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220 Economics Essay Topics You Can Explore in Your Research

Updated 20 Jun 2024

Economics is one of the most important social sciences. As it discusses and studies the flow of value in our society, it impacts almost every aspect of our lives. It can also be effectively used to improve our modern society.

The list of economic essay topics is endless – the field focuses on multiple areas of human interactions on different scales. Choosing one of the economics topics for an essay relevant to your task and interesting to research can be hard. That’s why our essay writing service is here to help you.

💡 Tips for Choosing Interesting Economics Topics

Let’s review the main steps you can take to make the selection of topic ideas easier for you:

• Select the relevant field of study – economics is a broad field, so it is often divided into several subcategories, including micro- and macroeconomics, social economics, and many more. If you want to select relevant economics paper topics, first you need to determine the field you’re focusing on;
• Find something interesting to you – even the most interesting topics will not make for a good essay if they are not delivered well enough. Find something that you’re interested in learning more about and focus on economics essay questions connected to it;
• Make sure there are enough trustworthy data sources on the subject – like many other social studies, economics is often manipulated to prove a point or an agenda. Make sure the sources you use are relevant and trustworthy;
• Ensure you can keep the reader engaged – if most of your research will consist of raw data, it will most likely not be interesting to read. Make sure that the topic you choose is interesting and engaging enough for you to grasp the reader’s attention.

Among the main topics you can discuss in economics research are:

• Fundamental economics, cost to benefit analysis, and importance of decision-making;
• Macroeconomics , supply, and demand;
• Microeconomics, market structure, and strategies, competition;
• International economics, trade, market, and more;
• Personal economics, spending habits, personal investment;
• Social economics, class structure, the cultural impact of economics.

📈 List of Economics Essay Topics

These general topics explore the specifics of the field, its difference from other studies, and relevant questions in the modern state of this science.

• The Role of Cryptocurrencies in Modern Economics
• Impact of Globalization on Emerging Economies
• Behavioral Economics: How Psychology Influences Economic Decisions
• The Economics of Climate Change and Sustainable Development
• Universal Basic Income: Pros and Cons
• The Effect of Trade Wars on Global Economic Stability
• Gig Economy: Transforming Traditional Labor Markets
• Economic Implications of Artificial Intelligence and Automation
• The Future of Work: Economic Perspectives on Telecommuting and Remote Work
• Income Inequality and Economic Growth: A Complex Relationship
• The Economics of Renewable Energy: Costs and Benefits
• Healthcare Economics: Analyzing the Cost-Effectiveness of Public Health Policies
• The Impact of Economic Sanctions on Targeted Countries
• Economic Strategies for Combating Poverty and Homelessness
• The Role of Central Banks in Managing Economic Crises
• Economic Analysis of the Student Loan Debt Crisis
• The Economics of Internet Privacy and Data Security
• Supply Chain Economics: Lessons from Global Disruptions
• The Role of Innovation and Technology in Economic Growth
• Economic Impacts of Immigration: A Balanced View

🌎 World Economics Essay Questions

• How do international trade agreements affect emerging economies?
• What are the economic impacts of climate change on global agriculture?
• How does the rise of China affect the global economic balance?
• What role does the World Bank play in shaping the economies of developing countries?
• How do economic policies in developed countries impact global poverty?
• What are the effects of global economic sanctions on the targeted nations?
• How does the digital economy influence global economic disparities?
• What are the economic consequences of Brexit for the European Union and the UK?
• How do multinational corporations influence economic policies in developing countries?
• What is the impact of global pandemics, like COVID-19, on international trade and economy?
• How does the global shift towards renewable energy sources affect oil-dependent economies?
• What are the economic challenges and opportunities in Africa's rapidly growing economies?
• How do remittances from migrants impact the economies of their home countries?
• What are the economic implications of the increasing global population?
• How does political instability in the Middle East affect global oil markets and economies?
• What is the role of emerging technologies in shaping the future of global finance?
• How do global economic inequalities impact international relations and security?
• What are the economic effects of international tourism on small island developing states?
• How do trade wars, particularly between the US and China, reshape global economic dynamics?
• What are the economic strategies for sustainable development in underdeveloped regions?

📊 Macroeconomics Essay Topics

Macroeconomics deals with economic systems as a whole. It is extremely important to discuss, as it can help to learn more about how well the system is performing and what can be done to improve it.

• Analyzing the Long-term Economic Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic
• The Role of Fiscal Policy in Managing Economic Recessions
• Inflation vs. Deflation: Causes, Consequences, and Control
• The Impact of Monetary Policy on Economic Growth
• Globalization and Its Effects on National Economies
• The Economics of Income Inequality in Developed Countries
• Understanding the Phillips Curve: Inflation and Unemployment
• The Role of Government Spending in Stimulating Economic Growth
• Exchange Rates and Their Impact on International Trade
• The Effects of National Debt on a Country's Economic Health
• Economic Indicators and Their Role in Policy Making
• The Relationship Between Consumer Confidence and Economic Performance
• The Impact of Oil Prices on the Global Economy
• Quantitative Easing: Benefits and Risks
• The Economics of Climate Change Policies in Developed Nations
• Housing Markets and Their Influence on the Economy
• The Role of Central Banks in Modern Economies
• Supply-Side Economics: Theory and Practice
• The Impact of Technological Innovation on Economic Growth
• Demographic Changes and Their Macroeconomic Implications

📉 Microeconomics Essay Topics

Microeconomics, on the other hand, deals with the economy on an individual scale. Discussing the importance of personal decision making and how it impacts the system is actually just as important as paying attention to the large scale, so let’s take a look at the topics you can explore:

• The Impact of Consumer Behavior on Market Demand
• Price Elasticity of Demand: Analysis in Different Markets
• The Role of Competition in Shaping Market Outcomes
• Monopolies and Oligopolies: Their Impact on Consumers and Prices
• Behavioral Economics: How Irrational Behaviors Affect Economic Decisions
• The Economics of Labor Markets and Wage Determination
• Supply Chain Economics: The Microeconomic Perspective
• The Impact of Advertising on Consumer Preferences and Market Trends
• Game Theory and Its Application in Competitive Business Strategies
• The Economics of Healthcare: Demand, Supply, and Pricing
• Environmental Economics: The Cost of Pollution and Its Microeconomic Impacts
• The Role of Government in Market Failures: Subsidies, Taxes, and Regulations
• Resource Allocation in Different Economic Systems
• The Economics of Education: Human Capital and Labor Market Outcomes
• The Impact of Technological Change on Small Businesses
• Consumer Choice Theory and Its Implications for Marketing
• Risk and Uncertainty in Microeconomic Decision-Making
• The Microeconomics of Urban Development and Housing Markets
• The Role of Information Asymmetry in Market Transactions
• The Economics of Agriculture: Supply and Demand in Food Markets

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🏥 Healthcare Economics Essay Topics

• The Economic Impact of Universal Healthcare Systems vs. Private Healthcare Systems
• Cost-Benefit Analysis of Public Health Campaigns
• The Role of Health Insurance in Shaping Healthcare Economics
• Economic Implications of Aging Populations on Healthcare Systems
• The Impact of Pharmaceutical Patents on Drug Prices and Accessibility
• Healthcare Expenditure: A Comparison Between Developed and Developing Countries
• The Economics of Mental Health Care and Its Funding
• Analyzing the Cost-Effectiveness of Preventive Medicine
• The Role of Technology in Reducing Healthcare Costs
• Economic Analysis of the Opioid Crisis in the United States
• Healthcare Economics in the Context of a Pandemic
• The Impact of Lifestyle Diseases on Healthcare Systems
• Economic Challenges in Providing Rural Healthcare
• The Effects of Healthcare Policy Reforms on Service Delivery
• The Role of Private Sector Investment in Healthcare
• Analyzing the Price Elasticity of Demand in Healthcare
• The Economics of Emergency Medical Services and Critical Care
• Healthcare Workforce Economics: Challenges and Solutions
• The Impact of Medical Tourism on Domestic Healthcare Economics
• Evaluating the Economic Efficiency of Telemedicine Services

Consumerism Essay Topics

• The Impact of Consumerism on Global Environmental Sustainability
• Consumer Culture: Its Evolution and Impact on Society
• The Psychology Behind Consumer Buying Behavior
• The Effects of Advertising and Media on Consumer Choices
• Ethical Consumerism: Balancing Profit and Social Responsibility
• The Role of Branding in Modern Consumerism
• Consumerism and Its Impact on Personal Debt and Financial Health
• Fast Fashion: Consumerism and Its Environmental Footprint
• The Influence of Social Media on Consumer Trends and Behaviors
• Minimalism as an Antidote to Consumerism: Pros and Cons
• The Relationship Between Consumerism and the Throwaway Culture
• Consumerism in the Digital Age: Online Shopping and Its Impacts
• The Effects of Globalization on Consumerism and Local Cultures
• Consumer Rights and Protection: A Historical Perspective
• The Impact of Consumerism on Mental Health and Well-being
• Sustainable Consumerism: Is It Achievable in a Capitalist Society?
• The Role of Government in Regulating Consumer Markets
• Consumerism in Developing Countries: Trends and Challenges
• The Evolution of Consumerism in the 21st Century
• The Intersection of Consumerism and Technological Advancements

💰 Finance Paper Topics

• The Impact of Cryptocurrency on Traditional Financial Systems
• Behavioral Finance: Understanding the Psychology of Investing
• The Role of Fintech in Shaping the Future of Banking
• Corporate Social Responsibility in Financial Decision-Making
• The Effects of Interest Rate Changes on the Economy
• Risk Management in Financial Institutions
• The Global Impact of the US Federal Reserve's Monetary Policy
• Sustainable Finance: Investing in Environmental and Social Governance (ESG)
• The Evolution of International Financial Markets
• Financial Inclusion: Strategies for Bridging the Gap in Developing Countries
• The Role of Credit Ratings in Financial Markets
• Impact of Financial Regulations on Banking Sector
• Analysis of Stock Market Bubbles and Crashes
• The Future of Digital Banking and Online Financial Services
• Private Equity and Venture Capital: Their Role in Economic Growth
• The Economics of Debt: National and International Perspectives
• Financial Derivatives: Uses and Controversies
• The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Financial Services
• Microfinance and Its Impact on Poverty Alleviation
• The Challenges of Pension Fund Management in an Aging Society

✏️ Socio-Economic Essay Topics

• The Impact of Economic Inequality on Social Mobility
• The Role of Education in Bridging the Socio-Economic Divide
• Gender Disparities in the Workplace: Economic and Social Implications
• The Effects of Urbanization on Socio-Economic Development
• Social Entrepreneurship: Combining Economic Goals with Social Impact
• The Relationship Between Poverty and Crime Rates
• Economic Policies and Their Impact on Social Welfare
• The Socio-Economic Challenges of Aging Populations
• Income Inequality and Its Impact on Health Outcomes
• The Role of Technology in Shaping Socio-Economic Trends
• Child Labor: Socio-Economic Causes and Consequences
• The Impact of Globalization on Local Cultures and Economies
• Socio-Economic Factors Influencing Voter Behavior
• The Economics of Immigration: Social and Economic Perspectives
• Socio-Economic Implications of Climate Change
• The Digital Divide: Socio-Economic Impacts of Internet Access
• Racial and Ethnic Economic Disparities in Urban Areas
• The Socio-Economic Effects of War and Conflict
• Socio-Economic Determinants of Health in Developing Countries
• The Role of Government in Addressing Socio-Economic Inequalities

📖 Economic History Topics

• The Economic Consequences of the Industrial Revolution
• The Great Depression: Causes and Global Impact
• The Role of Trade and Commerce in the Ancient World
• Economic Factors Leading to the American Revolution
• The History of the Gold Standard and Its Economic Impact
• The Rise and Fall of the Roman Economy
• The Economic Implications of European Colonialism
• The Silk Road: Economic and Cultural Exchange
• The Impact of the Agricultural Revolution on Societal Development
• Mercantilism and Its Role in Shaping Modern Economics
• The Economic Causes and Consequences of World War II
• The Bretton Woods System and the Post-War Global Economy
• The History of the Global Oil Economy
• The Economic Impact of the Transatlantic Slave Trade
• The Evolution of Central Banking and Its Role in Economic Stabilization
• The Asian Financial Crisis of 1997: Causes and Effects
• The Economic History of the European Union
• The Role of Innovation and Technology in Economic Growth Through History
• The Economic Impacts of the Cold War
• The History and Development of Global Trade Agreements

💲 Tax Topics for an Essay

• The Economic Impact of Progressive vs. Regressive Tax Systems
• Tax Evasion and Avoidance: Causes, Consequences, and Solutions
• The Role of Taxation in Income Redistribution
• Comparative Analysis of Tax Systems in Different Countries
• The Impact of Corporate Taxation on Business Decisions and Growth
• Carbon Taxes and Their Effectiveness in Combating Climate Change
• The History and Evolution of Income Tax
• Value-Added Tax (VAT): Pros and Cons
• Tax Incentives for Small Businesses: Benefits and Drawbacks
• The Relationship Between Tax Policies and Economic Growth
• Digital Taxation: Taxing the Tech Giants
• The Ethics of Taxation: Balancing Government Needs and Taxpayer Rights
• Property Taxes and Their Impact on Housing Markets
• Tax Havens: Economic and Legal Implications
• The Effect of Sales Taxes on Consumer Behavior
• Tax Reforms: Case Studies and Their Outcomes
• The Role of Taxes in Healthcare Financing
• Estate Taxes and Wealth Distribution
• The Impact of Taxation on Investment and Savings
• Sin Taxes on Alcohol and Tobacco: Economic and Social Perspectives

Human Development Essay Topics

• The Role of Education in Human Development
• Impact of Early Childhood Development on Later Life Outcomes
• Gender Inequality and Its Effects on Human Development
• The Influence of Family Structure on Child Development
• Economic Growth and Its Impact on Human Development Indices
• The Role of Nutrition in Cognitive and Physical Development
• Cultural Influences on Personality and Identity Formation
• The Impact of Technology on Adolescent Development
• Mental Health and Its Importance in Human Development
• Social Policy and Its Effects on Vulnerable Populations
• The Role of Play in Child Development
• Adolescent Brain Development and Behavior
• The Effects of Poverty on Human Development
• The Impact of Globalization on Cultural Identity and Development
• Environmental Factors and Their Influence on Human Growth
• The Role of Language in Cognitive Development
• The Impact of War and Conflict on Children's Development
• Social Media and Its Influence on Youth Development
• The Role of Community in Shaping Individual Development
• Human Development and Disability: Challenges and Opportunities

Final thoughts

In summary, this list of economics essay topics covers a lot of important areas. From big-picture issues like world economies to smaller, everyday things like how we make choices about buying stuff, each topic helps us understand more about how money and business affect our lives and the world. Writing essays on these topics isn't just about schoolwork; it's also a way for students to really get into how economics works and how it touches everything we do. By studying these topics, students aren't just learning; they're getting ready to be smart and thoughtful members of society who understand the big economic issues that we all face. Selecting compelling economics essay topics can be challenging, but if you need help, you can always find a service to write my essay and ensure a well-structured and insightful paper.

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120+ Interesting Economics Essay Topics to Impress Your Instructor

Essay writing is hard. It is hard even for the most skillful academic writers and genius economists. There is no single recipe for a good economics essay: you have to learn it through constant practice. First of all, to write an essay, you need to find a good topic. What does this mean? The topic should be interesting, manageable, and relevant. Most of the beginner writers face the problem of coming up with the right topic for their papers wasting hours and even days on finding the right one. It is important to generate as many ideas as you can, then write them down in one place and only then decide which topic will suit your assignment the best.

Don’t simply hope that your adviser will give you a good idea, as only you know what topics will be interesting to you. To help you a bit, our economics essay writer has created a list of interesting economics essay topics. We have divided topics into such categories: macroeconomics, microeconomics, healthcare, interesting, easy, general, and world economics. Let’s check them out!

Economics essay topics to impress your instructor in December 2023

• Modern financial landscape and cryptocurrencies.
• The effects of globalization on emerging marketplaces.
• An economic view on telecommuting and other forms of remote work: jobs of the future.
• Rise in the standard of living and income disparity: A complex relationship.
• Renewable energy’s economic effects: denefits and drawbacks.
• Economic decision-making and the function of psychology (behavioral economics).
• Economists view sustainable development in the context of climate change.
• Effects of artificial intelligence and robots on the economy.
• In times of economic recession, what role do Central Banks play?
• How efficient is public health policy? Health care cost analysis.
• Economic impact of sanctions on chosen nations.
• Programs to alleviate poverty and put an end to homelessness.

