effective and beneficial way. Ever the history scholar, he did plenty of research to back up his ideas. William believes passionately in social progress and working for the common good. His own personal experiences, along with his profound grasp on social history, drive his advocacy work. He is a talented, intelligent student with the charisma, confidence, strong values, and respect for others to make a huge difference in the world around him. I'm looking forward to seeing all the good that William continues to do for his fellow humanity in college and beyond, as well as the excellent work that he will produce at the college level. William has my highest recommendation. If you have any questions, please contact me at [email protected]. Sincerely, Mr. Jackson History Teacher Martin Luther King, Jr. High School
Mr. Jackson's letter makes William sound like a pretty amazing student and person. How does he go about expressing his admiration for William in this rec letter?
Like Ms. Randall did in her letter, Mr. Jackson provides a statement of outstanding ranking for William, calling him one of the most caring and driven students he's ever taught. Considering his long teaching career of 15 years, this says a lot about William as a student and a person.
Also like in the last example, Mr. Jackson focuses on a few core aspects of William's character. He talks about his love of history and how it informs his social activism. He comments on his exceptional historical scholarship, as well as his personal qualities of caring for those around him and working for the social good.
Mr. Jackson also gives insight into William's personal life , explaining how he has a personal connection to his projects and volunteer work as the child of immigrant parents. This letter reveals that William is a thoughtful, motivated individual who connects his own experiences with his learning and desire to contribute to his community.
The letter also showcases William's exceptional accomplishments by giving specific examples of William's research paper and his work supporting the academic and personal needs of ELL students. Mr. Jackson expresses his enthusiastic recommendation while illuminating William's love of learning and strength of character. This letter would be both impressive and memorable to admissions officers considering William for admission to their school.
This next example comes from a math teacher. Let's see what Mr. Wiles has to say about Joe.
Dear Admissions Committee, It is my pleasure to recommend Joe, who I taught in my 11th grade math class. Joe demonstrated tremendous effort and growth throughout the year and brought a great energy to class. He has that combination of a positive attitude and the belief that he can always improve that's rare in a high school student, but so essential to the learning process. I am confident that he will continue to display the same commitment and diligence in everything he does. I highly recommend Joe for admission to your school. Joe would not describe himself as a math person. He's told me on several occasions that all the numbers and variables make his mind go fuzzy. Joe did, in fact, struggle to comprehend the material at the beginning of the year, but his response to this is what really struck me. Where so many others have given up, Joe took on this class as a welcome challenge. He stayed after school for extra help, got extra tutoring at the nearby college, and asked questions in and out of class. Due to all his hard work, Joe not only raised his grades, but he also inspired some of his classmates to stay after for extra help, as well. Joe truly demonstrated a growth mindset, and he inspired his peers to adopt that valuable perspective, too. Joe helped contribute to our classroom environment as one where all students can feel supported and able to ask questions. Joe's strong belief in his ability to acquire new skills and improve through practice was likely shaped by his years as a baseball player. He's played all through high school and is one of the team's most valuable players. In his final for our class, Joe designed an impressive project calculating and analyzing batting averages. While he initially described himself as not a math person, Joe reaped the benefits of his tremendous effort and found a way to make the subject come alive for him in a way that he was personally invested in. As a teacher, it is incredibly fulfilling to witness a student make this kind of academic and personal progress. Joe is a trustworthy, reliable, good-humored student and friend who supports others in and out of the classroom. He was a pleasure to have in class, and his positive attitude and belief in himself, even in the face of difficulty, is an immensely admirable asset. I'm confident that he will continue to demonstrate the same diligence, perseverance, and optimism that he showed myself and his peers. I highly recommend Joe for admission to your undergraduate program. Please feel free to contact me with any further questions at [email protected]. Sincerely, Mr. Wiles Math Teacher Euclid High School
While the students featured in the first three examples were top of their class or demonstrated leadership in the school, Joe isn't a top achiever in the traditional sense. However, this recommendation is still a strong one, even if it says he struggled in the teacher's class. What does Mr. Wiles focus on to recommend Joe?
