diy homework writing machine

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Drawing Robot/Pen Plotter/Drawing Machine is an Open Hardware version of the famous machine AxiDraw which it is a pen plotter, capable of writing or drawing on almost any flat surface. It can write with pens, permanent markers, pencils, and other writing implements to handle an endless variety of applications.

Its unique design features a writing head that extends beyond the machine, making it possible to draw on objects bigger than the machine itself. The biggest advantage of the machine is that it can be placed over the book because of the core XY extending design of the machine.

This Drawing Robot/Pen Plotter/Drawing Machine is similar to the commercially available AxiDraw. It is powered by an Arduino Uno controller, uses a CNC Shield, and GRBL firmware

The cost to build the Drawing Robot is between $75 depending on where you buy your parts and whether you already own some of the parts such as the Arduino.

You can find all of my projects on https://www.diyprojectslab.com/

Maximum drawing area 24 * 30 CM.

Thank You NextPCB

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2 x Nema 17 Stepper Motors Amazon.com

2 x Linear Rod M8 x 450mm for X Axis Amazon.com

2 x Linear Rod M8 x 350mm for Y Axis Amazon.com

2 x Linear Rod 3mm for Z Axis (you can get it from old CDROM)

1 x Threaded Rod M8 x 480mm8 x LM8UU Bearings Amazon.com

1 x Servo Sg901 x Spring 5m (from ball point pen) Amazon.com

2 x GT2 Pulley, 16 teeth Amazon.com

5 x Bearing 624zz Amazon.com

1 x 2000mm GT2 belt Amazon.com

1 x Arduino Uno Amazon.com

1 x CNC Shield Amazon.com

2 x A4988 Stepper driver with heatsink Amazon.com

6 x Jumpers Amazon.com

1 x 12V 2A Power Supply Amazon.com

• 4 x 5/16in-18
• 13 x Phillips M3-0.5 x 16mm
• 4 x Phillips M3-0.5 x 6mm
• 5 x Phillips M4-0.7x 35mm
• 1 x Hex M3-0.5 x 20mm
• 4 x 5/16in washer
• 4 x M3 washers

Download the files from Thingiverse

Open the 3D models in Cura or any other slicer.

Use 75% infill on all the parts (An infill of 70 – 100% will work as well)

Printed all the parts with 0.10 – 0.20 mm layer height

Printed with PLA

Use supports on the Penholder, Slider, X_Support_L and the X_Support_R

Note: The longest part took around 10hrs and the shortest took 30 minutes to print

PLA is fine for this design. I print at 200C on BuildTak. None of the parts require rafts or brims. I suggest supports only for the pen holder and the Z axis end plate which is standing up.

Remember that you need (2) 350mm and (2) 450mm long linear rods

Take the (2) 450mm linear rods and insert them into either x-support part

• Use may need to use a round file to smooth out the holes that you insert them in
• Also, you can use a rubber mallet to help insert the rods

Now take the threaded rod and insert it in the hole below. Feed a 5/16in washer and 5/16in nut on both sides of the x-support part

Now you want to push the LM8UU bearings into their place on the top and bottom clamshell (The top and bottom clamshell take (4) bearings each)

Take (4) 624zz bearings and push them through the 3D-printed idler pulleys. Leave the 5th bearing for later when you assemble the Y-axis

Assemble the X-Axis (Carriage)

• Get (4) M3-0.5 x 20mm screws, (4) M3 nuts, (4) M3 washers and (4) 624zz bearings with the idler pulleys installed
• Take one screw and feed a washer through it, the washer will rest on the bearing. The nut will be at the bottom of the carriage, which will secure the bearing in place

Assemble the X-Axis (X-Support)

• Slide the clamshell through the 450mm (X-axis) linear rods
• Use a rubber mallet again to attach the last X-support on the linear rods
• Make sure that the rods stick out equally on both sides
• Slide the other end of the threaded rod through the hole on the X-support
• Put on the last set of nuts and washers to hold the X-support in place
• Now that the X-axis is complete, you can use (2) Phillips M3-0.5 x 16mm screws per X-support to help keep the linear rods from sliding
• Take the (2) 350mm linear rods and insert them the Y-back piece by using a rubber mallet
• Get (1) M4-0.5 x 35 screw, (1) M4 nut and the 5th 624zz bearing
• Get (2) M3-0.5 x 16 screws to secure the linear rods
• Slide in the bearing when inserting the screw through the Y-back piece
• Slide the the linear rods/Y-back piece through the LM8UU bearings and attach the Y-front piece using a rubber mallet