Easy essay topics on economics

• Analyze the economic situation in Hong Kong and China and give forecasts for the future .
• Describe 10 principles of economics. Explain what questions economics addresses, as well as the principles of how the economy works. Touch such points as gross domestic product (GPD), the flow of money and goods, and the consumer price index (CPI).
• Explain the differences between long-term and short-term economic growth. Define the features of long-term growth. What is the impact of long-term economic growth on business?
• Explain the role of government in managing the economy and economic development. You can approach this topic from a historical perspective and describe the role of government in economic history. Make connections of issues from the past and connect them with present issues.
• Explore the economic situation in one of the countries in Africa (your choice). Define the most urgent economic issues that should be solved in the near future. Find out the citizen engagement level in the economic system, the level of corruption, and its effects on the domestic environment.
• Analyze the recessions in the US economy and define its causes. What fiscal and monetary policies were implemented to deal with the recession? How have they affected the society and economy? How do you understand these actions?
• Describe economic phases and turns on the example of US economics. Analyze the existing literature on this topic and define the main economic phases in US economic history. Why is it important to understand this?
• Find out pros and cons of the current money system in the US.
• Describe the ideal capitalist and socialist economy. Define the indicators that will measure goods and services.
• How can Marx’s theories be applied to today’s economy? How does it differ from current economical analysis?
• Define the place of small and family businesses in the economics of your state. What is their role in modern business?
• Create a research project on economic stock. Decide what company (choose three) and decide what stock is best to buy.
• Analyze the economic events in the US or any other country related to poverty. Recommend actions that should be done to prevent future impacts.
• Write a persuasive essay about why it is important to know and understand economics for every person.
• Conduct research and find out the impact of energy economics on the chosen industry.
• Define the economic impact of biofuel. What kinds are already used in the US? What is the future application in the US?
• Analyze the economic policy tool (to your choice) and its effectiveness.
• Show by example how to choose the best option for investing $10,000.
• Explain why the history of US economics should be taught in high schools.
• Explain why less women are majoring in economics than men.

Interesting economics essay topics

• Find out how Switzerland became a rich country. When did it happen?
• Find out the relationship between income and the happiness of an individual. Explore the existing information about the economics of happiness and define whether income influences the level of well-being of the person.
• Define the relationship between economics and the housewife. What is the economic value of the housewife’s work? Analyze the existing information about this issue from sources.
• Analyze the beer industry in a country (of your choice). Provide basic information about the peculiarities of beer manufacturing. Consider such points as consumption volumes, as well as levels of import and export. Define the level of concentration and the power market.
• Analyze “Charlie and the Chocolate Factory” from an economic point of view. Consider such points: scarcity, supply and demand, international trade, medium of exchange, etc. Support your points with examples from the movie.
• Analyze the economics of pornography. Define how the internet has changed the pornography business. Analyze the market, distribution, and amount of revenue.
• Find out how economics can be connected to sex. Define how demand and supply have changed over time.
• Analyze how innovations influence economics and give several examples of such influence. Philosophy of economics. What are the most important questions in the philosophy of economics?
• Explain the economics of slavery in the US. Find out the profitability of slavery and its contribution to the world economy.
• Define whether economics is an experimental science or not.
• Evaluate the impact of financial incentives for teachers on student achievements.
• Find out the future of economics in regards to inventions like robotics and artificial intelligence.
• Evaluate the effects of marijuana legalization on the economics of your state.
• Evaluate the impact of Big Data on the banking sector from an economics perspective.
• Explain the phenomenon of the housing bubble. Describe the causes and impact of a housing bubble on the economy. How should it be approached?
• Explain how online shopping has influenced the economics of the chosen state or country.
• Define how Marvel heroes were affected by economics and politics.
• Analyze “Sea of Poppies” and “Robinson Crusoe” from an economic point of view.

Macroeconomic paper topics

• Make a macroeconomic analysis of the Greek crisis . What are the main causes of this crisis?
• Analyze a low-income economy (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, North Korea, Ukraine, etc.). Provide basic facts like location, population, industries, finance, climate, income, and brief political and economic history. What recommendations of actions can you give? State your own opinion and support it with evidence.
• Select one industry and find out a macroeconomic policy or indicator that may impact it (e.g. GDP, inflation rates, interest rates, trade policy, taxation, and unemployment). Explain why this macroeconomic indicator or policy is important. How may it impact the chosen industry?
• Analyze the Icelandic economic crisis of 2008 from a macroeconomic perspective. First, you will need to write about the historical fact about the country and analyze the possible causes of this crisis. Describe its impact on the world economy and actions that were taken for stabilization.
• Compare and contrast the features of classical and Keynesian macroeconomics. Define its application in modern economics (e.g. how they can be used as theories successfully in today’s environment). Compare the main features of each system and anything else you think is important to compare.
• Analyze the main policies of the Trump administration and its influence on international equity markets. Think about Trump’s economic policies in relation to globalization. How does it relate to economic development? Support your thoughts with evidence from reliable sources.
• Analyze the state of the US economy from the last decade from a macroeconomic perspective. Consider such measures as GDP, unemployment, inflation rates, etc. Discuss the current situation in terms of households, businesses, and the entire society as a whole.
• Define the macroeconomic effect of China’s economy. Describe the most recent developments in the economy, government regulations, and the availability of raw materials. Define the macroeconomic effect of this country. What role will this country play in the future?
• Find out how NAFTA affects global economics. First, describe what NAFTA is and its initial purpose. Second, explain the functions of NAFTA and its effects on the US economy.
• Analyze one market or macroeconomic event that has occurred this year.
• Analyze the situation of the Tobin Tax for the Euro and Brexit.
• Analyze the Great Recession in the US (2007) from a macroeconomic perspective.
• Analyze homelessness in a particular state or country from a macroeconomic perspective.
• Compare and contrast macroeconomics in two countries (e.g. Haiti and Spain). Provide brief background information, main partners, GPD, inflation, imports and exports, etc.
• Conduct a macroeconomic analysis of Japan. Touch such points as economic growth, demography, current economic issues, inflation, etc.
• Describe the meaning of the macroeconomic short-run and long-run equilibrium.
• Think how knowledge of macroeconomics can assist you in a future career and life.
• What do you think about the future of macroeconomics? Is the main goal of macroeconomics on managing the economy applying a sustainable development policy?
• Choose a personal economic decision of an event and apply macroeconomic concepts to it.
• Define the impact of macroeconomic variables on the stock market in Saudi Arabia.
• Explain how Bitcoin may change macroeconomics in the future.

Microeconomic paper topics

• Compare and contrast two organizations that face elastic demand and inelastic demand (according to your point of view). Choose companies in different industries. Think on what pricing strategy should be used and prove your point of view.
• Analyze the water supply industry in Australia using a microeconomics approach. Describe the background information about Australia’s urban water sector and its objectivity. Consider such points as water supply services, pricing, and demand.
• Define the economic potential of Africa. Provide brief information about Africa and current projects that are already in development. You can touch such spheres as agriculture, technology, sustainability, etc.
• Describe what a cartel is and support it with examples from real industries. Find out why cartels are illegal in the US. Can a cartel manipulate the market? What are the economic consequences of categorization on consumers?
• Explain whether the IT security industry is an oligopoly. First, you will need to define what an oligopoly is. Then you will need to conduct an analysis of the IT security industry in your country. Define the level of competition, pricing, and demand.
• Analyze the elasticity of the coffee market in the US. You will need to consider such points as coffee demand, supply, and price elasticity. Analyze the existing data about coffee consumption in your region and find out how supply and demand influence price and quantity.
• Find out how the price of bananas has changed due to Cyclone Debbie.
• Explain the relation of forests to food security from a microeconomics approach.
• Urban economics: Define the benefits and costs of land use planning in the example of your state.
• Compare and contrast demand side economics and supply side. What side is better?
• Define the profitability of recycling particular waste: plastic, glass, paper fibers, and metals.
• Analyze the motel business in the US from a macroeconomic approach.
• Find out the cost of delivering education in colleges and universities.
• Explain the relation of long-run cost and perfect competition. Provide examples.
• Explain several behavioral economics concepts (of your choice) and give examples.
• Define the effect of oil prices on UAE economics.

Healthcare economics essay topics

• Find out the effects of obesity on the global economy. Obesity has a high rate in many countries. Explore existing information on the topic and state your point of view.
• Reimbursement for services in the healthcare delivery. Compare the fee-for-service approach and the case-based service approach. What reimbursement strategies usually apply in healthcare organizations? What strategies best apply to your organization?
• Define the level of spending on healthcare in the US. What factors impact finances of healthcare organizations? What will be the effect of rising costs on payers, providers, and the general population?
• Explore the Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) from an economic perspective.
• Make an overview of the Children’s Health Insurance Program and supporting legislative documents. What are the problematic issues related to CHIP? Define market forces that have an impact on the issue.
• Explain your own point of view on healthcare economics based on previous scholarly readings. Analyze existing legislation acts and publications of experts.
• Define how economics relates to healthcare. How are principles of economics applied in the healthcare system? How do economic growth and decline influence healthcare? Does investment in healthcare lead to economic growth?
• Analyze an existing healthcare system from an economic point of view. Imagine that you have a possibility to create a new healthcare system or improve one. How will you organize financing, production, and reimbursement?
• Explain the economics of blood supply in the US. Explain how demand and supply influence the business cycle. What will happen in the long run?

World economics essay topics

• Analyze the reasons why the Philippines moved from a progressive country to a third-world country.
• Explain how Brexit affects the EU economy. Define the economic impact of Brexit. Consider such points as trade, agriculture, fishing, and migration. Make an outlook on the future possible consequences.
• Find out the causes of a financial crisis in a developed country (such as in Sweden, Spain, Finland, etc.) and define the effect of economics. First, you will need to make a brief economic overview of the chosen country. Then, analyze what has caused the crisis and how the country has overcome it.
• Define the role of small and medium enterprise (SME) in the economics of the Middle East. What does SME mean? What contribution does it have to the economy? What challenges does it face? Think of what perspectives small and medium enterprises have in the Middle East.
• Find out why low unemployment doesn’t lead to higher wages in the example of the UK (or another country). Define the meaning of wage inflation and effects of a minimum wage. What are the solutions to unemployment?
• Discuss the influence of behavioral economics on globalization. What is behavioral economics? What global economic problems can be solved with the help of behavioral economics?
• Describe the relationship of economics and education in Saudi Arabia (or any other region). Analyze the European economies in the 15th century with an example of a particular country.
• Define the benefits of cheap foreign labor costs in the context of globalization.
• Analyze the influence of economic effects of globalization in a particular country.
• Explain the phenomenon of the “gig economy” and its influence on the global economy.
• Define the role of population growth on global economic growth.
• Think about how environmental economics can solve the problem of climate change.
• Define the importance of renewable energy for international economics.
• Analyze an economic issue in Mozambique (e.g. poverty) and suggest effective measures for its solution.
• Find out the recent developments of emerging economic powers of the world. What future projections can you state?
• Analyze the economic system of Portugal. What economic issues are the most urgent? How can these issues be solved?
• Define the role of financial planning in business economics. How did companies survive the economic crisis in 2008?

General economics essay topics

• Discuss bank marketing in India. Make a brief historical overview of the banking sector and the effects of marketing in banking .
• Make an overview of the US international economics in the 1980s. What is the nature of the US balance of payments? Explain why the balance of payments is an accounting measure. How does a deficit of traded goods influence the balance of payments?
• Analyze the cassava production in a particular area in Nigeria. First, you will need to describe what cassava is and its importance. Analyze the existing data of cassava production. What factors are influencing productivity of cassava?
• Describe the mechanism of monetary and fiscal policy with a particular example. For example, you can discuss government fiscal policy and issues related to budget deficit, taxation, and government spending.
• Explain the role of home economics in providing financial education to people. How will this benefit the world economy? When did this movement start?
• Explain what approaches to international economics (liberal, static, radical) is the most appealing for a developing country (of your choice).
• Describe how economics affects individual and organizational behavior. How does altering the incentives alter the behavior?
• Find out how school quality affects the price of housing in a metropolitan area.
• Explain the difference between economics and finance.
• Define the reasons why the value of the environment is less than the value of economics in many countries.
• Find out how economics has been influenced by other disciplines.
• Explain the meaning of alternative economic approaches and where they can be applied.
• Compare real-world economic issues with Neoclassical economics.
• Explain the paradox of value: the economics of diamonds and water.
• Discuss whether Soviet socialism was an alternative model of capitalism.
• Define the effects of African American economics in the US.
• Compare the economies of Nigeria and South Africa. Which economy is the biggest and why?
• Explain how Adam Smith has contributed and influenced modern society.
• Describe the economic development of Algeria. What factors explain poor economic growth performance?

We sincerely hope that our list of economics essay topics will help you to find a topic for your paper, or at least give you a couple of workable ideas. We have collected the most interesting and feasible topics available. On our economics essay writing service you can find several samples of completed economics essays and a complete guide about the principles of academic writing.

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Economics Essay Topics: Valuable Tips

Economics is a subject that has gained immense popularity in recent times. It deals with interesting economics topics like the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. Moreover, it is a social science that provides insights into how individuals, businesses, and governments make decisions that affect the overall economy. Given its importance, economics essays have become a crucial part of the curriculum for students pursuing various degrees.

Short Description

In this article, our essay writer will take you on a journey through various exciting topics in economics. We'll cover everything from big-picture concepts like macroeconomics to more focused ideas like microeconomics, international trade, and economic policy. Our goal is to help you find the perfect topic for your economics essay—one that matches your interests and demonstrates your understanding of how economics affects the real world.

🎓 What is Economics: Understanding the Importance

Before we dive into the different economics essay topics, it is crucial to understand what economics is and its importance. Economics is a social science that deals with the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. It is concerned with how individuals, businesses, and governments make decisions about allocating resources to satisfy their unlimited wants and needs.

Economics as a science provides a framework for analyzing society's production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. It helps us understand how markets work and how they can be improved to increase efficiency and welfare. Moreover, economic principles have significant implications for various social issues, including poverty, inequality, environmental sustainability, and public policy. By studying economics essay topics, we can gain insights into these issues and develop policies that promote rapid economic growth and social welfare.

When it comes to economics, the range of essay topics is vast and covers various aspects of human interactions on different levels. With so many possibilities to explore, we understand the difficulty of narrowing down your options. That's why our ' write me an essay ' experts are here to offer their guidance and support. We're ready to help you select the ideal topic if you wish to learn how to write informative essay on economics.

🧩 Tips for Choosing Your Ideal Topic

Choosing a topic is the first and most crucial step in writing an economics essay. Your topic will determine the direction and scope of your essay. Here are some tips for choosing the ideal topic from our finance essay writing service :

Tip 1: Understand the relevance of economics to daily life and choose a topic with practical applications.

Recognize that economics plays a significant role in our everyday lives, as it encompasses the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. Therefore, when selecting a topic, ensure its societal relevance. For instance, you might consider exploring 'The Impact of Automation on Employment Rates' or 'The Role of Government Regulations in Controlling Inflation.'

Tip 2: Opt for narrow economics research topics to make them more manageable and allow for in-depth exploration.

Instead of tackling broad subjects like 'International Trade,' narrow down your focus to something like 'The Effects of Tariffs on Small Businesses in the Agriculture Sector' or 'The Relationship Between Exchange Rates and Export Performance in Developing Countries.' By delving deeper into a specific aspect, you can provide more detailed financial analysis and insights.

Tip 3: Conduct preliminary research to identify current topics, debates, and research gaps.

Before finalizing your topic, engage in preliminary research to gain an understanding of recent trends and issues in economics. Explore academic journals, news articles, and books to discover areas that warrant further exploration. For example, you might come across intriguing research gaps such as 'The Impact of Cryptocurrencies on Financial Markets' or 'The Role of Behavioral Economics in Shaping Consumer Decision-Making.'

Tip 4: Seek input from peers or professors to enhance your topic selection process.

Collaborate with your peers during brainstorming sessions to generate fresh ideas and gain different perspectives on potential topics. Additionally, seek guidance from your professor, who can offer valuable insights and feedback to refine your chosen topic. For instance, you can discuss your ideas with classmates and receive suggestions like 'The Influence of Economic Policies on Income Inequality' or receive expert advice from your professor on 'The Implications of Globalization on Developing Economies.'

And if you want expert assistance in applying theoretical concepts to practice and creating an exceptional paper, then address your request to our custom essay writing services .

🗒 Economics Essay Topics: A Comprehensive List

If you are looking for a comprehensive list of interesting economics essay topics, you have come to the right place. Here are some ideas that you can consider:

• Central Banks in Fiscal Policy : Examine central banks' roles in setting interest rates, regulating money supply, and managing inflation.
• Automation and Labor Market : Analyze the impact of automation on jobs, including worker displacement and new job creation.
• Immigration and Labor Market : Explore immigration's effects on wages, job opportunities, and economic growth.
• Economics of Climate Change : Discuss the costs and economic impact of climate change mitigation and adaptation.
• Economics of Healthcare : Investigate healthcare costs, the role of insurance, and the impact of healthcare policies on the economy.
• Government's Economic Role : Examine how government policies, both fiscal and monetary, affect the economy.
• Globalization's Economic Impact : Analyze how globalization affects industries, trade, and employment.
• Poverty and Inequality : Explore the causes and effects of poverty and inequality and the role of government interventions.
• Economics of Education : Investigate education costs, its impact on economic growth, and the government's role in education.
• Marketplace Competition : Discuss how competition promotes economic growth, innovation, and consumer welfare.
• Economics of Entrepreneurshi p: Examine factors promoting entrepreneurship and its impact on the economy.
• Quantitative Easing and Recovery : Analyze how large-scale asset purchases influence inflation, employment, and economic stability.
• Renewable Energy Economics : Assess the costs, benefits, and challenges of transitioning to renewable energy.
• Technological Innovation : Explore how R&D and digitalization impact productivity, job creation, and economic competitiveness.
• Behavioral Economics and Decision-Making : Investigate how cognitive biases and heuristics influence consumer behavior and market outcomes.