Mr. Wiles writes a strong letter for Joe, with the same kind of enthusiasm and specific examples as the other three letters. Even though Joe may not have gotten the strongest grades in his math class, he found an enthusiastic recommender in his math teacher. Mr. Wiles was extremely impressed with Joe's attitude, effort, and growth mindset , which he demonstrated throughout the year and inspired in his fellow classmates.
Mr. Wiles focuses on Joe's substantial personal strengths, ones that would likely be impressive to his future educators. Even in a subject that may not come naturally to him, Joe is diligent and committed. He's not self-conscious about asking questions or seeking extra help, and he retains a strong belief in himself that he can continuously learn, improve, and acquire new skills.
This letter, like the others, is effective because it is focused, supportive, and backed up with examples. As you can tell from these examples, recommendations can communicate a great deal about a student. Because of this, they can have a powerful impact on a student's chances of admission. So what can teachers and students do to make sure they are sending a strong recommendation letter that will help their chances?
Enthusiasm is key.
While these letters are about different students with different interests, they share certain fundamental features. One, they sound excited and enthusiastic. The teachers clearly communicate that they are impressed by these students and eager to help them get into college.
At the same time, the letters don't go overboard because they have examples to back up their assessments. Specific examples and stories are key for backing up the assessment. Plus, they make a letter more interesting and memorable. Rather than just another engineering applicant, Stacy is the student who researched sound-absorption to spare her parents from hours of guitar scales.
Finally, the teachers all discuss their students' personal strengths , along with their academic strengths. They present the holistic view that admissions officers are looking for, along with their strong vote of confidence in the students' future success.
Teachers should incorporate all these features into their letters, and students should help provide them with the raw material to write about. While students should choose a teacher who knows them well and has stories and observations to share, they should also give their teachers a detailed "brag sheet" and let them know what would go into their ideal letter. That way it can be even more personalized and complement the story the student is telling in the rest of her application.
While recommenders may or may not share their letters with students, there should still be open, two-way communication when the student makes her request . That way students and teachers can work together to produce an insightful, enthusiastic, and specific letter of recommendation to send to colleges.
Are you a teacher writing recommendations for your students? Read all about how to write an outstanding recommendation letter for your students , along with what not to include.
Are you or a student you work with applying to a selective school, like Harvard? Learn about what kind of letter she should get for the Ivy League.
Now that you've read these examples of strong teacher recommendation letters, check out these examples of bad ones . Warning: rec letters may appear better than they actually are.
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Rebecca graduated with her Master's in Adolescent Counseling from the Harvard Graduate School of Education. She has years of teaching and college counseling experience and is passionate about helping students achieve their goals and improve their well-being. She graduated magna cum laude from Tufts University and scored in the 99th percentile on the SAT.
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Securing the ideal candidate for a job role is vital. Ensuring smooth operations within the organization and sustaining client relations requires an individual with proficiency in their tasks.
That’s why, whether you’re seeking employment or enrolling in an educational program, it’s essential to highlight your skills and experience during the application phase.
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A previous colleague, employer, teacher, or client can provide a recommendation on your behalf. They can do this with a letter of recommendation by talking about the traits and skills that make them a good applicant for the job, college, or graduate program you’re applying for.
You can impress a potential employer and land more interviews by giving your application materials more legitimacy with a solid letter of recommendation.
In this article, we’ll unpack the best ways for you to create a unique recommendation letter that stands out.
A formal letter of recommendation is a document that describes someone’s suitability for a certain position. It does this by highlighting their strengths, assets, and accomplishments as an individual.
It’s usually written by someone who can attest to that person’s academic or professional accomplishments, like an old coworker or professor.
In some letters, the names of former coworkers or managers can be added as references to vouch for a candidate’s talents as an employee or student .