Step 6: Assemble the X-Y Axis (Belt)

• Use a pair of needle nose pliers to help guide the GT2 belt more easily through the clamshell
• Take the two ends of the belt and slide them through the “teeth” on the Base Slider
• The belt should be tight and not loose
• Note that once the GT2 belt is on, it is normal for the clamshell not to move easily
• Get (2) 3mm linear rods and the following 3D printed parts (Slider, Pen Holder, Base Slide, 3MM Metric Thumb Screw)
• Get (1) Hex M3-0.5 x 20mm screw and the Metric Thumb Screw and push them together. Use superglue to keep it together.
• Get (3) M3-0.5 x 16mm screws which you will use the secure the Base Slide to the Y-Front part. You may need to use (3) M3-0.5 nuts in order to hold it in place
• Push the Slider and Pen Holder together to make one piece
• Now take that new part and the (2) 3mm linear rods and slide the rods through the holes. Place a small spring in between the two parts so there is a little bit of pressure to lift the Slider. You may need to cut the spring a bit until there is an adequate amount of pressure on the slider.

ELECTRONICS

I prefer you can use Arduino uno CNC Shield

Ready to your all circuit

1) 4pcs A4988 Stepper Motor Driver

2) Expansion Board A4988 Driver

3)Arduino UNO First of all take hit sink and stick on A4988 motor Driver.

4pcs A4988 Stepper motor driver connect on expansion board A4988 driver module, then connect the arduino with expansion board and connect all wiring The shield also has a built-in micro stepping control - meaning that instead of using full steps or half steps like a large CNC would do, we can make the motors move by 1/16 or 1/32 of a step to make the laser move with the maximal precision possible. However, the motors will consume more electricity: they will get hot quicker.

To use the micro stepping modes, short some of the mode pins together. Different combinations give different resolutions. Take a look at the chart for the different configurations possible. When the shield is programmed, add the A4988 drivers to it and wire up the rest of the electronics.

To find the coils of the stepper motors, use a multimeter. If there's resistance between the two wires, you have a coil. On the schematic, the coils are represented by two wires of the same color.

Inkscape which is the graphics design software (draw or import graphics)

Inkscape MI GRBL Extension (convert graphics to G-Code)Universal G Code Sender (sends the G-Code to the robot causing drawing motion)GRBL which is the Arduino firmware (programmed into the Arduino Uno)

Arduino: https://www.arduino.cc/en/software

Universal G-code sender: https://winder.github.io/ugs_website/...

Inkscape: https://inkscape.org/release/inkscape..

4xiDraw & km laser: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1YO8-...

Processing: https://processing.org/download/

drawing to G-code processing: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1PIFx...

watch video for full setup

hookup_QLVR1z3Ob1.jpg

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• home automation

Simple, modern, and precise pen plotters

Axidraw machines work with a variety of writing instruments, including permanent markers and fountain pens. the unique writing head extends beyond the base of the machine, making it possible to write or draw on almost any flat surface. axidraw is the real deal: designed, manufactured, and supported in usa, and backed by exclusive software for realistic handwriting and automation..

Watch the video >

AxiDraw Models

Compact and popular

• 8½ × 11” / A4 Plot Area
• Sturdy aluminum construction
• Our most popular model

AxiDraw V3/A3

Larger plot area.

• 11 × 17” / A3 Plot Area
• Extended feet for stability

AxiDraw SE/A3

Special edition.

• CNC milled solid aluminum base
• Additional accessories included

Additional AxiDraw models and accessories are available at Evil Mad Scientist

Where to buy AxiDraw

AxiDraw machines are available for purchase directly from Evil Mad Scientist as well as from select distributors:

Frequently Asked Questions

The AxiDraw is a pen plotter, which is a type of simple robot. Its sole function is to guide a pen (or other implement mounted in the pen holder) along the set of vector lines, curves, and paths that you ask it to follow. Everything that the machine is ultimately capable of, such as drawing graphics, writing text, or signing documents, are expressions of this basic function. It is capable of drawing essentially anything that can be composed from a set of lines.