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🧮 Macroeconomics Essay Topics

Macroeconomics is a fascinating and complex field of study that aims to understand the overall performance of an economy. It takes into account various factors such as economic growth, inflation, unemployment, and trade policies. If you are looking for some thought-provoking macroeconomics essay topics, here are a few that you might find interesting:

• The Impact of Fiscal Policy on Economic Growth
• Monetary Policy and Inflation Control: Case Studies from Different Countries
• The Role of Central Banks in Modern Economies
• The Effects of Globalization on National Economies
• Unemployment Rates and Economic Stability
• The Influence of Political Stability on Economic Development
• The Economics of Recession and Recovery
• Debt Crisis: Causes and Solutions
• The Relationship Between Exchange Rates and International Trade
• The Future of Cryptocurrencies in the Global Economy

📉 Microeconomics Essay Topics

Microeconomics focuses on the behavior of individual consumers and businesses in the market. The principles of microeconomics are used to analyze how these entities make decisions, interact with each other, and influence the overall economy. If you're interested in exploring this field further, here are some microeconomics essay topics that you might find interesting:

• The Theory of Consumer Choice and Its Applications
• Market Structures: Comparing Perfect Competition, Monopolies, and Oligopolies
• Price Elasticity of Demand: Importance and Calculation
• The Role of Government in Market Failures
• The Economics of Labor Markets and Wage Determination
• The Impact of Minimum Wage Laws on Small Businesses
• Behavioral Economics: How Human Psychology Affects Economic Decisions
• Game Theory and Its Applications in Business
• The Economics of Information and Market Efficiency
• The Impact of Technology on Production and Costs

🎏 International Economics Essay Topics

International economics deals with the economic interactions between countries, including trade, investment, and migration. Here are some international economic relations topics:

• The Pros and Cons of Free Trade Agreements
• The Impact of Tariffs and Trade Wars on Global Economies
• Exchange Rate Dynamics and International Trade
• The Role of International Organizations in Global Trade
• Economic Integration: Case Studies of the EU and NAFTA
• The Economics of Developing Countries: Challenges and Opportunities
• Foreign Direct Investment: Benefits and Risks
• Global Supply Chains and Their Economic Implications
• The Role of Multinational Corporations in Globalization
• The Impact of Currency Crises on Emerging Markets

📉 Behavioral Economics Essay Topics

Behavioral economics combines psychology and economics to analyze how people make decisions. Here are some behavioral economics essay topics:

• The Role of Cognitive Biases in Economic Decision-Making
• How Social Preferences Influence Market Outcomes
• Behavioral Insights into Consumer Credit Usage
• The Impact of Behavioral Economics on Public Policy
• Nudging and Its Effectiveness in Changing Economic Behavior
• The Psychology of Saving and Investment Decisions
• The Influence of Emotions on Economic Decisions
• Behavioral Economics and Health-Related Decision-Making
• The Economics of Happiness: Measuring Well-Being
• The Role of Heuristics in Financial Decision-Making

🚑 Healthcare Economics Essay Topics

Healthcare economics analyzes how the healthcare system operates, including the costs and benefits of healthcare interventions. Here are some healthcare economics essay topics:

• The Economics of Universal Healthcare Systems
• The Impact of Health Insurance on Medical Costs
• The Role of Government Regulation in the Pharmaceutical Industry
• Cost-Benefit Analysis of Preventive Healthcare
• The Economics of Aging Populations and Healthcare Demand
• The Effectiveness of Public Health Interventions
• The Impact of Technological Advancements on Healthcare Costs
• Healthcare Disparities: Economic Causes and Solutions
• The Economics of Mental Health Services
• The Role of Economic Incentives in Health Behavior Change

🌎 Consumerism Essay Topics

Consumerism refers to the cultural and economic mindset that encourages the acquisition of goods and services. Here are some consumerism essay topics:

• The Impact of Advertising on Consumer Behavior
• Consumerism and Its Effects on the Environment
• The Role of Credit in Modern Consumerism
• The Psychology Behind Impulse Buying
• The Economic Implications of the Sharing Economy
• The Relationship Between Consumerism and Economic Growth
• Ethical Consumerism: Trends and Economic Impact
• The Influence of Social Media on Consumer Spending
• The Role of Consumer Protection Laws in Market Economies
• The Impact of Globalization on Consumer Choices

📚 Economic History Topics

Economic history is a field of study that examines the historical development of economic systems, policies, and institutions, as well as the social, political, and cultural factors that have influenced economic outcomes over time. Here are the 10 interesting topics:

• The Great Depression: Causes, Consequences, and Recovery
• The Economic Impact of World War II
• The Industrial Revolution and Economic Development
• The Evolution of Trade and Commerce in Ancient Civilizations
• The Economic Effects of Colonialism
• The Rise and Fall of the Gold Standard
• The History of Banking and Financial Institutions
• Economic Reforms in Post-Soviet States
• The Role of Agriculture in Early Economic Systems
• The Economic History of the Silk Road

📊 Public Finance Research Topics

Public finance research focuses on the study of the government's role in the allocation, distribution, and management of resources within an economy. It encompasses the analysis of public revenues, expenditures, taxation policies, and the impact of government interventions on economic outcomes and social welfare. Here are 10 relevant economics papers topics:

• The Role of Government in Economic Stabilization
• The Impact of Taxation on Economic Growth
• Public Debt and Its Implications for Future Generations
• The Economics of Social Security Systems
• Fiscal Policy and Income Inequality
• The Effectiveness of Government Spending on Education and Healthcare
• The Role of Public-Private Partnerships in Infrastructure Development
• The Economic Impact of Environmental Taxes
• The Challenges of Pension Fund Management
• The Role of Fiscal Rules in Economic Governance

Closing Remarks 

To wrap up, economics is a subject that offers insights into how the world works. It provides a framework for analyzing complex social issues, including poverty, inequality, and public policy. Therefore, exploring economics essays topics is an excellent way of understanding the subject's relevance in the real world.

By following the tips for choosing your ideal topic and exploring the comprehensive list of economics topics for an essay, you can write an insightful and inspiring paper that contributes to the ongoing dialogue on economics.

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Economics Essay Examples

Ace Your Essay With Our Economics Essay Examples

Published on: Jun 6, 2023

Last updated on: Jan 31, 2024

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Are you struggling to understand economics essays and how to write your own?

It can be challenging to grasp the complexities of economic concepts without practical examples.

But don’t worry! 

We’ve got the solution you've been looking for. Explore quality examples that bridge the gap between theory and real-world applications. In addition, get insightful tips for writing economics essays.

So, if you're a student aiming for academic success, this blog is your go-to resource for mastering economics essays.

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What is an Economics Essay?

An economics essay is a written piece that explores economic theories, concepts, and their real-world applications. It involves analyzing economic issues, presenting arguments, and providing evidence to support ideas. 

The goal of an economics essay is to demonstrate an understanding of economic principles and the ability to critically evaluate economic topics.

Why Write an Economics Essay?

Writing an economics essay serves multiple purposes:

• Demonstrate Understanding: Showcasing your comprehension of economic concepts and their practical applications.
• Develop Critical Thinking: Cultivating analytical skills to evaluate economic issues from different perspectives.
• Apply Theory to Real-World Contexts: Bridging the gap between economic theory and real-life scenarios.
• Enhance Research and Analysis Skills: Improving abilities to gather and interpret economic data.
• Prepare for Academic and Professional Pursuits: Building a foundation for success in future economics-related endeavors.

Paper Due? Why Suffer? That's our Job!

If you’re wondering, ‘how do I write an economics essay?’, consulting an example essay might be a good option for you. Here are some economics essay examples:

Short Essay About Economics

A Level Economics Essay Examples

Here is an essay on economics a level structure:

Band 6 Economics Essay Examples

Here are some downloadable economics essays:

Economics essay pdf

Economics essay introduction

Economics Extended Essay Examples

In an economics extended essay, students have the opportunity to delve into a specific economic topic of interest. They are required to conduct an in-depth analysis of this topic and compile a lengthy essay. 

Here are some potential economics extended essay question examples:

• How does foreign direct investment impact economic growth in developing countries?
• What are the factors influencing consumer behavior and their effects on market demand for sustainable products?
• To what extent does government intervention in the form of minimum wage policies affect employment levels and income inequality?
• What are the economic consequences of implementing a carbon tax to combat climate change?
• How does globalization influence income distribution and the wage gap in developed economies?

IB Economics Extended Essay Examples 

IB Economics Extended Essay Examples

Economics Extended Essay Topic Examples

Extended Essay Research Question Examples Economics

Tips for Writing an Economics Essay

Writing an economics essay requires specific expertise and skills. So, it's important to have some tips up your sleeve to make sure your essay is of high quality:

• Start with a Clear Thesis Statement: It defines your essay's focus and argument. This statement should be concise, to the point, and present the crux of your essay.
• Conduct Research and Gather Data: Collect facts and figures from reliable sources such as academic journals, government reports, and reputable news outlets. Use this data to support your arguments and analysis and compile a literature review.
• Use Economic Theories and Models: These help you to support your arguments and provide a framework for your analysis. Make sure to clearly explain these theories and models so that the reader can follow your reasoning.
• Analyze the Micro and Macro Aspects: Consider all angles of the topic. This means examining how the issue affects individuals, businesses, and the economy as a whole.
• Use Real-World Examples: Practical examples and case studies help to illustrate your points. This can make your arguments more relatable and understandable.
• Consider the Policy Implications: Take into account the impacts of your analysis. What are the potential solutions to the problem you're examining? How might different policies affect the outcomes you're discussing?
• Use Graphs and Charts: These help to illustrate your data and analysis. These visual aids can help make your arguments more compelling and easier to understand.
• Proofread and Edit: Make sure to proofread your essay carefully for grammar and spelling errors. In economics, precision and accuracy are essential, so errors can undermine the credibility of your analysis.

These tips can help make your essay writing journey a breeze. Tailor them to your topic to make sure you end with a well-researched and accurate economics essay.

To wrap it up , writing an economics essay requires a combination of solid research, analytical thinking, and effective communication. 

You can craft a compelling piece of work by taking our examples as a guide and following the tips.

However, if you are still questioning "how do I write an economics essay?", it's time to get professional help from the best essay writing service -  CollegeEssay.org.

Our economics essay writing service is always ready to help students like you. Our experienced economics essay writers are dedicated to delivering high-quality, custom-written essays that are 100% plagiarism free.

Also try out our AI essay writer and get your quality economics essay now!

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How to Write a Good Economics Essay

Last Updated: March 7, 2023 References

This article was co-authored by Emily Listmann, MA . Emily Listmann is a Private Tutor and Life Coach in Santa Cruz, California. In 2018, she founded Mindful & Well, a natural healing and wellness coaching service. She has worked as a Social Studies Teacher, Curriculum Coordinator, and an SAT Prep Teacher. She received her MA in Education from the Stanford Graduate School of Education in 2014. Emily also received her Wellness Coach Certificate from Cornell University and completed the Mindfulness Training by Mindful Schools. This article has been viewed 128,540 times.

A good economics essay requires a clear argument that is well-supported by appropriately referenced evidence. Research your topic thoroughly and then carefully plan out your essay. A good structure is essential, as is sticking closely to the main essay question. Be sure to proofread your essay and try to write in formal and precise prose.

Preparing to Write Your Essay

• For example a question such as “Discuss the macroeconomic consequences of rising house prices, alongside falling interest rates” could be divided into 2 parts: 1 part could be on the effects of rising prices, and 1 on the effects of falling interest rates.
• In this example you could begin by discussing each separately and then bringing the 2 together and analysing how they influence each other.
• Be sure to keep the question at the forefront of your mind and don’t veer off topic. [1] X Research source

• Be sure that you understand all the key terms that you are being asked about.
• Try to keep your reading focussed closely to the essay question.
• Don’t forget to look at any lecture or class notes you have made.
• 3 Come up with a thesis statement . A thesis statement is the main argument you will make in your essay. It should be 1-2 sentences long and respond to the essential question that’s being asked. The thesis will help you structure the body of your essay, and each point you make should relate back to the thesis.

• Once you have put together a list of key points, then try to add in some more detail that brings in elements from your research.
• When you come to write out your essay, you can develop a paragraph based on each point.

• All of the evidence and explanation will be in the main body of the essay.
• Order the key points in the body of your essay in such a way that they flow logically.
• If you are writing a longer essay, you can break the main body into different sections. [2] X Research source
• If you have a word limit, be sure to take this into account when you are planning.
• Allocate yourself a rough number of words per section.
• The introduction and conclusion can be just a paragraph each.

Writing the Essay

• What your essay is about.
• What material you will cover in the essay.
• What your argument is. [3] X Research source

• Having this stated clearly at the start can help you to stay focussed on the question as you work your way through the essay.
• Try writing out this one or two sentence statement and sticking it up in front of you as you write, so it’s stays at the forefront of your mind.

• Try to begin each paragraph with a sentence that outlines what the paragraph will cover.
• Look at the opening sentence of each paragraph and ask yourself if it is addressing the essay question. [5] X Research source

• Try to engage with arguments that run counter to yours, and use the evidence you have found to show the flaws.
• It might help to imagine someone reading the essay, and anticipating the objections that he might raise.
• Showing that you have thought about potential problems, and you can make an argument that overcomes them, is a hallmark of an excellent essay. [6] X Research source
• If there is conflicting evidence, discuss it openly and try to show where the weight of the evidence lies. [7] X Research source
• Don’t just ignore the evidence that runs counter to your argument.

• In the conclusion you can add a few sentences that show how your essay could be developed and taken further.
• Here you can assert why the question is important and make some tentative suggestions for further analysis.

Proofreading and Making Revisions

• As you read through it, think about how closely you stick to main overarching question.
• If you notice paragraphs that drift off into other areas, you need to be tough and cut them out.
• You have a limited number of words so it’s essential to make every one count by keeping tightly focussed on the main question.

• Think about how you use the evidence too. Do you critically engage with it, or do you merely quote it to support your point?
• A good analytical essay such discuss evidence critically at all times.
• Even if the evidence supports your argument, you need to show that you have thought about the value of this particular piece of data.
• Try to avoid making any assumptions, or writing as if something were beyond dispute. [10] X Research source

• Remember an academic essay should be written in a formal style, so avoid colloquialisms.
• Avoid contractions, such as “don’t”, or “won’t”.
• Try to avoid paragraphs that are more than ten or fifteen lines long.
• Think about how it looks on the page. [12] X Research source

• Always include a bibliography, but don’t include references to things you haven’t read or didn’t inform your argument. [13] X Research source
• Your teacher will know if you just add a load of titles into your bibliography that are not evidenced in the body of your essay.
• Always follow the bibliography format used by your department or class.

Community Q&A

You Might Also Like

• ↑ http://www.economicshelp.org/help/tips-economic-essays/
• ↑ http://www.writing.utoronto.ca/advice/planning-and-organizing/organizing
• ↑ http://carleton.ca/economics/courses/writing-preliminaries/academic-essay-writing/
• ↑ https://www.economicsnetwork.ac.uk/archive/lse_writing/page_11.htm
• ↑ http://homes.chass.utoronto.ca/~mcmillan/writing.pdf
• ↑ https://www.royalholloway.ac.uk/economics/documents/pdf/essaywriting-departmentofeconomics.pdf

About This Article

Before you begin writing your economics essay, make sure to carefully read the prompt so that you have a clear sense of the paper's purpose and scope. Once you have read the prompt, conduct research using your textbook and relevant articles. If you cannot find research materials, ask your instructor for recommendations. After your research is done, construct a 1-2 sentence thesis statement and begin outlining your main ideas so that your essay will have a clear structure. Make sure to leave time to write a draft and revise your work before it is due. If you want to learn more, like how to cite the sources you used for your essay, keep reading the article! Did this summary help you? Yes No

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Exploring factors hindering the implementation of youth development package in addressing youth unemployment:) CHAPTER ONE 1. Introduction 1.1. Background of the study The reason for investing in young people is clear. Today, 1.2 billion adolescents stand at the challenging crossroads between childhood and the adult world (UNICEF, 2011). Youths represent 25 per cent of the working age population and account for 47 per cent (88 million) of the world’s unemployed people. An estimated 515 million young people, nearly 45 per […]

Unemployment Analysis

The U.S. Government considers a person unemployed if they are at least 16 years of age, willing and able to work, and who are actively seeking employment, but have not found a job. To be considered unemployed, someone does not have to lose a job. The unemployment rate also includes people who are returning to work, for instance, a stay at home parent returning to work. A person entering the job market for the first time, like a recently graduated […]

What are Taxes?