This letter is at least one page and is typically addressed to a hiring manager or admissions officer who is evaluating a potential applicant for employment, a scholarship, or admission.
Every recommendation letter is unique. For example, someone applying for a job would add past employers as a reference. Whereas someone applying for a scholarship would add details of their lecturers or professors. For the most part, every recommendation letter has the following information:
When considering who to ask for a letter of recommendation, think about someone who can confirm your skills and experience. Make sure that whoever you choose can authoritatively comment on the caliber of your work and commitment.
The ideal people to seek a letter of reference or recommendation include the following:
Think about the connections you’ve made throughout your time at work and in school when deciding who to ask.
Choose someone who is equally invested in your achievement and who you know would present you in a very favorable way.
The perfect recommendation letters would be provided by someone who:
The majority of people won’t have any trouble assisting you. However, some might feel a bit pressed for time and ask you to write up your own reference letter for them to sign.
If this happens, try to put yourself in their shoes. Write the sample letter as though you were them and think back on the relationship and conversations you’ve had.
It’s easy to get carried away when writing your own letter, so try sticking to only facts. Simply highlight your accomplishments and provide detailed examples of your skills by performing an honest self-evaluation.
Your qualifications can be raised by including a letter of recommendation with your application documents in the following ways:
Although you should encourage the person writing the letter to be as creative as possible, you should also make suggestions for how to make the letter work best for the position you’re going for.
The following are some effective techniques for writing an attractive recommendation letter.
Whether you’re writing it for a student or someone looking for a job, your letter should follow a similar format. We have created a simple, free recommendation letter template to use as a guide while writing your own:
Dear Sir/Madam,
I have the pleasure of recommending (applicant name) without any reservation for (job title with company name or admission to institution name)
I, (your name), work at (your company’s name) and have been employed for (number of years) in (your field of work) and have seen many young people come and go. One who has stuck out amongst the rest is (applicant’s name). They have demonstrated exceptional talent within (field, skills, attributes, experience, class, project, etc) during our time together.
I was particularly impressed by their (positive attributes, such as a can-do attitude, leadership skills, organizational skills, etc.), and as a result of our collaboration, (applicants name) has advanced far beyond that of their peers.
(Applicants name) has always been a pleasure to work with because of their extremely optimistic attitude and (positive characteristics). Not only did I need and value (pronoun’s good characteristics and positive traits), but so did their peers, who often relied on them to get the job done.
I am confident that your (institution or company) would find (applicant name) to be a perfect fit. Not only does (applicant’s name) have the qualifications you’re looking for, but they will also work hard to establish themself as a valuable member of (institution or company) and advance it in any way they can.
Please feel free to contact me at (contact information) for any further questions or details. It would be a pleasure to go into more detail about my experience (working or studying) with (applicants name)
Warm regards/Sincerely/Kind regards,
Your name, company, and job title.
Writing a letter of recommendation for someone is an honor and may determine whether or not they succeed in their applications.
If you ask someone to write you a letter, make sure to provide them with as much information as you can and include any pertinent information that can help you succeed.
In a 2017-2018 study, 1 1.3% of US parents reported that their children consumed melatonin in the past 30 days, and sales more than doubled between 2017 and 2020. 2 In the US, melatonin is considered a dietary supplement, is not regulated by the US Food and Drug Administration, and requires no prescription, raising particular concern because the amount of melatonin present in over-the-counter supplements can vary drastically. In a recent examination of 25 commercial supplements, actual melatonin quantity ranged from 74% to 347% of the labeled content. 3 Additionally, incidence of melatonin ingestion reported to poison control centers increased 530% from 2012 to 2021, 4 largely occurring among children younger than 5 years. Current data are lacking on the prevalence of melatonin use and the frequency, dosing, and timing of melatonin administration in US youth.
Hartstein LE , Garrison MM , Lewin D , Boergers J , LeBourgeois MK. Characteristics of Melatonin Use Among US Children and Adolescents. JAMA Pediatr. 2024;178(1):91–93. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.4749
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Home Legal Documents Letter of Intent Nursing School
Highlight your qualifications and enthusiasm to impress admissions and secure a spot in top nursing programs.