In practice, this is much like using a traditional printer, except that you need to take care that your documents are made of paths, rather than pixels.

The AxiDraw is an extremely versatile machine, designed to serve a wide variety of everyday and specialized drawing and writing needs. You can use it for almost almost any task that might normally be carried out with a handheld pen.

AxiDraw does not require proprietary pens or ink: you can use your own pens, chosen within certain guidelines.

AxiDraw can hold most types of pens and similar instruments up to 5/8" (16 mm) diameter. (A larger XL Pen Clip is available as well to fit larger pens.)

Good choices for pens to use include fountain pens, permanent markers, liquid-ink rollerball pens, technical pens, small-bodied whiteboard markers and other writing and drawing instruments that do not require significant downward pressure. While we refer to writing and drawing instruments as “pens” to be concise, other instruments such as automatic pencils (particularly with soft lead), chalk, charcoal, and brushes can also work well in many cases.

You can read more about pen choices in our documentation here .

AxiDraw does not require special paper; you can use almost any kind and size of paper. (You can even use all kinds of things that are not paper.)

The XY travel (printable area) of the AxiDraw V3 is just over that of both US letter (8½ × 11”) and A4 paper sizes. The larger size models have about twice this travel.

You can work with any size of paper up to the size of the travel area. You can write directly onto small pieces like business cards (or a whole array of them), medium size pieces envelopes and note cards, or sheets of paper.

You can also work with paper larger than the travel area. The unique design of the AxiDraw features a drawing head that extends beyond the body of the machine, making it possible to also draw on flat objects bigger than the machine itself. For example, you can set it right on top of a box to write an address. You can even set it on top of a poster board, chalkboard, or whiteboard to draw graphics in place.

For most applications, the standard-size AxiDraw V3 is the best choice. It's compact so that it fits on your desk more easily, and has enough plotting area to cover any size up to 8½ × 11” / A4.

The larger AxiDraw V3/A3 has twice the plotting area and is perfect for people who need to plot larger items, or to fit two smaller items — like two US Letter or A4 pages side by side, or a sheet of paper plus an envelope.

The Special Edition AxiDraw SE/A3 has the same plotting area as the V3/A3, but features a heavy, rigid base CNC machined from a solid block of Aluminum. It's our top-of-the-line machine, and includes a few nice accessories as well.

Available AxiDraw accessories include alternate pen holders, a tripod mount, a rigid mount that can be used instead of the pen slide, extended feet, extra clip easels, and magnetic workholding easels. You can find them listed here at Evil Mad Scientist.

AxiDraw requires a reasonably modern computer (Mac, Windows, or Linux) with an available USB port and internet access to download software.

Mac requirements: MacOS 10.7 or newer

Windows requirements: Windows 7 or newer

Linux requirements: Recent versions of Ubuntu and similar widely-supported distributions work well. If you are using an obscure or "challenging" distribution, we'll still do our best to help you out.

No. All standard AxiDraw models (V3, V3/A3, SE/A3) come complete, assembled, tested, and ready to use.

If you get a head start by reading the user guide and installing the software, you can be up and plotting five minutes after opening the box.

If you prefer a model that requires assembly, there is now also AxiDraw MiniKit 2 which comes as a kit.

Internet access is required only for downloading software and for access to online documentation.

Internet access is not required while preparing files or using AxiDraw.

A universal-input plug-in power supply is included with the AxiDraw. It accepts worldwide 100 V - 240 V input, and has a US/Canada style plug. For other regions, an inexpensive plug shape adapter will be needed.

No. Most users just make a file or drawing and plot it.

(That said, programming interfaces are available for those who are interested in them.)

You do not need to purchase any additional software to use AxiDraw.