What are taxes, and why do people have to pay? Taxes are financial charges from our government in order to pay for our public needs, and in 2016 the government collected 3.9 trillion dollars in taxes to spend. There are many different types of taxes like income tax, federal income tax, sales tax, property tax, estate tax, and more. Twenty percent of households pay around seventy percent, and the top one percent has to pay a quarter of taxes. The […]

View of Students about Unemployment

This study considers the effectiveness of public and private sector SME-development programs and the current development of SMEs in AJK. The study presents several major findings and includes a brief review of international literature. To examine the status of small and medium-sized enterprises and their developmental strategies, a questionnaire survey was conducted among owners and top managers. A Chi-square test was used to analyze the information. The results reveal that SMEs face numerous challenges, including burdensome business rules and regulations, […]

How does the Unemployment Rate Effect the Economy?

The rate of unemployment is more than a percentage of unemployed people, it is used as key a macroeconomic indicator when determining the health of an economy. The unemployment rate is found by taking the labor force and dividing it by the number of people who are currently searching for a job, also know as the number of unemployed people. The unemployment rate is composed from three types of unemployment: frictional, cyclical, and structural. This could create a potentially serious […]

Rule of Law and Political Stability in Nigeria’s Governance and Economic Policy

Institutional qualities are the major determinant of good governance within every aspiring country. Factors such as voice and accountability, regulatory control, control of corruption, government effectiveness, rule of law, and political stability come into play. This study will focus on the rule of law and political stability as proxies for good governance. Good governance of a nation pertains to the management of the public sectors of the economy in terms of accountability, efficiency, and effectiveness, along with the free flow […]

Unemployment in the Country

An adage says "an idle hand is a devil's workshop". The enormous growth of unemployment in our society today calls for alarm, and it is expedient for all nations to figure out what leads to this great dilemma. Unemployment has messed up our society because of three major factors, such as increase in population, lack of encouragement for self-employment, and change in technology. One of the major causes of unemployment is increase in population. Increase in population is an event […]

Income Inequality and Economic Growth in Pakistan

In time series data, which indicates that increasing income inequality is likely to spur higher levels of GDP, certain examples become apparent. For instance, Shahbaz (2010) employed a time series data on Pakistan for the period 1971-2005, using the ARDL bound test approach, to determine the relationship between income inequality and economic growth in Pakistan. The results show that income inequality is positively and significantly related in both long-run and short-run with economic growth in Pakistan. Gelan and Price (2003) […]

Main Issues of American Taxes

Taxes are something every American has to do in their life. It's a responsibility that every American file their taxes. A lot may not agree with the idea of taxes up, so they don't pay them. Should I pay them? Is a popular tax question and, should taxes be the same for everyone? My goal in this paper is to see both sides of the two questions and figure the reason behind them and get a further understanding of taxes. […]

Examining GDP and Unemployment

Research over the years has shown that unemployment rates and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) figures go hand in hand. This paper aims to define and discuss GDP, and its relation to economic growth. Additionally, the paper will discuss how the use of fiscal or monetary policies can effectively battle recession and aid in the growth of the economy, and how losing a battle to a recession can severely impact unemployment and the unemployment rate, along with other factors leading to […]

Unemployment in the U.S

As indicated by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the rate of unemployment in the United States has increased at an alarming rate. Approximately six million people in the United States are unemployed, according to deptofnumber.com. This has negatively affected the nation's economy. The statistics reveal the unemployment rates for various groups of people in the country. The rate of unemployment among men was at 7.0 percent, and approximately 6.4 percent among women. The increase in the rate of employment among […]

The Problems on Income Inequality

In this part, we continue to briefly summarize our empirical analyses based on the ARDL model techniques adopted. The findings of this study are summarized below. Firstly, the objectives of the study were analyzed using cointegration analysis tests and the ARDL bound test on the national level data, covering the period of 2004-2016. The first step taken in the cointegration test involved carrying out a unit root test for each variable and determining their order of integration. The results indicated […]

GDP and Unemployment

The gross domestic product (GDP) is the measure of goods and services produced in a country during a year (Boone 2016). When GDP is increasing, the economy is in expansion mode. When GDP is decreasing, the economy is in a recession. Economic growth occurs when the GDP increases over time. When economists use the term "economic growth," they are normally referring to sustained increases that occur over a substantial time period, rather than the quarterly changes often discussed in the […]

Unemployment in Society

When workers become involuntarily unemployed, there are several costs associated which they will unquestionably have to bear. These could come from the fact that there are certain firm-specific skills that an individual has, thus leading to scarce opportunities for individuals searching for jobs matching their specific skills (Lazear, 2003). Moreover, the costs could be associated with the model proposed by Harris and Holmstrom (1982), in which they stated that the workers have to be assumed to be risk averse and […]

An Issue of Tobacco Taxes

Tobacco tax increases could drive youth smoking into near-nonexistence if done correctly. Sin taxes are a series of taxes aimed at products deemed not beneficial or otherwise destructive ("Sin Taxes" par. 1). Taxes aimed at tobacco products, sometimes referred to as tobacco taxes, create numerous benefits for the country. Money generated by tobacco taxes is produced at the local, state, and federal levels (par. 2). Tobacco taxes create incentives to quit usage because of health benefits deriving from it (Campaign […]

Long-term Unemployment

Long-term unemployment is when workers are jobless for the time set by the federal government which may enable some to receive unemployment benefits. In order to receive unemployment benefits by the Bureau of Statistics, they must actively seek employment for at least 4 weeks prior to receiving unemployment benefits. Many unemployed people become disheartened about the possibility of receiving unemployment benefits that they just lose hope. Everyone may not be recognized in this area to show the true numbers of […]

Unemployment in Zimbabwe

Unemployment rate is equivalent to the economically active group of people that is unemployed and more so looking for jobs. During the precolonial era, Zimbabwe had one of the strongest economies in Africa and at one point dubbed the "Bread basket of Africa". The British colonized Zimbabwe and therefore in the process; managed to bring investors into the country that was rich in minerals such as gold, platinum and silver. Health sectors, education and agriculture were by far the best […]

Workforce Performance

Background The work will cover the company MyEmploysure. Its main aim is to help Australian businesses establish the workplace structures that will be compliant to the needs of the employees. Furthermore, it helps other businesses grow in what they do by managing their human resources. The service provided involves getting to know all of the legislation that has become available in the country and provide the best service in terms of differing needs of the employees. The main aim of […]

Discussion of Government and Unemployment Insurance

Discussion 1 a). Medicare is a program by the federal government in US, which offers health cover to its citizens. The package is extended to cover old people who have 65 years and above as well as young individuals who have disabilities. The health cover plays a major role in providing financial plus health security paying many medical health services to persons it covers (Edwards, 2014). Major characteristics of this program include; many people using the program have medical problems […]

Production Planning Processes

Founded in 1944, Burgmaster took a stable market position in the machine tool industry. Its stability was propagated by its turret-head drill, which was based by Fredrick Burg. Its capacity and ability to reduce production costs made the Burgmaster drill a favorite tool in the then budding aerospace industry. With the early market, dominance came bigger plans. The Burg family publicized the company in 1961 by issuing stock on over-the-counter market (Misa & Thomas 174). Five years down the line, […]

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How to Write Essay About Economics

Economics and finance are closely related fields of study within the STEM subjects in college, often presenting a significant challenge to many students due to their complex theories and intricate mathematical models. The similarity in their foundational concepts can sometimes lead to confusion and difficulty in grasping the distinct nuances of each discipline. However, students facing these struggles have a reliable ally in Papersowl, an academic support platform that specializes in providing expert finance assignment assistance , economics homework help and other STEM subjects.

Crafting an essay on economics requires a clear understanding of economic theories, principles, and their real-world applications. Here's a comprehensive guide to help you write a well-structured and insightful economics essay:

Understanding the Essay Topic

Begin by thoroughly understanding the specific aspect of economics you're discussing. Economics covers a wide range of topics, from microeconomic concepts like supply and demand to macroeconomic issues like inflation or international trade. Determine the nature of the essay – is it analytical, argumentative, or descriptive? This will shape your approach and style of writing.

Conducting Comprehensive Research

Research is key to a successful economics essay. Utilize credible sources, including academic journals, economic textbooks, and reputable online resources. Focus on gathering data, statistics, case studies, and expert opinions that are relevant to your topic. Understanding both historical contexts and current economic trends can provide a comprehensive perspective on the subject.

Developing a Thesis Statement

Your thesis statement should clearly articulate the main argument or perspective of your essay. In economics, this might be a stance on a particular economic policy, an analysis of an economic trend, or an argument about a specific economic theory. Ensure your thesis is concise, direct, and lays the groundwork for your argument.

Planning the Essay Structure

Organize your essay in a clear, logical manner. Start with an introduction that sets the context and outlines your thesis statement. In the body, divide your main points into paragraphs, each focusing on a specific aspect of your argument. Use examples, data, and economic theories to support your points. Conclude by summarizing your main arguments and restating your thesis in light of the evidence you've presented.

Writing the Essay

Use clear and precise language in your writing. Economic concepts can be complex, so it's important to explain them clearly and avoid unnecessary jargon. Present your arguments logically, supporting them with data and examples. Be analytical and critical, especially when discussing economic models and theories.

Incorporating Data and Analysis

Economics essays often rely on data and statistical analysis. Ensure that any data used is relevant, up to date, and accurately interpreted. Graphs and charts can be effective in illustrating economic trends and relationships. Analyze the data to demonstrate how it supports your argument or provides insights into the economic issue you're discussing.

Citing Your Sources

Proper citation is essential in academic writing. Use an appropriate citation style (such as APA, MLA, or Chicago) and consistently cite all your sources, including data, theories, and quotations.

Editing and Proofreading

Review your essay for clarity, coherence, and logical flow of ideas. Check for accuracy in your economic arguments and ensure that your analysis is thorough. Proofread for grammar, spelling, and formatting issues. It can be beneficial to have someone else read your essay for feedback, especially if they have knowledge in economics.

Writing an essay on economics involves balancing in-depth understanding of economic theories and real-world examples, critical analysis, and effective communication. By carefully researching your topic, structuring your essay logically, and presenting your arguments with clarity and precision, you can create a compelling and informative economics essay that demonstrates your grasp of this dynamic field.

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Macro Economic Essays

These are a collection of essays written for my economic blogs.

Exchange Rate Essays

• Effects of a falling Dollar
• Why Dollar keeps falling
• Discuss Policies to Stop the Dollar Falling
• Does Devaluation Cause Inflation?
• Benefits and Costs of Falling Dollar
• Reasons for Falling Dollar
• The Dollar as the World’s Reserve Currency

Economic Growth Essays

• Evaluate Benefits of Economic Growth
• Essays on Recessions
• Causes of Recessions
• Problems of Recovering from a Recession
• What can Increase Long-Run Economic Growth?
• Discuss Effect of a fall in the Savings Ratio

Inflation Essays

• Discuss the Difficulties of Controlling Inflation
• Should the aim of the Government be to Attain Low Inflation?
• Explain What Can Cause a Sustained Increase in the Rate of Inflation
• Reasons for low inflation in the UK
• Inflation Explained
• Difficulties of Inflation targeting
• Hyperinflation

Unemployment Essays

• Explain what is meant by Natural Rate of Unemployment?
• Should the Main Macro Economic Aim of the Government be Full Employment?
• The True Level of Unemployment in the UK
• What explains low inflation and low unemployment in the UK?

Demand Side Policies

• Discuss effect of Expansionary demand-side policies on Balance of Payments and Environment
• Effects of a Falling Stock Market
• How do Mortgage Defaults affect and Economy?
• Discuss the effect of increased Government spending on education
• Phillips Curve – Trade-off between Inflation and Unemployment

Development Economics

• Why Growth may not benefit developing countries
• Does Aid Increase Economic Welfare?
• Problems of Free Trade for Developing Economies

Fiscal Policy

• Will US Economy benefit from Tax Cuts?
• Can Fiscal Policy solve Unemployment?
• Explain Reasons for UK Current Account Deficit
• Benefits of Globalisation for Developing and Developed Countries

Monetary Policy

• Discuss Effects of an Increase in Interest Rates
• How MPC set Interest Rates
• Benefits of High-Interest Rates (and recessions)
• Who Sets interest rates – Markets or Bank of England?

Economic History

• Economics of the 1920s
• What Caused Wall Street Crash of 1929?
• UK economy under Mrs Thatcher
• Economy of the 1970s
• Lawson Boom of the 1980s
• UK recession of 1991
• The great recession 2008-13

General Economic Essays

• The Dismal Science
• Difference Between Economists and Non Economists
• War and Recessions
• The Economics of Fear
• The Economics of Happiness
• Can UK and US avoid Recession?
• 3 Of the Worst Economic Policies
• Overvalued Housing Markets
• What Went Wrong with US Economy?
• Problem with Bailing out financial sector
• Problems of Personal Debt
• Problem of Inflation
• National Debt in the UK
• How To Survive a Recession
• Can A recession be a good thing?

Chinese Economy

• Problems of Chinese Economic Growth
• Should we worry about a strong China
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Model essays

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Home — Blog — Topic Ideas — 100 Economic Research Topics

100 Economic Research Topics

Studying economics can be quite challenging and even confusing at first, yet once you brainstorm various helpful research topics , you instantly understand the range of ideas that can be explored. You may not be majoring in economics per se and studying Sociology or Education since economics is always involved in every discipline. It makes it extremely difficult to find good economic research topics for your Master's thesis, dissertation writing, or a simple essay that you plan to use for debates. Keeping all of these challenges in mind, we have collected 100 competitive economic research topic ideas to assist you in making your scientific work perfect! 

Defining Economics Research Areas 

Economics studies can be defined as a branch of science that deals with the production, analysis, distribution, and behavioral consumption of goods and services. You can study economics that relates to individuals, corporations, businesses, governmental aspects, and the countries as the resources are being shared. Science can take different shapes and talk about social factors, technology, banking, finances, and international relations. 

There are two main research areas which are micro- and macroeconomics. Microeconomics deal with small-scale issues, while macroeconomics is mostly dealing with global challenges. You can also deal with calculations, accounting, social development, and analytical writing. You can also deal with econometrics, which is a complex economic theory that implements statistical interference to explain and quantify the economic state. 

Choosing Interesting Economic Topics For Your Economics Paper 

Although we are not dealing with creative writing and disciplines like Philosophy and English Literature, it's still necessary to choose something interesting and inspiring. The subject should motivate you to research and make a statement. First of all, you have to determine whether your problem is closer to microeconomics or takes a larger range of economic factors, thus requiring macroeconomics. This way, you should follow these 7 tips on how to choose an interesting subject: 

• Choose something that you know well based on what makes you feel inspired. 
• Research the subject that you would like to explore and see what gaps are present. 
• All economic research paper topics must be connected to the main thesis statement. 
• If your paper is explanatory or descriptive, you can make a statement in your title. 
• When you write an argumentative paper, you can ask a question in your title. 
• Always narrow things down when you are dealing with the general concepts. 
• Your topic should be clear enough, yet should not give out the results of your work. 

What a Research Paper in Economics Should Look Like? 

Your econommics paper structure should contain introduction with a thesis, three to five body paragraphs, a statistical paragraph, and the conclusion. Getting into details, your paper should represent: 

- Introduction must start with a statistical fact, an assumption or an interesting idea that acts as a hook sentence. The final sentence should be your thesis. 

- Body Paragraphs must include at least three arguments with quotes and examples. Once you provide an example, it's vital to offer analysis. 

- Analytical Bits . Since you are dealing with economics, make sure that you add statistical information or an explanation of your methodology before you come to the final part. 

- Conclusion part should either make a call to action or sum things up in simpler terms. You can also make recommendations and explain what your research paper was able to achieve. 

The Main Economics Topics for Research Paper Studies 

Since there are so many topics that can be explored in economics, our experts decided to narrow things down and outline ten important subjects that are most popular among college and university students: 

• Investments and the management of risks.  
• Digital economics and social media marketing. 
• Economic development across the world. 
• Econometrics and explanation of the cases. 
• Competition and market management. 
• Ethical aspects of consumerism in economics. 
• Digital vs human challenges in accounting. 
• Cryptocurrencies and data mining. 
• Sustainability and interdependence of corporations. 
• Microeconomics and financial risk avoidance. 

These are only the basics that are constantly encountered among college tasks. If you want to explore more, follow 100 research topics for economics as you plan to write your assignment! 

100 Economic Research Topics Divided By Subject 

- Bachelor's Topics in Economics.  

When you are writing an economics paper for your Bachelor's degree, the most important is to conduct due research and include examples. It creates a challenge because you have to provide high originality as you balance your sources and analytical information. Regardless if you are dealing with the business managerial side of economics or researching global investments with the elements of accounting, these research topics will provide you with helpful information. 