Updated July 16, 2024 Written by Yassin Qanbar | Reviewed by Susan Chai, Esq.
A nursing school letter of intent is an integral part of an admissions application for individuals aspiring to join a specific nursing program. Also referred to as a statement of purpose or personal essay, this letter serves as a platform for applicants to demonstrate to the admissions board why they are ideal candidates for the nursing program.
Most nursing schools provide detailed guidelines regarding the format and content of the letter of intent. Adhering to these guidelines is crucial for enhancing the chances of acceptance.
How to boost your nursing school acceptance, nursing school letter of intent sample, 1. research the school and program.
Typically, the admissions committee looks for insights into the applicant’s motivation for pursuing a career in nursing, their reasons for selecting that particular school or program, and any relevant experiences, positions, educational background, character traits, and skills that would contribute to their success in the nursing field.
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The document above is a sample. Please note that the language you see here may change depending on your answers to the document questionnaire.
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Recommendations for future research should be: Concrete and specific. Supported with a clear rationale. Directly connected to your research. Overall, strive to highlight ways other researchers can reproduce or replicate your results to draw further conclusions, and suggest different directions that future research can take, if applicable.
Introduction. A letter of recommendation or a reference letter is a statement of support for a student or an early-career researcher (ECR; a non-tenured scientist who may be a research trainee, postdoctoral fellow, laboratory technician, or junior faculty colleague) who is a candidate for future employment, promotion, education, or funding opportunities.
Here are three examples of how to start letters of recommendation for different scenarios, plus a few things to keep in mind for the rest of the letter: 1. Recommendation letter for a job. It's my pleasure to recommend [Person's name] for the Data Scientist role at X Company.
Sample letter of recommendation. intellectual creativity necessary to complete an advanced graduate degree. I would therefore highly recommend Jane Doe. If her performance in my class is a good indication of how she would perform as a graduate student, she would be an extremely positive asset to your program.
Common examples include "Sincerely," "Best regards," or "Yours truly.". Consistency with the Tone: Ensure that the closing salutation matches the overall tone of your letter. If your letter is highly formal, a closing like "Sincerely" is appropriate. For a slightly less formal tone, "Best regards" can be a good choice.
Below is the body of an effective recommendation letter, written by a professor. To: Graduate Admissions Committee. It is my pleasure to write on behalf of Jane Student, who is applying to the Ph.D. program in Research Psychology at Major University. I have interacted with Jane in several contexts: as a student, as a teaching assistant, and as ...
a letter of recommendation on behalf of a student, a postdoc, or even a colleague. Your job as letter writer will be to describe the candidate's strengths and weak-nesses as they relate to the position or program in a way that is both thoughtful and personal.
Table of contents. Step 1: Choose who to ask. Step 2: Reach out and request a meeting. Step 3: Ask for a letter of recommendation. Step 4: Share your resume and other materials. Step 5: Remind your recommenders of upcoming deadlines. Other interesting articles.
Writing recommendation letters is great fun — it allows me to reflect on my interactions with pupils, remember the creative times together and promote them in their future careers. It is like ...
Recommendation for PhD Scholarship. Dear Scholarship Committee, I am writing this letter of recommendation for Tom Smith, who is applying for a PhD scholarship. Tom was my research assistant for two years, during which he exhibited hard work, dedication, and a deep interest in the research field.
A student recommendation letter for a PhD will typically be between one to two pages. The document of recommendation letter for PhD student should be well differentiated into 5-6 paragraphs. The LOR for PhD should begin with an introductory paragraph about the recommender and his/her association with the applicant.
Letter of Recommendation Template (With Examples) Ask the person who requested the letter of information to share background information on themselves and any role at hand—this will make it simpler for you to know what to write. Follow the standard format of a letter of recommendation so that it meets the expectations of whoever reads the ...