AxiDraw is normally controlled through a set of extensions to Inkscape, the excellent, popular and free vector graphics program. Basic operation is much like that of a printer driver: you import or make a drawing in Inkscape, and use the extensions to plot your text or artwork. It's all handled through a straightforward graphical user interface, and works cleanly on Mac, Windows and Linux.

Yes, and we highly encourage you to do so. Reading the manual is a great way to determine if AxiDraw is a good fit for you.

The AxiDraw V3 family user guide is available for download here .

Unlike a (raster-based) inkjet or laser printer, the time that it takes a plotter to print a page is not fixed. Rather, it depends on the length of distance that the pen has to travel. The AxiDraw typically moves at about the speed of a human hand, depending on your settings, and the plotting time varies accordingly.

This question is much like asking how long a human takes to write or draw on a piece of paper: Addressing an envelope might typically take a minute or two, but complex artwork can potentially be a matter of hours. Such is the case as well for AxiDraw.

Yes. The speed of the AxiDraw is adjustable, depending on your tradeoff between faster completion and higher precision. AxiDraw can move quite quickly (faster than a human normally can) when making large strokes with a wide-tipped marker, but even a (human) calligrapher will slow down for higher neatness. The wedding invitation text in our video should give you a decent idea of typical writing speed when going for higher neatness; that example is a little slower than people normally write.

Yes! The best way to do that is by directly capturing your signature as you sign it, for example on a phone or tablet screen. That way, the AxiDraw can replay it just in the same way that you wrote it. Capturing a signature is covered in our documentation on handwriting, here .

We also have exclusive utilities, available to AxiDraw owners, that can add handwriting-like "defects" to your text. Text laid out in perfectly even rows (like what you get with a handwriting font in MS word) always looks a little too "robotic" to be handwriting.

No, not in the way that you might hope.

Yes, you can scan handwritten text, trace it with a bitmap tracing tool, and plot it. This is straightforward, and your AxiDraw will be more than happy to comply. (AxiDraw will plot the paths that you provide to it.)

However, and with only rare exceptions, automatic tracing of scanned handwriting creates a somewhat unpleasant imitation of handwriting, and we do not recommend this approach as part of any workflow.

You can read more about tracing scans in our documentation, here . (In brief: there are excellent ways to use the AxiDraw to reproduce handwriting, but starting with a scan is not one of them.)

Not at present, but it is something that we are looking into.

Some AxiDraw users do use various types of paper handling machines — sometimes printers with built-in paper feeders and sometimes commercial solutions. Professional print shops and companies that make equipment for them have many different ways of moving pieces of paper from point A to point B.

More commonly, for small scale use, AxiDraw users manually swap out paper clipped to small clipboard easels or use larger-size AxiDraw units that allow multiple pages to fit within the print area.

Yes; you can see a few examples here .

The key issues that you need to be aware of is that the fabric generally needs to be held taut, and you need to choose markers that don't easily catch on the fabric. It is likely that with care and experimentation you will be able to make it work.

Calligraphy is not the same in any sense as (for example) simply using computer fonts or plotting a drawing. Calligraphy generally involves individually sculpted letter shapes, and in many cases pen movements that are far more complex than AxiDraw can provide.

That said, some calligraphers do use AxiDraw for low-end busywork (say, addressing hundreds of place cards), saving some wear on their wrists and presumably passing along some of the cost savings.

The AxiDraw is designed for moving a pen, not a carving or cutting tool. It does not have the type of rigidity that you need for carving, nor the ability to apply significant downward force.

That said, a number of people have experimented with it. Here is one notable project, using the AxiDraw for cutting cardstock and vinyl.

AxiDraw can be used with whatever fonts are on your computer, so long as the text is converted to paths before plotting.

We have developed a special-purpose software application called AxiDraw Merge , which is a mail merge solution for AxiDraw.

Once you are set up with it, AxiDraw Merge can automatically (1) populate a template with data sourced from a CSV file, (2) render the text into handwriting-like stroke-based fonts, (3) add intentionally variations so that text does not lie upon straight lines, and (4) plot the document. It can also merge and plot subsequent pages upon a button press or after a time delay.

AxiDraw Merge is available to AxiDraw owners at no additional cost.