• The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in relation to housing prices in the United States. 
• The history of the foreign exchange market. 
• The Indian heritage and allocation of the economic resources in India. 
• Irrational behavior in the field of digital marketing. 
• Free market economy versus free enterprise systems. 
• Economic influence when dealing with poverty. 
• The role of education in the field of economics. 
• Criminal groups and the development of economic methods in Brazil. 
• The Ukrainian conflict and the European economy. 
• Productivity and bias in the employment selection. 

- Master's Topics in Economics. 

When you are asked to write an assignment that matches the Master's level in economics, you should start with a deeper type of research or consider subjects that are not so common. At the same time, you can choose a topic that is widely discussed, yet narrow things down a little bit. You can choose both local and international events or focus on a case study as you provide analytical information. Here are some research paper topics in economics that you may start with as you brainstorm these topics: 

• The role of personal data management when making an online payment. 
• Random events in the United States and planning short-term economic success. 
• Economic freedom through the lens of paternalism: Amazon case study. 
• Demographic factor after WWII: a forced economic growth? 
• Experimental preferences and the digital economy: shaping social preferences. 
• Cryptocurrency as the addictive practice: mining versus the classic stock market. 
• The effect of bulk consumption through the lens of the famine in Africa. 
• Economic perspectives in the regions that have been affected by the armed conflicts. 
• The pros and cons of Green Energy technology as the financial sector expands. 
• How does the inclusive workflow affect economic development in the workplace? 

- Microeconomics. 

If you require something more small-sized and related to a specific branch of economics, you should think about considering this list of topics that deal with microeconomics. When you are dealing with single methods, factors, and the effects of the individuals, you will be able to find relevant sources and examples. Here are some outstanding ideas to start with:

• The most efficient methods to help small businesses avoid debt. 
• The post-Brexit effect on the companies that are dealing with bankruptcy. 
• A comparison of the EU taxes and the American system of taxation in the economy. 
• The role of microeconomics when dealing with local economic crimes. 
• How can digital marketing help to maximize profits via seminars ? 
• How can supply and demand be made transparent for the audit? 
• The methods to track consumer equilibrium. 
• Allocation of funding in the local bakery: an economic plan. 
• Spending a government surplus: what are the legal aspects to know in the USA? 
• Starting a small business overseas: what is the Matthew inequality effect? 

- Macroeconomics . 

In simple terms, when you are asked to compose an assignment based on macroeconomic research studies, you will have to deal with the large-scale analysis of the global or basic economic ideas that take place. It can be the national interest or the economic output of an entire country. The subjects related to this field may include the gross domestic product or the employment rates in a particular country. You may check these essay topics for economics : 

• History of the monetary policy in the United States. 
• Sustainability of the economic growth in South Africa.
• The pros and cons of equitable distribution. 
• The most efficient method to address unemployment in the economy. 
• How to address the challenges of total consumption? 
• Economic system of Iceland versus Norway. 
• The role of a single household in the general economic system. 
• The controversies related to inflation studies in financial department . 
• Geopolitical events and the challenges of the national economic systems. 
• The reasons why outsourcing ruins the national economy. 

- Financial Economics. 

It deals with the resources that are related to markets and financial calculations. It means that you are dealing with various economic theories as you address the risks, costs, opportunities, and temporal challenges. The most challenging is that you have to deal with a correct distribution of available resources . Since it is a very complex branch of economics, you should consider brainstorming various ideas: 

• The dangers of AI-based calculation and strategic planning for large corporations. 
• Investment risks related to individual stock systems. 
• Creation of a financial portfolio in the digital realm: the changes in 2022. 
• Public finances law versus private investment stocks. 
• Present value through the lens of Pharmacology and epidemics. 
• Risk management diversification when econometrics is used. 
• Monetary issues and the current Swiss system: what are the pros and cons? 
• Online banking and the accessibility factor: how far can safety go? 
• Digital accounting and the job on-site training challenges. 
• Approaching large markets through micro private foundations. 

- Economic Discussions. 

The majority of college and university students majoring in Economics have to go through various debates where they must provide arguments or argue regarding the best methods to approach a particular problem. This can easily get challenging, which is why you should either come up with a general idea or make a statement that will be hard enough to challenge as there will be several opinions. See these economic essay topics for your ECON degree to get a better idea: 

• The controversy of the federal fiscal policy in the United States.  
• The economic damage that is caused by data mining and cryptocurrencies. 
• Green Economics is the only future approach to addressing poor countries. 
• Immigration helps to achieve better equality in our economic equilibrium.
• The reasons that cause an imbalance between demand and supply. 
• How can a small business protect production costs through competition? 
• The pros and cons of the consumer demand strategy in practice. 
• Apple and Amazon corporations: are these monopolies? 
• Digital media is helpful for economics: branding and influence. 
• Marginal analysis of college budgeting when using several plans. 

- Development Economics . 

Development economics is one of how branches where you study the ways how emerging nations achieve certain financial stability via strategic management and cooperation. Economists study this field of science when dealing with poor countries, yet it's also encountered when one has to create both domestic and international policies. As you develop economic policies for your research, you should define whether you are dealing with the micro or macro environment. Here are some ideas to consider: 

• The methods how outsourcing methods can help improve economic productivity. 
• The bond between higher literacy rates in rural areas and economic growth .
• Traditional economies versus command economies strategies. 
• The use of natural resources in Iceland as a major factor in economic development. 
• The most efficient ways to achieve better physical capital outcomes. 
• Mixed markets distribution n Asia: why do some brands become more famous? 
• The role of entrepreneurship for economic growth. 
• The real estate investments and the strategy of bulk economy purchases. 
• Short-term and long-term goals when dealing with economic development. 
• The importance of industry diversification during times of globalization. 

- Social Economics. 

In simple terms, when you are dealing with social economics, you are researching the social aspect of economics where the main focus is a set of social methods, behavior strategies, and calculations. The practical examples are stability in employment, strong business networks among small to medium companies, social security, good schools, and the aspects like medical care and the daily sides of life. As you research the social aspect of economics, consider these economics topics for essays : 

• Occupational factors for economic growth between the United States and the UK. 
• Environmental care campaigns and the funds allocated for delivering the message. 
• Green energy and the climate change challenges required to make the industrial transition efficient. 
• Social inequality and the educational requirements. 
• The benefits of an equitable distribution of global wealth and education. 
• The minimum standards between Germany and Sweden (you can choose any other country). 
• Establishing socialist economy in the model country: an economic outline. 
• Analysis of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam through the socio-economic lens. 
• The core principles of the moral side of economics. 
• Corporative protection of private information and personal data when making investments. 

- Technology and Economics Ideas. 

Technology is a part of modern economics that always comes along and becomes an integral factor for the successful integration of digital strategies, online banking, and, most importantly, cryptocurrencies and data mining. If you are dealing with the Data Sciences discipline or require assistance with the SMM or digital economics in the modern era, you must take your time to explore the topic ideas below as you seek an innovation : 

• An ethical side of data mining practices for private economic growth.  
• Technological differences between microeconomics analysis and global statistics. 
• Economic analysis of the vaccination campaigns (Covid-19 analysis case). 
• The pros and cons of online banking for the elderly population. 
• AI-based tools as a method of the safer management of funds. 
• Simplification of accounting with the help of digital solutions. 
• Advertising as a way to achieve rapid economic growth. 
• The controversy of digital bankruptcy. 
• Transnational corporations and the ethical standards of intellectual property sharing. 
• Cryptocurrency markets and the closed-circle environments. 

Ph.D. Economic Topics to Write About

When you are planning to compose a dissertation and need excellent Ph.D. topics in economics, it is possible to approach the subjects that are widely discussed in the media or narrow your studies down to something specific. Generally, it's not recommended to use a single case study to research the Ph.D.-level topics. You may include a challenging problem and provide a synthesis with several solutions based on literature reviews. You can check these ideas and identify the scientific areas that you can work on as you become enrolled in a Master’s program. Use them as the starting points as you explore these ideas for a presentation or research writing: 

• Development economics in Congo: why is the wealth not becoming an efficient solution? 
• The challenges of the foreign direct investment strategy during the post-Brexit period in the UK. 
• Trade policies in the Asian markets: analysis of the free markets and the public reports. 
• Why is China remaining one of the most powerful economies while following a socialistic model? 
• Analysis of the perfect competition in the online markets: the role of influencers. 
• Social media as the new method of demand and supply: learning the restrictions. 
• The role of education in economic growth: why education is not always helpful? 
• Unemployment in the European Union: the pros and cons of forced immigration. 
• Marine trade barriers and finding advantages as the exchange rates are involved. 
• Linguistic factors and the words lost in translation when dealing with economic global reports. 

When You Require Assistance

When you are feeling lost and need assistance with a subject that relates to economics in this way or another, you should not seek elsewhere as we have good subject ideas for college and university students. Even when you need competitive ideas for your undergraduates debate class or would like to focus on the social side of economics, you can easily find an essay on the topic on our website . Brainstorm the topics, play with the wording, and never hesitate to ask for help if something is unclear. Remember that your main thesis statement should be connected to your title, so make your choice wisely and take your time!

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Economic Topics: Ideas and Questions That You Can Discuss

Students studying economics can write papers on many subjects, including monetary policies of the state, taxation, free trade, inflation, or consumption of goods.

This article will provide examples of interesting economic topics and you can surely choose one of them.

Understanding Trade and International Finance

There are a great number of questions and ideas that are related to international trade and finance. You can certainly use one of the following economic essay topics:

• Current criticism of free trade. What are the possible limitations of this policy?
• The law of comparative advantage as it was explained by David Ricardo.
• What is purchasing power parity? What are the drawbacks of this model?
• The methods of assessing currency risk.
• What are the major premises of the New Trade Theory?
• How can the Nash equilibrium be applied to international trade agreements?
• What is the policy of protectionism? In what circumstances can it be necessary?
• The Mundell-Fleming model and its applications
• Outsourcing and its effects on domestic economy

The Functioning of Markets

People needing good economics topics can discuss how internal markets function. There are a lot of interesting and thought-provoking questions that one can pick for the paper:

• What are the mechanisms of inflation? How can the rates of inflation be estimated?
• What is the paradox of thrift? How can it be applied to the current economic recession?
• Information asymmetry as a cause of the global financial crisis.
• The characteristics and examples of perfect competition.
• What are the main attributes of a natural monopoly?
• The economic effects of anti-trust legislation.
• How can the model of supply and demand be applied to the labor market?
• What are the factors that determine the amount of compensation paid to employees?
• What is the difference between mean and median salary?

Individual Decisions and Their Importance

Economic decisions cannot be separated from individual opinions and biases. The psychological aspects of economic behavior have been examined by many researchers. If you are looking for good economic topics, here are some suggestions for you:

• How does loss-aversion affects economic decisions of people?
• Discuss the efficient-market hypothesis. What are the pros and cons of this model?
• What are the main premises of the prospect theory? Discuss its applications
• Herd behavior in economics. Provide examples of such behavior
• What are heuristic biases? Give examples of economic decisions affected by these biases
• Discuss the so-called Gambler’s Fallacy. What are its implications for financial consultants and investors

Overall, each of the above questions can be used as a great economic topic. You will be able to find plenty of interesting sources, and you will surely enjoy writing about these topics.

IB Extended Essay Topics: Economics

As someone with a background in the International Baccalaureate (IB) program, I’ve come to appreciate the unique challenges and opportunities it presents, especially regarding the IB DP Economics Extended Essay (EE). From my extensive experience, I can say that choosing the right topic is an essential step in achieving a high score. That’s why I’m happy to share some ideas on engaging and researchable IB Economics Extended Essay topics.

The Basics of an Economics Extended Essay

Let’s talk about what an Economics EE involves. According to the general IB criteria, this essay requires you to conduct independent research on a topic of interest in Economics, culminating in a 4,000-word paper. From my perspective, the beauty of IB DP Economics EE lies in its ability to explore complex global issues through the lens of economic theory and principles.

In my experience, the most successful economics EEs are born from a genuine passion for the subject matter. Here’s a non-exhaustive list of considerations that might help to choose a topic:

• Aim for a topic that reflects ongoing discussions within the field of economics. It could range from the impact of blockchain technology on financial markets to the economic consequences of climate change policies.
• Ensure sufficient data is available to support your research. Topics with accessible and reliable data sources allow for a more in-depth analysis and a stronger argument.
• Choose a topic that allows you to apply economic theories and concepts. It may involve analyzing market structures, evaluating economic policies, or exploring consumer behavior factors.
• Your topic should spark curiosity and engagement. Writing about something you’re genuinely interested in can make the research process more enjoyable and fulfilling.
• Consider the feasibility of your topic within the given word count and time constraints. Find a topic broad enough to explore in depth but narrow enough to be thoroughly analyzed within 4,000 words.

A high-grade economics EE doesn’t just summarize data or describe an economic situation. It critically engages with economic theories and models to analyze that data. It might involve applying the concepts of supply and demand, elasticity, market structures, or the theories of consumer choice to your chosen topic.

Topics to Read:

• How IB Prepares Students for University?
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• Stress Management and Well-Being for IB Students
• How to Manage Time Effectively as an IB Student
• The Benefits of Pursuing the IB Diploma Programme
• IB vs. National Curriculum. The Benefits of an International Perspective
• What Are the Average IB Acceptance Rates? Insights from an IB Expert
• What Are the IB Internal Assessment Deadlines for 2024?
• Does an IB Diploma Help with College Admissions?
• How to Make Awesome IB Notes?
• How to Get Into the IB Program? IB Preparation
• What to Wear for IB Exams? IB Dress Code

Extended Essay Topics in Economics: The Best Ideas

As mentioned above, creating an engaging and rigorous IB Extended Essay in Economics starts with choosing a theme for investigation. Below are some topics and research questions spanning various aspects of economics.

These ideas can inspire and guide IB students in their quest for a fascinating research project:

• The Impact of COVID-19 on Small Businesses in New York City . How have small businesses in New York City adapted to the economic challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic?
• Cryptocurrencies and the Global Economy . How do Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies influence global trade and financial markets?
• Sustainable Agriculture and Economic Development in India . Can sustainable agriculture significantly contribute to economic development in India?
• The Economics of Renewable Energy in Germany . How cost-effective are renewable energy sources compared to traditional fossil fuels in Germany?
• Globalization and Local Economies in Mexico . What is the impact of globalization on Mexico’s manufacturing sector?
• Minimum Wage and Employment Rates in the UK Retail Industry . How does introducing a minimum wage affect employment rates in the UK retail industry?
• Economic Implications of Climate Change Policies in the European Union . How have climate change policies impacted economic growth in the European Union?
• Consumer Behavior and E-commerce in China . How has the proliferation of online shopping platforms like Alibaba changed consumer behavior in China?
• Market Structure and Competition in the Telecommunications Industry of South Korea . How does the market structure affect consumer prices and service quality in South Korea’s telecommunications industry?
• Income Inequality and Economic Growth in Brazil . Does income inequality hinder economic growth in Brazil?
• The Economics of Education and Its Impact on Economic Growth in Finland . How does the level of education affect economic growth in Finland?
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Economic Development in Vietnam . What role does FDI play in Vietnam’s economic development?
• Tourism Economics and Economic Development in Thailand . How does tourism contribute to the economic development of Thailand?
• Economic Impact of Health Crises on the Healthcare Sector in Italy. What are the long-term economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on Italy’s healthcare sector?
• Technology Startups and Economic Growth in Silicon Valley, USA . How do technology startups contribute to economic growth in Silicon Valley?
• Trade Policies and Agricultural Exports in Kenya . How do trade policies affect agricultural exports in Kenya?
• Inflation and Consumer Purchasing Power in Argentina . How does inflation affect consumer purchasing power in Argentina?
• The Gig Economy and Labor Markets in the United States . How does the gig economy impact traditional labor markets in the United States?
• Public Debt and Economic Stability in Greece . How does high public debt affect economic stability in Greece?
• Economic Sanctions and Their Effectiveness Against Iran . How effective are economic sanctions in achieving political objectives against Iran?
• Gender Inequality in the Workforce and Economic Development in Japan . What impact does gender inequality have on economic development in Japan?
• Economics of Recycling and Waste Management Policies in Sweden . How does the economics of recycling impact waste management policies in Sweden?
• Housing Markets and Economic Cycles in Canada . How do housing markets affect economic cycles in Canada?
• Impact of Social Media on Consumer Spending Among Teenagers in the United States . How does social media influence consumer spending habits among teenagers?
• The Role of Microfinance in Poverty Reduction in Bangladesh . How effective is microfinance in reducing poverty in Bangladesh?
• The Economic Effects of Urbanization in Lagos, Nigeria . How does rapid urbanization affect economic development and living standards in Lagos?
• Brexit and the UK’s Financial Services Sector . What has been Brexit’s impact on London as a global financial hub?
• The Economics of Plastic Ban Policies in Rwanda . How have plastic ban policies impacted the environment and economy in Rwanda?
• The Role of Women Entrepreneurs in Economic Development in Jordan . How do women entrepreneurs contribute to economic growth and job creation in Jordan?
• Impact of Digital Currency on Traditional Banking in Sweden . How is the rise of digital currency affecting traditional banking services in Sweden?
• Agricultural Subsidies and Food Security in India . How do agricultural subsidies impact food security and farmer welfare in India?
• Economic Impact of Cultural Tourism in Kyoto, Japan . What role does cultural tourism play in Kyoto’s economy?
• Child Labor and Economic Growth in Pakistan . How does child labor affect economic growth and development in Pakistan?
• The Effectiveness of Anti-Smoking Policies on Public Health Expenditures in Australia . Have anti-smoking policies significantly reduced public health expenditures in Australia?
• The Gig Economy and Urban Transportation in New York City . How has the gig economy transformed urban transportation in New York City?
• Renewable Energy Adoption and Job Creation in Germany . How has the shift towards renewable energy affected job creation in Germany?
• The Economic Consequences of Ageing Populations in Japan . What are the economic challenges and opportunities faced by an aging population in Japan?
• The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Manufacturing Jobs in China . How is artificial intelligence reshaping the manufacturing sector and employment in China?
• The Influence of Social Media Marketing on Consumer Spending in the Fashion Industry . How does social media marketing influence consumer spending in the fashion industry?
• Water Scarcity and Economic Development in Egypt . How does water scarcity impact agricultural productivity and economic development in Egypt?
• The Economics of Space Exploration . What are the economic benefits and costs of investing in space exploration?
• Impact of Sports Events on Local Economies . Case Study of the Olympics in Tokyo: How do major sports events like the Olympics affect the local economy of the host city?
• Sustainable Fishing Practices and Economic Viability in Norway . How do sustainable fishing practices impact the economy and environment in Norway?
• The Role of E-commerce in Rural Development in China . How does e-commerce contribute to economic development in rural areas of China?
• Economic Impacts of Natural Disasters in the Philippines . How do natural disasters affect economic growth and recovery in the Philippines?
• The Relationship Between Social Inequality and Economic Growth in South Africa . How does social inequality affect economic growth in South Africa?
• The Effect of International Sanctions on North Korea’s Economy . How have international sanctions impacted North Korea’s economy?
• Economic Benefits of Bilingualism in Canada . How does bilingualism contribute to economic opportunities in Canada?
• The Impact of Veganism on the Meat Industry in the United States . How is the rise of veganism affecting the meat industry and economy in the United States?
• Mobile Banking and Financial Inclusion in Kenya . How has mobile banking contributed to financial inclusion and economic development in Kenya?