How long you've known the applicant. By including these details in the very beginning of your letter, the reader understands the context and strength of your recommendation. 5. Give words of praise. Finish your introduction with a sentence or two highlighting some of the applicant's key strengths or personality traits.
The strongest letters include at least 3 paragraphs: Introduction - including how long and in what capacity you have known the student. 2nd Paragraph - outlining details of your assessment of the student's abilities. Conclusion - summarizing the strength of your recommendation.
Below are nine sample recommendation letters, each followed by an analysis of what it does well! Sample Recommendation Letter 1: Written by a Direct Manager for a Full-Time Employee. Sample Recommendation Letter 2: Written by a Principal for a Teacher. Sample Recommendation Letter 3: Written by a Direct Manager for a Part-Time Employee.
Greeting If you are writing a personal recommendation letter, include a salutation to start your letter (Dear Dr. Smith, or Dear Ms. Jones, for example). Paragraph 1: Introduction Explain why you're writing and how you are connected to the person you are recommending, including how you know them and for how long.
With great enthusiasm, I am writing to recommend [Applicant Name] for [Role] at [Organization]. My name is [Your Name], and I serve as a [Your Role] at [Your Organization]. For [length of time], I had the pleasure of working with [Applicant's First Name] while [explain how you worked together].
As a research mentor who works closely with students in the lab, you will likely be asked to write recommendation letters for your student for research fellowships. Below are some tips for writing good letters. 1. Be sure that the student has given you enough information about the program or fellowship for which the letter is requested.
Letters of recommendation are an important component of an application. They allow selection committees to understand your strengths and weaknesses from another perspective, providing additional insight into your accomplishments, preparations, and experiences. A well-written recommendation from a mentor who can speak to your preparation, and ...
Letter of recommendation for employee. Dear [ insert name ], I am writing to recommend [ employee_name ]. [ He/She/They] worked with us at [ company_name] as a [ employee_job_title] and [ reported to me/ worked with me] in my position as [ insert your job title ]. As an employee, [ employee_name] was always [ insert quality ].
Dr. Thompson's research on the social history of 20th-century Europe is not only groundbreaking but also a testament to her meticulous approach and innovative methodologies. ... Having an adequate database of information will enable to give a comprehensive review in the recommendation letter. Include examples. A great recommendation letter ...
Sample Letter #4: Joe the Hard Worker. Dear Admissions Committee, It is my pleasure to recommend Joe, who I taught in my 11th grade math class. Joe demonstrated tremendous effort and growth throughout the year and brought a great energy to class.
Every recommendation letter is unique. For example, someone applying for a job would add past employers as a reference. Whereas someone applying for a scholarship would add details of their lecturers or professors. For the most part, every recommendation letter has the following information: A brief introduction.
We used a random sample of 16 million patients (2006-2020) from the PharMetrics Plus for Academics database (IQVIA), a large health claims database that captures 93% of all outpatient prescriptions and physician diagnoses in the US through the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) or ICD-10. In our cohort study, we included new users of semaglutide or liraglutide, 2 ...
In a 2017-2018 study, 1 1.3% of US parents reported that their children consumed melatonin in the past 30 days, and sales more than doubled between 2017 and 2020. 2 In the US, melatonin is considered a dietary supplement, is not regulated by the US Food and Drug Administration, and requires no prescription, raising particular concern because the amount of melatonin present in over-the-counter ...
Nursing School Letter of Intent Sample; How to Write a Nursing School Letter of Intent 1. Research the School and Program. Understand the School's Mission and Values: Learn about the nursing school's mission, values, and the specific program you are applying to. Tailor your letter to reflect these aspects, showing how you match the school ...
As a potential solution to improve wireless security, specific emitter identification is a lightweight access authentication technology. However, the existed deep learning-based specific emitter identification methods are highly dependent on the training sample size, leading to serious overfitting problem when the training samples are inadequate, which obstructs their practical applications.