The AxiDraw is designed to work on flat surfaces, and we do not test them in the vertical orientation. That said, quite a few AxiDraw users have mounted theirs to the wall without apparent difficulty.

One issue to consider is that the AxiDraw's pen holder normally rests the pen on the writing surface by its weight alone. On the wall, you'll need an alternative to gravity for lowering the pen. The typical solution is a rubber band.

(1) We maintain a large and growing library at the AxiDraw Wiki Page , our central documentation site for all things AxiDraw. Our documentation is clear and comprehensive, with special sections to help you get up and running quickly.

(2) We have support forums for the AxiDraw, here .

(3) Most importantly: We're the designers and manufacturers of the AxiDraw, and we're here to help! Please don't hesitate to contact us directly.

AxiDraw does not have a duty cycle limit. You can run it all day long if you like.

The AxiDraw is designed to be serviceable for a long life. Components such as the drive belt, rolling wheels, ball bearings, and stepper motors can all be replaced in the unlikely event that it should become necessary. (And, those parts are actually available if you need them.)

One component on the AxiDraw is considered expendable and may need regular replacement in heavy duty (e.g., industrial) settings. The small pen-lift servo motor does wear out over time but is inexpensive and straightforward to replace. For heavy duty applications, you may wish to keep a spare on hand. We do also offer a performance upgrade option to a long-lasting brushless pen-lift servo motor , which also gives the AxiDraw a major speed boost.

No. While AxiDraw is most commonly controlled through a set of extensions to Inkscape, there are other methods of plotting including the command-line interface (CLI).

Many AxiDraw users do their design work in other programs, and use Inkscape as their "page setup" screen for plotting.

For real-time plotting in response to user input and for certain other generative applications, you can plot directly within Processing .

AxiDraw machines are designed, manufactured, and tested right at our facility in Sunnyvale, California.

Demos are available by appointment at our shop in Sunnyvale, CA. Please contact us to request an appointment.

We're open M-F, 12-6, and closed on US postal holidays.

The AxiDraw has two precision stepper motors in its base. Together, they drive a single looped belt that moves the carriage around in the XY plane. The high-performance linear stages feature custom-designed wheels that roll smoothly on custom aluminum extrusions, specially designed for high stiffness and light weight.

The pen-lift stage uses a separate mechanism: a smaller third motor, combined with a precise low-friction linear stage, serves to lift the pen off of the page.

In addition to the popular AxiDraw models listed above we do make a few other standard sizes, as well as custom-sized and custom-configured AxiDraw machines.

One notable version is the compact AxiDraw MiniKit 2 which comes as a kit.

If you need a compact AxiDraw that is not a kit, we do make an AxiDraw V3/B6 (with plot area of 190 × 140 mm, or 7.48 × 5.51 inches) that is available by special order.

We also make larger format and customized AxiDraw machines to order, including the AxiDraw SE/A2 and SE/A1 with plot area of 594 × 432 mm (23.4 × 17 inches) and 864 × 594 mm (34 × 23.4 inches), respectively. These larger machines typically require a custom shipping quote.

No; we do not offer any printing services.

Please contact us and ask; we're here to help.

Support Resources

Our AxiDraw documentation wiki is a continually growing library of resources for getting started with the AxiDraw, including a thoroughly detailed PDF user guide , support forum, a number of tutorials on specialty topics, and links to additional resources.

Personal support: We're here to help!

Having an issue? Need to know where to find something in the manual, or how to do something that isn't in the manual? Want to ask us about your application before deciding to purchase?

If so, please don't hesitate to contact us directly. Our goal is to provide personal, competent service both as you get set up and running, and for as long as you have your AxiDraw.

DIY CNC Writing Machine Using GRBL

Introduction: DIY CNC Writing Machine Using GRBL

In this project, I will show you how to easily build your own low-cost Arduino CNC Plotter Using Free and Open-Source Software!

I’ve come across a lot of tutorials explaining how to build your own CNC plotter, but not a single one that explains in detail about all the details and software required to make it happen. I had to cross-refer with a hell lot of tutorials to make this project happen. Everything including the details of the software used are mentioned in this tutorial. Thus, I wanted to share this with the society for anyone who wishes to create this Project.