These topics and research questions are intended to promote critical thinking and lay the groundwork for a thorough inquiry into various economic concerns. You can tailor these ideas to your interests and data availability for Extended Essay research.

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You can write an informative and compelling Extended Essay by choosing a topic that aligns with your interests and adhering to the IB’s criteria. Remember, this is an opportunity to research an area of Economics that fascinates you. So approach it enthusiastically, and you’ll get the highest grade. Also, if you need help with Extended Essay writing , just contact our IB writers.

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Economics Extended Essay Guide: Everything You Need to Learn

by  Antony W

April 18, 2024

This guide covers everything you need to learn before you write an IB Economics Extended Essay.

We look at the definition, structure, assessment criteria, topic selection, data collection, analysis and evaluation, and reflection.

What is an IB Economics Extended Essay?

An Economics Extended Essay is a 4,000-word autonomous, self-directed report based on a topic of personal interest. This project allows you to:

• Improve your research skills.
• Apply economic theories to a real-world issue.
• Analyze and evaluate the outcomes of your study.

The essay requires 40 hours of preparation and writing. Moreover, you’ll get help from your school-based supervisor throughout this period. The result should be a clear and well-organized analytical essay.

To write a comprehensive Economics EE, you must dedicate time to conduct in-depth research to collect meaningful and reliable data you can use to analyze the context of your theory and research issue.

IB Economics Extended Essay Structure

Your Economics EE should feature a title page, table of contents, introduction, methodology, main body, conclusion, bibliography, and appendices.

• Title Page: Write the title of the essay, the EE research question , subject, and word count.
• Table of Contents: Make sure each section mentioned in your table of contents has corresponding page numbers.
• Introduction: Explain the focus of the essay, the scope of the research, and your line of argument.
• Main Body: Write reasoned arguments for the issue under investigation. Use subheadings for methodology, analysis, discussion, and evaluation.
• Conclusion: Communicate what you’ve achieved. Mention the limitation of your research and note what your research question couldn’t answer.
• Bibliography:   Cite all the EE sources to demonstrate that you engaged in in-depth research and that you care about academic integrity.

IB Economics Extended Essay Assessment Criteria

The assessment criteria for an extended essay in economics examine focus and method, knowledge and understanding, critical thinking, presentation, and engagement. The following table is a complete summary of the marking scheme.

Economics Extended Essay Topic Selection

The best economics EE topic is the one that you find interesting enough to explore, as long as the focus remains on the fundamentals of economic concepts.

We strongly suggest you choose a topic that allows you to apply economic theories, methods and instruments present in the curriculum. Remember, the assignment requires you to conduct secondary research. However, you may also conduct pertinent original research depending on the topic you choose.

Your topic should:

• Be historical. However, your focus should be on a research issue that’s no more than five years old.
• Allow you to use economic theories and concepts to answer your research question.
• Provide opportunities for critical analysis of the information and data collected.
• Allow enough room for analysis while sticking to the scope of the essay. 

Don’t choose a broad topic because the essay needs critical and reflective thinking and analysis on something specific. And don’t pick an excessively narrow theme because you may not have access to specific data.

So choose your topic wisely, making sure that it isn’t too wide or too narrow to fit within the scope of the EE’s requirements.

Data Collection in Economics Extended Essay

You have to conduct original research on topics covered in the economics curriculum. Therefore, spend just enough time establishing value for your topic in microeconomics, macroeconomics or the global economy.

Doing original research goes a long way to show that the title and the research question is an issue unanswered by secondary sources.

If you’ve decided to write an EE on microeconomics, you may have to use primary research in the form of surveys, questionnaires, or interviews with pertinent businesspeople direct to the study subject.

Themes from macroeconomics and the global economy require more secondary research in the form of data extraction from published academic papers, historical records, government publications, newspaper/online articles, and statistical databases.

Analysis and Evaluation in Economics EE

The analysis of your economics extended essay can only be effective if you use pertinent economic theories to analyze data collected.

You have to incorporate applicable economic theories, models, and methods in your research’s findings.

For example, you can exhibit critical analysis and evaluation by a sound assessment and judgment of the amount to which the applicable economic theory is beneficial in addressing your research question .

If you cannot establish relevant connections between your selected topic and the research question, avoid establishing knowledge claims based on economic theories, models, and instruments.

Criterion C of the assessment instrument requires you to provide precise findings for each analyzed point, and there has to be interim conclusions throughout your writing.

Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the limitations of your own research, flaws in the economic theories, and underlying assumptions of the models utilized when developing your arguments. Also, evaluate the extent to which an economic theory may or may not describe your topic.

IB Economics EE Reflection Session 

Being reflective is one of the IB learner profile characteristics, and it is now a formal requirement of the EE evaluation criteria.

IB uses the Reflections on Planning and Progress Form (RPPF), which has a 6-point value, to evaluate reflections. This is a substantial amount of points, which can determine the distinction between two grades on the final examination.  

As part of the EE requirements, you will be required to hold three mandatory reflection sessions with your supervisor, and each of these reflection sessions appear on the official RPPF.

Reflection in the EE focuses on the process of the assignment itself.

Consider the following areas of reflection for each portion of the RPPF:

• How did you overcome the problems, setbacks, and barriers you encountered, and what did you learn in the process?
• Which of the IB learner profile characteristics apply to you?
• What did you learn, and did new views emerge?  

The maximum word count for all three reflections is 500. You must write the reflection in your own word and pertain only to your personal learning journey throughout the course.

About the author 

Antony W is a professional writer and coach at Help for Assessment. He spends countless hours every day researching and writing great content filled with expert advice on how to write engaging essays, research papers, and assignments.

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Guest Essay

The Enormous Risks a Second Trump Term Poses to Our Economy

By Robert E. Rubin and Kenneth I. Chenault

Mr. Rubin is a senior counselor to Centerview Partners and was the U.S. Treasury secretary from 1995 to 1999. Mr. Chenault is the chairman and managing director of General Catalyst and a former chairman and chief executive of American Express.

Not long ago, one of us was having lunch with someone who manages a multibillion-dollar fund when the subject turned to the prospect of a second Trump term.

This person was disturbed by many of Donald Trump’s actions and concerned about what the November presidential election could mean. But when it came to one issue — the economy — he was untroubled. “We didn’t do so badly last time,” he said. “There are some things I don’t agree with, but I don’t think it will matter that much.”

We fear this is an increasingly common view. We’ve spoken to many leaders in business and finance who, when it comes to economic policy, are open to the premise that Mr. Trump is a normal presidential candidate.

We strongly disagree. The two of us have been involved in business, government and policy for many years, with more than a century of experience between us. We’ve worked with elected officials and business leaders across the ideological spectrum. And we believe a straightforward assessment of Mr. Trump’s economic policy agenda — based on his public statements and on-the-record interviews, such as the one he recently conducted with Time magazine — leads to a clear conclusion.

When it comes to economic policy, Mr. Trump is not a remotely normal candidate. A second Trump term would pose enormous risks to our economy.

At a time when our country was already on an increasingly risky debt trajectory, Mr. Trump’s tax initiatives during his presidency added an estimated $3.9 trillion to the national debt , according to Brian Riedl of the Manhattan Institute. Mainstream analyses concluded that the result — increasing demand in an already full-employment economy while having a negligible effect on business investment — added very little benefit in the shorter term and virtually nothing in the longer term.

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Temporary worker drop may be signaling slowing economy

Temporary workers were hit with 49,000 job losses in June, more than any other industry, and a possible sign the labor market is poised to cool significantly in the months ahead.

The decline, highlighted in the June employment report released Friday, caps a stunning two-year streak of job losses in a sector that traditionally has served as a bellwether for hiring across the U.S. Last month's drop was the largest since April 2021. Temporary staffing agencies serve a variety of industries but especially manufacturing, warehousing, retail, health care, technology and administrative office work.

Since peaking at a record 3.2 million jobs in April 2022, temporary help services have lost 515,000 positions, or 16% of the total, more than any other sector. They’ve shed jobs 26 of the past 27 months and total employment of 2.7 million last month was the lowest since November 2013.

The temp agencies place the workers, often in a series of positions, but the jobs are held or lost at the companies where they work.

Why do companies hire temp employees?

Traditionally, temp workers are the first hired as the economy emerges from a slowdown and the first let go as growth sputters or the nation slips into a downturn. That’s because contingent workers can be added or fired quickly without the need to pay benefits, or severance in the event of layoffs.

The pandemic turned that dynamic on its head. In 2021 and 2022, companies brought on several hundred thousand temporary employees as the economy bounced back strongly from the health crisis and companies struggled to find permanent workers.

Yet starting in spring 2022, with the economy and job market still going strong, businesses began cutting temp workers or hiring fewer of them. Some of the pullback could be traced to recession jitters as the Federal Reserve began aggressively hiking interest rates to fight inflation , says Timothy Landhuis, vice president of research for Staffing Industry Analysts, a research firm for the staffing and workforce industry.

Are companies still laying people off?

But much of the drop was due to companies’ preference for permanent workers as they faced unprecedented labor shortages . Employers were converting temporary workers to permanent ones at a historic clip and holding on to permanent employees rather than laying them off even if they faced a drop-off in sales, Landhuis says.

Now, companies are turning even more temps into permanent staffers, officials say. Manpower North America, a top staffing firm, says its clients are converting 16% of the temps it places, up from an a typical 4% to 7%, says company Senior Vice President Rajesh Namboothiry. What’s more, they’re making those switches after the temp has been working an average three weeks or so, down from a typical three or four months, he says.

The trend underscores that many companies, still smarting from the COVID-induced labor crunch, continue to seek and retain skilled staffers for the long term, Namboothiry says. Also, as the pandemic has faded and immigration has surged, more permanent workers are available, reducing the need to hire temps, Landhuis says.

How is the US economy right now?

But increasingly, firms are also bringing on fewer contingent workers as the economy slows because of high interest rates and easing but still-elevated inflation. Demand for temps at Manpower is down about 20% this year, Namboothiry says.

"Demand is down overall," he says. Companies are “not looking to hire (temp workers) at the pace they were."

'They were costing too much'

Neema Hospitality, which owns 11 hotel franchises in the mid-Atlantic region, hired lots of temporary housekeepers from staffing agencies as the company struggled to find long-term staffers after COVID, says company President Sandeep Thakrar. But he has dramatically scaled back his use of temps.

“Over time, we were able to find more permanent employees,” he says.

Plus, he says, “They were costing too much,” adding that their wages have risen and every time some temps quit, Neema would have to spend time training a new batch.

But another reason he has pared back temp hiring is that hotel occupancy is down 1% to 3% this year. Many low- to middle-income households are coping with near-record credit card debt and rising delinquencies.  

“People are running out of money,” he says.

Has hiring slowed down?

Despite June’s 206,000 payroll gains, the private sector added just 136,000 jobs last month and the unemployment rate edged up to 4.1%, from 3.9% in May and 3.7% in January. That’s the highest since November 2021.

Monthly payroll gains are projected to slow to about 125,000 by the fourth quarter as economic growth downshifts to about 1.6% annualized from a projected 2% in the second quarter, according to the National Association of Business Economics and Wolters Kluwer Blue Chip Economic Indicators.

Early this year, many businesses expected the Fed to reduce interest rates several times in 2024 as inflation eased, juicing the economy and temp hiring, says Noah Yosif, chief economist of the American Staffing association, which represents staffing firms.

But those hopes have been tempered by inflation that picked up in the first quarter and led the Fed to proclaim it will keep rates higher for longer. Companies, in turn, are adding fewer temporary employees, Yosif says.

Why do people work as temps?

A shrinking temporary staffing workforce limits a popular option for employees who like the flexibility and variety of learning experiences offered by contingent work through staffing agencies, Landhuis says. Employees can work for several weeks or months and then take a break and often can work remotely. Many Americans also turn to temporary jobs when they get laid off from permanent positions.

Although many of the temps who lose their gigs snare permanent jobs, Landhuis says, others may struggle, especially with the labor market softening.

“It is concerning,” he says. “To some extent, temporary work may provide a safety net. If temporary demand is down it may be more challenging for individuals” to replace their lost income.

In a recent report, Landhuis cited other reasons temp employment has plunged:

A snap-back from record high

In the aftermath of the pandemic, temp staffing  reached “unsustainable levels,” fueled by both a shortage of permanent workers andtrillions of dollars in federal COVID rescue spending. Amid a dire need for nurses, the number of daily travel nurses swelled from about 50,000 to 160,000 in 2022, the study says. That figure is returning to its prepandemic level.

How much do you need to earn? The average American feels they need to earn over $180K to live comfortably, survey shows

Manufacturing is hurting

Manufacturing, trucking and warehousing make up about two-thirds of the jobs held by temporary workers but those industries have been hit hard by a shift in consumer purchases from goods to services since COVID lockdowns ended.

Higher costs

Hiring temp workers has become far pricier, with costs rising 30% from 2019 to 2022. Although U.S. wages have surged broadly, the cost advantage of temp services has narrowed. As a result, more companies are bringing on permanent staffers or replacing some temps with automation.

Gig work force still healthy

While temp jobs dispatched by staffing agencies have tumbled, the contingent workforce broadly is still growing. Many Americans are working as contractors, consultants, freelancers and gig workers and many companies are hiring them directly rather than going through staffing agencies. There are a total 19.4 million contingent workers in the U.S., comprising 12% of the U.S. work force,

Also, rather than hire employees themselves, businesses increasingly are contracting with tech companies for, say, computer services and relying on those firms to provide their own workers.

What is the outlook for temp jobs?

Michael Schultz, an SIA economist, thinks the big decline in temp jobs last month was overstated and could be revised up. Until June, the drop in temp jobs had eased notably this year compared to 2023.

With many young people preferring more flexible jobs and gig work, Landhuis says he’s confident temp staffing employment will rebound.

Namboothiry also expects a comeback when the economic outlook brightens.

“Once demand bounces back, you will see a...spike in temp jobs,” he says.

110 Economic Growth Essay Topic Ideas & Examples

🏆 best economic growth topic ideas & essay examples, 👍 good essay topics on economic growth, ⭐ simple & easy economic growth essay titles.

• The Importance of Service Industries in Economic Growth The pursuit of service economy, which dictates the specialization in the service industries, is one of the newest economic concepts that ensure the realization of the economic growth.
• Challenges to Sustainable Economic Growth in Africa In addition to the frequent outbreaks of conflict and instability among African states, the rapid increase in the continent’s population poses a threat to economic development.
• Economic Growth in Canada Between 1990 and 2000 In addition, the paper discusses the sources of the economic growth data and the formula the country uses for making calculations of its various economic indicators like the GDP.
• Economic Growth and Development Differences between economic growth and economic development When compared to economic development as we are to witness shortly, economic growth is a simpler and narrower subject.
• The Relationship between Political Stability & Economic Growth The government is very crucial to stability and economic development in a country because it holds the responsibility of developing legislation.
• Concept of Economic Growth Development is a term that can be used to explain the way the resources are put to efficient use as the greater the positive usage of resources; the more the state of development.
• Education, Human Capital, and Economic Growth In the broad sense, it is an intensive productive factor of economic development, including the educated part of the labor resources, knowledge, tools of intellectual and managerial work, and the environment of living and working.
• Social Equality and Economic Growth Social equality provides individuals with equal opportunities to contribute to the growth of the economy. Equality also ensures that the potential of the society is fully exploited to enhance the development of the entire community.
• The Relationship Between Economic Growth and Development To this end, the author is going to discuss the relationship between economic development and economic growth Economic Development Overview Economic development is characterised by the initiatives put in place to spearhead improvement of the […]
• ICT and Economic Growth The study of knowledge economy highlights the significance of ICT and learning in the creation of wealth and competitive advantage in the global economy.
• Relationship Between Population and Economic Growth Consequently, Solow argues that the rate of population growth will be equal to the rate of economic growth in steady states.
• Sustainable Development’ and Economic Growth’ Relationship The concepts of sustainable development and economic growth are interconnected with the aim of protecting the available wealth of the earth and at the same time creating more opportunities towards satisfaction of human needs.
• Nigeria’s Economic Evolution and Future Growth The Federal Republic of Nigeria is a country located in the western part of the African Continent. The paper is going to tackle the economic evolution and the current economic status of Nigeria.
• History of the Kenyan Economy: Stimulating the Economic Growth Through Various Means Political influence on monetary and fiscal policies of the country by the end of the century facilitated the continued stagnation of the Kenyan economy.
• Sogo Shosha’s Impact on Japan’s Economic Growth At the time, Japan had limited access to foreign markets, and the Sogo Shosha companies offered an important bridge between Japan and the rest of the world.
• Economic Growth by David Weil Another factor the author explains in a more in-depth manner in the book is the method of the comparison made in the determination of the level of economic growth.
• India’s Highs and Lows in Economic Growth India in particular has become one of the fastest growing countries in the world after China and the country shows signs of maintaining the growth momentum in a sustainable manner.
• Economic Growth and Role of Government The economy is a crucial aspect of any nation, and the role of government in its sustainable development is hard to overestimate.
• Poor Economic Growth in Uganda The country’s fiscal policies are not effective and the ability of the government to control the money supply is significantly low.
• Economics: “The Elusive Quest for Growth” by Easterly In this case, it is arguable that technology has resulted in growth from the leaping effects in production and industrial efficiency.
• Ibn Khaldun’s Umran Theory and Economic Growth Although the subject matter is typically viewed as the means of explaining the development of the contemporary society from the perspective of the cause-and-effect concept; however, the specified approach is a common misconception and a […]
• Impact of Economic Growth on Environmental Sustainability Because of constant development of the richest economies, such as the United Kingdom, and United States, the consumption levels of the global population surpass the actual amount of natural resources that the Earth has prepared […]
• Latitude Can Cause Long-Run Economic Growth Differences Across Countries The researchers found that there was a clear relationship between the prevalence of disease, especially malaria, as well as the productivity of agriculture in tropical zones, and the low economic growth rate.
• Foreign Aid and Economic Growth in Developing States The paper under analysis covers the topic of the relationship between foreign aid and economic growth in developing countries. There is a raging debate on the real effect of foreign aid on developing countries, and […]
• External Debt and Economic Growth by Al Kharusi and Ada The journal article “External Debt and Economic Growth: The Case of Emerging Economy” by Sami Al Kharusi and Mbah Stella Ada highlights some of the impacts of external debts on a nation’s economic growth.
• The Impact of Automation and Robotization on Long-Run Economic Growth Due to the increased use of robotics and AI in the production industries, it is imperative to understand the contribution of mechanization in the economic world.
• Who Reduces Economic Growth in Africa This is due to the fact that the financial assistance provided by the West to the countries of Africa is not gratuitous, but leads to the formation of state debt.
• Panama: Quality of Life and Economic Growth The inflation rate in the country is an indicator of the degree of depreciation of money. In the United States of America, this indicator is significantly higher and is 0.1%.
• Economic, Productivity Growth, and Free Trade The article by Saleem et al.is closely connected to the topic of factors contributing to productivity growth as researchers explored the impact of innovation and total factor productivity in Pakistan’s economic environment.
• Environmental Policy’s Impact on Economic Growth One common belief about the environmental policy is that it results in layoffs as well as closure of plants and reduces the level of competition in the market.
• Economic Growth and Unemployment Relationship in the USA The corresponding figures characterize the structure of economic dynamics and the diversification of the labor market. The research limitation is the multifactorial nature of economic growth and unemployment indicators.
• Family Business Promoting Economic Growth The primary goal of the article is to assess the role of the family business in the economic growth of Saudi Arabia.
• Growth and Equality – Development Objectives Compared National policy makers and the development economists have been interested in the study of the interface between growth and equality in the past, but recently there have been a revival of this subject.
• Economic Growth of Morocco in the Context of Sustainable Development However, the labor share of GDP is the highest in the upper-middle-income sector which demonstrates the growth of a strong middle class in the country.
• Ten-Year Economic Growth of Australia The aim of this report is to show the status of the economy of Australia. The number of young people in the country constitutes the greater percentage of the population.
• Climate Change and Economic Growth The graph displays the levels of the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and the years before our time with the number 0 being the year 1950.
• Vietnam’s Economic Growth and Poverty & Inequality A significant part of the population was active in employment, and this means that the numerous income-generating activities improved the economy of this country.
• John M. Quigley: Urban Diversity and Economic Growth The article reviews the part that the traditional scale economies and diversities in the improvement of the economic growth. The diversity of cities should therefore be valued as factor contributing to economic growth.
• U.S. Automobile Industry as a Large Segment of the National Economic Growth The main indicators of stability and efficiency in work were the factors for the oligopoly of the automobile market in the United States.
• Gasoline Prices, Rates of Unemployment, Inflation, and Economic Growth The data which has been queried from the database are related to gasoline prices in California, the unemployment rate in the US, the inflation rate in the US, and Real GDP.
• Economic Growth & Developing Countries Sponsorship of trademarks will help the general public identifying the owner of goods in the market as also the availability of goods and services in the market and can protect people against false practices.
• An Initial Examination of Correlates of Economic Growth The variable of choice is REGION because of the numerical values assigned to Southeast Asia and the OECD countries. Finally, the fourth variable is degree of participation in foreign trade.
• Culture and Religion’s Impact on America’s Early Economic Growth Nor was the dominant ideology appreciably affected by the novel and radical doctrines that penetrated the intellectual barriers of the nation in the early twentieth century, as the shift in the tide of immigration carried […]
• Irish Economic Growth and Standard of Living Ireland today being named as ‘Celtic Tiger’ for the economic boom it has experienced from 1990s to 2001 and then from 2003 to 2006, which has changed the fate of this poor economy to be […]
• Walmart Inc.’s Training and Development for Economic Growth In turn, the key deliverable that the exercise mentioned above is expected to produce will be represented by a rise in the quality of communication between employees and managers.
• Capitalism and Democracy – Social System Analysis It is suggested that the combination of these ideologies enhances the freedoms of individuals, and allows the economy of the country to develop at a rapid rate.
• Understanding the Role of Technology and Efficiency in Economic Growth At the beginning of this chapter, David Weil discusses the role of technologies in increasing economic growth and productivity. This notion is used to describe a situation when the arrival of new technologies harms both […]
• Australia’s Economic Growth and International Trade An IMF report has revealed that the relaxation of inflexible labor laws can lead to a decline in the rate of unemployment.
• Economic Growth and Land Reform in Developing Countries The most common land reform approach is state-controlled land reforms where the state seeks to promote land redistribution to contribute to the socio-economic development of a country.
• Higher Education Financing and Economic Growth Throughout the article, the author uses data to show that increasing government spending on higher education has a negative impact on economic growth, and it leads to a decrease in the number of students joining […]
• Political Systems as Factors of Economic Growth In the 20th century, many events that transformed the global political structure had occurred: the collapse of the bipolar system of international relationships, development of independent sovereign states with the communist historical background, regime changes […]
• Saudi Arabian Human Capital and Economic Growth The current situation poses a significant risk for the future, as it is unclear whether or not the country will be able to take its place on the global oil market again nor what the […]
• Southeast Asia: Energy Security and Economic Growth The Southeast Asian peninsula is made up of the countries that are geographically positioned south of China, north of Australia, and east of India. The metropolitans are extensions of the cities to the periphery as […]
• China’s Law, Finance, and Economic Growth Nexus Besides providing the reflection of the status quo of China’s economic phenomenon aspect, section 3 offers recommendations that the country can establish to address the wanting legal protection of minority shareholders.
• Saudi Arabian Economic Growth Effect on Foreign Direct Investment The study is important because many studies that have analyzed the relationship between economic growth and FDI have examined the effect of FDI on economic growth.
• Exploring the UAE Economy: PESTLE Analysis and Implications for Businesses According to the latest information on the state’s progress, the premises for the growth of the international business in the UAE have been set rather successfully, with a range of areas, where international organisations may […]
• US Economic Growth: Projected Trends for 2016-2018 According to the Bureau of Economic Analysis, the United States is one of the largest economies in the globe. This fact explains why the country is the largest economy in the world today.
• Economic Growth in Kenya: Past and Future Challenges To ensure that the country attracts more investment, the government has put in place strategies to make the country investment conducive for both local and foreign investors, mainly from the United States and the Middle […]
• Multinational Firms Impacts on the Economic Growth Although Byres affirms that MNCs may have a positive economic impact on their host countries, he says the economic sectors that align with their operations benefit from the companies, at the expense of other economic […]
• Role of Supply-side Policies in Balanced Economic Growth Considering the drawbacks of economic growth as a measure of performance for economies such as failing to record productivity in the black markets, Keith asserts that all nations endeavour to ensure a balanced economic growth.
• Kenya: Economic Growth and Health Care System As a result of the projects financed by the international lending organizations, Kenya has seen a growth in the percentage of children accessing free basic education.
• Gross Domestic Product and Economic Growth For instance, the business sector is responsible for the production of goods and services which have to be consumed for production to continue.
• Economic Growth of Singapore from 1965 to 2008 It is a country located south of Johor, one of the Malaysian state, and it is also to the north of the Equator.
• Supply Policies’ Role in Economic Growth Despite the flexibility aspect, the role of the government in the implementation of the supply side policies cannot be ruled out.
• Entrepreneurship and Economic Growth Entrepreneurship capital is the main factor in the neoclassical production function which is the ability of economic representatives to start new organizations.
• China’s Export-Led Economic Growth and Development Supporters of China’s export-led growth strategy believe that the approach has enabled the country to improve its economic fortunes in the last three decades.
• Remittances Role in Spurring Global Economic Growth It is necessary to lower the cost of sending remittances in order to increase the annual amount by recovering the excess that is used to cater for the exorbitant costs imposed by money transfer companies.
• Cuba’s Quest for Economic Growth However, this has not had much impact on the development of the country due to inefficiencies in the government. It is important to note that the private sector is restricted in Cuba and the government […]
• Industrialization and Modern Economic Growth in India and China The other theory suggests that the de-industrialization of Indias economy was a result of the British victory in foreign markets for cottage made manufactures, followed by its penetration in the India’s home market with cheap […]
• Economic Growth and the Living Standards This arose from the high rate of economic growth as a result of the high rate of industrial revolution and technological progress.
• Etihad Airways to Collaborate With Maharashtra Government for Economic Growth The main issue of the article is an establishment of collaborative bonds between Etihad Airways and the government of Maharashtra. The opportunity to extend the purposes of the transitional services by launching the first touristic […]
• Effect of Civil War on Economic Growth The sources will provide data about the state of Sudan before the civil war and the state of the economy after the war.
• Effect of Civil War on Economic Growth: Evidence From Sudan Of greater essence in the paper is the collection of a set of data and literature that will help in linking the scale of violence and instability caused by the civil war in Sudan and […]
• Sustaining Australia’s Rate of Economic Growth The Australian Bureau of Statistics declared that in the year 2005-06 to 2009-10 witnessed the increase of 21% in the GVA of mining industry in Australia.
• Services Industries’ Role in Building Economic Growth Overview of the task There is a compelling need to highlight the importance of services economy which policy makers and entrepreneurs alike can benefit from, by making use of the economic and business potential in […]
• Services Industries and Economic Growth Importance of technology in the service industry Another reason for building service economy is because of the technological advancement in the service industry.
• United Arab Emirates Vision 2021: Economic and Social Prosperity The national interest is to be proactive in responding to challenges affecting the people of the UAE and to leave a legacy of prosperity and stability.
• China’s Economic Growth and Financial Development It is the wish of every country to realize improved and sustainable economic growth and financial development in order to improve the living standards of the greatest majority among its citizenry.
• Democracy and Economic Growth: Asia-Pacific Region Experiences Kalpana and Jolly describe that to date, communication industry in the Asia-pacific area have been boosted by flexible and mobile networks and the relevant maintenance of data systems. The maintenance of high economic growth reduces […]
• Economic Growth and Environment Relation Although the relevance of the EKC and the focus on the stages of development as the important factors to speak about the relationship between the economic growth and environment are highly debatable issues, it is […]
• Has Globalisation Led To Economic Growth? However, the benefits of globalization in promotion of economic growth outweigh the negative effects that it has in economic growth of a country.
• Australia’s Economic Growth One of the main dangers which awaits Australia as a result of the reduction of the Asian demand in its resources is the reduction in the investment.
• Economic History of Canada: How Did the Settlers Facilitate Economic Growth? The study of economic history of Canada involves the analysis of the prevalent economic institutions and industries. The major analytical part of the paper will concentrate on the role of settlers in developing the economy.
• Institutional Reforms and China’s Economic Growth The paper also evaluates some of the issues that China has to do in order to maintain the country’s future economic growth and development.
• Building Economic Growth: Service Industries Significance For example, service industries form the largest category in the Australian and Canadian economy in regards to employment, and businesses. In addition, the need for organizations to develop their service offerings is due to the […]
• Services Industries Are Important in Building Economic Growth Ettlie Rosenthal postulates that a customer is always engaged in provision of a service, and the reaction of the customer to the service affects the quality.
• International Trade Policy and Economic Growth Realization Similarly, the labor, which is the human asset employed in the realization of this output of cooperation, will necessitate the international bodies to observe and regulate all the players in the international trade.
• Technology Progress in Realising Sustainable Economic Growth Because of the growth theory and the development theory having fostered the process of technological advancement as the core reason for economic growth, most of the Asian economies have embarked on the initiative.
• The Economic Growth of China and India The new infrastructure invested in China and the increase in credit in India show that there is a bigger growth of credit in India than in China.
• China’s Rapid Economic Growth This piece of work gives a critical discussion of the various factors that are associated with the rapid economic growth in China in the last three decades and their implications in the country as well […]
• Rising Oil Prices’ Effects on Economic Growth Increase in production costs and the decrease in consumption expenditure caused by the rise in oil prices prompt producers to reduce outputs.
• The Role of the State in Encouraging Economic Growth Despite the call for minimization of the role of the state in regulating trade and other economic activities by proponents of trade liberalization following the demise of the Cold War in 1980s and 1990s,it is […]
• Theories of Economic Growth Too, despite highlighting the plight of the global poor, most of these activities are executed with the aim of increasing the foreign aid to the poor.
• China’s Economic Growth and Inflation On the road to becoming the second largest economy, China has experienced growth rates of about 10% in the last 30 years making it to top the list of the fastest growing economies.
• Effects of China’s Economic Growth on Sub-Saharan Africa On the same note, trading with China has led to increase in prices of raw materials that are produced by countries in Sub-Saharan Africa thus leading to expansion of Gross Domestic Product.
• China’s Economic Growth Since 1978 The article by Wang and Yao, however, sought to use data of China’s human capital stock to analyze the economic growth of the country. China’s involvement in the global economy subjected it to the effects […]
• Relationship between Economic Growth and Nation’s Health Ascertaining the influence of economic growth in health care is necessary for policy makers since such an intimate understanding of the relationship between economic growth and population health will enable them to formulate astute policies […]
• External Financing and Economic Growth The main reason why investors may decide to pull out of a country in the course of their stay is loss of faith in that country’s economy.
• Kenya’s Economic Growth The level of increase in output of services and goods is used as a measure of economic growth. Kenya’s government has been trying to be ahead of population growth, and this has been favored by […]
• Economic Growth in Hong Kong and Singapore As a result, support for investment and exports is one of the most successful methods that have been used to encourage economic growth for typical firms in Hong Kong and Singapore.
• Economic Growth and Crises in Historical Perspective Describing the concepts history, contributors and the how the changes occurred in the economic history In line with the World of Economics, economic thought began with the onset of industrialization.
• Colombia’s Improved Business Climate: Foreign Investment and Economic Growth Political instability in the country can be traced to the middle of the twentieth century after the assassination of the country’s president in the year 1948.
• Rapid Economic Growth and Industrialization in Japan In Asia, Japan was the first country to exhibit a marked positive growth after the damage caused to the nation following the world war.
• Key Drivers of China’s Rapid Economic Growth and the Global Impacts The resulting graduates therefore worked in the manufacturing sectors of the economy and thus led to the improvement of the quantity and quality of outputs.
• Is China’s Economy Another Bubble? The fact that China is expected to contribute to about a third of the world’s growth this year makes the issue a global concern.
• Macroeconomics Topics
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Chancellor Rachel Reeves is taking immediate action to fix the foundations of our economy

In her first speech as Chancellor, Rachel Reeves laid out plans to rebuild Britain and make every part of the country better off.