Step 1: WHAT YOU’LL NEED

• Nema 17 Stepper Motor (4-Wire) x 2
• Arduino Uno R3
• CNC Shield V3 For Arduino Uno
• A4988 Stepper Motor Driver x 2
• Threaded Rods x 2 (Sized according to your needs)
• Plain Aluminium Rods x 2
• 5mm Acrylic sheet
• CNC Milling/Laser Cutter/3D Printer
• Micro Servo

Step 2: BASIC OVERVIEW

The heart of this machine is the Arduino working

with the CNC Shield and the Stepper Motors. The stepper motors are used to actuate the X and Y axes. Two gantries each consisting of one stepper motor is made and constructed using acrylic. Each axis is controlled separately by the Arduino running the GRBL Firmware which is free and open-source. The pen attached on the Z-Axis is controlled using a servo.

Step 3: MAKING THE FRAME

Download the given Illustrator file and use your respective Mill/LaserCutter/3D Printer to make the pieces for the frame. Also cut out the supports for the Stepper motor.

Attachments

Step 4: creating the adapter for the motor.

I 3D modeled the adapter for the model in Fusion 360 according to the dimensions of my rod and motor shaft. The stl and fusion files are linked down below. It can also be found on my TinkerCAD profile. Download the files and 3D print the Adapter.

Click here for the TinkerCAD file.

Step 5: ASSEMBLING THE GANTRIES

• Assemble the CNC’d Acrylic pieces to match the shown image by mounting the vertical motor and rod supports as shown in the picture. Similarly, assemble the Y gantry using the acrylic pieces.

Step 6: MOUNTING THE GANTRIES ON TOP OF EACH OTHER

Slide-in nuts on both the threaded rods and the plain rods and fix them in place. Glue a piece of acrylic spaning over both the rods.

Glue the Y axis gantry to this piece of acrylic,

Step 7: MAKING THE PEN HOLDER

CNC out the required parts and put them together to form the mechanism shown in the images. Attach the Servo in the given spot using glue.

Step 8: WIRING THE MACHINE

Connect the male jumpers in between the Driver holders to enable micro-stepping.

connect the rest of the parts as mentioned in the wiring diagram.

Power the parts using a 12v supply

Step 9: REFER THE VIDEO BY CREATTIVE BUZZ FOR CLEARER DETAILS ON THE MECHANICAL CONSTRUCTION

I've done my Mechanical construction all in reference to this video, all credits to the owner.

Step 10: SOFTWARE

Step 11: flashing grbl to the arduino.

The main Software running on the Arduino that controls the Motors is GRBL. TO flash it :

• Download the Given Library
• Add the Library to Arduino IDE
• Under MIGRBL
• open grblupload
• Upload the sketch to your arduino.

Step 12: INKSCAPE FOR SENDING THE GCODE

Download Inkscape Version 0.47 from here . and install it.

Step 13: DOWNLOADING AND ADDING THE GRBL EXTENTION TO INKSCAPE

Download the below-given files

Refer to this video for details on how to install the extension in Inkscape.

Step 14: UNIVERSAL G CODE SENDER

Download the Universal G Code sender and unzip it.

FROM HERE .

Step 15: CALIBRATING THE STEPS PER MM FOR G CODE SENDER

Open the G-Code Sender aplication.

• Connect the Arduino to the Computer
• Select the right communication port
• Hit Open to establish a connection with the arduino.
• Enter Machine Control Mode
• Make sure your machine runs in the right directions using the x y motions.
• give each axis a motion of 1 inch and measure the actual distance travelle
• Move to Command tab
• note down values of $100 and $101 for steps per mm of x and y axis respectively.
• Use “$100 =” to adjust the steps per mm on the x axis and “$101 = ” for the y axis respectively.
• Repeat this untill the distance travelled is exactly equal to the command given.

Step 16: Creating the GCODE FILE

• Open Inkscape
• Import the desired image and convert it to path
• In Extensions, Use the MI GRBL EXTENSION.
• Press apply and create the GCODE FILE.
• Open File mode in GCODE Sender
• choose the file

SIT BACK AND LET THE MACHINE DRAW.

Participated in the CNC Contest

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