Good morning.

Last week, the British people voted for change.

And over the last 72 hours I have begun the work necessary to deliver on that mandate.

Our manifesto was clear:

Sustained economic growth is the only route to the improved prosperity that country needs and the living standards of working people.

Where previous governments have been unwilling to take the difficult decisions to deliver growth…

… or have waited too long to act…

… I will not hesitate.

Growth [political content removed]. It is now our national mission.

There is no time to waste.

This morning I want to outline the first steps [political content removed] taken to fix the foundations of our economy.

So we can rebuild Britain and make every part of our country better off.

But first, let me address the inheritance.

I have repeatedly warned that whoever won the general election would inherit the worst set of circumstances since the Second World War.

What I have seen in the past 72 hours has only confirmed that.

Our economy has been held back by decisions deferred and decisions ducked.

Political self-interest put ahead of the national interest.

A government that put party first, country second.

We face the legacy of fourteen years of chaos and economic irresponsibility.  

That is why over the weekend I instructed Treasury officials to provide an assessment of the state of our spending inheritance so that I can understand the scale of the challenge. And I will present this to Parliament before the summer recess. 

This will be separate from a Budget that will be held later this year – and I will confirm the date of that Budget, alongside a forecast from the Office for Budget Responsibility, in due course.

All governments face difficult choices – and I will not shrink from those choices.

Those choices are made harder, however, by the absence of the economic growth necessary to not only balance the books but also to improve living standards.

New Treasury analysis that I requested over the weekend shows that, had the UK economy grown at the average rate of other OECD economies this last 13 years, our economy would have been over £140 billion larger.

This could have brought in an additional £58 billion in tax revenues in the last year alone. That’s money that could have revitalised our schools, our hospitals, and other public services.

Growth requires difficult choices – choices that previous governments have shied away from.

And it now falls to [political content removed] fix the foundations.

We have promised a new approach to growth – one fit for a changed world.

That approach will rest on three pillars – stability, investment, and reform.

Let me turn first to stability.

In the run-up to the general election, I set out the crucial first steps in our economic plans:

To deliver economic stability, so we can grow our economy and keep taxes, inflation and mortgages as low as possible.

And that commitment stands.

I emphasised this commitment in a meeting with the Governor of the Bank of England on Friday, and I will do the same when I meet the chair of the Office for Budget Responsibility this week.

These institutions are guarantors of our economic stability and I will not be playing games at their expense.

Over the weekend I made clear to Treasury officials that the manifesto commitments that we were elected on will be kept to and they will be delivered on.

That includes robust fiscal rules.

And it includes our commitments to no increases in National Insurance, and the basic, higher, or additional rates of Income Tax, or VAT.

Now I know there are some who will argue that the time for caution is past.

[Political content removed].

That a large majority in Parliament means we have the licence to row back on the principles of sound money and economic responsibility.

I know that many of you aren’t used to hearing this after recent years. But I believe that the promises that a party is elected on should be delivered on in government and we will do so.

We do not take lightly the trust of voters who have been burned too often by incompetence, irresponsibility, and recklessness.

And to investors and businesses who have spent fourteen years doubting whether Britain is a safe place to invest, then let me tell you:

After fourteen years, Britain has a stable government. A government that respects business, wants to partner with business, and is open for business.

In an uncertain world, Britain is a place to do business.

Let me turn to how we will unlock private investment that we so desperately need.

[Political content removed] …plans to launch a new National Wealth Fund, with a remit to invest – and so to catalyse private sector investment – in new and growing industries.

And in March, the former governor of the Bank of England, Mark Carney, agreed to lead a Taskforce on the establishment of a new National Wealth Fund.

I can tell you today that I have received the report from that Taskforce, and I will be announcing the next steps in short order.

Alongside investment must come reform.

Because the question is not whether we want growth, but how strong is our resolve – how prepared are we to make hard choices and face down the vested interests;

How willing, even, to risk short-term political pain to fix Britain’s foundations.

The story of the last fourteen years has been a refusal to confront the tough and responsible decisions that are demanded.

This government will be different.

And there is no time to waste.

Nowhere is decisive reform needed more urgently than in the case of our planning system.

Planning reform has become a byword for political timidity in the face of vested interests and a graveyard of economic ambition.

Our antiquated planning system leaves too many important projects getting tied up in years and years of red tape before shovels ever get into the ground.

We promised to put planning reform at the centre of our political argument – and we did.

We said we would grasp the nettle of planning reform – and we are doing so.

Today I can tell you that work is underway.

Over the weekend, I met with the Prime Minister and the Deputy Prime Minister to agree the urgent action needed to fix our planning system.

Today, alongside the Deputy Prime Minister, I am taking immediate action to deliver this [political content removed] government’s mission to kickstart economic growth;

And to take the urgent steps necessary to build the infrastructure that we need, including one and a half million homes over the next five years.

The system needs a new signal. This is that signal.

First, we will reform the National Planning Policy Framework, consulting on a new growth-focused approach to the planning system before the end of the month, including restoring mandatory housing targets.

And, as of today, we are ending the absurd ban on new onshore wind in England. We will also go further and consult on bringing onshore wind back into the Nationally Significant Infrastructure Projects regime, meaning decisions on large developments will be taken nationally not locally.

Second, we will give priority to energy projects in the system to ensure they make swift progress…

… and we will build on the spatial plan for Energy by expanding this to other infrastructure sectors.  

Third, we will create a new taskforce to accelerate stalled housing sites in our country…

…beginning with Liverpool Central Docks, Worcester Parkway, Northstowe and Langley Sutton Coldfield, representing more than 14,000 homes.

Fourth, we will also support local authorities with 300 additional planning officers across the country.

Fifth, if we are to put growth at the centre of our planning system, that means changes not only to the system itself, but to the way that ministers use our powers for direct intervention.

The Deputy Prime Minister has said that when she intervenes in the economic planning system, the benefit of development will be a central consideration and that she will not hesitate to review an application where the potential gain for the regional and national economies warrant it.

… and I welcome her decision to recover two planning appeals already, for data centres in Buckinghamshire and in Hertfordshire.

To facilitate this new approach, the Deputy Prime Minister will also write to local mayors and the Office for Investment to ensure that any investment opportunity with important planning considerations that comes across their desks is brought to her attention and also to mine.

The Deputy Prime Minister will also write to Local Planning Authorities alongside the National Planning Policy Framework consultation, making clear what will now be expected of them…

…including universal coverage of local plans, and reviews of greenbelt boundaries. These will prioritise Brownfield and grey belt land for development to meet housing targets where needed.

And our golden rules will make sure the development this frees up will allow us to deliver thousands of the affordable homes too, including more for social rent.

Sixth, as well as unlocking new housing, we will also reform the planning system to deliver the infrastructure that our country needs.

Together, [political content removed] we will ask the Secretaries of State for Transport and Energy Security and Net Zero to prioritise decisions on infrastructure projects that have been sitting unresolved for far too long.

And finally, we will set out new policy intentions for critical infrastructure in the coming months, ahead of updating relevant National Policy Statements within the year.

I know that there will be opposition to this.

I’m not naïve to that;

And we must acknowledge that trade offs always exist: any development may have environmental consequences, place pressure on services, and rouse voices of local opposition.

But we will not succumb to a status quo which responds to the existence of trade-offs by always saying no, and relegates the national interest below other priorities.

We will make those tough decisions, to realise that mandate. 

Be in no doubt – we are going to get Britain building again.

We are going to get Britain’s economy growing again.

We will end the prevarication and make the necessary choices to fix the foundations:

We will introduce a modern industrial strategy, to create good work and drive investment in all of our communities.

We will reform our skills system, for a changing world of work.

We will tackle economic inactivity and get people back to work.

We will take on the hard work of reforming our public services, to make them fit for the future.

We will work closely with our national, regional and local leaders to power growth in every part of Britain.

And we will turn our attention to the pensions system, to drive investment in homegrown businesses and deliver greater returns to pension savers.

I know the voters’ trust cannot be repaid through slogans or gimmicks – only through action, only through delivery.

The Treasury I lead is proceeding on that basis.

I was appointed to this post less than 72 hours ago.

Upon my arrival, I told Treasury staff that the work starts straight away.

That work has begun.

I have commissioned and received economic analysis from HMT officials on the lost growth of the past 14 years, which I have set out today.

I have instructed Treasury officials to prepare an assessment of the state of our spending inheritance, to be presented to Parliament before the summer recess.

I have started working with the Prime Minister, to make the necessary preparations for the establishment of a Growth Mission Board, and that board will meet before summer recess, focused squarely on reviving our country’s economic growth and prosperity

I have established a new Growth Delivery Unit here, at the heart of  the Treasury.

I have received the recommendations of the National Wealth Fund Taskforce, and will shortly be announcing next steps.

There is much more to do.

More tough decisions to be taken.

You have put your trust in us.

And we will repay that trust.

The work towards a decade of national renewal has begun.

And we are just getting started.

Thank you very much.

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• What happened to the artificial-intelligence revolution?

So far the technology has had almost no economic impact

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M ove to San Francisco and it is hard not to be swept up by mania over artificial intelligence ( AI ) . Advertisements tell you how the tech will revolutionise your workplace. In bars people speculate about when the world will “get AGI ”, or when machines will become more advanced than humans. The five big tech firms—Alphabet, Amazon , Apple , Meta and Microsoft, all of which have either headquarters or outposts nearby—are investing vast sums. This year they are budgeting an estimated $400bn for capital expenditures, mostly on AI -related hardware, and for research and development.

In the world’s tech capital it is taken as read that AI will transform the global economy. But for ai to fulfil its potential, firms everywhere need to buy the technology, shape it to their needs and become more productive as a result. Investors have added more than $2trn to the market value of the five big tech firms in the past year—in effect projecting an extra $300bn-400bn in annual revenues according to our rough estimates, about the same as another Apple’s worth of sales. For now, though, the tech titans are miles from such results. Even bullish analysts think Microsoft will make only about $10bn from generative- AI -related sales this year. Beyond America’s west coast, there is little sign AI is having much of an effect on anything.

One problem is the rate of adoption. Reputable companies are putting out startling estimates of how many people are using generative AI . Close to two-thirds of respondents to a recent survey by McKinsey, a consultancy, say that their company is “regularly using” the tech, nearly twice as many as the year before. A report by Microsoft and LinkedIn, an online platform for professionals, finds that 75% of global “knowledge workers” (folk who sit in front of a computer all day) use it. People are, by such accounts, already in an AI world.

And in a sense, they are. Almost everyone uses AI when searching for something on Google or picking a song on Spotify. But the incorporation of AI into business processes remains a niche pursuit. Official statistics agencies pose AI -related questions to firms of all varieties, and in a wider range of industries than Microsoft and LinkedIn do. America’s Census Bureau produces the best estimates. It finds only 5% of businesses have used AI in the past fortnight (see chart 1). Even in San Francisco many techies admit, when pressed, that they do not fork out $20 a month for the best version of Chat GPT .

It is a similar story elsewhere. According to official Canadian numbers, 6% of the country’s firms used AI to make goods and provide services in the past 12 months. British surveys suggest use there is higher—at 20% of all businesses in March—though the questions are asked differently. And even in Britain use is growing slowly. The same share used AI last September.

Concerns about data security, biased algorithms and hallucinations are slowing the roll-out. McDonald’s, a fast-food chain, recently canned a trial that used AI to take customers’ drive-through orders after the system started making errors, such as adding $222-worth of chicken nuggets to one diner’s bill. A consultant says that some of his clients are struck by “pilotitis”, an affliction whereby too many small AI projects make it hard to identify where to invest. Other firms are holding off on big projects because AI is developing so fast, meaning it is easy to splash out on tech that will soon be out of date.

Companies that are going beyond experimentation are using generative AI for a narrow range of tasks. Streamlining customer service is perhaps most common. ADP , a payroll firm, boasts of “a new feature that enables our small-business clients to…leverage gen AI to answer questions and better understand how to initiate an HR action”. Others use the tech for marketing. Verizon, a telecoms firm, says it employs AI to create a better “personalised plan recommendation” for its customers; Starbucks, a coffee chain, uses it to make “more personalised customer offers”.

If you think that such efforts seem faintly unimpressive, you are not alone. Goldman Sachs has constructed a stockmarket index tracking companies that, in the bank’s view, have “the largest estimated potential change to baseline earnings from AI adoption via increased productivity”. The index includes firms such as Walmart, a large grocer, and H & R Block, a tax-preparation outfit. Since the end of 2022 these companies’ share prices have failed to outperform the broader stockmarket (see chart 2). In other words, investors see no prospect of extra profits. The technology could even be distracting executives from more pressing matters.

What of the anecdotes that some firms are using AI to transform their operations? Klarna is one frequently cited example. The online financial-services firm recently claimed its AI assistant was doing the work of 700 full-time customer-service agents. Its boss says that, as a result of the tech, employment at the company is falling by a fifth each year. Yet this is, at best, an incomplete picture. Klarna is hoping to go public before long: talking about its use of AI drums up press. According to data from CB Insights, a consultancy, Klarna’s headcount started to drop long before AI came on the scene. The company is worth perhaps half as much as it was in 2021. If it is now cutting employees, overhiring during the covid-19 pandemic deserves as much blame as AI deserves credit.

Doesn’t compute

Indeed, there is no sign in the macroeconomic data of a surge in lay-offs. Kristalina Georgieva, head of the IMF , recently warned that AI would hit the labour market like “a tsunami”. For now, however, unemployment across the rich world is below 5%, close to an all-time low. The share of rich-world workers in a job is near an all-time high. Wage growth also remains strong, which is hard to square with an environment where workers’ bargaining power is supposedly fading.

Nor does an AI effect emerge if you dig more deeply into the numbers. Workers are not moving between companies faster than usual, as would probably happen if lots of jobs were disappearing. Using American data on employment by occupation, we focus on white-collar workers, who range from back-office support to copywriters. Such roles are thought to be vulnerable to AI , which is becoming better at tasks that involve logical reasoning and creativity. Despite this, the share of employment in white-collar professions is a percentage point higher than before the pandemic (see chart 3).

Some economists think AI will transform the global economy without booting people out of jobs. Collaboration with a virtual assistant may improve performance. A new paper by Anders Humlum of the University of Chicago and Emilie Vestergaard of Copenhagen University surveys 100,000 Danish workers. The average respondent estimates that Chat GPT can halve time spent on about a third of work tasks, in theory a big boost to efficiency.

However, macroeconomic data also show little evidence of a surge in productivity. The latest estimates, using official figures, suggest that real output per employee in the median rich country is not growing at all. In America, the global centre of AI , output per hour remains below its pre-2020 trend. Even in global data derived from surveys of purchasing managers, which are produced with a shorter lag, there is no sign of a productivity surge.

For such a spurt, firms need to invest in AI . Besides big tech—which is spending chiefly to develop AI products for others, rather than to boost its own productivity—most companies are not doing so. Capital expenditure (capex) among the rest of the S & P 500, an index of America’s largest firms, is likely to fall this year in real terms. Across America’s economy as a whole, it is hardly rising. Overall business investment in information-processing equipment and software is increasing by 5% year on year in real terms, well below the long-run average. Across the rich world, investment is rising more slowly than in the 2010s.

In time, businesses may wake up to the true potential of AI . Most technological waves, from the tractor and electricity to the personal computer, take a while to spread across the economy. Indeed, on the assumption that big tech’s AI revenues grow by an average of 20% a year, investors anticipate that almost all of big tech’s earnings from AI will arrive after 2032, according to our analysis. If an AI bonanza does eventually materialise, expect the share prices of the users of AI , not only the providers, to soar. But if worries about ai grow, big tech’s capex plans will start to look as extravagant as its valuations. ■

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This article appeared in the Finance & economics section of the print edition under the headline “A sequence of zeroes”

Finance & economics July 6th 2024

How starbucks caffeinates local economies, why chinese banks are now vanishing, ukraine has a month to avoid default, america’s banks are more exposed to a downturn than they appear, how much cash should be removed from the financial system.

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